FR2798435A1 - Torsional stress absorber wheel for automotive vehicle comprises two coaxial masses, one with an annular housing for elastic organs mounted in a second housing as well, the other with a vail partly enclosed in the first mass housing - Google Patents

Abstract

Torsional stress absorber wheel comprises two coaxial masses (12,14) mounted angularly mobile one about the other. The first mass (12) is integral with the driving shaft (100) and has an annular housing (30) for elastic organs (32). The second mass (14) has a reaction plate (26) integral with the driven shaft (101) and a vail (42) partly enclosed in the first mass housing. Transversal element (20) and disk (34) provided with supports (80) are surrounding the elastic organs while the vail has radial tabs (50) to contact the elastic organs. The organs are mounted in second housing (281) of second disk (134) fixed on the transversal element and facing the vail. The complementary supports (181) for elastic organs are facing the primary supports (80).

Description

The present invention relates to a torsional damping flywheel, in particular for a motor vehicle.

A flywheel comprises two coaxial masses mounted angularly movable relative to one another against elastic members with circumferential action.

One of the masses, called the first mass, is intended to be wedged in rotation on a driving shaft, while the other mass comprises reaction plate by means of which it is intended to be wedged in rotation in a disengageable manner on a led tree.

In the case of an application for a motor vehicle, the driving shaft is the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, called the thermal engine, of the motor vehicle, while the driven shaft is the input shaft of a transmission box such as a gearbox.

The second mass is rotatably mounted on the first mass by means of bearing usually in the form of a ball bearing with one or two rows of balls.

As a variant, the bearing means consist of a smooth bearing.

To do this, the first mass has, centrally, a hub projecting axially relative to an element generally 'transverse orientation. The bearing means intervene between the outer periphery of the hub and the inner periphery of the second mass.

The elastic members are mounted in the space delimited by the transverse element of the first mass and by the reaction plate parallel to the transverse element.

Such a damping flywheel is described in document B-2 729 199.

In it, the transverse element is in the form of a plate having at its outer periphery a skirt of axial orientation. This skirt carries, with fixing, a first pressed sheet metal disc for forming by stamping of first supports for the circumferential ends of the elastic members.

The first disc has a central bore larger than the outside diameter of the hub of the first mass. Blocks are fixed by riveting on the transverse element of the first mass, opposite the supports of the first disc, for the formation of second supports for the circumferential ends of the elastic members.

These elastic members are housed in notches formed in a veil secured to the second mass.

The notches are delimited by arms serving to support the circumferential ends of the elastic members, which are thus compressed between, on the one hand, the arms of the veil and, on the other hand, the first supports and blocks during a relative movement. between the two masses.

In this document, the elastic members consist of helical springs of great length arranged in a crown.

 springs are lubricated.

type of damper flywheel is satisfactory.

 However, an axial size problem may arise because the reaction plate belongs to a friction clutch comprising a friction disc intended to be locked in rotation on the driven shaft, and a unitary assembly called the clutch mechanism.

This clutch mechanism comprises a pressure plate linked in rotation with axial mobility to a cover intended to be fixed on the reaction plate of the second mass.

Conventionally, a diaphragm bears on the cover to urge the pressure plate towards the reaction plate in order to tighten the friction linings, which the friction disc has at its outer periphery, between the pressure and reaction plates.

Usually, the friction disc comprises two friction linings arranged on either side of a support coupled in a rigid elastic manner to an internally grooved hub for its connection in rotation to the driven shaft.

The support is elastically deformable axially for progressive tightening of the linings and creating assistance during the declutching operation.

friction linings wear out, so that the pressure plate approaches the reaction plate, and the diaphragm tilts. To keep the diaphragm in the same position when the clutch engaged - friction linings clamped between the pressure and reaction plates - a device is provided to compensate for wear on the friction linings and, to a lesser extent, the reaction pressure plates.

device increases the axial dimensions and is called a wear take-up device.

variant we can replace the diaphragm with two Belleville washers mounted in series. One of the Belleville washers may consist of a diaphragm. Thanks to this arrangement, assistance is provided during the declutching operation.

