FR2753118A1 - TENSIONER FOR LANYARD, PARTICULARLY FOR CLAMP - Google Patents

Abstract

This is a clamp comprising two parts (15, 16), which are articulated to each other, with, rotatably mounted on the part (15), for gripping a strap to be stretched and cut , a ratchet (18) provided with a lashing notch (24) and biased by a spring (25) in a direction for which this lashing notch (24) approaches a bearing surface (20) fixed. According to the invention, on the one hand, the ratchet (18) comprises, at a distance from the lashing notch (24), a stop cross member (49) preventing any contact of the lashing notch (24) with the surface d 'support (20) when the clamp is open when empty, and, on the other hand, it comprises, between this lashing notch and this stop cross member (49), a recess (43). Application, in particular, to pulling and cutting pliers for hose clamps.

Description

"Tension clamp for lanyard, in particular for hose clamp"

  The present invention relates generally to traction clamps which, for the exercise of traction on a strap, such as that of a clamp, comprises, overall, two parts mounted movable relative to one another to the other, namely, on the one hand, a part called hereinafter by simple convenience movable part, which, for gripping the strap, is provided with a ratchet mounted to rotate opposite a surface of fixed support on this moving part, this ratchet having at least one lashing notch parallel to this bearing surface and being subjected to elastic polarization means which permanently urge it in rotation in a direction for which this lashing notch approaches this bearing surface, and, on the other hand, a part, called below for simple convenience fixed part, which, to provide a stop for the moving part at rest, comprises a plate in the direction of which this moving part is constantly requested by

elastic return means.

  For example, the moving part is a simple zipper

  movable mounted in translation on the fixed part.

  This is the case, in particular, for the traction and cutting pliers described in American patent No 3 993 109, in which the fixed part is equipped with static cutting means, this fixed part having, for the strap, a passage of which the lips form a knife, so that, to cut this strip after it has been the subject of a

  traction, it is enough to twist the assembly relative to it.

  Alternatively, the moving part and the fixed part can

  be hinged to each other, like handles.

  This is the case, in particular, for the traction and cutting forceps forming the subject of French patent No 77 16827, in which the handle forming the fixed part is equipped with more specific mobile cutting means for cutting the

strap.

  Anyway, the present invention relates

  more particularly the ratchet of the moving part.

  To date, and this is the case in French patent No 77 16827 mentioned above, this ratchet is a massive piece comprising several lashing notches, each of which is formed by the end edge of a tooth more or less tapered resulting from shaping or machining of this massive part. The one of these securing notches which is forward in the direction of rotation of the ratchet is in practice the most active, insofar as it serves to hang the strap and to drive the ratchet in the self-wedging position against its surface. support

through this strap.

  The other securing notches only intervene eventually, each in turn, when the thickness of the strap justifies it, thus ensuring additional tightening, until a balance is established between the

  various action and reaction efforts involved.

  But this then results in a more accentuated penetration of the first lashing notch, or active lashing notch, in the strap, at the risk of untimely sectioning of the latter, the penetration of this active lashing notch in the strap being in practice depending on the nature of the material

constitutive of the latter.

  In addition, if it is acted on the traction clamp when empty, that is to say if it is acted on this traction clamp without a strap being engaged with the ratchet of its moving part, this ratchet comes to bear on the bearing surface which is associated with it on this movable part, and, this bearing surface usually being provided with a certain coating, whether it is a coating of synthetic material or a layer of paint, this may result in penetration of the active lashing notch of this ratchet in this coating such as to inadvertently block this ratchet against this bearing surface, at the risk of a subsequent malfunction of

all.

  In some cases, however, rather than coming to bear against the bearing surface by any lashing notch, the ratchet comes to bear on this bearing surface by its extreme edge, at a distance from its lashing notches, this extreme edge intervening circumferentially upstream

  of these in the corresponding direction of rotation.

  But, acting transversely over the entire width of the path of the strap, in the manner of a securing notch, this extreme ridge of the ratchet may as well lead itself to an untimely blocking of the ratchet against

its support surface.

