FR2792364A1 - Mechanism used as compressor, turbine, vacuum pump or as engine with no piston, rod, nor camshaft, comprises snail-shaped rotor, and stator carrying blades - Google Patents

Abstract

Mechanism has snail-shaped rotor (1), stator (2) carrying blades (3) that slide in housing (7) defined in stator. Volume (4) defines chamber. During intake phase, mixture enters through inlet (5) and fills in chamber. Then, spark plug (40) induces explosion of mixture, oxidized and compressed gas expand, pushing rotor. When completely expanded, gas exit through outlet (6).

Description

The present invention relates to a compressor type mechanism. or

  turbine, or rotary vane pump such that the vanes only perform a reciprocating movement, the compressive force being provided by a cam with which the vanes remain in contact. Each space separating two pallets defines a chamber whose volume decreases or increases as a function of the movement of the cam, the latter then acting like a piston. Volume compressors offer better outputs than centrifugal compressors, however the latter are often more complex in design and offer low flow rates. Compressors, pumps. or vane turbines are simple in design, but their operating system based on the spacing of the vanes by centrifugal force limits their application to uses at low flow or limited rotation speed. To date, their fields of application are mainly

  fields of air conditioning and pumps for injection or hydraulic system.

  Some improvements have been made, one can cite among other patents US 4507067, EP 2653829. and EP 2653830. The first is a complex mechanism requiring a very precise control system, the following describe mechanisms that can be complex with stator sockets - rotor - stator, nevertheless a proposed assembly is interesting. The invention presented here offers improvements to this mechanism, they are a progressive compression over the entire circumference. in particular we offer a rotor better suited to this type of compressor. they are several types of pallet actuators offered. in particular actuators by pressure and magnetic attraction which do not suffer from particular conditions at start-up and have an excellent efficiency, they are the use of more efficient pallets according to criteria of overall size, of sealing between the chambers, finally they are a

  new type of engine combining performance and simplicity.

  The mechanism according to the invention is distinguished by a rotor, the cross section of which can be

  shape of a snail shell, on this slide pallets housed on the stator.

  The stator has a circular section. The rotor can be both male and female, the stator is male when the rotor is female and vice versa. The stator carries the pallets, the only movement of which is radial, entering and leaving their housing carried by the stator. Not being subjected to centrifugal force, their friction is therefore determined by the pressure they exert on the rotor and the speed of rotation thereof. Similarly, the eccentricity produced by their deployment no longer generates an increase in centrifugal force, the only remaining limitations result from their size, their inertia, the frequency of rotation, and the force which moves them. Pallets are deployed by pressure and / or attraction. It can be pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical pressure. or magnetic. Furthermore, this force and the friction it induces are generally

  less on admission and then increase with room pressure.

  The shape of the rotor makes it possible to distribute the compression between the different chambers so as to exert a bending force on the pallets which is more or less constant or increasing as desired. One or more vanes, or even none, can be used during the cycle to increase the tightness obtained by the approximation between the rotor and the stator separating the inlet from the outlet of the fluid. The separation between the chambers can be achieved by a single pallet or a set of pallets offering greater flexibility, better sealing between the chambers, as well as a reduced bulk of the mechanism, their slightly telescopic deployment allows them to be stored in a reduced space. The overall shape or distribution of the rotor masses can be made so as to place the center of inertia equivalent to the forces

  exerted on the rotor at the center of rotation.

  The mechanism according to the invention is also distinguished by its compression / expansion of volume type. The compressed or expanded fluid is contained in fixed position chambers thereby limiting the losses of kinetic energy due to the entrainment of the fluid. In fact, in a traditional vane turbine / compressor, the gas has a

  significant speed which is a function of the speed of rotation and the radius.

  The invention expels the fluid with almost zero speed, so it wastes less energy. The mechanism according to the invention makes it possible to produce compressors, turbines, and rotary vane pumps, low and high flow. The invention makes it possible to increase the compression ratio thanks to the possibility of greater eccentricity of the pallets which no longer undergo centrifugal force. The positioning of the pallets on a female stator makes it easy to increase the number and thereby subdivide the compression

  performed in as many small intermediate compressions.

  According to the particular embodiments: - the rotor can be either the central part (male part), or the enveloping part

(female part).

  - the shape of the stator, and consequently the general shape of the rotor, can be

  spherical, conical (single or double cone), or cylindrical type.