This arrangement contributes to increasing the axial size.

Of course, the two arrangements can be combined as described for example in document FR-A-2 753 758.

It is therefore important to reduce the axial size of the damping flywheel.

The object of the invention is to respond to this wish, in a simple and economical manner.

According to the invention, a damping flywheel of the above-mentioned type is characterized in that the elastic members are mounted in housings belonging to a second disc fixed on the face of the transverse element facing the web, and in that said housings are delimited by second supports for the circumferential ends of the elastic members, said second supports being arranged facing the stampings.

Thanks to the invention, it is possible to remove the support blocks from the elastic members and block fixing rivets. Thus the transverse element is less thick at its outer periphery, so that the axial bulk is reduced, which makes it possible to mount, on the reaction plate, a clutch mechanism with wear take-up device and / or a clutch mechanism with two Belleville assistance washers without increasing the axial size of the assembly. In addition the first mass is simplified and the solution is simple and economical because it uses a simple second disc possibly fragmented annular sectors.

second disc can be fixed by any means on the transverse element.

Advantageously, the disc is fixed by riveting.

This arrangement is economical and makes it possible to fix, using the same series of rivets, a crown forming an ignition target for regulating the ignition of the vehicle's heat engine. As a variant, the crown forms a coded wheel for measuring the speed of rotation of the first mass and of the driving shaft.

The crown has for this purpose at its outer periphery, for example, at least one radially projecting tab; said tab being allowed to pass in front of a sensor carried by a fixed part such as the engine block of the vehicle or a load-bearing part secured for example to a spacer carrying the stator of a rotary electric machine as described in document FR 98 11174 filed 03109 / 1998.Thus the transverse element of the first mass can be fixed on a spacer adapted to be fixed the crankshaft of the heat engine as visible for example in Figure 3 this document to which reference will be made for more details. As a variant, the tab or tabs are replaced by notches with closed outline.

In all cases the crown is perforated and belongs to a movement detection device, here rotation. Of course one can, as a variant, replace the rivets by bolts or any other fixing means.

The crown and the second disc are arranged on either side of the transverse element.

Advantageously, the crown is housed in the thickness of the transverse element of the first mass so as not to increase the axial size.

The transverse element is therefore hollowed out for housing the openwork crown. Thus in one embodiment the transverse element has a groove-shaped recess for housing the crown. Thanks to the presence of the second disc, an obstacle is created opposing the evacuation towards the interior of the elastic organs lubrication agent.

Indeed, this agent most often consists of grease which is centrifuged working towards the outside.

The presence of the second disc, very close to the outer periphery of the veil, creates an obstacle opposing the fallout of the fat. It is thus possible to remove a sealing washer, as well as possibly the closure plug mounted in the hole made in the transverse element for riveting the veil to the reaction plate of the second mass.

second disc is advantageously flat in shape and the spring housings consist of indentations.

This is made possible because a metal element, forming a chute, is interposed between the elastic members and the internal periphery of the peripheral ring of the transverse element.

Thanks to the invention, the transverse element does not extend in axial projection relative to the front face of the central hub directed opposite the reaction plate.

The damping flywheel is therefore not significantly modified, its central part being unchanged and the two discs are arranged on either side of the web.

The description which follows illustrates the invention with reference to FIG. 1, which is a half view in axial section of the damping flywheel according to the invention.

simplicity, the elements common to the invention and to document FR-B-2 729 will be given the same reference symbols.

Thus, in this figure there is shown a damping flywheel for motor vehicles which is essentially constituted by a first mass 12 first rotating element) and a second mass 14 (or second rotating element), which are angularly movable one by relative to the other around axis XX of the assembly. Here the masses 12 and 14 are coaxial, being mounted movable relative to one another against elastic means with circumferential action 32 and a friction device with axial action 58.

The first mass 12 comprises a transverse orientation plate and carries a starter ring 16 suitable for being driven by the starter (not shown) of the vehicle. This plate 20 has, at its internal periphery, a central hub 18 and, at its external periphery, a peripheral annular skirt 22 of axial orientation.