  In U.S. Patent No. 3,993,109 mentioned above

  above, the ratchet is reduced to a simple plate, the edge of which forms a securing notch, and, by a lateral extension situated in its plane, this plate corollarily forms stop means, which operate away from the path of the strap, and which, when empty, and moving part separated from the plate of the fixed part, define, for the ratchet, independently of the lashing notch of the latter and of the bearing surface which is associated with it, a extreme angular position for which this securing notch is at most in contact

of this bearing surface.

  Intervening angularly right in the lashing notch, these abutment means are not such as to allow easy control of the relative position of

  this lashing notch relative to the support surface of the ratchet.

  It turns out, moreover, that, at the front of the ratchet securing notch (s), it frequently develops, over time, a certain accumulation of chips or debris from the strips successively treated, in particular

  in the case where this ratchet has several securing notches.

  The fouling of which this ratchet is thus gradually the object is inevitably detrimental to its proper functioning. The present invention generally relates to a provision for eliminating the various

disadvantages mentioned above.

  More specifically, it relates to a pulling pliers for a strap of the kind comprising two parts mounted to move relative to one another, namely, on the one hand, a piece, here called a moving piece, which for gripping such a strap, is provided with a ratchet rotatably mounted facing a fixed bearing surface on the moving part, this ratchet having at least one lashing notch parallel to this bearing surface and being subjected to elastic polarization means which permanently urge it in rotation in a direction for which this securing notch approaches this bearing surface, and, on the other hand, a part, here called a fixed part, which , to provide a stop for the moving part at rest, comprises a plate in the direction of which this moving part is permanently urged by elastic return means, with, between the ratchet and the moving part, stop means, which, empty, and moving part moved away from the plate of the fixed part, define, for the ratchet, independently of the securing notch and the bearing surface, an extreme angular position for which this securing notch is at most in contact with this bearing surface, this clamp of traction being generally characterized in that, jointly, on the one hand, the abutment means provided between the ratchet and the moving part intervene circumferentially at a distance from the lashing notch, and, on the other hand, the ratchet comprises, between these stop means and its securing notch, a recess. For example, and according to a preferred embodiment, the stop means intervene downstream of the securing notch, and the latter then borders the recess of the ratchet of the

upstream side of this recess.

  Thanks to this recess, the chips and other strap debris are then systematically removed, which, by avoiding progressive fouling of the ratchet, advantageously ensures

  to this ratchet the sustainability of its proper functioning.

  But, as a variant, the stop means can

  also intervene upstream of the securing notch if desired.

  In all cases, thanks to these stop means, which are provided for this purpose, there is no risk of the ratchet blocking on the bearing surface of the moving part when the traction clamp is actuated. when empty, this ratchet then not coming to bear on this bearing surface by any lashing notch, but by these abutment means, and these then on the contrary effectively limiting the engagement movement of this ratchet relative to to this bearing surface. Furthermore, by the circumferential offset occurring between these abutment means and the ratchet securing notch, it is advantageously possible to control at best

  the extreme angular position of the latter.

  Jointly, when, in service, a strap to be cut is engaged with the ratchet, these abutment means advantageously limit the penetration of the lashing notch in this strap, and the latter is thus advantageously provided. It turns out, moreover, that even if limited in this way, the penetration of this securing notch in the strap is sufficient for a

effective capture of it.

  The arrangement according to the invention therefore advantageously combines with a simplified, and economical, production of the ratchet, leading to the presence of only one notch

lashing on it.

  According to this embodiment, the ratchet is made of sheet metal which is suitably cut and folded, and, gross of cutting, its notch

  lashing does not require any shaping or machining.

  The characteristics and advantages of the invention

  will emerge from the description which follows,

  by way of example, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings in which: FIG. 1 is, with local cutouts, a plan view of the traction clamp according to the invention; Figure 2 shows, on a larger scale, the detail of Figure 1 identified by an insert II in this Figure 1, for the empty position, and closed, of this traction clamp; Figure 3 is a detail view similar to that of Figure 2, for its open position; Figure 4 is also a detail view similar to that of Figure 2 when, by the zipper forming its initial section, a strap is engaged with the ratchet provided for this purpose; Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 4, when the strap is engaged with this ratchet by its notched section; Figure 6 is, on a different scale, a perspective view of this ratchet, shown in isolation; Figures 7 to 17 are perspective views, which, similar to that of Figure 6, relate, each respectively, to alternative embodiments of this ratchet; Figure 18 is a view similar to that of the figure for the alternative embodiment of Figure 17. In Figure 1, there is a tension clamp 10 of the type described in French patent No. 77 16827, and it s more specifically, in this case, a clamp

traction and cutting.

