FR2742250A1 - Management of electrical supply to electric vehicle recharging stations - Google Patents

Abstract

The management of the battery recharging is carried out part locally at each charging station (1) and part at a central station. The user presents a payment card and data is taken (16) from this card. An acceptable card causes a cover (10) to be released to give access to the recharging station. The card may be a magnetic card or a memory card from which the payment is decremented. A controller (17) inside the cover allows the user to enter information on charging parameter values required. The current is transferred by a cable (5). User information is transmitted to a remote station, which records data and determines the control information that will be returned to the recharging station. The controller responds to this by activating and controlling the delivery of the recharging current in accordance with the applied values.

Description

 The invention relates to a device for managing the supply of electrical energy to a load as well as an electric vehicle comprising such a device.

 The invention is particularly applicable in the case of fast and / or slow charging of electric vehicles by means of supply terminals present on the roads, as well as in the cases of use on the roads such as fairground use or power supply in camping or in the case of car parks or private.

It more generally applies to any device making it possible to supply electrical energy and for which this supply requires specific management.

 Devices are known for managing the supply of electrical energy, in particular in the context of the supply of an electric vehicle by means of terminals fixed on the edge of a sidewalk. In these devices, the terminals are connected to urban furniture which can manage, for example, several tens of recharging terminals installed on the sidewalks or near the parking spaces generally marked by lines painted on the roadway and numbered. This number can also be on the terminal and makes it possible to identify it.

 Known furniture includes a central unit provided with a keyboard for entering the identification number of the power supply terminal. The central unit is then able to control the operation of the terminal according to the number identified if it is not out of service. The central unit contained in the furniture finally comprises means for managing the amount of electrical energy to be distributed, the user's credit or debit status being contained in a smart card of known type. The central unit then updates this data.

 The known device operates in the following manner: the user dismounts from his vehicle, connects his vehicle charging wire to the socket on his vehicle and to means for connecting the power supply terminal. He then goes to the furniture, introduces his smart card, possibly his credit and debit status, and types the number of the terminal he has chosen on the keyboard. It also programs via the keyboard the recharging time it wishes to perform. This last operation controls the operation of the power supply terminal.

 On return, the user is forced to re-enter his card and recall the number of the corresponding terminal so that he can then disconnect the charging wire connected to the terminal.

We also know in particular from the document
FR-2 693 568 autonomous self-service electrical energy delivery devices comprising
- a plurality of terminals, at the level of which any device consuming electricity can be connected
- a central management unit, capable of managing on the one hand the electricity distribution at each of the terminals from the power supply sector, and on the other hand, the interaction between a payment organ and the users potentials of these terminals, said management unit connecting one of the terminals to the sector for a duration or for a quantity of energy determined after the actual payment transaction.

 However, in this device, the central management unit comprises a payment unit which is associated with a keyboard and a screen within a transaction terminal for a first embodiment, a payment unit constituted by a reader bank card associated with a modulator itself connected to the switched telephone network for a second embodiment and a payment organ constituted by a payment card reader of the magnetic card or smart card type, the capital of which is decremented at each operation through a central management unit, for a third embodiment.

 And the set is contained in a management kiosk accessible to the user at a place other than that of his vehicle or the power supply terminal.

These devices have drawbacks
- the complexity of the use,
- the presence of additional street furniture on roads at a time when the will of the public authorities is the reduction in their number,
- the risk of vandalism in terms of street furniture,
- a significant cost due to the presence of this additional street furniture on the roads.

 In addition, these devices do not plan to adapt to different payment systems depending on the type of charge (fast or slow) and depending on the location (roads, works).

 Finally, in the case where the terminal used is defective, the user can only see it when he is in front of the street furniture, that is to say after having parked and after having carried out all the socket connection operations. .

 The invention therefore aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a device which does not require having additional street furniture on the road and which allows the user to carry out the charging, for example of his vehicle, by simple operations and possibly to have information on the power supply terminal before you even get out of your vehicle.

 It further relates to a device which makes it possible to carry out all types of payment, for example according to the duration of the charge, the time of the day, the period of the year and whatever the type of charge. , i.e. fast charge or slow charge.

