EP2088112A1 - Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches - Google Patents

Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2088112A1
EP2088112A1 EP08300079A EP08300079A EP2088112A1 EP 2088112 A1 EP2088112 A1 EP 2088112A1 EP 08300079 A EP08300079 A EP 08300079A EP 08300079 A EP08300079 A EP 08300079A EP 2088112 A1 EP2088112 A1 EP 2088112A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
branches
diverging
flat
anchor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08300079A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marcel Arteon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP08300079A priority Critical patent/EP2088112A1/en
Priority to PL09709462T priority patent/PL2252539T3/en
Priority to PT09709462T priority patent/PT2252539E/en
Priority to DK09709462.7T priority patent/DK2252539T3/en
Priority to EP09709462A priority patent/EP2252539B1/en
Priority to NZ587346A priority patent/NZ587346A/en
Priority to BRPI0905954-7A priority patent/BRPI0905954A2/en
Priority to ES09709462T priority patent/ES2388989T3/en
Priority to JP2010545541A priority patent/JP5504448B2/en
Priority to KR1020107019969A priority patent/KR101580940B1/en
Priority to CA2714270A priority patent/CA2714270C/en
Priority to US12/865,425 priority patent/US8353133B2/en
Priority to AU2009213917A priority patent/AU2009213917B2/en
Priority to MX2010008705A priority patent/MX2010008705A/en
Priority to PCT/FR2009/050207 priority patent/WO2009101353A1/en
Priority to RU2010136358/11A priority patent/RU2500607C2/en
Priority to CN200980104524.2A priority patent/CN101939245B/en
Publication of EP2088112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2088112A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
    • B66C1/666—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for connection to anchor inserts embedded in concrete structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a handling anchor for construction elements such as prefabricated blocks and panels, in particular made of concrete or composite material, intended to be secured to a construction element to facilitate its gripping, with a view to its displacement.
  • An anchor of this type commonly used is a dovetail anchor.
  • It consists of a flat part whose upper part defines a fastening head which provides a connection between the construction element and a handling machine intended to move it, the central part defines a body and the lower part a foot.
  • the body and the foot of the anchor are intended to be immersed within the material constituting the building panel and to adhere thereto so that the anchor and the building element form a transportable unitary unit.
  • the dovetail shape is defined by the foot of the anchor which comprises two branches diverging relative to each other in the opposite direction to the lifting, which define two bearing surfaces for the parts of the panel located above these branches, and thus some anchoring ability.
  • the invention aims to overcome this drawback.
  • the invention relates to a handling anchor of construction elements, such as concrete panels, formed from at least one flat, comprising an upper attachment part to a handling machine, s' extending along a main plane (P) and a lower part intended to anchor in the construction element, this lower part comprising two branches diverging in the direction of the lower end of the anchor and extending outside the main plane (P) and forming between them a predetermined angle ( ⁇ ).
  • the anchor comprises at least one flat portion connecting to one another the two branches to maintain the predetermined angle ( ⁇ ) between these two branches.
  • it comprises two flat portions each integral with the lower end of a diverging branch, these two flat portions converging towards one another in the direction of the lower end of the anchor and being in contact with each other along their lower edges and defining converging branches for maintaining the predetermined angle ( ⁇ ).
  • the two converging branches are secured to one another by their lower edges.
  • the anchor is formed from two flats, each comprising consecutive portions separated two by two by fold lines and defining a head portion, a divergent branch and a holding branch, the first and the second flats being arranged back to back.
  • the anchor is formed from a single flat part comprising consecutive parts separated in pairs by fold lines and defining a first head portion, a first divergent branch, a first holding branch, a first second holding branch, a second diverging branch and a second leading part.
  • it comprises, interposed between the head and the diverging branches, two opposite flat portions diverging with respect to each other towards the end of the anchor forming active facets which, when the anchor is secured to the construction element, ensure the adhesion thereof to the building material.
  • it may comprise, interposed between the active facets and the divergent branches of the intermediate facets converging towards each other towards the end of the anchor or parallel to each other.
  • the diverging branches are inclined relative to the main plane (P) by an angle of between 45 ° and 80 °.
  • the two active branches and the two holding arms can define a rectangular contour, preferably square.
  • the active branches each comprise a portion inclined relative to the main plane (P) by an angle substantially equal to 70 °, and a vertical portion parallel to the main plane (P), consecutive to the inclined portion, the holding legs each extending from a vertical portion.
  • the two flat portions forming the head are pressed against each other and comprise holes for the passage of a lifting ring.
  • the two flat portions forming the head are spaced apart from each other, the anchor comprising for example a cylindrical head interposed between the two flat portions.
  • the anchor devices according to the invention have been designed to allow handling, including lifting, of building elements such as prefabricated concrete blocks or panels.
  • the figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an anchor according to the invention generally designated by the reference 11.
  • It comprises a head portion 1, a portion 16 forming the body of the anchor and a portion 17 forming the foot.
  • the anchor 11 with the exception of the head 1 which remains outside the material of the construction element and is adapted to be attached to a handling machine, is intended to be embedded in the constituent material of the construction element whose anchor is intended to facilitate handling.
  • this element of construction can be a slab or a concrete panel 19 and the head 1 of the anchor is accessible from a free edge 21 of the panel 19 within which has been practiced a recess 22 or "reservation" authorizing the passing of the head 1 of the anchor, while the body 16 and the foot 17 of the anchor are immersed in the concrete.
  • the anchor 11 according to the figure 1 is made from two identical flats 12a, 12b, that is to say two rigid strips for example of metal whose thickness is small relative to the width, which are each folded to define an active branch extending off the main plane of the flat.
  • Each flat is disposed in the panel so that its width is in the direction of the thickness of the panel.
  • the diverging branches define active faces 15a, 15b which, combined with the developed surface of the flat part, make it possible to urge the concrete both for adhesion and shearing at the anchorages generated by the facets.
  • these branches 13a, 13b define during lifting, a compression cone centered on the main plane of the anchor, whose apex is located towards the foot of the anchor and whose the base extends around the head of the anchor.
  • the amplitude of the base of the compression cone is all the more important that the inclination ⁇ of a branch 13a, 13b is close to 45 °, and even lower than this inclination is close to a horizontal plane .
  • the anchor 11 in order to maintain the inclination of the diverging limbs relative to the longitudinal plane P of the flat part during lifting of the panel, the anchor 11 comprises two branches converging towards each other 14a, 14b, s' extending each in the extension of a divergent branch 13a, 13b in the direction of the foot of the anchor.
  • the two convergent branches 14a, 14b define, for the diverging branches 13a, 13b that they extend, means for maintaining the inclination of these divergent branches.
  • the converging branches in contact 14a, 14b act on the diverging branches 13a, 13b such as stiffening beams to avoid the sagging of these branches 13a, 13b under the effect of the weight exerted by the concrete overhanging these branches 13a, 13b when lifting the concrete board.
  • the two convergent branches 14a, 14b are in contact with each other by their edges 18a, 18b opposite the diverging branches 13a, 13b, to define with these diverging branches 13a, 13b, a non-deformable box for example of square cross section.