  This traction clamp 10 is in fact intended to allow, on the one hand, to exert first of all traction on a strap 11, and, for example, on the strap 11 of a clamp 12, which, in favor of the closing head 13 thereof, is looped over one or more members, not shown, to be clamped, and, in a manner known per se, this strap 11 comprises, successively, two sections, namely , a zipper 11 ', which forms its initial section, and a notched section 11 ", and, on the other hand, to cut, then, at the desired moment, this strap 11, in the vicinity, for example, of the head

  closure 13 in which it is engaged.

  This pulling clamp 10 being well known by it-

  even, it will only be briefly described here, only being detailed below those of its elements which are necessary

  understanding the invention.

  In practice, this traction clamp 10 generally comprises two parts 15, 16 which, specific to its gripping,

  are mounted movable relative to each other.

  More specifically, these parts 15, 16 are articulated

  to each other by an axis 17 in the manner of handles.

  The part 15, called here moving part, is responsible for allowing the grip of the strap 11, and it therefore forms a

pull handle.

  It is provided for this purpose with a ratchet 18 which, rotatably mounted around an axis 19 parallel to the axis 17, acts opposite a bearing surface 20 fixed on it. In the embodiment shown, this moving part 15 has, in cross section, a U-shaped profile, with a central part 21, which is the one on which it is acted, and

two side wings 22.

  The ratchet 18 extends between the lateral wings 22, and

  its axis 19 is substantially perpendicular thereto.

  As for the bearing surface 20, it is formed by angled returns 22 ', superimposed on each other, wings

side 22.

  According to arrangements described in more detail later, the ratchet 18 has, parallel to the bearing surface 20, and, therefore, parallel to its axis 19, at

  minus a lashing notch 24, for gripping the strap 11.

  In practice, in the embodiments shown, the ratchet 18 has only one lashing notch 24. In a manner known per se, the ratchet 18 is subjected to elastic polarization means 25 which permanently urge it in rotation in a direction for which, as shown diagrammatically by an arrow F1 in FIGS. 2 to 5, this notch

  lashing 24 approaches the bearing surface 20.

  In practice, in the embodiments shown, these elastic polarization means 25 are constituted by a bending spring, which, by a helical middle portion 26, is engaged on the axis 19, and one branch 27 of which bears on the ratchet 18 while its other branch 28 is supported on the movable part 15, being for example engaged to do this with a lug 29 formed by means of a puncture of the corresponding lateral wing 22 thereof, FIG. 1 As a corollary, the part 16, here called the fixed part, is equipped with cutting means 30, for cutting the

  strap 11, and therefore it forms a cutting handle.

  In practice, in the embodiments shown, these cutting means 30 consist of a knife mounted to slide in contact with a plate 31 which the fixed part 16 presents transversely opposite the moving part 15, and, located in the substantially extending the bearing wall 20 of the movable part 15, this plate 31

  has an opening 32 for the passage of the strap 11.

  By a return to square 33, the knife forming the cutting means 30 is supported on a stop 34 carried by a cutting lever 35 rotatably mounted on the fixed part 16 around an axis 36 parallel to the axis 17, and , beyond this stop 34, it is coupled to a spring 38, which, at its other end,

is coupled to the moving part 15.

  The spring 38 thus constitutes by itself elastic return means by which the movable part 15 is permanently biased towards the plate 31 of the fixed part 16, and, at rest, this plate 31 therefore provides a stop

supporting the moving part 15.

  For the closed position shown in Figures 1 and 2, the movable part 15 abuts by its lateral wings 22 against the plate 31 of the fixed part 16, and the knife forming the cutting means 30 is kept at a distance from the opening 32

of this plate 31.

