FR2771482A1 - Integral convective and radiating heat exchanger surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat exchanger comprises a top and bottom manifold separated by a specific profile formed by an external I section wall and an internal rectangular wall. The profile defines a heat carrying fluid circulation zone having four vertical conduits (3) separated by partitions (11,21) and three vertical conduits forming a convection chimney (1) and two convection half chimneys (2). There is a sealing joint between the manifolds and the profile.

Description

 The present invention relates to a set of elements intended for heating dwellings, offices, workshops, etc. with a heat transfer fluid heated by a boiler. For a very long time there have been different devices of convector radiators operating on the same principle: steel panels, cast iron columns, aluminum elements, etc.

 The essence of the present invention consists in significantly improving the thermal efficiency obtained from a modular exchanger, made up of specific parts forming an assembly called an element (fig. 0), characterized in that it comprises a high collector (7) and a bottom manifold (7), spaced by a specific profile (6) itself consisting of an outer wall substantially in the form of a capital I and an inner wall disposed inside the outer wall of form substantially rectangular (fig. l); said profile (6), of height which can vary as desired, defines a circulation zone for heat-transfer fluid having 4 vertical circulation conduits (3) (fig. 1 and fig. l bis), separated by partitions (11 ) and (21) allowing better distribution and circulation of the heat transfer fluid, and 3 vertical conduits forming a chimney (I) and 2 half-chimneys (2) of convection for the air to be heated. The invention is also characterized in that the seal between the profile (6) (fig. 1) and the collectors (7) top and bottom (fig. 21) is ensured by a seal (8) conformed to the section of the profile (6) (fig. 24), a mechanical assembly between the profile (6) and the collectors (7) high and low (fig. 0) ensuring the maintenance of the compression of said joint using 'a set of screws. This thermal system, adjustable in height (the height of the profile (6) can be adapted to all situations) also has the characteristic of being able to be modulated aesthetically by the addition of hubcaps (100) and / or (101 ) can be clipped onto the top and bottom manifolds (7) (fig. 25). This makes it possible to modify the final aesthetics of the elements by varying the shape of the hubcaps (100) and (101). The element thus formed can be mounted in batteries of several elements in order to obtain the required thermal power (fig. 0 bis).

This mounting in batteries is carried out from female connection pieces threaded right and left, called female nipples (102), (fig. 27), cooperating with the manifold (7) by its threaded parts (54).

 The profile (6) coming from the wiring (fig. 1 and fig. L bis) has 3 vertical conduits forming a chimney (1) and 2 half-chimneys (2) allowing the free convection of the air to be heated. The central chimney is separated from the two side half-chimneys by vertical pipes. circulation of the heat transfer fluid (20) forming two double walls. The chimneys (l) and (2) are delimited on the rear face and the front face of the profile (6) by means of vertical conduits for circulation of the heat transfer fluid (10) also forming two double walls. In order to improve the flow and the mixture of the heat transfer fluid inside the element, 2 thin partitions (21) dividing each conduit (20) and 2 pierced cylindrical parts (11) dividing each conduit (10) are provided. ; which divides the distribution of the heat transfer fluid into 4 zones (3) for each profile (6). The shape of the profile (6) thus makes it possible to obtain a maximum exchange surface between the heat transfer fluid and the air, the heat transfers by conduction are reduced to the strict minimum; moreover, the radiation transfers to the façades seen are significantly improved.

 The assembly of several elements between them, in battery (fig. 2), forms a succession of vertical convection chimneys, without breaking between them and sealed in facades to possible disturbances of the rising air thanks to rods adaptable in length ( 9) (fig. 3), arranged by clipping between the conduits (10) front and rear of each of the profiles (6) forming a part of the battery of elements.

 The profile (6) (fig. 1) has 8 small full fins (12) over its entire height.

These fins are intended for a variant of the invention. which consists in obtaining a system of drawers in the chimneys (1) and (2) (fig. 4). These drawers are made up of heat dissipating elements intended to increase the surface of exchange with the air, (31), (32), without limitation of shapes and materials; these drawers are slid between the fins (12) and the conduits (20) and fixed by simple contact or by gluing.

 FIG. 5 represents a variant of the profile (6) comprising a slide device (22) making it possible to include dissipation fins (33) or (34), without limitation of shapes and materials; this device also aims to significantly increase the surface area for exchange with air.

 Figure 6 shows the profile (6bis) which is the profile (6) described above modified by the addition of an additional channel (40) or circulates the heat transfer fluid, connecting the two channels (20) and dividing the chimney (1) in two smaller chimneys (1). This device increases the circulation of the heat transfer fluid (3) and the exchange surface of this fluid with the air to be heated. Figure 7 shows a variant of the profile (6bis), the additional channel dividing the chimney (1) into two smaller chimneys (1), connects the front and rear channels (10).