  • the diverging branches 13a, 13b do not tend to see their inclination decreased with respect to the main plane P of the flat and the concrete interposed between the two opposite branches 13a, 13b is not supercharged.
  • the contact edges 18a, 18b converging portions 14a, 14b of the anchor are advantageously secured to one another. This joining is done for example by welding, by means of a lug or by folding when the anchor consists of a single flat.
  • the inner faces 17a, 17b converging branches 14a, 14b participate in the adhesion between the concrete and the anchor.
  • Anchors Figures 1 to 3 and 7 at 12 comprise two diverging branches 13a, 13b inclined at 45 ° relative to the horizontal and the converging branches 14a, 14b define a right angle with the diverging branches 13a, 13b.
  • the box formed by the diverging branches 13a, 13b and convergent 14a, 14b is of square section with relatively short sides. This square box extends in the building element to lift with its diagonal parallel to the lifting direction. Because of this square section, the box is very rigid and practically indeformable. And because of the inclination at 45 °, the compression cone developed is maximum.
  • the anchor Figures 4 to 6 comprises two divergent branches defining an angle ⁇ of 20 ° and therefore less important than that defined by the anchors of the other figures.
  • the anchorage due to the compression cone is therefore less.
  • this anchor comprises intermediate facets 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b which increase the bonding surface of the anchor.
  • the branches 14a, 14b extend in a horizontal plane and not along a plane inclined at 45 °, as is the case with the branches 14a, 14b of the Figures 1 to 3 and 7 at 12 .
  • These convergent branches 14a, 14b are therefore closer to the divergent branches inclined at 20 ° of the figure 4 and define with these a box of low height but which is still indeformable. Thanks to this low height of box, for the same length of anchor body, the anchor of the figure 4 has a shorter total length than that of the figure 7 and is particularly suitable for transporting concrete slabs along a horizontal plane, since in this case the anchor extends according to the smallest dimension of the slab, that is to say the thickness (see figure 6 ).
  • the diverging branches 13a, 13b of the anchor are closer to the lower end of the anchor and are therefore likely to be disposed more deep in a slab or panel, that the diverging branches 13a, 13b of the anchor of the figure 7 .
  • These branches 13a, 13b being deeper, they have an anchoring capacity greater than that of the branches of the figure 7 .
  • the anchor is constituted by the combination of two identical flats 12a, 12b, derived from a smooth metal strip as shown or ribbed according to a non-illustrated embodiment.
  • Each flat portion 12a, 12b is folded along two fold lines, to provide the flat portion 12a, 12b of a main portion extending along a main plane P, of an active branch 13a, 13b extending out of the plane main and a holding branch 14a, 14b extending the active branch and returning to the main plane.
  • the first fold line 22b defines for the flat portion 12b the main portion 21b, extending along the main plane P and intended to be pressed against the corresponding portion 21a of the second flat portion 12a.
  • This main portion 21b carries at its upper end, a hole 23b in which a handling hook is intended to engage.
  • the active branch 13b extending from the fold line 22b out of the main plane P defines with the main portion 21b of the flat portion 12b, an angle of about 135 °.
  • the active face of the diverging branch 15b is inclined by 45 °.
  • the diverging branches 15a, 15b generate in the concrete, during lifting, a relatively low compression cone, because of the significant inclination relative to the horizontal plane diverging branches. As the compression cone developed is weak, the total length of the anchor could be decreased without risk of tearing the concrete near the reservation.
  • indeformable caisson 17 formed by the active diverging branches and the converging branches of reinforcement makes it possible to maintain fixed the inclination of the divergent branches relative to a horizontal plane.
  • the anchor still comprises a non-deformable end box 17 but it is made from a single flattened flat 12 on itself.
  • This single flat is folded along the fold lines 22b and 23b to define the rectilinear portion 21b, the active branch 13b and the aforementioned convergent branch 14b and then folded at 90 ° according to the fold 25 of the figure 10 to define the lower right angle of the non-deformable housing 17.
  • the flat portion 12 is then folded along the lines 23a and 22a to define the converging branches 14a, diverging 13a and the opposite straight portion 21a.
  • the rectilinear portions 21a, 21b of the flat are spaced apart from each other and define a space for accommodating a gripping head 30, for example cylindrical, or of any other adaptable form to any means of prehension.
  • the anchor 11 is always made by the combination of two identical flats but these define an additional box with respect to the embodiment of the figure 2 interposed between the body 16 of the anchor 11 and the first caisson 17.
  • each flat portion 12a, 12b comprises four fold lines, separating it into a rectilinear portion 21b, an upper blade 31b extending out of the main plane defined by the rectilinear portion, a lower blade 32b bringing the flat toward the main plane , the aforementioned active branch 13 and the aforementioned reinforcing branch 14b.
  • the upper blades 31a, 31b of the two flats diverge relative to each other towards the foot of the anchor 11 and define an angular aperture of about 15 °.
  • the lower blades 32a, 32b converge towards each other to be substantially in contact with each other. They define bearing surfaces for the concrete portion interposed between the diverging blades 31a, 31b during lifting.
  • the upper blades 31a, 31b define active intermediate portions of adhesion between the anchor and the concrete, which develop a very compact compression cone. low, given the inclination of about 80 ° of these blades relative to a horizontal plane.
  • the anchor comprises in addition to the passage opening 23 of the handling hook, a passage lumen 34 for a metal reinforcement.
  • the blades 31a, 31b and the diverging branches 13a, 13b and convergent 14a, 14b combined with the developed surface of the flat part make it possible to urge the concrete both at the adhesion and at the shear at the level of the anchors generated by the facets.
  • the anchor is still made using two identical flat flats defining an end box 17 of square cross section, and upper active blades 31a, 31b but the lower blades 32a, 32b do not converge towards each other. 'other. On the contrary, they are parallel to each other. They therefore do not define a bearing surface for the part of concrete interposed between the diverging blades 31a, 31b but simply a longitudinal internal volume opening on the square internal volume of the end box 17.
  • FIGS 4 to 6 illustrate another embodiment of an anchor formed from two identical metal flats.
  • the particularity of this embodiment resides in particular in the fact that the active diverging branches 13a, 13b define an inclination angle of 20 ° with respect to a horizontal plane which develop a greater compression cone than that of the diverging branches at 45.degree. ° of Figures 1 to 3 and 7 to 12 .
  • each diverging branch 13a, 13b is extended by a portion of flat 36a, 36b substantially vertical, itself extended by the aforementioned reinforcing arm 14a, 14b which further extends in a horizontal plane.
  • the anchor according to the invention has major advantages over the anchors of the state of the art.
  • the anchoring capacity developed by the branches inclined between 10 ° and 45 ° relative to a horizontal plane is greater than that developed by horizontal branches, that is to say perpendicular to the body of the anchor and 0 ° of inclination with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the anchor can therefore have a shorter length than that of anchors of known type whose feet develop less anchoring capacity.
  • the compression force defined by the divergent branches is directed in a preferential direction normal to the active face of a branch as represented by the arrow F1 of the figure 1 , and is therefore written in the plane D of the slab or panel
  • the anchor according to the invention develops compression forces in the direction slab of larger dimension and therefore never in the direction of smaller dimension, avoiding a break in this direction.
  • an anchor of this type is made by a simple and inexpensive manufacturing process, based on the folding of a single or two flat.
  • none of the angles between two consecutive facets of the flat define acute angle, which avoids any loss of material that would be due to folding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