  The ratchet 18 comprises a bearing heel 40, by which, at rest, for this closed position of the traction clamp, it bears on the fixed part 16, and, more precisely, on the plate 31 thereof, in thus being held by this fixed part 16 in an angular position for which, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, its lashing notch 24 is

  widely spaced from the bearing surface 20 associated therewith.

  In a manner known per se, there is provided, between the ratchet 18 and the moving part 15, independently of the securing notch 24 and of the bearing surface 20 already capable of intervening therebetween, abutment means 42 which, when empty, and moving part 15 spaced from the plate 31 of the fixed part 16, the two parts 15, 16 being in practice brought closer to each other at their end opposite to the ratchet 18, along the double arrow F2 of Figure 1, define, for the ratchet 18, an extreme angular position for which its notch

  lashing 24 is at most in contact with the bearing surface 20.

  According to the invention, and jointly, on the one hand, the abutment means 42 provided between the ratchet 18 and the moving part intervene circumferentially at a distance from the securing notch 24, and, on the other hand, the ratchet 18 comprises, between these abutment means 42 and its securing notch 24, a recess 43. In the embodiments more particularly shown in FIGS. 1 to 16, the abutment means 42 intervene circumferentially downstream of the securing notch 24 in the direction of engagement of the strap 11, that is to say in the direction of engagement of this strap 11 between the ratchet 18 and the bearing surface 20, as indicated by the arrow F3 in FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5, and therefore circumferentially upstream of the securing notch 24 in the direction of rotation of the ratchet 18 going towards its extreme angular position represented in FIG. 3, as shown schematically by the arrow

Fl in Figures 2 to 5.

  In practice, for the extreme angular position of the ratchet 18, the lashing notch 24 of this ratchet 18 is preferably at a distance from the bearing surface 20, as

shown in figure 3.

  In the embodiments shown, the ratchet 18 comprises, substantially square with each other, on the one hand, a middle part 45, one of the transverse edges of which carries the lashing notch 24, while that, apart from a possible cutting burr 40 ', the opposite transverse edge forms the bearing heel 40, and, on the other hand, at least one lateral wing 46, by which it is pivotally mounted on the part mobile 15, and, more precisely, on the axis 19 carried by the latter, this wing

  lateral 46 comprising for this purpose a bore 47.

  In the embodiments more particularly represented in FIGS. 1 to 14, the ratchet 18 comprises, in the manner of a U-shaped part, a middle part 45 and two

  lateral wings 46, each of which has a bore 47.

  Generally, the abutment means 42 provided between the ratchet 18 and the movable part 15 comprise, on this movable part 15, an abutment surface 48, which is interposed on the path of the ratchet 18 when, under the stress of the elastic polarization means 25 associated therewith, this ratchet 18 approaches the bearing surface 20 of the part

mobile 15.

  In practice, in the embodiments shown, the abutment surface 48 is formed by this bearing surface 20, or, more precisely, is in continuity

with it.

  In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the stop means 42 comprise, on the ratchet 18, a stop cross-member 49, which, integral with at least one of the lateral wings 46 of this ratchet 18, s 'extends transversely, downstream of the middle part 45 thereof, at a distance therefrom, on the other side of the recess 43 relative to the securing notch 24, and, in practice, parallel

to the latter.

  More specifically, in these embodiments, the abutment crosspiece 49 extends continuously from one to the other of the lateral wings 46 of the ratchet 18, being in one piece with

both of them.

  In addition, this abutment crosspiece 49 extends substantially level with the middle part 45, that is to say in the plane of the latter, while having, in the direction of engagement marked by the arrow F3 in Figures 1, 2, 4

  and 5, a width much less than that thereof.

  Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 16, the securing notch 24 of the ratchet 18 extends on the upstream side of the recess 43 thereof,

  plumb or on the edge of this recess 43.

  In the embodiments more particularly shown in FIGS. 1 to 12, this securing notch 24 is formed by a tongue 50 which extends obliquely the middle part 45 of the ratchet 18, along at least a portion of the relevant transverse edge of this middle part 45,

  that is to say along its downstream edge.

  For example, and this is the case in the embodiments shown, this tongue 50 extends substantially over the entire length of the downstream transverse edge

of the middle part 45.