  - the admission and exit of fluids can be done in a perpendicular plane &

  the axis of rotation, in the axis of rotation, or a combination of the two.

  - The rotor can have any shape, in particular its circumference can include several compression / expansion cycles and not just one as the figures illustrate, or even include a compression phase followed by an expansion phase. This is typically the case for a diesel type turbine, the mixture is brought

  to explosion by undergoing an overpressure then it is relaxed.

  the mechanism according to the invention may have any number of spark plugs or injectors, on the rotor and / or on the stator, as well as control systems and

  they need.

  - The mechanism according to the invention can have any number of pallets possibly none, then the mechanism no longer benefits from the advantages of a

compression / volume expansion.

  - The orientation of the pallets can be oblique and not radial.

  - the shape, the material, the properties, the chemical, mechanical, or other treatments such as the soaking of the pallets or the action of magnetizing them are possible. Others

  parts, such as the rotor. can benefit from these properties and treatments.

  - The mechanism according to the invention can be provided with a pallet control system. At the cost of greater complexity, they can, among other things, provide fine control of the pressure of the vanes on the rotor, allow faster deployment of the vanes,

absorb shocks.

  - The type of pallet actuator can be one of those illustrated, by spring, by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, by pressure and / or magnetic attraction. he

  could be of another type as by piezo for example.

  - The stator can, according to some embodiment, be animated by a slight rotational movement. This moderate rotation can be sought in order to give the pallets a

  centrifugal force which contributes to deploy them.

  - According to another embodiment, the rotor can be the female part and carry the pallets. In this case the actuators exert a force providing the acceleration necessary to maintain the vanes in contact with the stator, this force must overcome the centrifugal force that the rotation produces on the vanes. In this embodiment the rotor section is cylindrical while the stator is here the part of

  snail-shell section.

  The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention: FIG. 1 represents a diagram of the device of the invention, the rotor being the part

  male. The eight blades in the diagram are actuated by springs.

  FIG. 2 represents an equivalent example to that of FIG. 1, here the number of blades is increased and their movement is ensured by pneumatic pressure. The start as well as the supply of energy to compensate for the pressure drops is made here by gas puncture

  compressed in one of the sixteen rooms.

  FIG. 3 represents an exemplary implementation where the rotor is the female part. The paddles are therefore on the stator. In the center. The paddles are actuated here by magnetic pressure. Magnetic pressure and magnetic attraction are generally associated since the magnetic source or conductive field of magnetic fields

  be attracted to any metallic object.

  Figures 4 and 5 show a possible assembly of a pallet moved by magnetic pressure. Figures 6 and 7 show another type of assembly using pressure and magnetic attraction as well as the use of a group of pallets having a telescopic deployment. At high pressures the pallets work together ensuring a tight seal while at low pressures there is no longer any

  only one of the group of pallets to ensure the separation of the two chambers.

  Referring to drawing 1, the device comprises the rotor (1) in the shape of a snail, its rotational movement is that of a watch hands. The operation corresponding to that of the diagram is a compression operation, with an inverted rotation of the rotor (1), anti-clockwise direction, intake and exhaust would be reversed, the function of the same mechanism would then be of the trigger type . The mechanism is perfectly reversible. The stator (2) carries the eight blades (3) which slide into their housing (7) arranged therein. The space delimited between two consecutive vanes on the one hand and the stator with the rotor defines a chamber (4). The fluid admitted in (5) fills the chamber (4a) here in the intake phase, once compressed this gas will be evacuated in (6). Inlet (5) and exhaust (6) rotate with the rotor, they can be part of the rotor or be on a part linked to it. It is also possible that intake and / or exhaust is on the stator, it is then necessary to use non-return valves, this solution generates some energy losses which can be avoided. After admission the pallets are in the most deployed position, thus defining the volume to be compressed. By the rotation of the rotor (1) the blades delimiting the chamber moves back while sliding on this one, the gas trapped in the chamber is compressed by the rotor at the same time as it pushes the pallets. Once admitted the gas undergoes no other effort than that of a compression similar to that of a piston, during its compression it will take no kinetic energy. The pallets (3) undergo two forces, one of delivery which is a function of the force developed by the actuator (8) to keep it deployed, the other of bending which depends on the pressure difference between its two faces. Thus, for a given compression ratio, the greater the number of pallets the lower the bending forces exerted on each of them. This gain in bending allows the use of finer paddles, therefore lighter, therefore with less inertia, which allows us to use actuators (8) developing less force. The force exerted by the actuator determines the acceleration undergone by the paddles during the intake phase. Here the actuators (8) are springs, their function is mainly to accelerate the pallets during the intake phase so that it is fully deployed at the end of intake. They also serve to keep the pallet in contact with the rotor. The curvature of the rotor determines the compression ratio but also its distribution between the different active chambers, and therefore the bending force which the

pallets & every moment.