The anchor has a head part (1) that is extended along a principal plane (P), and a lower part (17) for assuring an anchor (11) in a construction element (19) e.g. concrete panel. The lower part has branches (13a, 13b) diverging towards the lower end, where the branches are extended outside the plane. A predetermined angle is formed between the branches. Converging flat parts (14a, 14b) connect the branches with each other for maintaining the predetermined angle between the branches.

Description

L'invention concerne une ancre de manutention d'éléments de construction tels que des blocs et panneaux préfabriqués, notamment en béton ou en matériau composite, destinée à être solidarisée à un élément de construction pour faciliter sa préhension, en vue de son déplacement.The invention relates to a handling anchor for construction elements such as prefabricated blocks and panels, in particular made of concrete or composite material, intended to be secured to a construction element to facilitate its gripping, with a view to its displacement.

Une ancre de ce type, couramment utilisée est une ancre à queue d'aronde.An anchor of this type, commonly used is a dovetail anchor.

Elle est constituée par un méplat dont la partie supérieure définit une tête d'accrochage qui assure une liaison entre l'élément de construction et un engin de manutention destiné à la déplacer, la partie centrale définit un corps et la partie inférieure, un pied.It consists of a flat part whose upper part defines a fastening head which provides a connection between the construction element and a handling machine intended to move it, the central part defines a body and the lower part a foot.

Le corps et le pied de l'ancre sont destinés à être immergés au sein du matériau constitutif du panneau de construction et à adhérer à celui-ci pour que l'ancre et l'élément de construction forment un ensemble unitaire transportable.The body and the foot of the anchor are intended to be immersed within the material constituting the building panel and to adhere thereto so that the anchor and the building element form a transportable unitary unit.

La forme en queue d'aronde est définie par le pied de l'ancre qui comprend deux branches divergeant l'une par rapport à l'autre suivant la direction opposée au levage, qui définissent deux surfaces d'appui pour les parties du panneau situées au-dessus de ces branches, et ainsi une certaine capacité d'ancrage.The dovetail shape is defined by the foot of the anchor which comprises two branches diverging relative to each other in the opposite direction to the lifting, which define two bearing surfaces for the parts of the panel located above these branches, and thus some anchoring ability.

Durant le levage, ces branches supportent en conséquence la majeure partie du poids du panneau et la partie du panneau interposée entre ces branches est le siège de forces de compression importantes.During lifting, these branches therefore bear most of the weight of the panel and the part of the panel interposed between these branches is the seat of significant compression forces.

Dans ces conditions, il est possible que l'inclinaison de ces branches par rapport au plan principal du méplat diminue, ce dont résulte une diminution de la capacité d'ancrage développée par ces branches.Under these conditions, it is possible that the inclination of these branches relative to the main plane of the flat decreases, resulting in a decrease in the anchoring capacity developed by these branches.

L'invention vise à pallier cet inconvénient.The invention aims to overcome this drawback.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne une ancre de manutention d'éléments de construction, tels que des panneaux de béton, formée à partir d'au moins un méplat, comprenant une partie supérieure d'accrochage à un engin de manutention, s'étendant selon un plan principal (P) et une partie inférieure destinée à assurer l'ancrage dans l'élément de construction, cette partie inférieure comprenant deux branches divergeant en direction de l'extrémité inférieure de l'ancre et s'étendant en dehors du plan principal (P) et formant entre elles un angle prédéterminé (γ).To this end, the invention relates to a handling anchor of construction elements, such as concrete panels, formed from at least one flat, comprising an upper attachment part to a handling machine, s' extending along a main plane (P) and a lower part intended to anchor in the construction element, this lower part comprising two branches diverging in the direction of the lower end of the anchor and extending outside the main plane (P) and forming between them a predetermined angle (γ).

Selon l'invention, l'ancre comprend au moins une partie de méplat reliant l'une à l'autre les deux branches pour assurer le maintien de l'angle prédéterminé (γ) entre ces deux branches.According to the invention, the anchor comprises at least one flat portion connecting to one another the two branches to maintain the predetermined angle (γ) between these two branches.

Selon une autre caractéristique, elle comprend deux parties de méplat chacune solidaire de l'extrémité inférieure d'une branche divergente, ces deux parties de méplat convergeant l'une vers l'autre dans la direction de l'extrémité inférieure de l'ancre et étant en contact l'une de l'autre le long de leurs bords inférieurs et définissant des branches convergentes de maintien de l'angle prédéterminé (γ).According to another characteristic, it comprises two flat portions each integral with the lower end of a diverging branch, these two flat portions converging towards one another in the direction of the lower end of the anchor and being in contact with each other along their lower edges and defining converging branches for maintaining the predetermined angle (γ).

Avantageusement, les deux branches convergentes sont solidaires l'une de l'autre par leurs bords inférieurs.Advantageously, the two converging branches are secured to one another by their lower edges.

De préférence, l'ancre est formée à partir de deux méplats, comprenant chacun des parties consécutives séparées deux à deux par des lignes de pliage et définissant une partie de tête, une branche divergente et une branche de maintien, le premier et le deuxième méplat étant disposés dos à dos.Preferably, the anchor is formed from two flats, each comprising consecutive portions separated two by two by fold lines and defining a head portion, a divergent branch and a holding branch, the first and the second flats being arranged back to back.

Selon une autre caractéristique, l'ancre est formée à partir d'un unique méplat comprenant des parties consécutives séparées deux à deux par des lignes de pliage et définissant une première partie de tête, une première branche divergente, une première branche de maintien, une deuxième branche de maintien, une deuxième branche divergente et une deuxième partie de tête.According to another characteristic, the anchor is formed from a single flat part comprising consecutive parts separated in pairs by fold lines and defining a first head portion, a first divergent branch, a first holding branch, a first second holding branch, a second diverging branch and a second leading part.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, elle comprend, interposée entre la tête et les branches divergentes, deux parties de méplat opposées divergeant l'une par rapport à l'autre en direction de l'extrémité de l'ancre formant des facettes actives qui, lorsque l'ancre est solidarisée à l'élément de construction, assurent l'adhérence de celle-ci au matériau de construction.According to another embodiment, it comprises, interposed between the head and the diverging branches, two opposite flat portions diverging with respect to each other towards the end of the anchor forming active facets which, when the anchor is secured to the construction element, ensure the adhesion thereof to the building material.

De plus, elle peut comprendre, interposée entre les facettes actives et les branches divergentes des facettes intermédiaires convergeant l'une vers l'autre en direction de l'extrémité de l'ancre ou parallèles l'une de l'autre.In addition, it may comprise, interposed between the active facets and the divergent branches of the intermediate facets converging towards each other towards the end of the anchor or parallel to each other.

De préférence, les branches divergentes sont inclinées par rapport au plan principal (P) d'un angle compris entre 45° et 80°.Preferably, the diverging branches are inclined relative to the main plane (P) by an angle of between 45 ° and 80 °.

Lorsque les branches divergentes sont inclinées par rapport au plan principal (P) d'un angle sensiblement égal à 45°, les deux branches actives et les deux branches de maintien peuvent définir un contour rectangulaire, de préférence carré.When the diverging branches are inclined relative to the main plane (P) by an angle substantially equal to 45 °, the two active branches and the two holding arms can define a rectangular contour, preferably square.

Dans un autre cas, les branches actives comprennent chacune une portion inclinée par rapport au plan principal (P) d'un angle sensiblement égal à 70°, et une portion verticale parallèle au plan principal (P), consécutive de la portion inclinée, les branches de maintien s'étendant chacune à partir d'une portion verticale.In another case, the active branches each comprise a portion inclined relative to the main plane (P) by an angle substantially equal to 70 °, and a vertical portion parallel to the main plane (P), consecutive to the inclined portion, the holding legs each extending from a vertical portion.