The plate 20, here in one piece with its skirt 22 hub 18, is moldable material, here in cast iron. This transverse orientation plate 20.

The first mass 12 is intended to be fixed to the end of the crankshaft 100 of the internal combustion engine as described below. This first mass 12 is therefore intended to be locked in rotation on a driving shaft while being fixed here to the latter by screws 1.

The second mass 14 is also made of moldable material, here made of cast iron, and has a reaction plate 26 of transverse orientation with, at its outer periphery, a cylindrical boss 124 of axial orientation, here fragmented, surrounded by the skirt 22 of the first mass 12.

The second mass 14 is rotatably mounted on the hub 18 of the first mass 12 here by means of a ball bearing 28 or, alternatively, another bearing, for example of the type with a smooth bearing.

first mass 12 defines for the most part at its external periphery an annular housing (or chamber) 30, which is designed to receive the elastic means with circumferential action 32 constituted here by a set of concentric helical springs arranged in a crown.

Here two sets of concentric springs 32 are provided. Of course, this number depends on the applications. The springs 32 have a curved shape and are advantageously pre-bent.

The housing 30 is here largely defined by the plate 20, the skirt 22 and a first disc 34 belonging to the first mass. At its internal periphery, this housing 30 reveals a slot into which a web 42 belonging to the second mass penetrates, and this with sealing, as described below.

disc 34, here metallic, extends radially inward from the skirt 22 between the two plates 20, 26 parallel between The disc 34 is rotationally linked to the outer skirt 22 by sealed crimping as described in the document FR-A- 2,695,579. To do this, the skirt is shouldered and its shoulder has a groove intended to receive the metal from the metal disc when it is crimped.

As a variant, this waterproof attachment can be produced by screwing as described in document FR-A-2 687 442.

Alternatively, riveting or welding can be carried out. This disc 34 forms a cover for the plate 20 of hollow shape while being delimited by its skirt 22 and its hub 18.

The plate 26 is hollowed out for housing the disc 34, which is locally stamped 80 (FIG. 1) for support of the circumferential ends of the helical springs 32. The stampings 80 form first supports for the springs 32.

Opposite these stampings 80, the plate 20 carries second supports 181 to support the circumferential ends of the disc springs 34 and the plate 20 define an annular channel for the springs 32. this effect the plate 20 is annularly hollowed out at the outer periphery and the disc 34 is curved, this to retain the springs axially radially.

skirt 22 is hollowed out internally to retain springs 32 radially outwards.

this effect its internal bore has a first imprint 23 of annular shape. Likewise, the plate 20 has a second annular imprint 123 for housing the springs 32. This imprint 123 is of transverse orientation and is connected to the first imprint 23 to partially define the channel of the springs 32. The plate 20, the skirt 22 and disc 34 thus conform to the shape of the springs 32, here the shape of the external springs. The second mass 12 also comprises a veil 42, also called an inner disk, which extends radially from the internal periphery of the plate 26 to the housing or annular chamber 30. A series of rivets 44 is provided for fixing the veil 42 on the second mass 14. The chamber 30 is partially filled with a pasty or viscous agent, here grease, to lubricate springs 32.

In a manner known per se, the plate 26 constitutes the reaction plate of a clutch.

Thus the second mass14 is intended to be locked in rotation on a driven shaft, shown schematically partially at 101, here on the input shaft of the gearbox via the clutch friction disc (not shown ), the friction linings of which are intended to be clamped between the reaction plate and a pressure plate (not shown) belonging to the clutch mechanism, which the clutch comprises in a unitary manner, said mechanism being intended by its cover for be attached by screws, one of which is visible in the upper part of FIG. 1, on the reaction plate 26.

The outer edge of the web 42 has radial tabs 50, here two generally diametrically opposite tabs, provided to serve as a stop for the circumferential ends of the springs 32. The tabs 50 extend between the supports 181 and the stampings 80 for the rest position of the damping flywheel and enter the space delimited by the plate 20 and the first disc 34.