 Finally, it relates to a device which allows, for example, the transaction free of charge, or possibly promotional according to the user. It is not limited to the payment of an electrical charge.

To this end, the invention provides a device for managing the self-service supply of electrical energy of at least one load, such as an electric vehicle or in the case of road use such as uses " fairground "or camping, the load being connected to at least one supply terminal, by means of a supply link by carrier currents, device comprising
identification means capable of identifying specific characteristics comprising data on the terminal,
control means capable of controlling, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the putting into operation of the supply terminal,
- the first means of managing the quantity of electrical energy to be distributed,
characterized in that
- the first management means are placed in the supply terminal,
- the specific characteristics include, in addition, data on the user, and
the control means and the identification means are coupled to the first management means by being positioned at a distance from the terminal, the control means being further able to control the first management means as a function of the specific characteristics identified , so as to manage the amount of electrical energy supplied to the load.

 According to one embodiment, the control means and the identification means are integrated in one and the same portable control unit.

 Thus, the portable control unit can be provided to the user for example at the time of the purchase of his vehicle in the case of use for an electric vehicle, or even when entering the campsite or in a port. where he will reside for a while.

This box allows him to control a feeding phase without the need to move to any control furniture, the portable control box possibly allowing him at any time to identify himself and identify his wishes or conditions payment, for example.

 In order to allow a dialogue between the supply terminal and the user, the connection between the identification and / or control means and / or the first and / or second management means and the electrical terminal is a bidirectional connection.

 According to a first embodiment, the identification means and / or the control means are able to be connected to the first management means by means of the supply link by carrier currents -which also has the function of transmit to the supply terminal the control instructions issued by the control means as a function of the specific characteristics identified.

 In this case, the identification means and / or the control means can be permanently connected to the first management means, the control means being, furthermore, capable of periodically transmitting connection information to the supply terminal. , the power supply terminal being put out of service when the connection information has not reached it.

 Alternatively, the identification means and / or the control means can be connected to the management means only when the terminal is put into operation and when it is stopped.

 According to a second embodiment, the control means and / or the identification means are connected to the supply terminal by a wireless link, in particular by an infra-red, radio link or the like.

 According to a third embodiment, the control means and / or the identification means are connected to the supply terminal by a telephone link.

 In addition, in order to properly distribute the management functions in the device, the box may include second management means complementary to the first management means.

 To be able to use a simple data medium for information relating to a credit or debit statement of the user's account and a more advanced medium for information specific to the user, the data on the user is separated into these two categories.

 According to a first embodiment, the data carrier is integrated into the control means.

 According to another embodiment, the data carrier is removable.

 The identification means may include at least one electromechanical reading device, such as in particular a bar code, smart card and magnetic card reader or the like, intended to read the specific characteristics contained in the data medium.

 For example, the data medium comprises a first removable data medium containing the information specific to the user and a second data medium distinct from the first containing the financial information.

 And the identification means comprise a first so-called "user" identification device, intended to receive the first data carrier during the entire supply period of the load and to modify the data that it contains if necessary, and a second means of identification called "account" intended to read and update, by means of the first and / or second management means, the information contained in the second data carrier.

 For example, the data medium may consist on the one hand of a smart card of the telephone card type sold commercially and in standard mode containing the information relating to a credit or debit state of the account of the and a second, more sophisticated card that contains user-specific information.

 Thus, for example, the card comprising the information specific to the user is first introduced, which then makes it possible to validate the operation of the terminal after having introduced the card comprising financial information, the user card being able to remain at remains in the device.

According to another embodiment, the terminal comprises
means for distributing the electrical energy supplied by the terminal to an input for supplying electrical power to the load, such as for example the cable for recharging the electric vehicle, and
- connection means to allow connection of the distribution means to the terminal and to the load, and
the device according to the invention further comprising mechanical, pneumatic or electromechanical locking means located on the terminal and able to be placed in two positions, namely a closed position in which the connection means are inaccessible and an open position in which the connection means are accessible, and in that the control means are able to control, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the passage of the locking means between the open and closed positions.