Selon une autre caractéristique, les deux parties de méplat formant la tête sont plaquées l'une contre l'autre et comprennent des orifices de passage d'un anneau de levage.According to another characteristic, the two flat portions forming the head are pressed against each other and comprise holes for the passage of a lifting ring.

Autrement, les deux parties de méplat formant la tête sont écartées l'une de l'autre, l'ancre comprenant par exemple une tête cylindrique interposée entre les deux parties de méplat.Otherwise, the two flat portions forming the head are spaced apart from each other, the anchor comprising for example a cylindrical head interposed between the two flat portions.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple, parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'une ancre selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, en position au sein d'un panneau de construction en vue de son levage ;
  • la figure 2 montre une ancre selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, vue de face ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l'ancre de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 représente une ancre selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, vue de face ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de côté de l'ancre de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 6 correspond à une vue en perspective de l'ancre de la figure 4 ;
  • les figures 7, 8 et 9 sont des vues respectivement de face, de côté et en perspective d'une troisième variante possible de réalisation de l'ancre selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 10, 11 et 12 sont des vues respectivement de face, de côté et en perspective d'une quatrième variante possible de réalisation de l'ancre selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other objects, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of example, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of an anchor according to a first embodiment of the invention, in position within a building panel for lifting;
  • the figure 2 shows an anchor according to a second embodiment of the invention, front view;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of the anchor of the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 4 represents an anchor according to a third embodiment of the invention, seen from the front;
  • the figure 5 is a side view of the anchor of the figure 4 ;
  • the figure 6 corresponds to a perspective view of the anchor of the figure 4 ;
  • the Figures 7, 8 and 9 are respectively front, side and perspective views of a third possible embodiment of the anchor according to the invention;
  • the Figures 10, 11 and 12 are views respectively front, side and perspective of a fourth possible embodiment of the anchor according to the invention.

Les dispositifs d'ancre selon l'invention ont été conçus pour permettre la manutention, notamment le levage, d'éléments de construction tels que des blocs ou panneaux préfabriqués en béton.The anchor devices according to the invention have been designed to allow handling, including lifting, of building elements such as prefabricated concrete blocks or panels.

La figure 1 montre un premier mode de réalisation d'une ancre selon l'invention désignée de façon générale par la référence 11.The figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an anchor according to the invention generally designated by the reference 11.

Elle comporte une partie de tête 1, une partie 16 formant le corps de l'ancre et une partie 17 formant le pied.It comprises a head portion 1, a portion 16 forming the body of the anchor and a portion 17 forming the foot.

L'ancre 11, à l'exception de la tête 1 qui reste à l'extérieur du matériau de l'élément de construction et est adaptée pour être accrochée à un engin de manutention, est destinée à être noyée dans le matériau constitutif de l'élément de construction dont l'ancre est destinée à faciliter la manutention.The anchor 11, with the exception of the head 1 which remains outside the material of the construction element and is adapted to be attached to a handling machine, is intended to be embedded in the constituent material of the construction element whose anchor is intended to facilitate handling.

En général, cet élément de construction peut être une dalle ou un panneau de béton 19 et la tête 1 de l'ancre est accessible depuis une tranche libre 21 du panneau 19 au sein de laquelle a été pratiqué un évidemment 22 ou "réservation" autorisant le dépassement de la tête 1 de l'ancre, alors que le corps 16 et le pied 17 de l'ancre sont immergés dans le béton.In general, this element of construction can be a slab or a concrete panel 19 and the head 1 of the anchor is accessible from a free edge 21 of the panel 19 within which has been practiced a recess 22 or "reservation" authorizing the passing of the head 1 of the anchor, while the body 16 and the foot 17 of the anchor are immersed in the concrete.

L'ancre 11 selon la figure 1 est réalisée à partir de deux méplats identiques 12a, 12b, c'est-à-dire deux bandes rigides par exemple en métal dont l'épaisseur est faible par rapport à la largeur, qui sont chacun plié pour définir une branche active s'étendant hors du plan principal du méplat.The anchor 11 according to the figure 1 is made from two identical flats 12a, 12b, that is to say two rigid strips for example of metal whose thickness is small relative to the width, which are each folded to define an active branch extending off the main plane of the flat.

Chaque méplat est disposé dans le panneau de façon que sa largeur soit dans le sens de l'épaisseur du panneau.Each flat is disposed in the panel so that its width is in the direction of the thickness of the panel.

Les branches divergentes définissent des faces actives 15a, 15b qui, combinées à la surface développée du méplat permettent de solliciter le béton à la fois à l'adhérence et au cisaillement au droit des ancrages générés par les facettes.The diverging branches define active faces 15a, 15b which, combined with the developed surface of the flat part, make it possible to urge the concrete both for adhesion and shearing at the anchorages generated by the facets.

Du fait de leur inclinaison par rapport à un plan horizontal, ces branches 13a, 13b définissent lors du levage, un cône de compression centré sur le plan principal de l'ancre, dont le sommet est situé vers le pied de l'ancre et dont la base s'étend autour de la tête de l'ancre. L'amplitude de la base du cône de compression est d'autant plus importante que l'inclinaison α d'une branche 13a, 13b est proche de 45°, et d'autant plus faible que cette inclinaison est proche d'un plan horizontal.Because of their inclination with respect to a horizontal plane, these branches 13a, 13b define during lifting, a compression cone centered on the main plane of the anchor, whose apex is located towards the foot of the anchor and whose the base extends around the head of the anchor. The amplitude of the base of the compression cone is all the more important that the inclination α of a branch 13a, 13b is close to 45 °, and even lower than this inclination is close to a horizontal plane .

Selon l'invention, afin de maintenir fixe l'inclinaison des branches divergentes par rapport au plan longitudinal P du méplat lors du levage du panneau, l'ancre 11 comprend deux branches convergeant l'une vers l'autre 14a, 14b, s'étendant chacune dans le prolongement d'une branche divergente 13a, 13b dans la direction du pied de l'ancre.According to the invention, in order to maintain the inclination of the diverging limbs relative to the longitudinal plane P of the flat part during lifting of the panel, the anchor 11 comprises two branches converging towards each other 14a, 14b, s' extending each in the extension of a divergent branch 13a, 13b in the direction of the foot of the anchor.

Les deux branches convergentes 14a, 14b définissent, pour les branches divergentes 13a, 13b qu'elles prolongent, des moyens de maintien de l'inclinaison de ces branches divergentes.The two convergent branches 14a, 14b define, for the diverging branches 13a, 13b that they extend, means for maintaining the inclination of these divergent branches.

En effet, les branches convergentes en contact 14a, 14b agissent sur les branches divergentes 13a, 13b telles des poutres de rigidification pour éviter le fléchissement de ces branches 13a, 13b sous l'effet du poids qu'exerce le béton surplombant ces branches 13a, 13b lors du levage du panneau de béton.Indeed, the converging branches in contact 14a, 14b act on the diverging branches 13a, 13b such as stiffening beams to avoid the sagging of these branches 13a, 13b under the effect of the weight exerted by the concrete overhanging these branches 13a, 13b when lifting the concrete board.

En outre, les deux branches convergentes 14a, 14b sont en contact l'une de l'autre par leurs bords 18a, 18b opposé aux branches divergentes 13a, 13b, pour définir avec ces branches divergentes 13a, 13b, un caisson indéformable par exemple de section transversale carrée.In addition, the two convergent branches 14a, 14b are in contact with each other by their edges 18a, 18b opposite the diverging branches 13a, 13b, to define with these diverging branches 13a, 13b, a non-deformable box for example of square cross section.