Thus the web 42 enters the housing 30 and the springs 32, bearing on the second supports 181 and the stampings 80 of the disc 34, are intended to be compressed by the legs 50 projecting radially outwards.

anti-wear parts 82, here in the form of a trough, are interposed radially between the springs 32 and the internal periphery of the skirt 22.

More precisely, these troughs 82 with a section in the shape of an arc of a circle are received in the imprints 23 of annular shape. The troughs 82 extend here generally over 90 by matching the shape of the imprints 23, here an imprint 23 divided by the parts 81.

The springs 32 are therefore intended to come into contact with the troughs 82, here made of steel, under the action of centrifugal force.

An interval exists between plate 20 and the internal periphery of the disc 34 for penetration of the web. The internal sealing of the annular housing is ensured according to one characteristic by a sealing washer 56B made of cut and stamped sheet metal.

The elastic washer closes the housing 30 at its internal periphery, said housing being partially filled with a pasty or viscous agent, here grease, to lubricate springs32.

More precisely, the external radial edge of the sealing washer 56B is in elastic abutment against a bearing surface formed opposite the internal periphery of the disc 34 of the first mass 12.

The washer 56B is joined veil 42.

The damping flywheel also includes a friction device 58 acting axially between the two masses.

This device 58 surrounds the hub 18 and comprises a friction washer 60, here made of plastic reinforced with fibers, which is intended to rub on a flat surface portion of the plate 20 and on a washer 62, here metallic, driven in rotation through the hub 18.

An elastic washer 64 with axial action resiliently biases the washer 62 in abutment against the washer The washer 64, here of the Belleville washer type, alternatively a washer of the corrugated type, bears a ring 65 axially wedged on the inner ring of the ball bearing 28 fitted on the hub 18.

This hub 18 is provided with through holes for fixing screws 1 of the damper flywheel on the engine crankshaft.

Such a screw 1 is visible in the central part of FIG. 1.

The screws 1 are supported by their head on a washer 2 used to axially wedge the inner ring of the bearing 28 in one direction. In the other direction, this internal ring is axially wedged above-mentioned ring 65, which may consist of a circlip engaged in a hub groove 18.

Thus the damping flywheel is arranged between two rotating assemblies, one of which is a crankshaft) which is connected to the vehicle internal combustion engine and the other of which is connected (disengageably) to the gearbox input shaft.

The washer 60 has at its outer periphery a crown provided with notches 61. notches or notches 61 are intended to cooperate with heads of a series of rivets 66, which are fixed to the inner annular web 42 of second mass 14.

This arrangement makes it possible, in addition to the drive in rotation of the washer 62 by cooperation of the heads 68 with the edge of the associated notches of the washer 60, to ensure the fixing of the sealing washer to the disc 42.

This design makes it possible to mount and fix the sealing washer 56B on the web 42 before the web 42 is fixed on the plate 26 of the second mass 14 by means of the series of connecting rivets 44.

These rivets 44, located at the internal periphery of the plate 26, like the rivets 66, only ensure the fixing of the web 42 without ensuring the fixing of the sealing washer 56B which is thus provided.

Thus the internal radial edge of the sealing washer 56B is pinched between the base of each rivet 66 and the portion facing the web 42.

This internal radial edge has holes through which the bodies of the rivets 66 pass.

Thus, the internal radial edge of the washer 56B extends in contact with the web 42, the assembly forming a manipulable, transportable captive assembly.

The fixing rivets 66 and the connecting rivets 44 are advantageously arranged substantially on the same circle and regularly alternate along this circle as described in document FR-B-2 199. second mass 14 has recesses facing the feet of the rivets to allow the passage of said feet. The veil 42 allows the external bearing 28 to be axially wedged between a shoulder of the second massel4 and the internal periphery of the veil 42 perforated centrally like the disc 34.