  In the embodiment shown in the figure

  6, it is connected at full length thereto.

  As a variant, in FIG. 7, recesses 51 allow a greater length to be obtained for the lashing notch 24. In all cases, the lashing notch 24 is formed by an edge of this tongue 50, and, like this, it therefore comes directly from cutting, even during the production of the ratchet 18, without any resumption of machining or

shaping for this one.

  In all cases, also, the lashing notch 24 projects on the plane common to the middle part 45 of the

  ratchet 18 and the abutment crosspiece 49.

  It follows, moreover, from the above, that, in the embodiments shown, the recess 43 provided according to the invention on the ratchet 18 extends over the entire width thereof, that is to say - say across the width of its

middle part 45.

  When the traction clamp 10 is closed, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ratchet 18 carries by its bearing heel 40 on the plate 31 of the fixed part 16, and, pushed back by this fixed part 16 under the biasing of the spring 38, but against its own elastic biasing means 25, it occupies an angular position for which its middle part 45 is housed with the bearing surface, substantially in continuity with the opening 32 of the plate 31 , a passage 52 suitable for engaging the strap 11 through this opening 32, as shown diagrammatically by a

arrow F3 in Figures 1 and 2.

  When, as shown schematically by the double arrow F2 in FIG. 1, the moving part 15 is brought closer to the fixed part 16 when empty, the ratchet 18 is released, and, under the stress of its elastic polarization means 25, it pivots around its axis 19 in the direction tending to bring its securing notch 24 closer to the bearing surface 20, as

  shown schematically by the arrow F1 in FIG. 2.

  But its abutment crosspiece 49 comes to bear on the bearing surface 20, or, more exactly, on the abutment surface 48 belonging to, or extending, the latter, thereby preventing the lashing notch 24 from taking itself same contact with

this support surface 20.

  For the extreme angular position which is then that of the ratchet 18, the lashing notch 24 thus remains at a distance from

  the bearing surface 20, as shown in FIG. 3.

  There is therefore no risk of anchoring this lashing notch 24 in the possible covering, not shown on

  the figures, of the support surface 20.

  Alternatively, the lashing notch 24 could at most

  be in contact with this support surface 20.

  In the embodiment shown, the abutment crosspiece 49 carries on the bearing surface 20 by its edge the

  further from the middle part 45 of the ratchet 18.

  But, alternatively, it might as well

  lay flat on this support surface 20.

  When, in service, a strap 11, already passed through the closing head 13, is engaged in the opening 32 of the plate 31 of the fixed part 16, then in the passage 52 of the moving part 15, and that, as previously, the moving part is brought closer to the fixed part 16, the process is the same

than the one described above.

  But, as shown in Figure 4, the ratchet 18 then comes to carry by its lashing notch 24 on the pull tab 11 'of this strap 11, Figure 4, or on its notched section

11 ", Figure 5.

  In either case, the ratchet 18 exerts on the strap 11 a sufficient pressure so that it is

  immobilized with respect to the moving part 15.

  If, therefore, the movement of the parts 15, 16 is continued, the strap 11 is subjected to traction between the moving part 15 and the fixed part 16, as shown schematically by the

arrow F4 in FIG. 4.

  As a corollary, by coming to bear also on the strap 11, the abutment crosspiece 49 of the ratchet 18 limits

  advantageously the penetration of the lashing notch 24 thereof

here in this strap 11.

  In other words, this abutment crosspiece 49 advantageously makes it possible to maintain at a determined value the penetration depth of the lashing notch 24 in the strap

  11, whatever the total thickness of this strap 11.

  The breaking section of the strap 11 is therefore advantageously known, and the maximum value of the tensile force which this strap is capable of withstanding 11

  can thus be advantageously controlled.

  Once the clamp 12 duly tightened, it suffices to actuate the cutting lever 35 to cut the

  strap 11 in line with the plate 31 of the fixed part 16.

  As and when possible chips or debris are formed, these chips or debris are removed by the recess

  43 provided according to the invention on the ratchet 18.

  In the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the stop cross-member 49 is split into two

  sections 53, one for each of the lateral wings 46.