 FIG. 8 presents a variant of the profile (6), by the addition of fins (23) coming directly from the spinning, which increase the surface area for exchange with the air. These fins are arranged in the chimneys (1) and (2), on either side of the channels (20). FIG. 9 presents a variant on the profile (6), by the addition of fins (23) coming directly from the spinning, which increase the surface area for exchange with the air. These fins are arranged only in the chimney (1) perpendicular to the walls of the channels (20).

 FIG. 10 presents a variant of the profile (6) by the addition of channels (30) modifying the shape of the channels (20), the object of which is to increase both the surfaces for exchange with the air and with the heat transfer fluid. These channels (30) are arranged in the chimney (1), perpendicular to the channels (20). FIG. 11 shows a variant of the profile (6) by the addition of channels (30) modifying the shape of the channels (20), which has the object of increasing both the surfaces for exchange with air and with the heat transfer fluid. These channels (30) are arranged in the chimneys (I) and (2), perpendicular to the channels (20). FIG. 12 presents a variant of the profile (6bis) by the addition of channels (30) modifying the shape of the channels (20), the object of which is to increase ia both the surfaces for exchange with air and with the heat transfer fluid. These channels (30) are arranged in the two half-chimneys (2), perpendicular to the channels (20).

 Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 show different profiles using the same concept as the profile (6) (fig. 1). These profiles are not limiting.

 The closing and connecting part, called collector (7), (fig. 21), is a molded assembly, necessary for the upper and lower closing of the profile (6) (fig. 0); this collector (7) is used for the distribution of the coolant circulating in the channel (5), going towards the profile (6) or coming from the latter towards the channel (5), passing through the channels (4). The collector (7) (fig. 21) has a groove (50) over the entire periphery in its hollow part (4); this groove is intended to receive a seal (8), (fig. 24) compressed by the profile (6) at the bottom of the groove. In order to control the crushing of the seal, on the one hand, 4 metal surfaces (5l) 'are provided inside the collector (7) (fig. 21) cooperating with the walls (21) of the profile (6) (fig. 1), and on the other hand 4 metallic surfaces (52) inside the manifold (7) cooperating with the 2 pierced cylindrical parts (11) of the profile (6) (fig. 1), this assembly forming a metal-to-metal support ensures dimensional control and crushing of the seal (8). Compression is maintained by 4 screws, 2 for the top manifold (7) and 2 for the bottom manifold (7), passing through the manifold (7) through the holes (53); these screws cooperate with the holes in the parts (11) of the profile (6) (fig. 1).

 The collector (7) is also used for the connection between elements (fig. 0), and allows to obtain a battery of elements (fig. 0 bis). This assembly is carried out from female connection pieces tapped right and left, called female nipples (102), (fig.

27), cooperating with the manifold (7) by its threaded parts (54); Sealing between elements is obtained by fitting a fiber joint (103) or the like between the two spans (55).

 This system has two obvious advantages: a) mounting, from the outside instead of the inside, of elements to be nippled, b) significant improvement in the flow of the heat transfer fluid through the channels (5) at the passage of the between elements.

 There are provided, on the manifold (7) (fig. 21), fins (60) capable of receiving a finishing grid in the upper part; the main purpose of these fins is to present an aesthetic facade. Furthermore, these fins are connected to the central cylinder (70) by means of four fins (61) serving as stiffeners. Notches (62) in the fins (61) and bearing surfaces (63) located at the base (75) of the manifold (7), are intended to ensure the retention by clipping, of the hubcaps making it possible to modify the final aesthetics of the elements. A variant without fin of the manifold (7) is presented in FIG. 23. The system for clipping hubcaps is then provided by bearing surfaces (63a) and notches (62a). FIGS. 25a and 25b show the mounting of the top (100) and bottom (101) covers on the assembly composed of the profile (6) and the top and bottom collectors (7) via the bearings (63) (respectively ( 63a)), and notches (62) (respectively (62a)). The (fig. 26) shows the clipping mode of the hubcaps. This system allows, while retaining the thermal principle of the invention, to vary the aesthetics of the element as desired by simply changing the model of the hubcap.

 FIG. 22 shows the variant of the manifold (7) adapted to the profile (6bis) (FIG. 6), this closure part being modified accordingly by the addition of an additional channel (80). This device increases the circulation of the heat transfer fluid towards the profile (6bis) and the surface of exchange of this fluid with the walls.

 Figure 24 shows the seal (8) whose shape matches the section of the profile (6).

This seal (8) ensures sealing between the profile (6) and the collectors (7) top and bottom (fig. 0). This seal (8) may include self-centering fixing lugs (90), (91), (92) which allow it to cooperate with the profile (6) (fig. 1). The shape of the upper part of the seal is adapted to the shape of the groove (50) and of the metal bearings (52) in the manifold (7).