As a reminder, it will be recalled that, during the operation of the damping flywheel, the springs are allowed to be compressed between the arms 50 disc 42 and all of the second supports 181 of the plate 20 - stamped from the disc of the first mass 12.

during this movement, the head 68 of the rivets 66 rotates the washer 60 with the appearance of friction between the washer 60 and the plate 20.

other friction occurs between the washer 60 and the washer 62 which is locked in rotation on the first mass by a connection of the tenon-mortise type.

To do this, the washer 62 has, at its internal periphery, lugs 73 engaged in a complementary manner in grooves made in the hub 28.

There is thus a friction calibrated by the elastic washer 64. Of course the disc 34 is perforated centrally and extends radially above the rivets 44,66.

It will be noted that the plate 26 has, at its internal periphery, a plurality of holes 4 provided for ventilating the damping flywheel.

Thus, air can flow between the two plates 20 and 26. This ventilation promotes the cooling of the bearing 28, the holes being located near the bearing 28. These holes 4 alternate with the rivets 66 and 44.

These holes 4, here of flared shape in the direction of the web 42, open into a groove 5, which has the reaction plate 26 at its internal periphery. This groove is intended to collect the oil escaping from the center of the friction disc, so as not to pollute the friction linings of said friction disc. Thus the holes 4 have a double function, namely a ventilation function for collecting the oil which, for example, comes from oil leaks occurring at the level of the gearbox, said oil passing in particular through the hub locked in rotation on the input shaft of the gearbox, said hub belonging to the friction disc.

Thus the oil is centrifuged in the groove 5 and discharged through the holes 4. friction face, which the plate 26 offers to the friction lining concerned with the friction disc is not likely to be polluted.

note that the washer 2 used to support the heads of the fixing screws 1 fixed independently to the hub using "pop" rivets or pins fitted in the hub 18.

According to the invention, the second supports 181 belong to a second disc 134.

In this embodiment, the second disc 134 is continuous, being in one piece. As a variant, this disc 134 is fragmented into annular sectors.

second supports 181 here consist of two radial tabs 181, diametrically opposite and projecting radially outward, that is to say radially opposite direction to the axis X-X.

springs 32 extend in axial projection relative to the legs 181 to penetrate into the second imprint 123 of the plate 20 constituting a recess.

The tabs 181 therefore delimit here two second housings 281 in the form of notches open radially outwards.

Of course, the number of legs 181 and the number of springs 32 depend on applications.

second disc 134, here of metallic shape, has, at its outer periphery, a shape generally identical to that of the web 42, the only difference resulting from the fact that the legs 50 of the web 42, projecting radially outward to delimit two housings 150 in the form of notches open towards the outside, are offset axially towards the plate 20 of transverse orientation. The legs 181, 50 penetrate into the housing 30 of the first mass 12 and the web 42 is disposed between the two discs 34, 134.

More precisely, the second disc 134 is fixed on the face of the plate 20 facing the web. The housing 30 is delimited in the skirt 22 - plate 20 assembly by the first imprint 23, of section in the form of an arc of a circle, extended radially. inwards the second imprint 123. This second imprint 123 is delimited by wall 130 of transverse orientation, and by an inclined portion 131, which thus define the aforementioned recess of the plate 20 into which the springs 32 penetrate.

The wall 130 has a small thickness.

All this is made possible thanks to the second disc 134, here in stamped sheet metal, provided with housings delimited by the second supports 181 for the springs 32. The springs act on the disc 134 so that the plate 20 is mechanically arranged level with the imprint 123 which makes it possible to have a wall 130 of small thickness.

Thus, the axial size of the torsional damping flywheel can be reduced, due to the absence of a support block at the ends of the springs. Overall, the axial size of the damping flywheel is delimited by the planes P1 and P2.

The plane P1 contains the front face of the hub 18 facing the crankshaft 100, opposite the reaction plate 26, while the plane P2 contains the friction face which the reaction plate 26 dorsally presents for friction lining support concerned with the friction disc of the friction clutch to which the reaction plate 26 belongs, intended to be disengageably connected to the driven shaft via the friction disc provided with a grooved means for connection in rotation with the driven shaft .