  With reference to drawing 2 we find the same device as in drawing 1. namely in (1) the rotor. in (2) the stator. in (3) the pallets. in (4) the bedrooms. in (5) the inlet or inlet, in (6) the outlet or exhaust, in (7) the pallet guide, in (8) the actuator which is here the pneumatic pressure. The pallets (3) move in their guides (7) like jacks. The pneumatic pressure is supplied by means of the valve (9) whose ball held in position by a spring makes it possible to take pressurized gas from the corresponding chamber. This consumption compensates for the pressure drop due to the pallets, and allows the pallets to be pressurized alone. The groove (10) carries the pressure to each pallet. The pressure exerted by the paddles corresponds to the pressure in the groove (10), the part (11) which pursues the guide (7) serves to increase the pressure which will accelerate the blade on admission. The gas will be compressed there during the retraction of the pallet giving an overpressure to the pressure of

throat reference (10).

  Referring to drawing 3 we find the rotor (1) in female part while the stator (2) is in the center, the vanes (3) are on the stator (2) and slide in the

  guides (7). in (4) the chambers, in (5) the intake, and in (6) the exhaust.

  the actuator (8) proceeds here by magnetic pressure and magnetic attraction. The efficiency of this type of mechanism is better and does not suffer from a pressure drop problem or starting problem. The magnetic actuator (8) consists of two opposing magnet half-cylinders held by an iron or steel ring. In the center an iron core collects the field lines, here North, the outer ring of (8) being polarized South. The stator is made of aluminum or bronze, preferably a non-ferrous metal. the rotor is made of steel. The pallets (3) are either magnetized, or fixed to magnets, or else in contact with the South pole of magnets. The paddles being in magnetic opposition with the actuator (8) they are subjected to a pressure which moves them away, moreover the rotor being made of steel the paddles are attracted to it and tend to keep in contact. To compensate for the inertia due to the eccentric shape of the rotor. but also to compensate for the forces exerted on the rotor, the mass of the rotor can be distributed in such a way that it places the center of inertia equivalent to

  the set of forces it undergoes on the axis of rotation.

  With reference to drawings 4 and 5. The latter offer another possibility concerning the control of the pallets, here they are moved by magnetic pressure. The magnetic pressure has the advantage of being very strong at short distance then weak, while the magnetic attraction is it almost constant. These properties allow us to create a strong acceleration during the intake phase and then keep the vanes in contact with the rotor during rotation. We find the rotor (1) in male part, the stator (2) in female part, the pallet (3), in (7) the guide of the pallet. (23) the body of the pallet made of metal or non-magnetic alloy which is fixed to the stator of circular section (2). (21) and (22) are the magnets which generate the magnetic pressure providing a strong acceleration in the intake phase in diagram 4, if we consider the mechanism with a compression function the rotor (1) then turning in the direction of Clockwise. In turbine function, the mechanism would then have completed the evacuation of the expanded gases. Drawing 5 shows section AA of the body of

  the palette (23) of figure (4) with the same notations.

  With reference to drawings 6 and 7. these illustrate another choice of blades also moved by pressure and magnetic attraction. We find the rotor (1) in male part and stator in female part (2) on which the pallet body (36) is fixed. Here the pallet body is hollowed out so as to reduce the compression effect when the pallets are removed. This pneumatic pressure can be sought as well as being considered undesirable. Instead of having a pallet, here is a combination of several pallets. in this case 3. The advantages of this arrangement are manifold. The magnetic pressure tends to deploy the metal pallets (31). (32). and (33). however, the outer pallets (31) and (33) cannot be fully deployed, otherwise the magnetic flux they carry is reduced, it is the pallet (32), in the center, which is free to move more off-center. In order to reduce the spreading forces of the pallets (31) and (33) the pallet (33) is provided with one or more lugs which keep (31) at a distance, in this way the magnetic flow remains maximum in addition to their positioning respective remaining constant the pallet (32) will return to its housing without incident. These magnetic properties allow a telescopic deployment of the pallets, Figure 6 shows them in the maximum deployment position, the pallet (32) is here completely removed from its housing, it is maintained by the pressure of attraction of the pallets (31) and ( 33) which hold it in order to facilitate the magnetic flow which they convey. Thus the mechanism achieves an appreciable gain in volume. Another advantage of this type of multi-blade assembly is the better contact between the vanes and the rotor. The slope of the rotor surface is very