  In the variant embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the stop cross-member 49 extends in door to

  false from one of the side wings 46.

  For example, and as shown, it spans

  the entire width of the middle part 45.

  In the embodiment shown in the figure

  9, it then rests on the other lateral wing 46.

  As a variant, FIG. 10, it remains at a distance therefrom. However, the abutment crosspiece 49 can just as easily have a reduced length, in the manner of the sections 53

  described with reference to Figure 8.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the stop means 42 comprise, on the ratchet 18, at least one stop heel 49 ', which, integral with a lateral wing 46 of the ratchet 18, projects from a return at square 54 thereof, downstream of the middle part 45 of the ratchet 18, at a distance from this middle part 45, on the other side of

  the recess 43 relative to the securing notch 24.

  For example, and as shown, each of the lateral wings 46 of the ratchet 18 has a square return 54 on

  which projects a stop heel 49 '.

  The two abutment heels 49 'thus presented by the ratchet 18 extend substantially in the same plane, being both elongated parallel to its lashing notch 24. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 12 at 14, the abutment means 42 comprise, on the ratchet 18, at least one abutment heel 49 ", which, integral with a lateral wing 46 of this ratchet 18, locally extends the latter, downstream of the middle part 45 of the ratchet 18, at a distance from this central part 45, on the other side of the recess 43 by

relative to the lashing notch 24.

  For example, and as shown, each of the lateral wings 46 is extended, locally, in one piece, and

  according to its plan, by a 49 "stop heel.

  Anyway, the recess 43 then opens downstream, that is to say in the direction opposite to the middle part 45. In the embodiment shown in Figure 12, the lashing notch 24 is formed, as before, by

a tongue 50.

  Alternatively, Figures 13 and 14, it is formed directly by the relevant transverse edge of the part

median 45.

  For example, in Figure 13, the lashing notch 24 remains,

as before, continuous.

  As a variant, in FIG. 14, it is crenellated, and therefore segmented, which reduces its useful length and thus minimizes

  the risk of shearing for the strap 11.

  In all cases, it is preferably arranged, by construction, that either the two abutment heels 49 "are both able to bear simultaneously on the strap 11, or they are on the contrary the one and the other

  systematically prevented from doing so.

  It suffices, for example, in the first case, to bring the two abutment heels 49 "sufficiently close to one another, in the manner of the abutment heels 49 'of the form of

  embodiment shown in Figure 11.

  In the second case, it suffices to provide, on the movable part 15, guide means such as to ensure proper centering of the strap 11 relative to the stop heels 49 "so that it passes without fail between them. Ci, these stop heels 49 "then coming to bear, either on this strap 11, but on the stop surface 48 of this part

mobile 15.

  In all cases, instead of being extended parallel to the securing notch 24, like the abutment heels 49 ′ of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the abutment heels 49 ″ are one and the other lying

  perpendicular to this lashing notch 24.

  When, as previously envisaged, the strap 11 passes between them, and that, consequently, they bear on the abutment surface 48 on either side of this strap 11, the thickness of this strap 11 spared by the notch lashing 24 is identical from one clamp 12 to another, whatever

  that is the total thickness of this strap 11.

  In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the ratchet 18 has only one lateral wing 46, and its median part 45 extends in cantilever counting

of it.

  For example, in FIG. 15, it comprises an abutment cross-member 49, which extends over the entire length of the securing notch 24, like that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, 9 and 10. As a variant, this cross-member of stop 49 could have a reduced length, like the sections 53 described in

reference to figure 8.

  In FIG. 16, the ratchet 18 carries a stop heel

  49 ", of the type described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14.

  But it could just as easily have a heel of

  stop 49 'of the type described with reference to FIG. 11.

  In FIG. 15, the lashing notch 24 is formed by

a tongue 50.

  In Figure 16, it is directly formed by the part

median 45 of ratchet 18.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the bore 47 of the lateral wing 46 of the ratchet 18 is extended by a sleeve 47 ′ coming from routing on the side of

the middle part 45.

  In the alternative embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the stop means 42 intervene circumferentially upstream of the lashing notch 24 in the

  direction of engagement of the strap 11.

