FR2690481A1 - Pressure regulation device in concentric tubings - comprises compressible elements esp. of syntactic foam - Google Patents
Pressure regulation device in concentric tubings - comprises compressible elements esp. of syntactic foam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2690481A1 FR2690481A1 FR9204923A FR9204923A FR2690481A1 FR 2690481 A1 FR2690481 A1 FR 2690481A1 FR 9204923 A FR9204923 A FR 9204923A FR 9204923 A FR9204923 A FR 9204923A FR 2690481 A1 FR2690481 A1 FR 2690481A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- well
- fluid
- pressure
- casing
- compressible elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 e.g Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
- E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
- E21B33/143—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes for underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1042—Elastomer protector or centering means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
Abstract
Description
DISPOSITIF DE REGULATION DE LA PRESSION DANS LES
ANNULAIRES D'UN PUITS PETROLIER.DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE IN THE
ANNULARIES OF AN OIL WELL.
La présente invention a trait aux tubages utilisés dans les puits pétroliers à production offshore utilisant des têtes de puits sous-marines. The present invention relates to casings used in offshore production oil wells using subsea well heads.
De façon connue en soi, le forage d'un puits pétrolier steffectue par forage de tronçons successifs on fore tout d'abord une premier tronçon dans lequel on met en place un premier tubage ou tubage externe que lton cimente à la paroi de puits, puis on perce un deuxième tronçon de puits dans le prolongement du premier et ayant un diamètre inférieur à celui du tubage externe. On fait ensuite passer à travers celui-ci un second tubage ou tubage interne, de plus faible diamètre et qui s'étend depuis le fond du second tronçon de puits jusqu'à la surface du sol. On cimente ensuite le tubage interne à la paroi du second tronçon de puits et l'on fait remonter le ciment jusque dans la partie inférieure de l'espace annulaire (ou plus concisément "annulaire") compris entre les deux tubages.De la même façon, on peut forer plusieurs tronçons de plus en plus profonds, dans lesquels on introduit et cimente des tubages de diamètres de plus en plus faibles. La partie non cimentée de tous les annulaires est rendue étanche en installant à la tête du puits une étanchéité mécanique. Au moment de la mise en place de cette étanchéité, du fluide de forage ou de l'eau se trouve piégé dans tous les annulaires. In a manner known per se, the drilling of an oil well is carried out by drilling successive sections, first of all a first section is drilled in which a first casing or external casing is placed which is cemented to the wall of the well, then a second section of well is drilled in the extension of the first and having a diameter less than that of the external casing. Then passed through it a second casing or internal casing, of smaller diameter and which extends from the bottom of the second section of well to the ground surface. The internal casing is then cemented to the wall of the second section of well and the cement is brought up to the lower part of the annular space (or more concisely "annular") between the two casings. , it is possible to drill several increasingly deep sections, into which casings of increasingly smaller diameters are introduced and cemented. The non-cemented part of all annulars is made watertight by installing a mechanical seal at the head of the well. When this seal is put in place, drilling fluid or water is trapped in all annulars.
Pendant le forage du puits, l'élévation de température dans les annulaires est relativement faible, de sorte que la pression y reste modérée. Par contre, pendant la production, le pétrole chaud provoque une élévation importante de la température du fluide piégé et donc son expansion et une augmentation de la pression, laquelle peut atteindre la valeur critique d'éclatement ou d'écrasement des tubages. Dans les forages de puits terrestres, il est possible de ramener la pression à une valeur acceptable en prévoyant en tête de puits des vannes purgeuses qui laissent évacuer le volume de fluide correspondant à l'expansion du fluide. Mais dans le cas de puits offshore cela est naturellement impossible. During the drilling of the well, the temperature rise in the annulars is relatively small, so that the pressure there remains moderate. On the other hand, during production, the hot oil causes a significant rise in the temperature of the trapped fluid and therefore its expansion and an increase in the pressure, which can reach the critical value of bursting or crushing of the casings. In land well drilling, it is possible to reduce the pressure to an acceptable value by providing purge valves at the well head which allow the volume of fluid corresponding to the expansion of the fluid to be evacuated. But in the case of offshore wells this is naturally impossible.
La présente invention vise à remédier à cet inconvénient et elle prévoit à cet effet de disposer tout le long de chaque annulaire une succession d'éléments susceptibles de se comprimer sous l'action de l'augmentation de la pression interne dans l'annulaire. The present invention aims to remedy this drawback and to this end it provides for having, along each annular, a succession of elements capable of being compressed under the action of the increase in internal pressure in the annular.
Lorsqu'il se produit une expansion de fluide dans les annulaires entre le moment de l'installation de l'étanchéité mécanique de la tête de puits et le moment où le puits se met à produire, lesdits éléments se compriment et se réduisent en volume, ce qui permet de maintenir au sein du fluide une pression d'équilibre supportable par les tubages. When there is an expansion of fluid in the annulars between the moment of installation of the mechanical seal of the well head and the moment when the well begins to produce, said elements compress and reduce in volume, which maintains an equilibrium pressure within the fluid that can be supported by the casings.