 In addition, for a retractable terminal intended to pass from an extended position, in which it is usable for the electrical supply and a retracted position in which it is not accessible, and conversely, the control means are able to control , in addition, depending on the specific characteristics identified, the passage of the terminal between the high and low positions.

 Finally, in the case where the load is an electric vehicle, the control means are, moreover, capable of controlling certain options of the vehicle such as for example the locking and unlocking of the doors, an alarm, a battery cut-off system. or the like.

 The invention further relates to an electric vehicle comprising a power input and able to be recharged with electric energy by means of an electrical terminal, and further comprising a management device as described above.

Other characteristics of the invention will be described in the following with reference to the figures in which
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention in an environment of power supply terminals for an electric vehicle with slow charge, in the case of a wireless connection
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for fast charge terminals, in the case of a wireless link
- Figures 3 and 4 are schematic representations of a device according to the invnetion in the case of a connection by carrier currents
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention in the case of a telephone link
- Figure 6 is a simplified block diagram of the electrical part of the management device according to the invention located in a terminal
- Figure 7 is a simplified electrical block diagram of the portable control unit; and
- Figure 8 shows the block diagram of an embodiment of the identification means.

 In the following description, the electronic means to which reference is made consist of known electrical circuits and will therefore not be described in more detail.

 In the examples of application described, we place ourselves in the case of recharging a motor vehicle by means of electrical terminals 1 fixed on a base such as a sidewalk, the objective being to manage the supply of electrical energy to the electric vehicle and this in self-service.

The electric vehicle therefore plays the role of charge
vs.

 Of course, the device according to the invention can also be applied to other types of electrical supply, such as camping electrical supplies or in the case of fairground use.

 In all cases, the connection between the power supply terminal 1 and the load C is a power supply connection by carrier current L.

 In addition, here an example is taken of a device for managing the supply of electrical energy from a financial and quantitative point of view. However, it is also possible to use the device according to the invention in other types of application such as for example for quantitative management when it comes to the supply of electrical energy free of charge.

 In the case of recharging an electric vehicle, one can proceed in two different ways, namely on the one hand carrying out a slow charge requiring a relatively low power, but a significant charging time, and on the other hand, a charge fast which requires much more power, but can be done very quickly.

 In both cases, it is important for the user, namely the driver, to be able to recharge his vehicle without having to move around too much and in particular in the case of slow charging, by having the possibility of practicing a other activity during the charge requiring moving away from the vehicle.

 From this point of view, it is therefore necessary to have optimum security at the connection of the terminal.

 The terminals 1 used in the case of a slow charge are shown in Figure 1, and the terminals 1 used in the case of a fast charge are shown in Figure 2; for simplicity, they will bear the same references.

 In both cases, the terminal 1 comprises on the one hand connection means 3 connected by a power cable 4 to the general electrical power network, and allowing the connection of this power cable 4 to a charging cable 5 of the vehicle which acts as a means of distributing electrical energy to the electric vehicle.

 In the case of slow charging, the connection means 3 are in fact a connection plug 6 present on the terminal 1 and intended to receive the recharging cable 5 of the electric vehicle.

 In the case of rapid charging, the connection means are in fact in the form of a socket 7 fixed at the end of the power cable 4 which is here a larger cable taking into account the power required, this socket 7 being intended to be connected to a power supply input of the electric vehicle. The power cable 4 then acts as distribution means.

 The device according to the invention comprises an electronic management system G comprising first management means 8 intended to manage the quantity of electrical energy to be distributed.

 This electronic management system G is placed in terminal 1 and will be described later.

 According to one embodiment making it possible to obtain maximum security, the device according to the invention further comprises locking means 9, mechanical, pneumatic or electro-mechanical located on terminal 1 and able to be placed in two positions , namely: a closed position in which the connection means 3 are inaccessible, and an open position in which the connection means 3 are accessible. In Figures 1 and 2, the locking means 9 are in the open position.

 In the case of slow charging, these locking means 9 may be in the form of a valve 10, mounted on an axis of rotation 11 and covering the connection means 3 when it is in the closed position.

