FR2786460A1 - "FLAT ANCHOR" TYPE ANCHOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The marine anchor comprises two coplanar flukes (1,2) either side the shank (3). The fluke points extend to the free front end of the shank on which the anchor chain is fixed. The fluke heels (4) are connected to a rectangular tubular section (5) forming part of a heavy rocker (6) and to a rod (7) passing perpendicularly through the section. These constitute an assembly in which the rear end (8) of the shank can articulate around the rod. The heavy rocker comprises a set of tie rods (12,13) and struts (14) forming the edges of a pyramid structure (15) leaving totally free spaces (16,17) between the tubular section and the rear ends (18,19) of the structure.

Description

"FLAT ANCHOR" TYPE ANCHOR

  TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

  As with all ships, the fitting out of a pleasure boat must in particular include an anchor, the purpose of which is to hang on

  at the bottom of the sea so as to constitute a point of restraint.

  Given the constraints of space, lightness and cost that must meet this armament, without sacrificing

  efficiency, so-called "flat anchors" have been used for a long time.

  These include, arranged symmetrically on either side of the penis, two coplanar legs, also called shovels, the heels of which are connected to a rocking mass to form an assembly on which the rear end of the said hinge is articulated. penis and whose points extend towards the free anterior end of the penis which comprises the organ on which is

  fixes the flexible link, chain or hawser, connecting the anchor to the ship.

  These anchors, which are suitable for both sandy bottoms, because of the size of the active surfaces of their shovels, and for rocky bottoms, due to the sharp points of their shovels, have known

  many improvements since their appearance.

  In particular, the French patent application FR-A-

  2457801, published December 26, 1980, describes an anchor of this type whose legs have a general shape reminiscent of that of a Francisque. This geometry

  particular further promotes the holding of the anchor in soft bottoms.

  In order to solve the problems of congestion, the French patent application FR-A-2690410, published on October 29, 1993, describes a removable marine anchor comprising legs similar to those described in the application FR-A-2457801. A particular design of the rocking frame makes it possible to easily assemble or disassemble the legs, the rod and the jas. The jas extends laterally from the legs at the roots of their heels, and serves as an axis

of articulation with the rod.

  In the two aforementioned French patent applications, the rocker base of the anchor is produced in the form of a dihedron whose two faces are solid, trapezoidal and symmetrical with respect to the plane defined by the two shovels. This massif therefore constitutes a shoulder which, as soon as it is retained by an asperity of the sandy bottom, helps by its shape to tilt

  shovels and taking them in the bottom.

  We also know that the more we sink into this bottom, the more we access a dense and consistent material, therefore more resistant to sliding and stalling of the anchor. The shape of the shovels then advantageously contributes to a good grip of the anchor since their active surfaces are

  as close to the points, therefore as deep as the ground in its consistent part.

  Other embodiments of the rocker frame, making it possible to mount the removable elements of the anchor, are known from the state of the art. American patent US-A-4763597, published on August 16, 1988, describes a solid block in the form of a parallelepiped box, comprising inside means for fixing the legs integral with the jas and the rod. The removable anchor described in American patent US-A-5005508, published on April 9, 1991, comprises a solid mass made of a single

metal tube section.

  According to the state of the art recalled above, numerous improvements have made anchors of the "flat anchor" type effective, since they are those which offer the best grips in sandy bottoms,

  and for some of them, not bulky because their jas is generally short.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

  The present invention aims to optimize the production of a marine anchor, efficient, light and simple, by developing all the

  criteria favoring deep penetration.

  More specifically, it relates to a marine anchor of the "flat anchor" type, comprising, arranged symmetrically on either side of the rod, two coplanar legs whose points extend towards the free anterior end of the rod which includes the member on which the link is fixed

  flexible, chain or hawser, connecting the anchor to the ship.

  According to additional known characteristics of this type of anchor, the heels of the legs are connected on the one hand to a tubular section of rectangular section forming part of a rocker frame and, on the other hand, to a rod perpendicularly crossing this profiled right through to form an assembly in which the posterior end of the penis is articulated around the stem. The essential characteristic of the marine anchor according to the invention is that the rocker frame further comprises a set of tie rods and spacers forming the edges of a pyramidal structure integral with the tubular profile and leaving free passages between said profile and the ends

rear of said structure.

  Such passages favor the burial of the anchor, the shovels of which can thus penetrate even deeper into the bottom and reach even more consistent zones, hence improving the

holding the anchor after catching it.

  Preferably, the tie rods and spacers are full

or sufficiently rigid.

  An additional characteristic of the anchor according to the invention is that the front edges of the faces of the profile parallel to the plane of the legs are set back with respect to the front edges of the faces of the profile adjacent to said legs and are located at such a distance from the rod that the opening angle of the penis relative to the legs is limited to a given value,

preferably 30.