Ainsi, contrairement au cas de l'ancre à queue d'aronde précitée, les branches divergentes 13a, 13b ne tendent pas à voir diminuée leur inclinaison par rapport au plan principal P du méplat et le béton interposé entre les deux branches opposées 13a, 13b n'est pas surcomprimé.Thus, unlike the case of the aforementioned dovetail anchor, the diverging branches 13a, 13b do not tend to see their inclination decreased with respect to the main plane P of the flat and the concrete interposed between the two opposite branches 13a, 13b is not supercharged.

Les bords de contact 18a, 18b des portions convergentes 14a, 14b de l'ancre sont avantageusement solidarisés l'un à l'autre. Cette solidarisation se fait par exemple par soudage, par l'intermédiaire d'un ergot ou par pliage lorsque l'ancre est constituée d'un unique méplat.The contact edges 18a, 18b converging portions 14a, 14b of the anchor are advantageously secured to one another. This joining is done for example by welding, by means of a lug or by folding when the anchor consists of a single flat.

En outre, les faces internes 17a, 17b des branches convergentes 14a, 14b participent à l'adhésion entre le béton et cette ancre.In addition, the inner faces 17a, 17b converging branches 14a, 14b participate in the adhesion between the concrete and the anchor.

On décrit dans ce qui suit différents modes de réalisation d'ancres selon l'invention.Various embodiments of anchors according to the invention are described below.

Les ancres des figures 1 à 3 et 7 à 12 comprennent deux branches divergentes 13a, 13b inclinées de 45° par rapport à l'horizontale et les branches convergentes 14a, 14b définissent un angle droit avec les branches divergentes 13a, 13b. Ainsi, le caisson formé par les branches divergentes 13a, 13b et convergentes 14a, 14b est de section carrée avec des côtés relativement courts. Ce caisson carré s'étend dans l'élément de construction à lever avec sa diagonale parallèle à la direction de levage. Du fait de cette section carrée, le caisson est très rigide et pratiquement indéformable. Et du fait de l'inclinaison à 45°, le cône de compression développé est maximal.Anchors Figures 1 to 3 and 7 at 12 comprise two diverging branches 13a, 13b inclined at 45 ° relative to the horizontal and the converging branches 14a, 14b define a right angle with the diverging branches 13a, 13b. Thus, the box formed by the diverging branches 13a, 13b and convergent 14a, 14b is of square section with relatively short sides. This square box extends in the building element to lift with its diagonal parallel to the lifting direction. Because of this square section, the box is very rigid and practically indeformable. And because of the inclination at 45 °, the compression cone developed is maximum.

Par contre, l'ancre des figures 4 à 6 comprend deux branches divergentes définissant un angle α de 20° et donc moins important que celui défini par les ancres des autres figures. L'ancrage dû au cône de compression est donc moindre. Pour augmenter l'ancrage, malgré le faible angle d'inclinaison des branches 13a, 13b, cette ancre comprend des facettes intermédiaires 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b qui viennent augmenter la surface d'adhérence de l'ancre.On the other hand, the anchor Figures 4 to 6 comprises two divergent branches defining an angle α of 20 ° and therefore less important than that defined by the anchors of the other figures. The anchorage due to the compression cone is therefore less. To increase the anchoring, despite the low angle of inclination of the branches 13a, 13b, this anchor comprises intermediate facets 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b which increase the bonding surface of the anchor.

En outre dans ce mode de réalisation, les branches 14a, 14b s'étendent selon un plan horizontal et non selon un plan incliné à 45° comme c'est le cas des branches 14a, 14b des figures 1 à 3 et 7 à 12. Ces branches convergentes 14a, 14b sont donc plus proches des branches divergentes inclinées à 20° de la figure 4 et définissent avec ces dernières un caisson de faible hauteur mais qui est tout de même indéformable. Grâce à cette faible hauteur de caisson, pour une même longueur de corps d'ancre, l'ancre de la figure 4 présente une longueur totale plus faible que celle de la figure 7 et est particulièrement adaptée au transport de dalles de béton selon un plan horizontal puisque dans ce cas l'ancre s'étend selon la dimension la plus faible de la dalle, c'est-à-dire l'épaisseur (voir figure 6).In addition, in this embodiment, the branches 14a, 14b extend in a horizontal plane and not along a plane inclined at 45 °, as is the case with the branches 14a, 14b of the Figures 1 to 3 and 7 at 12 . These convergent branches 14a, 14b are therefore closer to the divergent branches inclined at 20 ° of the figure 4 and define with these a box of low height but which is still indeformable. Thanks to this low height of box, for the same length of anchor body, the anchor of the figure 4 has a shorter total length than that of the figure 7 and is particularly suitable for transporting concrete slabs along a horizontal plane, since in this case the anchor extends according to the smallest dimension of the slab, that is to say the thickness (see figure 6 ).

De plus, pour une même longueur totale d'ancre, toujours du fait du caisson court, les branches divergentes 13a, 13b de l'ancre sont plus proches de l'extrémité inférieure de l'ancre et sont donc susceptibles d'être disposées plus profondément dans une dalle ou un panneau, que les branches divergentes 13a, 13b de l'ancre de la figure 7. Ces branches 13a, 13b étant plus profondes, elles ont une capacité d'ancrage supérieure à celle des branches de la figure 7.In addition, for the same total length of anchor, still because of the short box, the diverging branches 13a, 13b of the anchor are closer to the lower end of the anchor and are therefore likely to be disposed more deep in a slab or panel, that the diverging branches 13a, 13b of the anchor of the figure 7 . These branches 13a, 13b being deeper, they have an anchoring capacity greater than that of the branches of the figure 7 .

Chaque variante de réalisation sera maintenant décrite en détail.Each alternative embodiment will now be described in detail.

Selon l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1, l'ancre est constituée par l'association de deux méplats identiques 12a, 12b, issus d'une bande métallique lisse telle que représentée ou nervurée selon un mode de réalisation non illustré.According to the embodiment shown on the figure 1 , the anchor is constituted by the combination of two identical flats 12a, 12b, derived from a smooth metal strip as shown or ribbed according to a non-illustrated embodiment.

Chaque méplat 12a, 12b est plié le long de deux lignes de pliage, pour pourvoir le méplat 12a, 12b d'une partie principale s'étendant selon un plan principal P, d'une branche active 13a, 13b s'étendant hors du plan principal et d'une branche de maintien 14a, 14b prolongeant la branche active et revenant vers le plan principal.Each flat portion 12a, 12b is folded along two fold lines, to provide the flat portion 12a, 12b of a main portion extending along a main plane P, of an active branch 13a, 13b extending out of the plane main and a holding branch 14a, 14b extending the active branch and returning to the main plane.

Comme les différentes parties du méplat de droite 12b sur la figure 2 sont plus visibles que celles du méplat de gauche 12a, c'est le méplat de droite 12b qui sera décrit ci-dessous, cette description étant bien entendu valable pour le méplat de gauche 12a.Like the different parts of the right flat surface 12b on the figure 2 are more visible than those of the left flat part 12a, it is the right flat part 12b which will be described below, this description being of course valid for the left flat part 12a.

La première ligne de pliage 22b définit pour le méplat 12b la partie principale 21b, s'étendant selon le plan principal P et destinée à être plaquée contre la partie correspondante 21a du deuxième méplat 12a. Cette partie principale 21b porte à son extrémité supérieure, un orifice 23b dans lequel un crochet de manutention est destiné à s'engager.The first fold line 22b defines for the flat portion 12b the main portion 21b, extending along the main plane P and intended to be pressed against the corresponding portion 21a of the second flat portion 12a. This main portion 21b carries at its upper end, a hole 23b in which a handling hook is intended to engage.