The second disc 1, here of flat shape, constitutes an obstacle preventing the grease, generally the pasty or viscous agent, from falling radially inwards.

The second disc 134 is fixed here at its internal periphery on the plate 20. The second disc 134 extends radially above the rivets 44 and is fixed by fixing means 144 to the plate 20.

fixing means here consist of rivets, alternatively of bolts other fixing members. The rivets are regularly implanted a circumference of mean diameter generally equal to that of the circumference on which the sealing washer 56B bears, elastically deformable axially, on the internal periphery of the first disc 34 adjacent to the second mass. The washer 56B is inclined and has at its internal periphery a perforated ring for the passage of the fixing and connecting rivets 66,44.

The ring is connected by a sinuous portion to the inclined part of the washer 56B.

This sinuous portion constitutes a deflector opposite the holes 4. The reaction plate 26 is thinner than that of the prior art. This plate 26 has a clearance adapted to the shape of the first disc 34. Its thickness is increasing by going from the outer periphery to the inner periphery of its friction face. The internal periphery of the friction face 126 is extended by an internal hub 114 in which the holes 4 are made.

The internal hub 114 is crossed by the rivets 44, the bearing 28 acting between the internal hub 114 and the hub 18.

As a variant, the outer ring of the bearing 28 is welded by capacitor discharge to the internal hub 114.

As a variant, the outer ring is in one piece with the internal hub 114 belonging to a torque limiter. In this case, the reaction plate has, at its internal periphery, a ring penetrating into a groove delimited by a first flank and a bottom belonging to the external periphery of the internal hub 114, while the other flank of the groove belongs to a washer subjected to the action of an elastic washer with axial action of a shape similar to the washer 56B and fixed by the rivets 44. The washer has tabs engaged in openings of the elastic washer acting outside the damping flywheel , that is to say on the side opposite to the sealing washer 56B. Of course, the torque limiter can comprise an internal hub mounted on a bearing 28 and the internal ring of this bearing can be fixed by capacitor discharge on the hub 18 then shortened.

second disc 134 is here, radially below the second imprint, attached to the plate 20 while being in contact with the face of the plate 20 facing the web 42 and the second mass.

The axial offset of the tabs 50, relative to the main disc-shaped part of the web 42, makes it possible to create a clearance for the feet of the rivets also serving for the fixing of a crown 154 provided with counterbore for housing the heads of the rivets 144.

crown 154 is mounted in an annular groove 156 and has, at its outer periphery, at least one notch for the formation of an ignition target. As a variant, the crown 154 has a series of notches for forming a coded wheel making it possible to measure the speed of rotation of the first mass 12 and of the crankshaft 100. The notch (s) may be of closed contour. Here the slot (s) are open radially outward to define one or more protruding legs radially outward. The crown is therefore perforated to form part of a movement detection device.

Thus the crown 154 and the second disc 134 are arranged on either side of a portion of reduced thickness of the plate 20 and are fixed to said plate 20 of the rivet-shaped fixing members 144 passing through passages made in axial coincidence in the crown 154, the plate 20 and the second disc 134.

The crown 154 is embedded in the thickness of the plate 20, this or these notches being allowed to pass in front of a sensor carried here by the fixed casing of the vehicle engine.

Thanks to the invention, the number of sealing washers is reduced and there is no need to provide a plug for closing the passage holes (not referenced) by the riveting operation of the sail - washer assembly. sealing 56B on the internal hub 114, here in one piece with the reaction plate 21. wall 130 makes it possible to reduce the axial size of the damping flywheel.

grease can be deposited as in document FR-A-2 729 199.

It is possible to fix on the reaction plate, after insertion of the friction disc, a clutch mechanism more bulky axially and comprising, for example, a device for compensating for the wear of at least the friction linings of the friction disc, as described in the document FR-A-2 753 cited above.

plate 20 can be replaced by a transverse sheet metal element, the hub 1 being in this case distinct from this transverse element stamped at its external periphery to form the housing 30.