  Very advantageously, the general shape of the legs recalls that of a francisque which would have the rod for handle, or axis of symmetry. According to yet other characteristics of the anchor according to the invention, the outer front parts of the legs are sharpened and the rod is profiled, having a cross section whose dimension in a direction parallel to the rod is less than the dimension in the orthogonal direction. Such a construction of the legs, on the one hand, of the penis on the other hand contributes this time

  still favor the burial of the anchor.

  According to an alternative embodiment of the anchor according to the invention, the rod constituting the axis of articulation of the rod overflows

  laterally the roots of the heels of the shovels, to form a jas.

  An additional characteristic of the anchor in accordance with the above variant is that the rear ends of the pyramidal structure are seen from each end of the jas at a slight angle

  opening, preferably 30.

  Preferably, the material used to make the anchor is steel or an aluminum alloy or a plastic material and, very advantageously, the tie rods and the spacers are welded together.

  and on said profile, or rigidly linked together.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

  Figure la is a top view of a first

  variant of the marine anchor according to the invention, having a short jas.

  Figure lb is a top view of a second

variant without jas.

  Figure 2 is a top view of the rear part of the anchor of Figure la or lb. Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a side view

  and a back view of the same part.

  Figure 5 is a perspective view of the part

  back of the jas anchor shown in Figure la.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

  The references to Figures la and lb will serve to

  explain the different features of the invention.

  The two embodiments of the anchor shown have two legs 1 and 2, also called shovels, planes and coplanar,

  articulated on a rod 3 constituting an axis of symmetry for these legs.

  The two tabs are integral with one another by their heels 4, which are connected on the one hand to a tubular profile 5 of rectangular section which partly acts as a rocking frame 6 and on the other hand to a rod 7 crossing right through the profile 5 to form an assembly on which is articulated, around the rod 7, the rear end 8 of the rod 3. The tubular profile 5 thus constitutes a kind of cage into which is introduced the posterior end 8 of the rod 3. This profile is either a section of tube of rectangular section, or obtained by the meeting of four plates arranged in pairs and welded together. The tips 9 and 10 of the shovels 1 and 2 are turned towards the other end 11 of the rod which receives the

chain link.

  The rocker block 6, in addition to the tubular profile 5, consists of a set of tie rods 12, 13 and spacers 14 forming the edges of a pyramidal structure 15 integral with this profile 5 and leaving free passages 16, 17 between it and the rear ends 18, 19 of the structure, as shown in detail in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5. The lateral spacers 14 are

  advantageously curved and of concavity turned towards the back of the anchor.

  y5- 2786460 The longitudinal tie rods 13 are welded on the one hand to the front of the lateral faces 20, 21 of the profile 5 and on the other hand to lateral spacers 14 welded to the rear of these same lateral faces 20, 21. The transverse tie rods 12 connect the longitudinal tie rods 13 and the lateral spacers 14

on each side between them.

  In addition to ensuring sufficient resistance to the entire anchor, the transverse tie rods 12 contribute to a good frontal tilt. It is indeed one or the other of these two tie rods 12 which will trigger the tilting of the anchor forward and its burial in the bottom as soon as it goes

be held back by an asperity.

  The space 16 or, depending on, 17 left free between the transverse tie rod 12 bearing on the seabed and the rear of the profile 5 facilitates the penetration of the anchor into the bottom. Indeed, thanks to this mesh pyramid structure, the rocking mass retains its primary function of contributing to the tilting of the shovels, but it does not have the disadvantage of presenting a master

  significant couple opposing its sinking.

  In addition, the anchor is also lightened compared to the embodiments of the prior art in which the solid mass was constituted by an assembly of solid plates. The center of gravity of the anchor according to the invention is therefore moved somewhat forward, relative to an anchor in all identical points except for its rocker mass whose faces are full, and, as a result simple fact, its tilting is easier and its grip in the bottom is faster. Such a grip is also improved relative to the anterior anchor insofar as its rocking mass can now burrow into the bottom, allowing the active surfaces of the legs 1, 2 to penetrate more deeply the area of said bottom in which matter is

  consistent and consistent, therefore more resistant.

  The faces 22, 23 of the profile 5 parallel to the plane of the lugs 1, 2 have front edges 24, 25 set back from the edges

  anterior 26, 27 of the side faces 20, 21 adjacent to said legs.

  The travel of the rod 3 around the rod 7 is thus limited by the stops formed by these front edges 24, 25 which are

  advantageously chamfered so as to constitute a bearing face for the rod.

  This movement is of the order of 30 on either side of the plane of the legs 1, 2.

  In the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figure la, the rod 7, on which are welded the roots of the heels 4 of the legs 1 and 2, has a length greater than the total width thereof. It therefore extends laterally from the heels, and consequently plays the role of a jas. In this variant, the axis constituting the articulation of the rod 3 relative to the massif

  and the jas are thus confused.

