FR2796091A1 - Load-distributing thrust plate e.g. for earth or rock-retaining long bolt is made from concrete reinforced with metal or organic fibres - Google Patents
Load-distributing thrust plate e.g. for earth or rock-retaining long bolt is made from concrete reinforced with metal or organic fibres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2796091A1 FR2796091A1 FR9908921A FR9908921A FR2796091A1 FR 2796091 A1 FR2796091 A1 FR 2796091A1 FR 9908921 A FR9908921 A FR 9908921A FR 9908921 A FR9908921 A FR 9908921A FR 2796091 A1 FR2796091 A1 FR 2796091A1
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- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- plate according
- range
- tie rod
- passage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne une plaque d'appui pour répartir sur une face d'appui de la plaque la charge ponctuelle exercée sur la plaque par un tirant. The present invention relates to a support plate for distributing on a support face of the plate the point load exerted on the plate by a tie rod.
Une application concerne notamment le cas ou cette face d'appui doit être maintenue appliquée par le tirant contre un panneau de retenue d'une formation de terre ou de roches, par exemple contre la face inclinée d'un talus, le tirant étant maintenu par friction dans la formation et la plaque étant bloquée sur le tirant par un écrou ou autre moyen de blocage. One application relates in particular to the case where this bearing face must be maintained applied by the tie rod against a retaining panel of a formation of earth or rocks, for example against the inclined face of a slope, the tie rod being held by friction in the formation and the plate being locked on the tie rod by a nut or other locking means.
Des exemples de cette application sont décrits dans les publications US 3 415 066 ; SZ 448 941 ; EP 0 377 541 ; FR 2 641 294. Examples of this application are described in US 3,415,066; SZ 448,941; EP 0 377 541; FR 2 641 294.
Les plaques connues de répartition de charge sont généralement cruciformes, à 3 ou 4 branches, le plus souvent nervurées et sont réalisées en acier ou en fonte. The known load distribution plates are generally cruciform, with 3 or 4 branches, most often ribbed and are made of steel or cast iron.
En raison de leur structure, ces plaques sont généralement épaisses, lourdes, difficiles à mouler, sensibles à la corrosion et d'un prix de revient élevé. Because of their structure, these plates are generally thick, heavy, difficult to mold, susceptible to corrosion and a high cost.
La présente invention a pour but de fournir une plaque de répartition de charge présentant des avantages sur les plaques antérieures, notamment un poids inférieur pour une résistance mécanique au moins égale, très résistante à la corrosion, d'une grande durée de vie en service, une forme plus simple et qui réalise une meilleure répartition de la charge, facile à produire par moulage selon des formes variées, résistante à l'abrasion. The present invention aims to provide a load distribution plate having advantages over the front plates, in particular a lower weight for a mechanical strength at least equal, very resistant to corrosion, a long life in service, a simpler form and which achieves a better distribution of the load, easy to produce by molding in various forms, resistant to abrasion.
La plaque de l'invention - est constituée en béton formulé pour présenter une résistance à la compression comprise dans la gamme 100MPa-250MPa et une résistance à la flexion comprise dans la gamme 12MPa-40MPa, - s'inscrit dans un cercle de diamètre compris dans la gamme 100-700mm, - présente une épaisseur moyenne comprise dans la gamme 25 à 250 mm. The plate of the invention - is made of concrete formulated to have a compressive strength in the range 100MPa-250MPa and a flexural strength in the range 12MPa-40MPa, - fits in a circle of diameter in the range 100-700mm, - has an average thickness in the range 25 to 250 mm.
On appelle résistance à la compression la résistance mesurée sur un cylindre. The resistance measured on a cylinder is called compressive strength.
On appelle résistance à la flexion la résistance mesurée sur une éprouvette de section droite 4 cm x 4 cm, de longueur 16 cm, qui subit une charge en son milieu et qui repose sur deux appuis respectivement à 6 cm à droite et à 6 cm à gauche du point d'application de la charge. Flexural strength is the resistance measured on a 4 cm x 4 cm straight section specimen with a length of 16 cm, which is loaded at its center and which rests on two supports at 6 cm on the right and 6 cm on the right. left of the load application point.
On appelle épaisseur moyenne le rapport du volume de la plaque à la surface de la plaque projetée sur le plan d'appui. The average thickness is the ratio of the volume of the plate to the surface of the projected plate on the support plane.