 In the case of rapid charging, the locking means 9 are in the form of a trundle 12 which, in the open position, is removed from the terminal 1 and allows access to the power cable 4 and which, in the position closed, is returned to terminal 1 and blocks access to the power cable 4, insofar as the latter is also returned to terminal 1.

 For these locking means 9, it is of course possible to provide other embodiments such as for example the case of a fully retractable terminal 1 comprising connection means for example on its upper face, and which is therefore intended to pass through '' an extended position in which it protrudes from the sidewalk and is usable for power supply and in which the power cable 4 or the connection plug 6 are accessible, and a retracted position in which it is not accessible since 'it is retracted into the ground, and the power cable 4 with the socket 7 or the plug 6 are then inaccessible.

 The device according to the invention further comprises identification means 16 capable of identifying specific characteristics contained for example in a data carrier 20 and comprising on the one hand data on the terminal, and on the other hand data on the user.

 It also includes control means 17 connected to the identification means 16 and intended to control, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the putting into operation or putting out of operation of the supply terminal 1.

 According to a first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the control means 17 and the identification means 16 are connected to transmission / reception means 15 connected themselves, by a wireless link 18 which can be for example an infrared, hertzian or similar link, has analog transmission / reception means 15a present in the electronic management system G.

 The transmission / reception means 15a are also connected to the first management means 8, in particular by a bidirectional link.

 According to the invention, the control means 17 are able to control, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the first management means 8 located in the terminal 1, so as to manage the quantity of electric energy supplied to the electric vehicle.

 In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the control means 17, the identification means 16 and the transmission / reception means 15 are integrated in one and the same portable control box 19.

 According to one embodiment, the data medium 20 can be a smart card, but one can also provide a magnetic card or even a bar code card.

 The specific characteristics contained in the data carrier 20 relate on the one hand to the terminal, namely for example its identification number, but also its operating or malfunctioning state, and on the other hand the user.

 Data on the user can be of two types, namely on the one hand information specific to the user, such as for example his name, his address, his telephone or similar contact details, and on the other hand, information financial, for example relating to a credit or debit statement of the user's account.

 In this case, the financial information is able to be transmitted and / or updated by the first management means 8 via the link 18 between the management system G and the box 19.

 It is of course possible to provide other types of data such as for example for the terminal, data relating to a game making it possible to obtain a reduction or a similar advantage if one connects to the correct terminal, and as regards the user, information relating for example to reductions from which he would particularly benefit.

 To allow proper management of the entire device according to the invention, the portable control unit 19 further comprises second management means 21 complementary to the first management means 8 and intended to make possible modifications on the support of data.

 These second management means 21 are connected to the transmission / reception means 15 so as to be able to communicate with the first management means 8 located in terminal 1.

 In addition, so as to allow a dialogue between the terminal 1 and the portable control unit 19, the link 18 between the transmission / reception means 15, that is to say between the identification means and / or the control means and / or the second management means and the electrical terminal 1 is a bidirectional link.

 The various embodiments of the portable control unit 19 will now be described.

 According to a first embodiment, the data medium is integrated into the control means 17 in the form, for example, of a reprogrammable memory.

 In this case, the control unit 19 includes a control keyboard 19a and a processing system (not shown), intended to manage the commands transmitted via the keyboard.

 According to another embodiment as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the data carrier 20 is removable.

 In this case, the identification means can comprise, for example, at least one electromechanical reading device 22 such as in particular a bar code, smart card or magnetic card reader or the like.

 This electromechanical reading device 22 is intended to read the specific characteristics contained in the data carrier 20 which is then a corresponding card.

 Insofar as two types of data on the user are provided, the data medium comprises a first removable data medium containing the information specific to the user, and a second data medium distinct from the first containing the information financial order.

 The first data medium can be a smart card or any other medium comprising a reprogrammable memory and possibly a data processing system which are integrated.

 The second data carrier is typically a standard type smart card such as telephone smart cards for example.

 These two data carriers can be introduced, in use, successively into the identification means 16, and more particularly into the reader 22, the first data carrier having to be introduced first so as to validate the information it contains on the user.