  In the embodiment shown, they comprise, as before, on the ratchet 18, a stop cross-member 49, which, integral with the lateral wing 46 of this ratchet 18, extends at the edge of the recess 43 thereof. ci, but this abutment crosspiece 49 then extends on the upstream side of this recess 43, the latter sharing the middle part 45 of the

  ratchet 18 in two portions 45 ', 45 ", one upstream, the other downstream.

  In practice, to be able to bring the vacuum to the abutment surface 48 before the lashing notch 24 itself bears on the bearing surface 20, the abutment crosspiece 49

  protrudes slightly on the middle part 45 of the ratchet 18.

  In the embodiment shown, the abutment crosspiece 49 is circumferentially in continuity with one

  portions 45 ', 45 "of this middle part 45.

  For example, and as shown, it is in continuity with the portion 45 'upstream of this middle part 45, by connecting to the latter by a simple inflection zone. As a corollary, in the embodiment shown, the securing notch 24 is formed by a tongue extending obliquely the portion 45 "downstream of the middle part 45 of the ratchet 18, and the latter comprises two wings

side 46.

  As will have been noted, the ratchet 18 according to the invention can, in all of its embodiments, be

  a simple piece of sheet metal suitably cut and folded.

  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, but encompasses any variant, and / or combination of

their various elements.

  For example, instead of being actuated by a lever, the cutting means can intervene systematically, as soon as the strap engaged with the moving part is the object of a

sufficient traction.

  Alternatively, instead of being mobile, these means of

cut can be static.

  In addition, the stop means provided according to the invention can intervene at a distance from the bearing surface.

associated with the ratchet.

  Finally, instead of being articulated to the fixed part, the mobile part can be mounted movable in translation on this

fixed part.

  As a corollary, the application of the invention is not limited either to traction and cutting pliers of the type more particularly described and shown, but on the contrary extends more generally to all pliers having at least for the function, even if it was the only one, of

  allow traction on a strap.

Claims (31)