La branche active 13b s'étendant à partir de la ligne de pliage 22b hors du plan principal P définit avec la partie principale 21b du méplat 12b, un angle d'environ 135°.The active branch 13b extending from the fold line 22b out of the main plane P defines with the main portion 21b of the flat portion 12b, an angle of about 135 °.

Ainsi, par rapport à un plan horizontal, la face active de la branche divergente 15b est inclinée de 45°.Thus, with respect to a horizontal plane, the active face of the diverging branch 15b is inclined by 45 °.

Les branches divergentes 15a, 15b génèrent dans le béton, lors du levage, un cône de compression relativement faible, du fait de l'inclinaison importante relativement au plan horizontal des branches divergentes. Comme le cône de compression développé est faible, la longueur totale de l'ancre a pu être diminuée sans risque d'arrachement du béton aux abords de la réservation.The diverging branches 15a, 15b generate in the concrete, during lifting, a relatively low compression cone, because of the significant inclination relative to the horizontal plane diverging branches. As the compression cone developed is weak, the total length of the anchor could be decreased without risk of tearing the concrete near the reservation.

Et le caisson indéformable 17 formé par les branches divergentes actives et les branches convergentes de renfort, permet de maintenir fixe l'inclinaison des branches divergentes par rapport à un plan horizontal.And the indeformable caisson 17 formed by the active diverging branches and the converging branches of reinforcement, makes it possible to maintain fixed the inclination of the divergent branches relative to a horizontal plane.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 10 à 12, l'ancre comprend toujours un caisson indéformable d'extrémité 17 mais elle est réalisée à partir d'un unique méplat 12 replié sur lui-même. Cet unique méplat est plié selon les lignes de pliage 22b et 23b pour définir la partie rectiligne 21b, la branche active 13b et la branche convergente 14b précitées puis pliée à 90° selon la pliure 25 de la figure 10 pour définir l'angle droit inférieur du caisson indéformable 17. Le méplat 12 est ensuite plié selon les lignes 23a et 22a pour définir les branches convergente 14a, divergente 13a et la partie rectiligne opposée 21a.In the embodiment illustrated on the Figures 10 to 12 , the anchor still comprises a non-deformable end box 17 but it is made from a single flattened flat 12 on itself. This single flat is folded along the fold lines 22b and 23b to define the rectilinear portion 21b, the active branch 13b and the aforementioned convergent branch 14b and then folded at 90 ° according to the fold 25 of the figure 10 to define the lower right angle of the non-deformable housing 17. The flat portion 12 is then folded along the lines 23a and 22a to define the converging branches 14a, diverging 13a and the opposite straight portion 21a.

En outre, selon ce mode de réalisation, les parties rectilignes 21a, 21b du méplat sont écartées l'une de l'autre et définissent un espace pour accueillir une tête de préhension 30, par exemple cylindrique, ou d'une toute autre forme adaptable à n'importe quel moyen de préhension.In addition, according to this embodiment, the rectilinear portions 21a, 21b of the flat are spaced apart from each other and define a space for accommodating a gripping head 30, for example cylindrical, or of any other adaptable form to any means of prehension.

Selon l'exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 2 et 3, l'ancre 11 est toujours réalisée par l'association de deux méplats identiques mais ceux-ci définissent un caisson supplémentaire par rapport au mode de réalisation de la figure 2, interposé entre le corps 16 de l'ancre 11 et le premier caisson 17.According to the exemplary embodiment illustrated on the Figures 2 and 3 , the anchor 11 is always made by the combination of two identical flats but these define an additional box with respect to the embodiment of the figure 2 interposed between the body 16 of the anchor 11 and the first caisson 17.

Plus précisément, chaque méplat 12a, 12b comprend quatre lignes de pliage, le séparant en une partie rectiligne 21b, une lame supérieure 31b s'étendant hors du plan principal défini par la partie rectiligne, une lame inférieure 32b ramenant le méplat vers le plan principal, la branche active précitée 13 et la branche de renfort susmentionnée 14b.More specifically, each flat portion 12a, 12b comprises four fold lines, separating it into a rectilinear portion 21b, an upper blade 31b extending out of the main plane defined by the rectilinear portion, a lower blade 32b bringing the flat toward the main plane , the aforementioned active branch 13 and the aforementioned reinforcing branch 14b.

Les lames supérieures 31a, 31b des deux méplats divergent l'une par rapport à l'autre en direction du pied de l'ancre 11 et définissent une ouverture angulaire d'environ 15°. Les lames inférieures 32a, 32b convergent l'une vers l'autre pour être pratiquement en contact l'une de l'autre. Elles définissent des surfaces d'appui pour la partie de béton interposée entre les lames divergentes 31a, 31b lors du levage.The upper blades 31a, 31b of the two flats diverge relative to each other towards the foot of the anchor 11 and define an angular aperture of about 15 °. The lower blades 32a, 32b converge towards each other to be substantially in contact with each other. They define bearing surfaces for the concrete portion interposed between the diverging blades 31a, 31b during lifting.

Les lames supérieures 31a, 31b définissent des portions actives intermédiaires d'adhérence entre l'ancre et le béton, qui développent un cône de compression très faible, étant donné l'inclinaison d'environ 80° de ces lames par rapport à un plan horizontal.The upper blades 31a, 31b define active intermediate portions of adhesion between the anchor and the concrete, which develop a very compact compression cone. low, given the inclination of about 80 ° of these blades relative to a horizontal plane.

L'ancre comprend en supplément de l'orifice de passage 23 du crochet de manutention, une lumière de passage 34 pour un renfort métallique.The anchor comprises in addition to the passage opening 23 of the handling hook, a passage lumen 34 for a metal reinforcement.

Les lames 31a, 31b et les branches divergentes 13a, 13b et convergentes 14a, 14b combinées à la surface développée du méplat permettent de solliciter le béton à la fois à l'adhérence et au cisaillement au droit des ancrages générés par les facettes.The blades 31a, 31b and the diverging branches 13a, 13b and convergent 14a, 14b combined with the developed surface of the flat part make it possible to urge the concrete both at the adhesion and at the shear at the level of the anchors generated by the facets.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 7 à 9, l'ancre est encore réalisée à l'aide de deux méplats identiques définissant un caisson d'extrémité 17 de section transversale carrée, et des lames actives supérieures 31a, 31b mais les lames inférieures 32a, 32b ne convergent pas l'une vers l'autre. Elles sont au contraire parallèles l'une à l'autre. Elles ne définissent donc pas de surface d'appui pour la partie de béton interposée entre les lames divergentes 31a, 31b mais simplement un volume interne longitudinal débouchant sur le volume interne carré du caisson d'extrémité 17.According to the embodiment shown on the Figures 7 to 9 , the anchor is still made using two identical flat flats defining an end box 17 of square cross section, and upper active blades 31a, 31b but the lower blades 32a, 32b do not converge towards each other. 'other. On the contrary, they are parallel to each other. They therefore do not define a bearing surface for the part of concrete interposed between the diverging blades 31a, 31b but simply a longitudinal internal volume opening on the square internal volume of the end box 17.