Dans des modes de réalisation particuliers de la plaque de l'invention, cette dernière présente encore une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes - la face d'appui de la plaque détermine une zone d'appui qui correspond sensiblement à la surface de la face d'appui autour d'un passage traversant prévu pour le tirant, - la zone d'appui constitue une surface comprise dans la gamme 60-4000 cm2, - le matériau de la plaque est un béton qui comporte des fibres métalliques ou organiques, - l'épaisseur moyenne de la plaque est comprise dans la gamme 60-100mm, - la plaque s'inscrit dans un cercle dont le diamètre est compris dans la gamme 200-500mm, - le béton de la plaque comporte des fibres. In particular embodiments of the plate of the invention, the latter still has one or more of the following characteristics - the bearing face of the plate determines a bearing zone which substantially corresponds to the surface of the face of the plate. bearing around a through passage provided for the tie rod, - the bearing zone constitutes a surface in the range 60-4000 cm2, - the material of the plate is a concrete which comprises metallic or organic fibers, - the average thickness of the plate is in the range 60-100mm, - the plate fits in a circle whose diameter is in the range 200-500mm, - the concrete of the plate has fibers.
On décrira ci-après une réalisation d'une plaque manuportable conforme à la présente invention en référence aux figures du dessin sur lequel - la figure 1 est une vue en plan du recto de la plaque ; - la figure 2 est une vue latérale de la plaque manuportable ; - la figure 3 est une vue en plan du verso de la plaque ; - la figure 4 est une vue en coupe de la plaque ; - la figure 5 est un schéma en coupe verticale d'un talus maintenu avec des plaques conformes à la présente invention, et - la figure 6 est une vue de face partielle du talus. An embodiment of a manuportable plate according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawing figures in which: - Figure 1 is a plan view of the front of the plate; - Figure 2 is a side view of the manuportable plate; - Figure 3 is a plan view of the back of the plate; - Figure 4 is a sectional view of the plate; Figure 5 is a vertical sectional diagram of an embankment maintained with plates in accordance with the present invention, and Figure 6 is a partial front view of the embankment.
La plaque représentée présente une épaisseur moyenne de 80mm et une largeur maximale de 450mm. The plate shown has an average thickness of 80mm and a maximum width of 450mm.
Elle détermine sur sa face verso (lb) une zone d'appui de contact 2 autour d'une zone centrale (3) en creux où débouche un passage (4) qui traverse obliquement la plaque et aboutit sur la face recto (la). It determines on its reverse side (lb) a contact bearing zone 2 around a central zone (3) in hollow where opens a passage (4) which crosses the plate obliquely and ends on the front face (la).
Ce passage oblique d'axe (7) sera en service traversé par une tige de tirant, la plaque retenue sur la tige par tout moyen approprié, par exemple par un écrou (non représenté) serré sur la tige contre une saillie oblique (6) formée autour du passage sur le recto de la plaque et perpendiculaire à l'axe (7), de façon connue en soi. En service, le serrage de l'écrou réalisera une pression d'application de la plaque sur la surface contre laquelle cette plaque sera en appui. This oblique shaft passage (7) will be traversed by a pull rod, the plate retained on the rod by any appropriate means, for example by a nut (not shown) clamped on the rod against an oblique projection (6). formed around the passage on the front of the plate and perpendicular to the axis (7), in a manner known per se. In use, the tightening of the nut will make a pressure of application of the plate on the surface against which this plate will be supported.
Des évents (8,9) relient l'intérieur du passage (4) à la face (la) de la plaque. Ils sont destinés l'un à injecter un coulis de mortier dans le passage autour du tirant et dans le creux (3), et l'autre à l'évacuation concomitante de l'air. Vents (8,9) connect the interior of the passage (4) to the face (1a) of the plate. They are intended one to inject a mortar slurry in the passage around the tie rod and in the hollow (3), and the other to the concomitant evacuation of air.
La plaque comporte en sous-face deux échancrures latéralement opposées (10,11) pour faciliter sa manutention. The plate has on the underside two laterally opposite notches (10,11) to facilitate its handling.
La plaque est réalisée dans un béton qui comporte des fibres métalliques et/ou de fibres organiques, avantageusement un béton tel que ceux décrits dans les publications FR 2 707 625, WO 95/01316, FR 98 02552 du 27 novembre 1998 et la demande PCT correspondante, FR 98 06092 du 14 mai 1998 et la demande PCT correspondante. The plate is made of a concrete which comprises metal fibers and / or organic fibers, advantageously a concrete such as those described in the publications FR 2 707 625, WO 95/01316, FR 98 02552 of November 27, 1998 and the PCT application corresponding to FR 98 06092 of 14 May 1998 and the corresponding PCT application.
Dans l'exemple représenté, la plaque a une forme à 8 pans. Cette forme choisie pour son esthétique n'est pas limitative de la portée de l'invention. In the example shown, the plate has an 8-sided shape. This form chosen for its aesthetics is not limited to the scope of the invention.