  1. Tension clamp for lanyard, of the kind comprising two parts mounted to move relative to one another, namely, on the one hand, a piece (15), here called movable piece, which, for gripping d 'such a strap (11) is provided with a ratchet (18) rotatably mounted facing a bearing surface (20) fixed on the movable part (15), said ratchet (18) having at least one notch lashing (24) parallel to said bearing surface (20) and being subjected to elastic polarization means (25) which permanently urge it in rotation in a direction for which this lashing notch (24) approaches of this bearing surface (20), and, on the other hand, a part (16), here called a fixed part, which, to provide a stop for the moving part (15) at rest, comprises a plate (31) in the direction of which this moving part (15) is permanently urged by elastic return means (38), with, between the ratchet (18) and the moving part (15), stop means (42) that i, when empty, and moving part (15) spaced from the plate (31) of the fixed part (16), define, for said ratchet (18), independently of the securing notch (24) and of the surface of support (20), an extreme angular position for which said securing notch (24) is at most in contact with said support surface (20), characterized in that, jointly, on the one hand, the stop means (42) provided between the ratchet (18) and the moving part (15) intervene circumferentially at a distance from the lashing notch (24), and, on the other hand, said ratchet (18) comprises, between these stop means ( 42) and his   lashing notch (24), a recess (43).   2. Traction clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratchet (18) comprises, substantially square with one another, a median part (45), one of the transverse edges of which carries its notch lashing (24), and at least one side wing (46), by which it is mounted pivoting on the moving part (15).   3. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1, 2, characterized in that the stop means   (42) intervene circumferentially downstream of the notch   lashing (24) in the direction of engagement of the strap (11).   4. Traction clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the stop means (42) comprise, on the ratchet (18), a stop crosspiece (49), which, integral with the lateral wing (46) of this ratchet (18) extends downstream of the middle part (45) thereof, at a distance from this part median (45).   5. Traction clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the stop cross-member (49) extends   substantially level with the middle part (45).   6. Traction clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the abutment means (42) comprise, on the ratchet (18), at least one abutment heel (49 ') which, integral with the lateral wing (46 ) of this ratchet (18), projects on a square return (54) thereof, downstream of the middle part (45) of the ratchet (18), at a distance from this middle part (45). 7. Traction clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the abutment means (42) comprise, on the ratchet (18), at least one abutment heel (49 ") which, integral with the lateral wing (46 ) of this ratchet (18), locally extends it, downstream of the middle part (45) of the ratchet (18),   distance from this middle part (45).   8. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the securing catch   (24) extends from the upstream side of the recess (43).   9. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1, 2, characterized in that the stop means   (42) intervene circumferentially upstream of the notch   lashing (24) in the direction of engagement of the strap (11).   10. Traction clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that the abutment means (42) comprise, on the ratchet (18), an abutment crosspiece (49), which, integral with the lateral wing (46) of this ratchet (18) extends along the edge of its recess (43).   11. Traction clamp according to claim 10, characterized in that the abutment crosspiece (49) extends from upstream side of the recess (43).   12. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 10, 11, characterized in that the crosspiece of   stop (49) protrudes slightly on the middle part (45) of the ratchet (18). 13. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the recess (43)   ratchet (18) dividing the middle part (45) thereof into two portions (45 ', 45 "), one upstream, the other downstream, the abutment crosspiece (49) is circumferentially in continuity   with one of said portions (45 ', 45 ").   14. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 2 to 13, characterized in that, in the manner   of a U-shaped piece, the ratchet (18) has a middle part (45) and two side wings (46).   15. Traction clamp according to claims 4 and   14, taken together, characterized in that the abutment crosspiece (49) extends continuously from one to the other of the wings lateral (46) of the ratchet (18).   16. Traction clamp according to claims 4 and   14, taken together, characterized in that the abutment crosspiece (49) is divided into two sections (53),   one for each of the side wings (46).   17. Traction clamp according to claims 4 and   14, taken together, characterized in that the abutment crosspiece (49) extends cantilevered from one of the wings side (46).   18. Traction clamp according to claim 17, characterized in that the stop cross-member (49) is supported   on the other side wings (46).   19. Traction clamp according to claims 6 and   14, taken together, characterized in that each of the lateral wings (46) has a square return (54) on   which projects a stop heel (49 ').   20. Traction clamp according to claims 7 and   14, taken together, characterized in that each of the lateral wings (46) is locally extended by a heel of stop (49 ").   21. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the ratchet (18)   has only one side wing (46), and its middle part (45) extends in cantilever from the latter. 22. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 2 to 21, characterized in that the ratchet (18)   comprising a bearing heel (40) by which, at rest, it bears on the plate (31) of the fixed part (16) and is thus maintained by the latter in an angular position for which its securing notch ( 24) is spaced from the bearing surface (20) associated therewith, said bearing heel (40) is formed by the transverse edge of its middle part (45) opposite to that carrying its securing notch (24).   23. Traction clamp according to any one of   claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the notch   lashing (24) of the ratchet (18) is formed by a tongue (50) which obliquely extends its middle part (45) along at least a portion of the relevant transverse edge of this middle part (45).   24. Traction clamp according to any one of   claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the notch   stowage (24) of the ratchet (18) is directly formed by   the relevant transverse edge of its middle part (45).   25. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the notch   lashing (24) of the ratchet (18) is crenellated.   26. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the notch   stowage (24) of the ratchet (18) has just been cut.   27. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1 to 26, characterized in that, for the position   extreme angularity of the ratchet (18), the securing notch (24) of this ratchet (18) is at a distance from the bearing surface (20) which associated with it.   28. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the ratchet (18)   has only one lashing notch (24).   29. Traction clamp according to any one of   Claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the recess (43)   ratchet (18) extends over the entire width thereof.   30. Traction clamp according to any one of   claims i to 29, characterized in that, the means for   stop (42) comprising, on the movable part (15), a stop surface (48), this stop surface (48) is formed by the bearing surface (20).   31. Traction clamp according to any one of   claims i to 30, characterized in that the moving part   (15) and the fixed part (16) are hinged to each other, the movable part (15) forming a pull handle, while, equipped with cutting means (30) for cutting the   strap (11), the fixed part (16) forms a cutting handle.