  variable which induces a very narrow contact area between the pallet and the rotor.

  The combination of several pallets means that they work like segments on a piston and thus achieve better sealing between the chambers. In addition their association makes them gain in finesse and therefore flexibility and resistance. The parts (34) and (35) are the magnets, in this example they are in opposition at the pallets and in alternating opposition. Figure 6 they are North pole against North pole, the preceding and following sets of pallets are in South - South opposition, thus the force of attraction is better. (37) represents the lines of magnetic fields which cross the pallets to go towards the pallets surrounding them, of opposite polarity. Figure 7 shows the paddles in a more advanced state of compression / expansion. An advantage of this configuration is that the pallets work together at high pressures, figure 7, and are deployed at low pressures, figure 6. With reference to drawing 8, we illustrate here a possibility offered by this invention, in this case an assembly of the internal combustion engine type. The turbine can stretch a homogeneous fluid as well as a fluid resulting from combustion. Figure 8 illustrates an indicative turbine with an ignition system exploding the mixture admitted at the inlet. The expansion of the oxidized products is then carried out according to one of the preceding arrangements. This type of assembly offers immense advantages compared to traditional engines and explosion, namely that they no longer require the pistons - connecting rods - crankshaft combinations. The rotational movement happens to be continuous with no dead center on the motors & pistons, so it provides significant energy savings due to the fact that there is no more energy consumption nor kinetic energy losses and mechanical due to pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, shaft & cams, valves. Piston engines keep an incompressible volume determined by the top dead center, this volume promotes fouling of the cylinders and spark plugs and impairs the complete discharge of combustion products. Here all the burnt gases are entirely expelled with almost zero kinetic energy, moreover the admission

  being distinct from the exhaust, the mixture admitted at the inlet is pure of oxidized residues.

  The principle of the engine & piston makes that the pistons cumulate all the spots during successive times, one of the consequences is to harm the performances of each of its functions (aspiration. Compression, explosion - trigger, ejection) and to considerably increase the volume motor as well as displacements therefore friction. Here the two main compression and expansion functions are dissociated, which allows each of them to be optimized. If we take the example of compression. The piston which has just carried out the explosion is hot, the air which it sucks in is heated before it makes its adiabatic compression. This process is the worst it can be in terms of energy cost, the hotter the air the more its cost of compression increases. In contrast, the turbine shown in Figure 8 achieves only the explosion followed by expansion, the compression function is assumed by a specialist compressor (s) of the type that we describe in this patent, for example, so we we can achieve staged compressions where the compressed air at room temperature is cooled as it heats up o other very significant savings in terms of energy, therefore consumption. This separation of functions makes it possible to obtain a much more homogeneous oxidant-fuel mixture. The friction surfaces are particularly reduced to a minimum, only a palette makes it possible to delimit a chamber, from which surfaces and reduced friction trajectories. On the other hand, for at least one piston to start in an engine & explosion it is necessary to drive the four pistons, ie a minimum of four complete cycles of expansion compression. In the example given in FIG. 8, a twelfth of a turn is necessary, a twelfth of a turn for which the efforts made are less. Thus starting can be assumed with very little energy, it allows among other things to save an electric starter, a simple compressed air tank is enough to start the turbine. The engine volume is particularly condensed, since it is much lower than the sum of the usual four cylinders, the overall volume is even lower than one of the cylinders composing an engine & explosion. A final comparison with internal combustion engines is that the turbine cannot start in the opposite direction as can happen with a piston engine. To complete the enumeration of the advantages of the invention, the fact that the vanes are integral with the stator gives the mechanism a considerable advantage as an engine & explosion. Indeed, if the vanes were on the rotor, the pallet separating the intake chambers from that which has just undergone the explosion would exert a significant force opposed to the movement of the rotor, the intake pressure being lower than the pressure after explosion. This would result in a considerable loss of energy. The mechanism according to the invention has fixed vanes so that both the intake pressure and the pressure after explosion contribute to the rotation of the rotor. There is an exact similarity here with the characteristics of the engines & piston. The summary of the advantages brought by this mechanism are a motor with a singularly simplified functioning, a less number of parts, less heavy and less bulky parts. specialized parts reducing displacements to the minimum necessary o considerable gains in terms of volume, mass, engine manufacturing cost, friction, and consumption. This type of turbine will make powerful and very flexible, light and economical engines. We thus find this example illustrated with the stator (2) in male part, and the rotor (1) in female part, each set of pallets is here three in number (31), (32), and (33), they play the role of the segments in a piston engine. The chamber (4) is in the ignition or explosion phase. Depending on whether it is a petrol or diesel engine, the part (40) is a spark plug and / or an injector. Here the candle is on the rotor, which limits its number & only one candle for any number of chambers. It is possible to put the candles / sprinklers on each room on the stator side which considerably increases their number. The ignition can be achieved by several candles to improve combustion. The oxidizer or the mixture enters through the inlet (6) the explosion is obtained in the chamber (4) facing the candle (40), then follows the joint decompression of the chambers. The diesels may have a compression part before the expansion phase in order to ensure the explosion of the mixture, this increase in pressure can also be obtained using the nozzle (40). The choice of palettes represented here differs slightly from the previous ones. There are three but the palette of