Les figures 5 et 6 sont relatives à l'application des plaques de l'invention au maintien d'un talus T. Le talus est maintenu par une paroi constituée par un damier de dalles jointives imbriquées D elles-mêmes maintenues par des plaques P conformes à l'invention retenues par des tirants A ancrés dans le talus. Les extrémités des tirants qui traversent les plaques sont maintenues par des écrous. Ces écrous ne sont pas visibles sur les figures, étant cachés par des capots de protection. FIGS. 5 and 6 relate to the application of the plates of the invention to the maintenance of a talus T. The slope is maintained by a wall consisting of a checkerboard of interlocking joined slabs D themselves held by P plates conforming to the invention retained by tie rods A anchored in the slope. The ends of the tie rods passing through the plates are held by nuts. These nuts are not visible in the figures, being hidden by protective covers.
L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'application qui a été décrite et n'est pas limitée à la réalisation qui a été décrite. The invention is not limited to the application which has been described and is not limited to the embodiment which has been described.
Elle s'applique également, par exemple, à la réalisation d'un ancrage au moyen d'un tirant qui traverse la plaque et auquel la plaque est fixée, par exemple comme dans l'autre application.It also applies, for example, to the achievement of an anchoring by means of a tie rod which passes through the plate and to which the plate is fixed, for example as in the other application.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9908921A FR2796091A1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 1999-07-09 | Load-distributing thrust plate e.g. for earth or rock-retaining long bolt is made from concrete reinforced with metal or organic fibres |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9908921A FR2796091A1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 1999-07-09 | Load-distributing thrust plate e.g. for earth or rock-retaining long bolt is made from concrete reinforced with metal or organic fibres |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2796091A1 true FR2796091A1 (en) | 2001-01-12 |
Family
ID=9547921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9908921A Pending FR2796091A1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 1999-07-09 | Load-distributing thrust plate e.g. for earth or rock-retaining long bolt is made from concrete reinforced with metal or organic fibres |
Country Status (1)
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FR (1) | FR2796091A1 (en) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH448941A (en) | 1966-04-22 | 1967-12-31 | Antoine Talobre Joseph | Rock wall support device |
US3415066A (en) | 1966-01-12 | 1968-12-10 | Chester I. Williams | Bearing bracket for rock bolts |
US4618290A (en) * | 1983-06-27 | 1986-10-21 | Hansen Roger M | Precast roof bearing block |
FR2641294A1 (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1990-07-06 | Intrafor | Method and device for anchoring scales for supporting an armoured soil wall |
EP0377541A1 (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1990-07-11 | Bruno Flourens | Process and apparatus for anchoring the shieldings of a reinforced-earth wall |
WO1995001316A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-12 | Bouygues | Metal fiber concrete composition for casting a concrete element, elements obtained and method of thermal curing |
FR2707625A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-20 | Bouygues Sa | Concrete mixture and concretes obtained |
US5421135A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-06-06 | Concrete Shop, Inc. | Interlocking building blocks |
FR2775566A1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-10 | Oreal | GRAPE HOLDER CUP AND PACKAGING ASSEMBLY FOR A MAKEUP PRODUCT COMPRISING SAME |
FR2778654A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-19 | Bouygues Sa | Concrete comprising organic fibers in cement matrix |
-
1999
- 1999-07-09 FR FR9908921A patent/FR2796091A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3415066A (en) | 1966-01-12 | 1968-12-10 | Chester I. Williams | Bearing bracket for rock bolts |
CH448941A (en) | 1966-04-22 | 1967-12-31 | Antoine Talobre Joseph | Rock wall support device |
US4618290A (en) * | 1983-06-27 | 1986-10-21 | Hansen Roger M | Precast roof bearing block |
FR2641294A1 (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1990-07-06 | Intrafor | Method and device for anchoring scales for supporting an armoured soil wall |
EP0377541A1 (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1990-07-11 | Bruno Flourens | Process and apparatus for anchoring the shieldings of a reinforced-earth wall |
US5421135A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-06-06 | Concrete Shop, Inc. | Interlocking building blocks |
WO1995001316A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-12 | Bouygues | Metal fiber concrete composition for casting a concrete element, elements obtained and method of thermal curing |
FR2707625A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-20 | Bouygues Sa | Concrete mixture and concretes obtained |
FR2775566A1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-10 | Oreal | GRAPE HOLDER CUP AND PACKAGING ASSEMBLY FOR A MAKEUP PRODUCT COMPRISING SAME |
FR2778654A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-19 | Bouygues Sa | Concrete comprising organic fibers in cement matrix |
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