FR2715497A1 - Arc-extinguishing nozzle for circuit breaker chamber - Google Patents

Arc-extinguishing nozzle for circuit breaker chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2715497A1
FR2715497A1 FR9400763A FR9400763A FR2715497A1 FR 2715497 A1 FR2715497 A1 FR 2715497A1 FR 9400763 A FR9400763 A FR 9400763A FR 9400763 A FR9400763 A FR 9400763A FR 2715497 A1 FR2715497 A1 FR 2715497A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
nozzle
cylinder
gas
contact
circuit breaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9400763A
Other languages
French (fr)
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FR2715497B1 (en
Inventor
Dufournet Denis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom T&D SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom T&D SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom T&D SA
Priority to FR9400763A priority Critical patent/FR2715497B1/en
Priority to CH3995A priority patent/CH689604A5/en
Publication of FR2715497A1 publication Critical patent/FR2715497A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2715497B1 publication Critical patent/FR2715497B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7061—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by use of special mounting means

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

The nozzle is for a circuit breaker chamber having a fixed contact (1) which makes contact with a moving contact (2). The moving contact is mounted on a cylinder base. Immediately above the moving contact, and covering it, is a PTFE screw-in section (10). A second screw-in section (6) protrudes beyond the end of the moving contact. The second section forms a channel (8) which is open to gas near the contacts. Expanded gas passes through the channel to an inner chamber (7) behind the contacts, with a back surface (4). Hot gas circulates into the chamber and pushes cooler gas through an upper channel (9) and out to the contact area, thus cooling the gas in the area.

Description

BUSE DE DISJONCTEUR A CHAMBRE D'EXPANSION THERMIQUE. CIRCUIT BREAKER NOZZLE WITH THERMAL EXPANSION CHAMBER.

La présente invention concerne une buse de soufflage de disjoncteur à chambre d'expansion thermique. The present invention relates to a circuit breaker blowing nozzle with thermal expansion chamber.

Elle se rapporte plus précisément à une buse de soufflage pour chambre de disjoncteur comportant un contact d'arc mobile et un contact d'arc fixe , l'un des contacts étant porté par une extrémité libre d'un cylindre auquel est reliée une couronne elle-même reliée à un tube concentrique au cylindre et portant à son extrémité dirigée vers le contact la buse par une face dite externe de celle-ci, une chambre d'expansion thermique étant délimité par le cylindre, le tube, la couronne et une face dite arrière de la buse et un canal cylindrique étant prévu entre le cylindre et une face dite interne de la buse. It relates more precisely to a blowing nozzle for a circuit breaker chamber comprising a movable arcing contact and a fixed arcing contact, one of the contacts being carried by a free end of a cylinder to which a crown is connected. - even connected to a tube concentric with the cylinder and carrying at its end directed towards the contact the nozzle by a so-called external face of the latter, a thermal expansion chamber being delimited by the cylinder, the tube, the crown and a face said rear of the nozzle and a cylindrical channel being provided between the cylinder and a so-called internal face of the nozzle.

Lors de la coupure, les contacts se séparent et il se forme un arc entre ces contacts d'arc. L'augmentation de la température qui en résulte entraîne une augmentation de la pression du gaz diélectrique et un flux de gaz de l'arc vers la chambre d'expansion thermique par le canal entre le cylindre portant le contact et la buse. Dans la chambre d'expansion thermique, la température augmente également et donc la pression et il s'effectue un flux dans le sens inverse dans le canal qui vient souffler l'arc. Ce flux de gaz de sens inverse s'effectue au voisinage du passage par zéro du courant. Cependant si la température du gaz n'a pas été suffisamment réduite, le soufflage qui en résulte n'est pas efficace et la coupure du courant s'avère impossible. During cutting, the contacts separate and an arc is formed between these arcing contacts. The resulting increase in temperature causes an increase in the pressure of the dielectric gas and a flow of gas from the arc to the thermal expansion chamber through the channel between the contact-carrying cylinder and the nozzle. In the thermal expansion chamber, the temperature also increases and therefore the pressure and there is a flow in the opposite direction in the channel which blows the arc. This reverse gas flow takes place in the vicinity of the zero crossing of the current. However, if the temperature of the gas has not been reduced sufficiently, the resulting blowing is not effective and the power is cut off.