Lesdits éléments sont réalisés en tout matériau compressible, par exemple en matière thermoplastique alvéolaire, telle que la mousse de polyuréthane, de polyéthylène ou de polystyrène. Selon les conditions d'utilisation, et en particulier la température maximale que peut atteindre le fluide piégé, on optimise la composition de la mousse pour qu'elle puisse absorber l'augmentation de volume du fluide piégé
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, les éléments sont constitués par des coquilles en forme de fraction de cylindre, par exemple en semi-cylindre, en quart ou tiers de cylindre, et ont un diamètre intérieur égal au diamètre extérieur du tubage interne et un diamètre extérieur voisin du diamètre intérieur du tubage externe.Said elements are made of any compressible material, for example of cellular thermoplastic material, such as polyurethane, polyethylene or polystyrene foam. Depending on the conditions of use, and in particular the maximum temperature that the trapped fluid can reach, the composition of the foam is optimized so that it can absorb the increase in volume of the trapped fluid.
According to a first embodiment, the elements consist of shells in the form of a fraction of a cylinder, for example in a semi-cylinder, in a quarter or third of a cylinder, and have an inside diameter equal to the outside diameter of the internal casing and a diameter outside close to the inside diameter of the outer casing.
Les coquilles sont fixées sur le tubage interne et descendues avec lui à travers le tubage externe. Elles sont disposées de manière à laisser libre entre elles des passages pour permettre la circulation des fluides lors de la mise en place du tubage interne et pendant la phase de cimentation. The shells are attached to the inner casing and lowered with it through the outer casing. They are arranged so as to leave free passage between them to allow the circulation of fluids during the establishment of the internal casing and during the cementing phase.
Avantageusement, les coquilles occupent la moitié de la périphérie de chaque espace annulaire et s'étendent sur environ 75 à 80% de la longueur libre du tubage interne, une longueur étant laissée libre pour la table de tubage, pour l'élévateur et pour l'emplacement des clés de vissage. Advantageously, the shells occupy half of the periphery of each annular space and extend over approximately 75 to 80% of the free length of the internal casing, a length being left free for the casing table, for the elevator and for the 'location of the tightening wrenches.
L'invention sera décrite à présent en regard du dessin annexé dans lequel
La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un puits de forage équipé d'éléments compressibles selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention
La figure 2 est une vue agrandie de la figure 1 ; et
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne
III-III de la figure 2
Dans la description qui va suivre, on supposera pour simplifier que le puits ne comporte que deux tronçons et deux tubages, mais il sera aisé d'étendre la description au cas pratique où le puits comporte plusieurs tubages concentriques.The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wellbore equipped with compressible elements according to a first embodiment of the invention
Figure 2 is an enlarged view of Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a sectional view along the line
Figure III-III
In the description which follows, it will be assumed for simplicity that the well comprises only two sections and two casings, but it will be easy to extend the description to the practical case where the well comprises several concentric casings.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un puits pétrolier 10 à production offshore. Le puits comprend un premier tronçon 12 dans lequel est mis en place un tubage externe 14 formé de plusieurs tubes reliés bout à bout et qui y est cimenté par un coulis de ciment 16. In Figure 1, there is shown an oil well 10 for offshore production. The well comprises a first section 12 in which an external casing 14 is put in place formed of several tubes connected end to end and which is cemented there by a cement grout 16.
A travers le tubage externe est foré un second tronçon de puits 18 de diamètre inférieur à celui du premier tronçon, puis un tubage interne 20 de diamètre nettement inférieur à celui du tubage externe est introduit dans celui-ci. Le tubage interne est descendu au fond 22 du second tronçon de puits 18 et s'détend coaxialement dans le tubage externe jusqu'à la surface du sol 24. A second section of well 18 is drilled through the external casing with a diameter less than that of the first section, then an internal casing 20 with a diameter much smaller than that of the external casing is introduced therein. The internal casing is lowered to the bottom 22 of the second section of well 18 and extends coaxially in the external casing up to the ground surface 24.
Par des techniques connues, on cimente ensuite le tubage interne 20 à la paroi du second tronçon de puits, au moyen d'un coulis de ciment 26 que l'on fait remonter jusqu a ce qu' il remplisse partiellement l'annulaire 28 compris entre le tubage externe et le tubage interne. Le restant de l'annulaire est rempli de fluide de forage ou d'eau. Une étanchéité mécanique 30 est montée à la tête du puits pour garantir l'étanchéité de l'annulaire 28. By known techniques, the internal casing 20 is then cemented to the wall of the second section of well, by means of a cement slurry 26 which is brought up until it partially fills the annular 28 between the outer casing and the inner casing. The rest of the ring finger is filled with drilling fluid or water. A mechanical seal 30 is mounted at the head of the well to guarantee the seal of the ring finger 28.