 Indeed, this information can relate for example to its financial statement. If consumption is prohibited or invalidated, for example if he is a debtor, he cannot consume electrical energy. A corresponding signal is sent, via the transmission / reception means 15 and 15a to the management system G, which blocks the supply and the locking means 9 in the closed position. To this end, the system G further comprises on the one hand a locking / unlocking control system 13 of the means 9, and on the other hand, a system for controlling the activation or deactivation 14 of food.

 In this case, it is not necessary to introduce the second data carrier, since, in any event, the supply cannot be carried out.

 However, it can also be provided that the identification means 16 comprise a first so-called "user" identification device 22a, intended to receive the first data medium, for example throughout the duration of the supply. of the electric vehicle, and a second means of identification called "account" 22b, intended to receive the second data carrier, also possibly during the entire supply period.

 All of the specific characteristics identified by these two identification devices 22a and 22b are then grouped together, via a processing system 23 connected to the transmission / reception means 15.

 The first identification device 22a can, depending on the information it reads, modify them if necessary, and the second identification device 22b is intended to read and update, via the first and second management means 8, 21, the information contained in the second data carrier.

 With regard to the locking means 9, according to the invention, the control means 17 are able to control, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the passage of the locking means 9 between the open and closed positions.

 To this end, a signal is transmitted from the portable control unit 19 to the transmission-reception means 15a of the management system G.

 This signal is then transmitted to the locking / unlocking control system 13 which electromechanically controls the valve 10 in closing or opening.

 In the case of the retractable terminal, the same type of control can be carried out insofar as the control means 17 are capable of also controlling, depending on the specific characteristics identified, the passage of the terminal 1 between the output and retracted positions. This control can also be done by the locking / unlocking control systems 13.

 Given the structure of the retractable terminal 1, provision can also be made to control only the passage into the extended position by means of the control means 17 and the locking / unlocking control system 13, the passage into the retracted position being able to be carried out manually by pushing the terminal in accordance with arrow F shown in Figure 1.

 In this case, it is the passage to the retracted position which will trigger the commissioning of the supply terminal 1, and thus the distribution of electrical energy.

 This command is effected by means of the locking / unlocking control system 13 which transmits to the out of service / commissioning control system 14 the appropriate signal.

 Of course, provision can be made for the portable control unit 19, and in particular the control means 17, to be able moreover to control certain options of the electric vehicle, such as for example the locking and unlocking of the doors, an alarm, a system battery cutoff or the like.

 According to another embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the portable control unit 19 can be connected to the power supply terminal 1 via the power supply connection by carrier currents L.

 In fact, this link by carrier currents L can also have the function of transmitting to the supply terminal 1 the control instructions issued by the control means 17 as a function of the specific characteristics identified by the identification means 16.

 For a first use, the portable control unit 19 can be connected to the power supply terminal 1 via either the cable 4 or the cable 5, depending on the type of load, only when it is put into operation. of the terminal and its stop.

 According to another use, this portable control unit 19 can be permanently connected to the link by carrier currents L.

 In this case, the control means 17 can control the locking means 9 for the entire duration of the vehicle charging.

 However, this command can be replaced or improved by the fact that the control means also transmit periodically to the supply terminal 1 connection information.

 Thus, as soon as the supply terminal is no longer in connection with the load, for example in the case of the disconnection of the corresponding cable by a person other than the user, the supply terminal is put out of service, since the login information did not reach him.

 Finally, according to another embodiment as shown for example in Figure 5, the portable control unit 19 can be connected to the power supply terminal 1 via a telephone link 24 shown in dotted lines.

 In the embodiment shown, the control unit 19 is connected to a network of power supply terminals 1 by means of a server S. This server S thus controls the operation of one of the terminals 1 of the network of terminals and the connection of this terminal to the load C also by means of the power line by carrier currents L, and by means of a switch represented schematically by the reference 25.

 Finally, the invention also applies to an electric vehicle capable of being recharged with electric energy by means of an electric terminal 1 as described above, and comprising a power input, as well as a management device. as previously described.