La présente invention résout ce problème grâce à un agencement particulièrement simple qui permet d'améliorer la circulation du gaz dans la chambre d'expansion thermique afin d'homogénéiser la température du gaz et la qualité du gaz de soufflage arrivant sur l'arc, en provoquant une circulation et un brassage du gaz dans le volume d'expansion.  The present invention solves this problem thanks to a particularly simple arrangement which makes it possible to improve the circulation of gas in the thermal expansion chamber in order to homogenize the temperature of the gas and the quality of the blowing gas arriving on the arc, by causing circulation and mixing of the gas in the expansion volume.

Pour ce faire, conformément à l'invention, la buse est pourvue d'au moins un orifice débouchant d'une part dans sa face arrière et d'autre part dans ledit canal cylindrique. To do this, in accordance with the invention, the nozzle is provided with at least one orifice opening on the one hand into its rear face and on the other hand into said cylindrical channel.

Des effets tourbillonnaires dans la chambre d'expansion thermique permettent une bonne homogénéisation de la température du gaz, comme il sera précisé dans la description. Vortex effects in the thermal expansion chamber allow good homogenization of the gas temperature, as will be explained in the description.

Des buses pourvues de tels orifices sont connues de l'art antérieur relatif aux disjoncteurs à piston de soufflage, par exemple dans le brevet CH-661 146. Cependant, le problème technique à résoudre et la fonction de ces orifices sont tout à fait différents. Dans les chambres classiques à pistonnage, c'est le même gaz qui est poussé dans le même sens par le piston dans les orifices assurant la communication du volume de compression et volume de soufflage, afin d'assurer le soufflage. Ce gaz soufflé est naturellement peu chaud, dense et homogène. Nozzles provided with such orifices are known from the prior art relating to blow-out piston circuit breakers, for example in patent CH-661,146. However, the technical problem to be solved and the function of these orifices are quite different. In conventional piston chambers, it is the same gas which is pushed in the same direction by the piston into the orifices ensuring the communication of the compression volume and blowing volume, in order to ensure blowing. This blown gas is naturally not very hot, dense and homogeneous.

Comme il a été précisé plus haut, dans les disjoncteurs à chambre d'expansion thermique, l'invention a pour but de souffler un gaz moins chaud et plus dense que celui qui provient de la zone d'arc et qui assure seul la montée en pression. As stated above, in circuit breakers with a thermal expansion chamber, the invention aims to blow a gas which is less hot and denser than that which comes from the arc zone and which alone ensures the rise in pressure.

De préférence, la buse comporte une pluralité d'orifices répartis angulairement sur sa face arrière. Preferably, the nozzle has a plurality of orifices distributed angularly on its rear face.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le(s) orifice(s) débouche(nt) à proximité de sa face externe et à proximité du contact d'arc porté par le cylindre. According to a preferred embodiment, the orifice (s) opens (s) near its external face and near the arcing contact carried by the cylinder.