  center is larger than the others so as to be better held in the deployed phase.

  Its size, when it approaches or exceeds the radius of the stator. determines the number of pallets it grows in the folded position, and therefore the fraction of the width available to each of them. Here all the pallets are polarized South in contact with

  magnets (34) and (35) also their approximation of the center creates forces of repulsion.

  Unlike compressors, turbines do not require strong acceleration of the vanes. In the center a bore (41) allows the circulation of oil which can combine the functions of working fluid by pressing the paddles, lubricant by promoting the sliding of the paddles. of a thermal vehicle by cooling the vanes and the stator from the inside, controlling the vanes when an internal part in the bore (41) which can be secured to the rotor makes it possible to apply different pressures to the rear of the vanes. The pallets being pressed during the relaxation phase and then attracted

  in order to re-enter them in the stator during the exhaust of the gases.

  According to variants not illustrated, the pallets can have an angle inclined by

relative to the radius of the stator.

  According to variants not illustrated, the rotor may have any cross section by its dimensions or its shape. It can be other than in the form of a snail shell. For example, the rotor may have a number of compression / expansion steps on the section. It could also consist of an eccentric circle with respect to the

stator circle.

  According to variants not illustrated, the rotor can have any shape. By way of nonlimiting examples, it can be of the cylindrical type, but also conical or bi

  conical, or even spherical, and the stator with its corresponding shape.

  According to variants not illustrated, the pallets can have shapes other than planar. By way of nonlimiting examples, when the stator is conical they will be pointed, they can be ribbed so as to increase their resistance to

bending for high pressures.

  According to variants not illustrated, the movements of the pallets can be ensured

  by means other than those presented.

  According to variants not illustrated, the lateral parts not shown in the figures can be linked to the stator as to the rotor. They can be ribbed so

  to serve as a guide for the vanes on their stator part.

  According to variants not illustrated, the intake and the exhaust can be arranged differently. By way of nonlimiting example, they can be produced in the rotor of

  way & take place over the entire width of the rotor.

  According to variants not illustrated, the mechanism can have any number of

  pallets. The case with no pallet corresponds to a centrifugal mechanism.

  According to variants not illustrated, the mechanism can have pallet actuators provided with a control system, or actuators modulating their force or exerting a force which can be reversed. By way of nonlimiting example, pallets driven by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure can be pushed during their deployment phase and then attracted during their retraction phase. The pressure exerted by the pallet on the rotor, by the force of the actuator, can be modulated according to the pressure of the

fluid contained in the chamber.

  According to variants not illustrated, the mechanism can have any number of

  candles and / or sprinklers. They can be on the rotor as well as on the stator.

  According to variants not illustrated, the mechanism can have a

  external combustion preceding the admission of the turbine.