In all cases the first disc 34 has an inclined portion in the direction of the second disc 134, which is fixed to the transverse element radially below the elastic members 32 by means of fixing members 144. The crown 154 and the groove 156 also extend radially below the helical springs, internal periphery is V-shaped for support of the external periphery of sealing washer 56B.

second disc 134 creates with the web 42 a labyrinth preventing the fat from escaping.

Of course, the discs 34,134 and the veil 42 are metallic, here in stamped sheet metal and the bearing 28 forming a bearing is located above the fixing screws.

The structures can be inverted so that the bearing 28 is in an embodiment implanted radially below the fixing screws 1. It is then necessary to provide a hole in the hub 114 of the second mass 14 for access to the "fixing devices generally arranged on the circumference dies as the rivets 44 alternating therewith.

As is evident from the description of the drawings, the crown 154 is protected because it is housed in the thickness of the plate 20. The forces exerted by the elastic members 32 are transmitted by the second disc 134 to the plate 20 radially below the elastic members 32 so that the outer periphery of the plate 20 is provided, which makes it possible to reduce the axial size.

Platelets can be fixed on the legs 181 to increase the bearing surface of the springs 32.

This is possible because the second imprint 123 is delimited by the wall 130.

Claims (12)

1) Torsion damping flywheel, in particular for motor vehicles, comprising two coaxial masses (12,14) mounted angularly movable relative to one another against elastic members (32) with circumferential action, in which one (12) of the masses (12,14), called the first mass (12), is intended to be locked in rotation on a driving shaft (100) and delimits at its external periphery an annular housing (30) intended to receive the elastic members (32) with circumferential action, while the other mass (14), called the second mass (14), comprises, on the one hand, a reaction plate (26) by means of which it is intended to be locked in rotation on a driven shaft (101) and, on the other hand, a web (42) penetrating into the housing (30) of the first mass (12) and in which the housing (30) is delimited by an element transverse (20), generally of transverse orientation, belonging to the first mass (12 ), and by a first disc (34) integral with the transverse element (20) and provided with stampings (80) for the support of the circumferential ends of the elastic members (32), while the web (42), integral of second mass (14), has radial lugs (50) for action on the circumferential ends of the elastic members (32), said lugs penetrating into the space delimited by the transverse element (20) of the first mass (12) and the first disc (34), characterized in that the elastic members (32) are mounted in a second housing (281) belonging to a second disc (134) fixed on the face of the transverse element (20) facing the web (42), and in that the second housings (281) are delimited by second supports (181) for the circumferential ends of the elastic members (32), said second supports being arranged opposite the stampings (80). 2) Steering wheel according to claims, characterized in that the second disc (134) is fixed on the transverse element (20) radially below the elastic members (32) via fixing members (144). 3) Steering wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixing members (144) also fix an openwork crown (154) belonging to a movement detection device and in that the crown 54) and the second disc extend from on either side of the transverse element (20). 4) Steering wheel according to claim 3, characterized in that the crown (154) is housed in the thickness of the transverse element (20). 5) Steering wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the crown (154) is housed in a recess of the transverse element (20). 6) Steering wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that the recess consists of annular groove (156). 7) Steering wheel according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the fixing members consist of rivets (144) passing through passages made in axial coincidence in the crown (154), the plate (20) and the second disc (134). 8) Steering wheel according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the crown (154) forms an ignition target. 9) Steering wheel according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transverse element (20) consists of a plate (20) provided at its outer periphery with an imprint (123), called the second imprint, in that that elastic members (32) consist of helical springs and that springs (32) extend in axial projection relative to the second supports 81) to penetrate into the second cavity (123) of the plate (20) constituting a recess. 10) Steering wheel according to claim 9, characterized in that the second imprint (123) is delimited by a wall (130) of transverse orientation, and by an inclined portion (131). 11) Steering wheel according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the second supports (181) consist of radial lugs and the second housings (281) in notches open radially outward. 12) Steering wheel according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the housing (30) contains grease and in that the second disc (134) creates with the web (42) a labyrinth preventing grease from s 'escape.