  A compromise is achieved between a lateral stability of the anchor which is desired to be significant, ensured by a long jas, and a space requirement of the anchor which is all the more reduced the shorter the jas. The ideal length of the jas will in fact depend on the height of the rocking frame 6 which must be large enough to favor the longitudinal tilting of the legs, but small enough not to hinder the burial and to avoid the lateral tilting of the legs, in which case differential penetration would cause

less hold of the anchor.

  The relative dimensions of the tie rods 12 and 13, the spacers 14 and the jas 7 having given the best results are such that the rear ends 18, 19 of the pyramidal structure 15 are seen from each end 28, 29 of the jas 7 under a angle of small aperture, of the order of. In the second embodiment of the invention, the rod 7 is used more simply to reinforce the fixing of the roots of the heels 4 of the legs 1 and 2 on the rocker mass 6 and of axis of rotation to the rod 3. It has no effect on the stability of the anchor, but the assembly takes up the most space

reduced possible.

  In both cases, as shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the anchors according to the invention advantageously have a general shape reminiscent of that of a francisque, whose handle, or axis of symmetry,

would be constituted by the rod 3.

  This form, which is in no way limiting since the particularity of the invention is located at the passages 16, 17 created in the rocking mass, has, as we know, the advantage of helping to give the anchors a

  better grip and better stability.

  Still with the aim of further promoting the sinking into the bottom of this type of anchor in the shape of a francisque, the

  front anterior 30 and 31 of the legs 1 and 2 are advantageously sharpened.

  For the same purpose, the rod 3 is profiled, as shown schematically in Figure 4, representing the rocking mass 6 seen from the rear, and inside the rear end 8 of the rod 3. The general shape of the cross section of the rod 3 is that of a rhombus or a rectangle whose angles are

advantageously cut.

  The anchors are built in A36 steel or aluminum alloy or in plastic. The tie rods and spacers are:, T z 2786460 preferably solid rods, or at least sufficiently rigid, bent according to the

  suitable shape, and welded or securely bonded together.

  It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, given by way of example; she kisses, at

  on the contrary, all possible variants of embodiments.

Claims (9)

  1) Marine anchor of the "flat anchor" type, comprising, arranged symmetrically on either side of the rod (3), two coplanar legs (1, 2) whose points (9, 10) extend towards the 'anterior end (11) free of said rod (3) comprising the member on which is fixed the flexible link, chain or hawser, connecting the anchor to the ship, and whose heels (4) are connected on the one hand to a tubular profile (5) of rectangular cross section forming part of a rocking frame (6) and on the other hand to a rod (7) passing perpendicularly through said profile (5) right through to constitute an assembly in which the posterior end (8) of the rod (3) is articulated around the rod (7), characterized in that the rocker block (6) comprises a set of tie rods (12, 13) and spacers (14) forming the edges of a pyramidal structure (15) integral with the profile (5) and leaving free passages (16, 17) between said profile (5)   and the rear ends (18, 19) of said structure (15).   2) Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that   that the tie rods (12, 13) and the spacers (14) are full.   3) An anchor according to any one of claims 1   or 2, characterized in that the front edges (24, 25) of the faces (22, 23) of the profile (5) parallel to the plane of the legs (1, 2) are set back relative to the front edges (26, 27) faces (20, 21) of the profile (5) adjacent to said legs and are located at a distance such from the rod (7) that the opening angle of the penis (3) relative to said legs (1, 2) is limited to a given value, preferably 30.   4) An anchor according to any one of claims 1 to   3, characterized in that the general shape of the legs (1, 2) recalls that of a   francisque which would have for handle, or axis of symmetry, the rod (3).   ) An anchor according to any one of claims 1 to   4, characterized in that the external front parts (30, 31) of the tabs (1, 2) are sharp.   6) An anchor according to any one of claims 1 to   , characterized in that the rod (3) is profiled, having a cross section whose dimension in a direction parallel to the rod (7) is less than the   dimension in the orthogonal direction.   7) An anchor according to any one of claims 1 to   6, characterized in that the tie rods (12, 13) and the spacers (14) are welded between   them and on the profile (5) or rigidly linked together.   8) An anchor according to any one of claims 1 to   7, characterized in that the rod (7) constituting the axis of articulation of the penis (3) laterally projects beyond the roots of the heels (4) of the legs (1, 2) in order to constitute a jas.   9) Anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that the rear ends (18, 19) of the pyramidal structure (15) are seen from each end (28, 29) of the jas (7) at an angle of small opening, preferably 30.   ) An anchor according to any one of claims 1   to 9, characterized in that the material used for its production is steel or   an aluminum alloy or a plastic material.