Les figures 4 à 6 illustrent un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre formée à partir de deux méplats métalliques identiques. La particularité de ce mode de réalisation réside notamment dans le fait que les branches divergentes actives 13a, 13b définissent un angle d'inclinaison de 20° par rapport à un plan horizontal qui développent un cône de compression plus important que celui des branches divergentes à 45° des figures 1 à 3 et 7 à 12.The Figures 4 to 6 illustrate another embodiment of an anchor formed from two identical metal flats. The particularity of this embodiment resides in particular in the fact that the active diverging branches 13a, 13b define an inclination angle of 20 ° with respect to a horizontal plane which develop a greater compression cone than that of the diverging branches at 45.degree. ° of Figures 1 to 3 and 7 to 12 .

Dans ce cas, chaque branche divergente 13a, 13b est prolongée par une portion de méplat 36a, 36b sensiblement verticale, elle-même prolongée par la branche de renfort précitée 14a, 14b qui s'étend en outre selon un plan horizontal.In this case, each diverging branch 13a, 13b is extended by a portion of flat 36a, 36b substantially vertical, itself extended by the aforementioned reinforcing arm 14a, 14b which further extends in a horizontal plane.

Comme il ressort de la description qui vient d'être faite et des figures, l'ancre selon l'invention présente des avantages majeurs par rapport aux ancres de l'état de la technique.As can be seen from the description which has just been given and from the figures, the anchor according to the invention has major advantages over the anchors of the state of the art.

Elle évite aux branches actives divergentes de fléchir sous le poids du béton lors du levage, grâce aux moyens de maintien de l'inclinaison de ces branches, constitué par les branches de renfort convergentes.It prevents divergent active branches from bending under the weight of the concrete during lifting, thanks to the means for maintaining the inclination of these branches, constituted by the converging reinforcing arms.

Elle est particulièrement adaptée au levage de panneaux ou voiles minces par rapport à une ancre dont le pied est en forme de disque.It is particularly suitable for lifting thin panels or sails with respect to an anchor whose foot is disk-shaped.

En effet, lors du levage du panneau de béton, la capacité d'ancrage développée par les branches inclinées entre 10° et 45° par rapport à un plan horizontal est plus importante que celle développée par des branches horizontales, c'est-à-dire perpendiculaires au corps de l'ancre et de 0° d'inclinaison par rapport à un plan horizontal. L'ancre peut donc présenter une longueur moindre que celle d'ancres de type connu dont les pieds développent une capacité d'ancrage moins importante.Indeed, when lifting the concrete panel, the anchoring capacity developed by the branches inclined between 10 ° and 45 ° relative to a horizontal plane is greater than that developed by horizontal branches, that is to say perpendicular to the body of the anchor and 0 ° of inclination with respect to a horizontal plane. The anchor can therefore have a shorter length than that of anchors of known type whose feet develop less anchoring capacity.

De plus, la force de compression définie par les branches divergentes est dirigée selon une direction préférentielle normale à la face active d'une branche telle que représentée par la flèche F1 de la figure 1, et est donc inscrite dans le plan D de la dalle ou panneau de béton 19. Ainsi, contrairement aux ancres dont le pied est en forme de disque et déploie du fait de sa forme circulaire, des forces sur les 360° du disque, l'ancre selon l'invention développe des forces de compression dans la direction de la dalle de plus grande dimension et donc jamais selon la direction de plus faible dimension, évitant une cassure selon cette direction.In addition, the compression force defined by the divergent branches is directed in a preferential direction normal to the active face of a branch as represented by the arrow F1 of the figure 1 , and is therefore written in the plane D of the slab or panel Thus, unlike the anchors whose foot is disk-shaped and deploys because of its circular shape, forces on the 360 ° of the disk, the anchor according to the invention develops compression forces in the direction slab of larger dimension and therefore never in the direction of smaller dimension, avoiding a break in this direction.

En outre, une ancre de ce type est réalisée par un procédé de fabrication simple et peu onéreux, basé sur le pliage d'un unique ou de deux méplat.In addition, an anchor of this type is made by a simple and inexpensive manufacturing process, based on the folding of a single or two flat.

De plus, dans tous les modes de réalisation, aucun des angles entre deux facettes consécutives du méplat ne définissent d'angle aigu, ce qui évite tout affaiblissement de matière qui serait dû au pliage.In addition, in all the embodiments, none of the angles between two consecutive facets of the flat define acute angle, which avoids any loss of material that would be due to folding.

Bien entendu, les particularités des modes de réalisation, telles que la forme à section carrée du caisson, l'étendue horizontale des branches convergentes, l'inclinaison à 10, 20, ... 45° des branches divergentes, la présence ou l'absence de facettes intermédiaires 31, leur nombre, peuvent être combinées les uns aux autres pour définir un ancrage optimal en fonction de l'élément de construction à lever.Of course, the particularities of the embodiments, such as the square section form of the box, the horizontal extent of the converging branches, the inclination at 10, 20, ... 45 ° of the divergent branches, the presence or the absence of intermediate facets 31, their number, can be combined with each other to define an optimal anchoring according to the building element to be lifted.

Claims (12)