Claims (19)

 1. Device for managing the self-service supply of electrical energy of at least one charge, such as an electric vehicle or in the case of road use such as "fairground" or camping uses, the load being connected to at least one supply terminal (1), by means of a supply link by carrier currents (2), device comprising  - identification means (16) capable of identifying specific characteristics comprising data on the terminal (1),  control means (17) capable of controlling, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the putting into operation of the supply terminal (1),  - first management means (8) of the quantity of electrical energy to be distributed,  characterized in that  - said first management means (8) are placed in the supply terminal (1),  - the specific characteristics include, in addition, data on the user, and  - the control means (17) and the identification means (16) are coupled to the first management means by being positioned at a distance from the terminal (1), the control means (17) being, moreover, capable of control the first management means according to the specific characteristics identified, so as to manage the quantity of electrical energy supplied to the load.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control means (17) and the identification means (16) are integrated in the same portable control unit (19).  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the identification means (16) and / or the control means (17) are able to be connected to the first management means (8) via the supply link by carrier currents (2) which also has the function of transmitting to the supply terminal the control instructions issued by the control means (16) as a function of the specific characteristics identified.  4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the identification means (16) and / or the control means (17) are permanently connected to the first management means (8), the control means (17) being furthermore capable of periodically transmitting connection information to the supply terminal (1), the supply terminal being deactivated when the connection information has not reached it.  5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the identification means (16) and / or the control means (17) are connected to the management means (8) only when the terminal is put into operation and of his judgment.  6. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the control means (17) and / or the identification means (16) are connected to the supply terminal by a wireless link (18 ), in particular by an infrared, hertzian or similar link.  7. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the control means (17) and / or the identification means (16) are connected to the supply terminal (1) by a telephone link (24).  8. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the housing (19) further comprises second management means (21) complementary to the first management means (8).  9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the connection between the identification means (16) and / or control and / or the first and / or second management means (8, 21 ) and the electrical terminal (1) is a bidirectional link.  10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the data on the user contains on the one hand information specific to the user, for example his name, his address, his telephone coordinates or the like , and secondly financial information, for example relating to a credit or debit statement of the user's account, the financial information being able to be transmitted and / or updated by the first and / or second management means (8, 21).  11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the specific characteristics are contained in a data carrier integrated in the control means (17).  12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the specific characteristics are contained in a removable data carrier (20).  13. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the identification means (16) comprise at least one electromechanical reading device (12), such as in particular a bar code reader, from card to card. chip or magnetic card or the like, intended to read the specific characteristics contained in the data carrier (20).  14. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the data medium comprises a first removable data medium containing the information specific to the user and a second data medium (20) distinct from the first container financial information.  15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the identification means (16) comprise a first so-called "user" identification device, intended to receive the first data medium during the entire supply period of load and modify the information it contains if necessary, and a second means of identification called "account", intended to read and update, via the first and / or second management means ( 8, 21), the information contained in the second data carrier.  16. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, the terminal (1) comprising  means of distribution (5, 4) of the electrical energy supplied by the terminal to an input of electrical supply of the load, such as for example a charging cable (5) of an electric vehicle, and  - connection means (3) to allow the connection of the distribution means (4, 5) to the terminal (1) and to the load,  characterized in that it further comprises mechanical, pneumatic or electromechanical locking means (9) located on the terminal and able to be placed in two positions, namely a closed position in which the connection means (3) are inaccessible and an open position in which the connection means (3) are accessible, and in that the control means (17) are capable of controlling, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the passage of the locking means (9) between open and closed positions.  17. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, for a retractable terminal (1) intended to pass from an extended position, in which it is usable for the electrical supply and a retracted position in which it is not accessible, and vice versa, the control means (17) are capable of controlling, in addition, as a function of the specific characteristics identified, the passage of the terminal (1) between the high and low positions.  18. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, the load being an electric vehicle, characterized in that the control means (17) are, moreover, capable of controlling certain options of the vehicle such as for example the locking and unlocking the doors, an alarm, a battery cut-off system or the like.  19. An electric vehicle capable of being recharged with electrical energy by means of an electrical terminal (1), comprising a power input characterized in that it further comprises a management device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.