Les fonctions et avantages de ces caractéristiques apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit où l'invention est décrite plus en détail à l'aide d'une figure représentant un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention. The functions and advantages of these characteristics will appear on reading the following description where the invention is described in more detail using a figure representing a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Une chambre de disjoncteur comporte un contact d'arc mobile et un contact d'arc fixe 1, 2, l'un des contacts 2 étant porté par une extrémité libre d'un cylindre 3 creux et constitué de doigts de contact. A ce cylindre 3, est reliée une couronne 4 elle-même reliée à un tube 5 concentrique au cylindre 3 et portant, par vissage, à son extrémité dirigée vers le contact 2 une buse 6 par une face dite externe 6A de celle-ci. Une chambre d'expansion thermique 7 est ainsi délimitée par le cylindre 3, le tube 5, la couronne 4 et une face dite arrière 6B de la buse. Un canal cylindrique 8 est prévu entre le cylindre 3 et une face dite interne 6C de la buse. A circuit breaker chamber has a movable arcing contact and a fixed arcing contact 1, 2, one of the contacts 2 being carried by a free end of a hollow cylinder 3 and made up of contact fingers. To this cylinder 3, is connected a crown 4 itself connected to a tube 5 concentric with the cylinder 3 and carrying, by screwing, at its end directed towards the contact 2 a nozzle 6 by a so-called external face 6A thereof. A thermal expansion chamber 7 is thus delimited by the cylinder 3, the tube 5, the crown 4 and a so-called rear face 6B of the nozzle. A cylindrical channel 8 is provided between the cylinder 3 and a so-called internal face 6C of the nozzle.

La buse est pourvue d'au moins un orifice 9 débouchant d'une part dans sa face arrière 6B et d'autre part dans ledit canal cylindrique 8. Selon un mode de réalisation particulièrement simple, elle comporte une pluralité d'orifices 9 répartis angulairement sur sa face arrière 6B. The nozzle is provided with at least one orifice 9 opening on the one hand into its rear face 6B and on the other hand into said cylindrical channel 8. According to a particularly simple embodiment, it comprises a plurality of orifices 9 distributed angularly on its rear face 6B.

Comme représenté sur la figure, les orifices 9 débouchent à proximité de sa face externe 6A et à proximité du contact d'arc 2 porté par le cylindre 2. As shown in the figure, the orifices 9 open near its external face 6A and near the arcing contact 2 carried by the cylinder 2.

Lors de la coupure et de l'apparition d'un arc, le gaz chauffé pénètre dans le canal 8 et se répand dans la chambre d'expansion thermique 7 où se forme un flux sensiblement torique comme représenté par les flèches de la figure. Une homogénéisation de la température dans la chambre 7 est ainsi réalisée. Le gaz chaud remonte de préférence en ligne droite par le canal 8 et parvient au fond de la chambre d'expansion 7 où il repousse vers l'avant le gaz moins chaud et moins pollué présent qui passe par l'orifice 9 et vient souffler l'arc et provoquer la coupure du courant. Le flux s'échappe donc naturellement selon sa trajectoire par les orifices 9 pour aboutir dans le canal 8 à proximité de l'arc à souffler. During the cut and the appearance of an arc, the heated gas enters the channel 8 and spreads in the thermal expansion chamber 7 where a substantially toroidal flow is formed as shown by the arrows in the figure. Homogenization of the temperature in chamber 7 is thus achieved. The hot gas preferably rises in a straight line through the channel 8 and reaches the bottom of the expansion chamber 7 where it pushes forward the less hot and less polluted gas present which passes through the orifice 9 and comes to blow l 'arc and cause power failure. The flow therefore naturally escapes along its path through the orifices 9 to end up in the channel 8 near the arc to be blown.