Ancre de manutention d'éléments de construction, tels que des panneaux de béton, formée à partir d'au moins un méplat, comprenant une partie supérieure d'accrochage (1) à un engin de manutention, s'étendant selon un plan principal (P) et une partie inférieure (17) destinée à assurer l'ancrage (11) dans l'élément de construction, cette partie inférieure (17) comprenant deux branches (13a, 13b) divergeant en direction de l'extrémité inférieure (17) de l'ancre (11), s'étendant en dehors du plan principal (P) et formant entre elles un angle prédéterminé (γ), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins une partie de méplat (14a, 14b) reliant l'une à l'autre les deux branches (13a, 13b) pour assurer le maintien de l'angle prédéterminé (γ) entre ces deux branches (13a, 13b).Anchor for handling building elements, such as concrete panels, formed from at least one flat, comprising an upper attachment part (1) to a handling machine, extending in a main plane ( P) and a lower part (17) intended to anchor (11) in the construction element, this lower part (17) comprising two branches (13a, 13b) diverging in the direction of the lower end (17) anchor (11), extending out of the main plane (P) and forming between them a predetermined angle (γ), characterized in that it comprises at least one flat portion (14a, 14b) connecting the one to the other the two branches (13a, 13b) to maintain the predetermined angle (γ) between these two branches (13a, 13b). Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend deux parties de méplat (14a, 14b) chacune solidaire de l'extrémité inférieure d'une branche divergente (13a, 13b), ces deux parties de méplat convergeant l'une vers l'autre dans la direction de l'extrémité inférieure (17) de l'ancre (11) et étant en contact l'une de l'autre le long de leurs bords inférieurs (18a, 18b) et définissant des branches convergentes de maintien de l'angle prédéterminé (γ).Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two flat portions (14a, 14b) each integral with the lower end of a diverging branch (13a, 13b), these two flat portions converging on one towards the other in the direction of the lower end (17) of the anchor (11) and being in contact with each other along their lower edges (18a, 18b) and defining converging holding legs of the predetermined angle (γ). Ancre selon la revendication 2, caractérisée ne ce que les deux branches convergentes (14a, 14b) sont solidaires l'une de l'autre par leurs bords inférieurs (18a, 18b).Anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that only the two converging branches (14a, 14b) are integral with each other by their lower edges (18a, 18b). Ancre selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est formée à partir de deux méplats, comprenant chacun des parties consécutives séparées deux à deux par des lignes de pliage (22a, 23a) et définissant une partie de tête (1), une branche divergente (13a) et une branche de maintien (14a), le premier et le deuxième méplat (12a, 12b) étant disposés dos à dos.Anchor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is formed from two flats, each comprising consecutive portions separated in pairs by fold lines (22a, 23a) and defining a head portion (1) a diverging limb (13a) and a holding limb (14a), the first and second flats (12a, 12b) being arranged back to back. Ancre selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est formée à partir d'un unique méplat (12) comprenant des parties consécutives séparées deux à deux par des lignes de pliage (22a, 23a, 25, 23b, 22b) et définissant une première partie de tête (21a), une première branche divergente (13a), une première branche de maintien (14a), une deuxième branche de maintien (14b), une deuxième branche divergente (13b) et une deuxième partie de tête (21b).Anchor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is formed from a single flat part (12) comprising consecutive parts separated in pairs by fold lines (22a, 23a, 25, 23b, 22b) and defining a first head portion (21a), a first diverging leg (13a), a first holding leg (14a), a second holding leg (14b), a second diverging leg (13b) and a second leading portion (21b). Ancre selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, interposée entre la tête (1) et les branches divergentes (13a, 13b), deux parties de méplat opposées (31a, 31b) divergeant l'une par rapport à l'autre en direction de l'extrémité (17) de l'ancre (11) formant des facettes actives qui, lorsque l'ancre est solidarisée à l'élément de construction, assurent l'adhérence de celle-ci au matériau de construction.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims , characterized in that it comprises, interposed between the head (1) and the diverging arms (13a, 13b), two opposed flat portions (31a, 31b) diverging relative to one another. to the other towards the end (17) of the anchor (11) forming active facets which, when the anchor is secured to the construction element, ensure the adhesion thereof to the material of construction. Ancre selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, interposée entre les facettes actives (31a, 31b) et les branches divergentes (13a, 13b) des facettes intermédiaires (32a, 32b) convergeant l'une vers l'autre en direction de l'extrémité (17) de l'ancre ou parallèles l'une de l'autre.Anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises, interposed between the active facets (31a, 31b) and the divergent arms (13a, 13b), intermediate facets (32a, 32b) converging towards one another in direction of the end (17) of the anchor or parallel to each other. Ancre selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les branches divergentes (13a, 13b) sont inclinées par rapport au plan principal (P) d'un angle compris entre 45° et 80°.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diverging arms (13a, 13b) are inclined with respect to the main plane (P) by an angle of between 45 ° and 80 °. Ancre selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les branches divergentes (13a, 13b) sont inclinées par rapport au plan principal (P) d'un angle sensiblement égal à 45°, les deux branches actives (13a, 13b) et les deux branches de maintien (14a, 14b) définissant un contour rectangulaire, de préférence carré.Anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that the diverging branches (13a, 13b) are inclined with respect to the main plane (P) by an angle substantially equal to 45 °, the two active branches (13a, 13b) and the two holding legs (14a, 14b) defining a rectangular contour, preferably square. Ancre selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les branches actives (13a, 13b) comprennent chacune une portion inclinée par rapport au plan principal (P) d'un angle sensiblement égal à 70°, et une portion verticale (36a, 36b) parallèle au plan principal (P), consécutive de la portion inclinée (13a, 13b), les branches de maintien (14a, 14b) s'étendant chacune à partir d'une portion verticale (36a, 36b).Anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that the active branches (13a, 13b) each comprise a portion inclined with respect to the main plane (P) by an angle substantially equal to 70 °, and a vertical portion (36a, 36b) parallel to the main plane (P), consecutive to the inclined portion (13a, 13b), the holding legs (14a, 14b) each extending from a vertical portion (36a, 36b). Ancre selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les deux parties de méplat (21a, 21b) formant la tête (1) sont plaquées l'une contre l'autre et comprennent des orifices de passage (23a, 23b) d'un anneau de levage.Anchor according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the two flat portions (21a, 21b) forming the head (1) are pressed against each other and comprise through holes (23a, 23b ) a lifting ring. Ancre selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les deux parties de méplat (21a, 21b) formant la tête (1) sont écartées l'une de l'autre, l'ancre comprenant une tête (30) interposée entre les deux parties de méplat (21a, 21b).Anchor according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the two flat portions (21a, 21b) forming the head (1) are spaced from each other, the anchor comprising a head (30) interposed between the two flat portions (21a, 21b).
EP08300079A 2008-02-08 2008-02-08 Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches Withdrawn EP2088112A1 (en)

Priority Applications (17)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08300079A EP2088112A1 (en) 2008-02-08 2008-02-08 Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches
PL09709462T PL2252539T3 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
PT09709462T PT2252539E (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
DK09709462.7T DK2252539T3 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling building elements with fixed, divergent arms
EP09709462A EP2252539B1 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
NZ587346A NZ587346A (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
BRPI0905954-7A BRPI0905954A2 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for manipulation of building elements comprising divergent branches
ES09709462T ES2388989T3 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Maintenance anchor of construction elements comprising fixed divergent branches
JP2010545541A JP5504448B2 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Handling anchor for construction materials
KR1020107019969A KR101580940B1 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Handling anchor for construction elements having maintained diverging branches
CA2714270A CA2714270C (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
US12/865,425 US8353133B2 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
AU2009213917A AU2009213917B2 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
MX2010008705A MX2010008705A (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms.
PCT/FR2009/050207 WO2009101353A1 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms
RU2010136358/11A RU2500607C2 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Lift anchor for construction parts with supporting diverging branches
CN200980104524.2A CN101939245B (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08300079A EP2088112A1 (en) 2008-02-08 2008-02-08 Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches

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EP2088112A1 true EP2088112A1 (en) 2009-08-12

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EP08300079A Withdrawn EP2088112A1 (en) 2008-02-08 2008-02-08 Anchor for supporting construction elements on supported diverging branches
EP09709462A Not-in-force EP2252539B1 (en) 2008-02-08 2009-02-09 Anchor for handling construction elements comprising fixed divergent arms

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US (1) US8353133B2 (en)
EP (2) EP2088112A1 (en)
JP (1) JP5504448B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101580940B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101939245B (en)
AU (1) AU2009213917B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0905954A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2714270C (en)
DK (1) DK2252539T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2388989T3 (en)
MX (1) MX2010008705A (en)
NZ (1) NZ587346A (en)
PL (1) PL2252539T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2252539E (en)
RU (1) RU2500607C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009101353A1 (en)

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CA2714270C (en) 2015-10-06
US20110000148A1 (en) 2011-01-06
WO2009101353A1 (en) 2009-08-20
KR101580940B1 (en) 2015-12-30
DK2252539T3 (en) 2012-09-03
US8353133B2 (en) 2013-01-15
CA2714270A1 (en) 2009-08-20
RU2500607C2 (en) 2013-12-10
PL2252539T3 (en) 2013-02-28
NZ587346A (en) 2013-03-28
JP5504448B2 (en) 2014-05-28
BRPI0905954A2 (en) 2015-06-30
EP2252539A1 (en) 2010-11-24
PT2252539E (en) 2012-09-04
JP2011511193A (en) 2011-04-07
EP2252539B1 (en) 2012-06-06
AU2009213917A1 (en) 2009-08-20
CN101939245B (en) 2014-06-25
AU2009213917B2 (en) 2014-08-28
CN101939245A (en) 2011-01-05
RU2010136358A (en) 2012-03-20
ES2388989T3 (en) 2012-10-22
MX2010008705A (en) 2010-08-30
KR20100109980A (en) 2010-10-11

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