  According to variants not illustrated, the mechanism can have a cooling system, or on the contrary a heating system in order to achieve detents of the type

isotherms, for example.

  According to variants not illustrated, the group of pallets sliding in their housing (7) can have pallets with complementary functions. By way of nonlimiting example, this group may include pallets favoring lateral sealing, for example by being made up of two movable parts repelling themselves by springs, and others favoring radial sealing. It is also possible to design some

  of them so as to allow better lubrication of the assembly.

  According to variants not illustrated, the nature and shape of the parts forming the housing (7) may be such as to limit friction and to promote the lubrication of

moving parts.

  According to variants not shown, the separation of the intake and the exhaust can implement more complex systems. By way of nonlimiting example, in order to ensure sealing between these two parts by compensating for the clearances necessary for the proper functioning of the rotating parts and those induced by the expansion due to heating, the rotor may have moving parts making check valve effect. This part puts pressure on the stator by separating admission and exhaust then it flattens with the passage of the pallet. It can look like some sort of

  lip seal conforming to the shape of the rotor when passing a pallet.

  According to variants not illustrated, the vanes can be on the rotor, in fact the invention has its own characteristics which differentiate it from existing techniques in the fields of vane compressors, vane turbines, or vacuum pumps. We can cite its snail shell shape. the association of several pallets, the means acting on the pallets for the purposes of acceleration / deceleration or pressure, the use of an ignition or injection system which makes the turbine an engine. This inversion of the pallet support results in the effect deemed negative for medium or large mechanisms, the deployment force of the pallets is produced by the centrifugal force they undergo, this force increases with the speed of rotation and size. However for small

  elements this choice can be judicious and economical in design.

  According to variants not illustrated, the mechanism can have a specific cooling system. The rotation of the rotor in a fresh air is a first simple means, it can be supplemented by an assembly. It should be noted that the very shape of the rotor associated with a casing can constitute a ventilation or compression element which can be associated with this thermal regulation function. The movement of the rotor and its shape create a circulation of fresh air cooling the engine. This example is not limiting the cooling system is optional, it can supplement this

  natural disposition of the invention or be conceived entirely otherwise.

  The mechanism according to the invention is particularly intended for functions of the compressor, turbine, vacuum pump type. These volume properties give it good thermodynamic and mechanical efficiency. This invention is particularly well suited to uses requiring high rotational speeds or high flow rates thanks to the fact that the pallets undergo only a back and forth movement. Only the rotor exerts

  working like a piston along the radial axis.

  It is particularly suitable for applications of the motor type, of which it will considerably reduce consumption, but also the size, and the production cost. This invention makes it possible to produce engines which benefit from the combined advantages of gas turbines and explosion engines. It has an excellent efficiency like gas turbines. Its operation, similar to that of engines & piston, eliminates parts of complex design whose operation requires significant energy consumption such as pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, valves, and camshaft, it does not introduce only one complex part, the rotor. In addition, the separation of the oxidant mixture - fuel, compression, and expansion phases optimizes each of these stages. The invention provides very good

  solution to the mixing - compression and explosion - expansion phases.

Claims (8)

  1) Compressor type mechanism. pump & vacuum, impeller (and motor) with vanes characterized in that the vanes are on a part of circular section and that   the complementary part has a snail shell section.   2) Mechanism & paddles allowing to carry out actions of compression, aspiration.   or trigger characterized by the fact that two consecutive chambers are separated by a pallet, that the pallets are carried by the stator, that the rotor has a section of the type snail shell.   3) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   the rotor is the male part and the stator the female part, or the rotor is part   female and the stator the male part.   4) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   each chamber (4) is delimited by any number of working pallets   together, or that these have a telescopic deployment.   ) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   the volume between the stator and the rotor defines a single chamber without a pallet.   6) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   the stator or rotor is cylindrical, spherical, conical or bi conical.   7) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   the mechanism is provided with at least one injector, or at least one spark plug, and systems   proper to the control and supply of each of them.   8) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   that it has a cooling or heating system. internal or external.   9) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   the accelerations / decelerations given to the paddles are produced by means of applying magnetic pressure. electrostatic means. means   mechanical, pneumatic means, or hydraulic means.   ) Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   that the section includes a compression phase and an expansion phase, or more   compression / expansion phases on a section.