Avantageusement peut être associé à la buse un cylindre 10 entourant les doigts de contact 2. Ce cylindre est en un matériau présentant une vaporisation sous l'effet de la chaleur, de préférence en PTFE. Ce cylindre entraîne une augmentation de la pression dans le canal 8 et favorise la montée en pression du gaz de soufflage.  Advantageously can be associated with the nozzle a cylinder 10 surrounding the contact fingers 2. This cylinder is made of a material having a vaporization under the effect of heat, preferably PTFE. This cylinder causes an increase in the pressure in the channel 8 and promotes the increase in pressure of the blowing gas.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Buse de soufflage pour chambre de disjoncteur comportant un contact d'arc mobile et un contact d'arc fixe (1, 2), l'un des contacts (2) étant porté par une extrémité libre d'un cylindre (3) auquel est reliée une couronne (4) elle-même reliée à un tube (5) concentrique au cylindre (3) et portant à son extrémité dirigée vers le contact (2) la buse (6) par une face dite externe (6A) de celle-ci, une chambre d'expansion thermique (7) étant délimité par le cylindre (3), le tube (5), la couronne (4) et une face dite arrière (6B) de la buse et un canal cylindrique (8) étant prévu entre le cylindre (3) et une face dite interne (6C) de la buse, buse caractérisé en ce qu'elle est pourvue d'au moins un orifice (9) débouchant d'une part dans sa face arrière (6B) et d'autre part dans ledit canal cylindrique (8). 1) Blowing nozzle for circuit breaker chamber comprising a movable arcing contact and a fixed arcing contact (1, 2), one of the contacts (2) being carried by a free end of a cylinder (3) to which is connected a crown (4) itself connected to a tube (5) concentric with the cylinder (3) and carrying at its end directed towards the contact (2) the nozzle (6) by a so-called external face (6A) of the latter, a thermal expansion chamber (7) being delimited by the cylinder (3), the tube (5), the crown (4) and a so-called rear face (6B) of the nozzle and a cylindrical channel (8 ) being provided between the cylinder (3) and a so-called internal face (6C) of the nozzle, nozzle characterized in that it is provided with at least one orifice (9) opening out on the one hand in its rear face (6B ) and on the other hand in said cylindrical channel (8). 2) Buse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comporte une pluralité d'orifices (9) répartis angulairement sur sa face arrière (6B). 2) Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of orifices (9) angularly distributed on its rear face (6B). 3) Buse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le(s) orifice(s) (9) débouche(nt) à proximité de sa face externe (6A). 3) Nozzle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the orifice (s) (9) opens (s) close to its external face (6A). 4) Buse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le(s) orifice(s) (9) débouche(nt) à proximité du contact d'arc (2) porté par le cylindre (2).  4) Nozzle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the orifice (s) (9) opens (s) near the arcing contact (2) carried by the cylinder (2).
FR9400763A 1994-01-25 1994-01-25 Circuit breaker nozzle with thermal expansion chamber. Expired - Fee Related FR2715497B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400763A FR2715497B1 (en) 1994-01-25 1994-01-25 Circuit breaker nozzle with thermal expansion chamber.
CH3995A CH689604A5 (en) 1994-01-25 1995-01-06 Circuit breaker nozzle with thermal expansion chamber.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400763A FR2715497B1 (en) 1994-01-25 1994-01-25 Circuit breaker nozzle with thermal expansion chamber.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2715497A1 true FR2715497A1 (en) 1995-07-28
FR2715497B1 FR2715497B1 (en) 1996-02-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR9400763A Expired - Fee Related FR2715497B1 (en) 1994-01-25 1994-01-25 Circuit breaker nozzle with thermal expansion chamber.

Country Status (2)

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CH (1) CH689604A5 (en)
FR (1) FR2715497B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011007103A1 (en) 2011-04-11 2012-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electrical switching device
CN112289628B (en) * 2020-10-20 2023-02-24 西安西电开关电气有限公司 Arc extinguish chamber with double pressure expansion chambers

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2385214A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2519470A1 (en) * 1982-01-05 1983-07-08 Alsthom Atlantique COMPRESSED GAS CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2520928A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-05 Alsthom Atlantique PNEUMATIC SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0160853A2 (en) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-13 BBC Brown Boveri AG Compressed-gas circuit breaker

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2385214A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2519470A1 (en) * 1982-01-05 1983-07-08 Alsthom Atlantique COMPRESSED GAS CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2520928A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-05 Alsthom Atlantique PNEUMATIC SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0160853A2 (en) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-13 BBC Brown Boveri AG Compressed-gas circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH689604A5 (en) 1999-06-30
FR2715497B1 (en) 1996-02-16

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