 Figure 28 shows a molded assembly, formed by 2 collectors (7) (fig. 21).

This double monobloc piece forms a double collector which can receive two profiles (6) (fig. 1). This device allows optimized mounting of batteries of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc., elements (fig. 0). A simple element allows the mounting of odd batteries. This double manifold can include all the arrangements and modifications mentioned for the manifold (7) (fig. 21).

 A variant is provided to increase the heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the walls of the exchanger (profile (6)). 11 is to stir the heat transfer fluid to change the flow regime of the heat transfer fluid and thus improve the heat exchange coefficient with the walls. A system with offset grids positioned inside the channels (3) in one or more sections of the profile (6) allows this mixing.

 A variant is provided to increase the heat transfers between the walls of the exchanger (profile (6)) and the air to be heated. it involves stirring the air to be heated in order to increase the path of each convective cell (air heated by natural convection) and thus improve the heat exchange coefficient with the walls. A system with offset and / or helical grids positioned inside the chimney (1) and / or two half-chimneys (2), along all or part of the profile (6) allows this mixing (fig. Bibis ).

Claims (14)

 1) Heat exchanger for heating homes, offices, workshops,  etc ... made up of specific parts forming an assembly called an element, characterized by  what it includes a high collector (7) and a low collector (7), spaced by a profile  specific (6) itself consisting of an outer wall substantially I-shaped  capital and an internal wall arranged inside the external wall of form  substantially rectangular, said profile (6), of height which can vary as desired, defines a  heat transfer fluid circulation zone having 4 vertical circulation conduits (3),  separated by partitions (11) and (21) allowing better distribution and circulation of the  heat transfer fluid, and 3 vertical conduits forming a chimney (1) and 2  half-chimneys (2) for convection of the air to be heated; and in that the seal between the  profile (6) and the top and bottom collectors (7) is ensured by a shaped gasket (8)  in the section of the profile (6), a mechanical assembly between the profile (6) and the collectors (7)  top and bottom ensuring the compression of said joint using a set of  screw.  2) Exchanger according to claim 1, comprising a high molded part and a  low molded part (collectors (7)), each provided with a groove (50) capable of receiving the seal (8) - and with a metal-to-metal contact system between the collectors (7) (carried  (51), (52)) and the profile (6) (walls (21), drilled cylindrical parts (11)), ensuring the  dimensional control and compression of the joint (8).  3) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising  a seal (8) in the upper and lower part, compressed in the groove (50) of the manifold (7) by the  profile (6), self-centered on the profile (6) using lugs (90), (91), (92), and ensuring  the seal between the heat transfer fluid and the outside air.  4) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising  a clipping device (62), (63), (as a variant (62a), (63a)) making it possible to add  different top (100) and bottom (101) cover profiles and thus allowing modification  the final aesthetics of the elements and the direction of the convective flow of hot air.  5) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, having 8  protruding fins (12), making it possible to position different profiles for dissipating  heat (31), (32), not limiting in shapes and materials, conducting heat by contact  or by gluing and increasing the exchange surface with air.  6) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, having, from attachment devices (22), the possibility of fitting by contact or bonding of the heat-conductive attached fins (33), (34), not limiting in shapes and materials.  7) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an additional channel for circulation of the heat transfer fluid (40), allowing the increase in the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid and the increase in the area of exchange of the latter with the air.  8) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising solid fins (23) of heat dissipation, allowing the increase of the surface of exchange with air.  9) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising heat dissipation channels (30) allowing both the increase in the exchange surface with the air and with the heat transfer fluid, and allowing the increase of the heat transfer fluid flow.  10) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, allowing the mounting of elements in batteries. Assembly is carried out from female connection pieces tapped right and left, called female nipples (102), cooperating with the manifold (7) by its threaded parts (54); the tightness between elements being obtained by the installation of a fiber joint (103) or other between the two bearing surfaces (55) of the collectors (7) mounted in batteries. This system has two decisive advantages: a, \ mounting, from the outside instead of the inside, of elements to be nippled, b) significant improvement in the flow of the heat-transfer fluid as well as the bleeding through the channels (5 ) when passing the interface between elements.  11) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a double monobloc collector formed by 2 collectors (7) integral, allowing optimization of mounting in batteries.  ~. ~ ~. ~~ ..12 $ Heat exchanger according to .. any one of the preceding claims, having a succession of convection chimneys (2) sealed in front and rear facades, by the addition of profiled strips (9 ), over the entire height of the element, thus allowing a significant improvement in the convection exchange in the half-chimneys (2).  13) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, having a convection chimney (1) and two half-chimneys (2) comprising an air stirring system improving the heat exchange with the air.  14) Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the channels (3) have elements for stirring the heat transfer fluid improving the heat exchange with the walls.