Comme on l'a expliqué précédemment, lors de la production de pétrole, celui-ci provoque un réchauffement de l'anneau liquide et donc son expansion. Du fait du confinement du liquide, la pression dans l'annulaire augmente et peut atteindre des valeurs critiques d'éclatement du tube externe et d'écrasement du tube interne. As explained above, during the production of petroleum, this causes the liquid ring to heat up and therefore expand. Due to the confinement of the liquid, the pressure in the ring finger increases and can reach critical values of bursting of the outer tube and crushing of the inner tube.
Selon l'invention, on empêche cette augmentation de la pression en disposant le long de l'annulaire une pluralité d'éléments en matière compressible, par exemple en mousse syntactique, telle que de la mousse de polyuréthane, de polyéthylène ou de polystyrène. Lorsque la pression augmente, les éléments se compriment d'un volume correspondant au volume d'expansion du fluide piégé. According to the invention, this increase in pressure is prevented by placing along the annular a plurality of elements of compressible material, for example syntactic foam, such as polyurethane, polyethylene or polystyrene foam. When the pressure increases, the elements compress by a volume corresponding to the expansion volume of the trapped fluid.
Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, ces éléments sont constitués par des coquilles en mousse 32 en forme de quart de cylindre, dont le diamètre intérieur est égal au diamètre extérieur du tubage interne 20 et dont le diamètre extérieur est sensiblement égal au diamètre interne du tubage externe 14. Comme le montrent les figures 2 et 3, les coquilles 32 sont disposées par paires dans des positions diamétralement opposées par rapport à l'axe du puits, de sorte qu'il subsiste entre les coquilles deux canaux longitudinaux 34,36 pour le passage du fluide de forage lors de la mise en place du tubage, et du ciment lors de la cimentation du tubage. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, these elements are constituted by foam shells 32 in the form of a quarter of a cylinder, the internal diameter of which is equal to the external diameter of the internal casing 20 and the external diameter of which is substantially equal to internal diameter of the external casing 14. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shells 32 are arranged in pairs in positions diametrically opposite with respect to the axis of the well, so that there are two longitudinal channels between the shells 34 , 36 for the passage of drilling fluid during the installation of the casing, and of the cement during the cementing of the casing.
Il va de soi que les coquilles peuvent aussi être en forme de demi ou tiers de cylindre. It goes without saying that the shells can also be in the form of half or third of a cylinder.
Suivant les conditions d'utilisation, on pourra optimiser la composition de la mousse pour qu'elle présente les caractéristiques les plus appropriées, telles que résistance à l'écrasement, réduction de volume, proportion de micro billes, etc... Depending on the conditions of use, the composition of the foam can be optimized so that it has the most appropriate characteristics, such as resistance to crushing, reduction in volume, proportion of microbeads, etc.
La longueur de tubage à munir de coquilles dépend du volume de fluide piégé lors de la mise en place de l'étanchéité de surface 30, donc des diamètres des tubages externe et interne ainsi que de la hauteur de l'espace annulaire non cimenté. Elle dépend également de l'élévation de température entre la phase de mise en place et la phase de production. The length of casing to be provided with shells depends on the volume of fluid trapped when the surface seal 30 is put in place, therefore on the diameters of the external and internal casings as well as on the height of the non-cemented annular space. It also depends on the rise in temperature between the installation phase and the production phase.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR929204923A FR2690481B1 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE IN THE ANNULARS OF AN OIL WELL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR929204923A FR2690481B1 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE IN THE ANNULARS OF AN OIL WELL. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2690481A1 true FR2690481A1 (en) | 1993-10-29 |
| FR2690481B1 FR2690481B1 (en) | 1994-07-29 |
Family
ID=9429118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR929204923A Expired - Fee Related FR2690481B1 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE IN THE ANNULARS OF AN OIL WELL. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2690481B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0870898A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-14 | Soletanche Bachy France | Method for injection treatment of a formation of little deformability and sleeve for use with the method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3820599A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1974-06-28 | Rockwell Mfg Co | Circulation apparatus |
| US4086971A (en) * | 1976-09-15 | 1978-05-02 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Riser pipe inserts |
| EP0140311A1 (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1985-05-08 | Dailey Petroleum Services Corp. | Apparatus for reducing friction between rotating drill pipe and the well bore |
| US5056598A (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1991-10-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method of protecting casing during high pressure well stimulation |
-
1992
- 1992-04-22 FR FR929204923A patent/FR2690481B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3820599A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1974-06-28 | Rockwell Mfg Co | Circulation apparatus |
| US4086971A (en) * | 1976-09-15 | 1978-05-02 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Riser pipe inserts |
| EP0140311A1 (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1985-05-08 | Dailey Petroleum Services Corp. | Apparatus for reducing friction between rotating drill pipe and the well bore |
| US5056598A (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1991-10-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method of protecting casing during high pressure well stimulation |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0870898A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-14 | Soletanche Bachy France | Method for injection treatment of a formation of little deformability and sleeve for use with the method |
| FR2762042A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-16 | Bachy | PROCESS OF INJECTION TREATMENT OF A LITTLE DEFORMABLE GROUND AND IMPROVED SLEEVE TUBE IMPLEMENTED |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2690481B1 (en) | 1994-07-29 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |