FR2683547A1 - Process and device for clarification of mash - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and a device for clarification of mash. The state of the art is a process and a device according to publication DE 2,532,511 B2, the extraction of the draff (mash free of wort) being ensured on two successive brewings (charges), in an alternating direction of flow. The drawback is that the pores of the filtering fabrics may become obstructed, upon clarifying the one same charge of mash, the filtering operation then being hampered. The invention therefore aims to prevent the formation of a barrier layer on the filtering surfaces during the clarification of a charge of mash. This objective is achieved by the alternating injection of brewing liquor into one (c or a) or other (d and/or b) of two cavities, between which a mash chamber (g) is located, this chamber being separated from the two cavities by a filtering surface (fabric 50 or 52), during the production of second wort, upon extracting the draff, and by the simultaneous drawing-off of second wort from the other cavity and/or from a cavity adjacent to the mash chamber. The advantage of this solution is the dissolution of a barrier layer on the filtering surfaces by reversing the direction of flow through each mash chamber, after a first phase of producing second wort for a second phase of this same production, a barrier layer not being formed again on the other filtering surface of each mash chamber.

Description

NOT A WORD

  Method and device for clarifying the mash.

  The present invention relates to a method, known from internal publication DE 25 32 511 B 2, for clarifying the mash by means of a filter comprising several mash chambers separated from each other, mounted in parallel by means of '' a supply line

  common in maische, respectively limited by two sur-

  fi ltrantes (tissues) and f sides Bilaterally joined by two cavities, which receive, in order in time, the air discharged from the intermediate mash chamber, then the first wort, then the brewing water and / or the wort second, or vice versa, process in which the house is pushed

  discontinuously through the supply line in the rooms

  bres de maische, the air contained in these latter being then driven back, and The first wort being then driven from the mash into the cavities, process in which, at the end of the feeding in mash, the brewing water does not is injected only into one of the two cavities for a given time, the second wort being extracted from the other of these two cavities, and process in which compressed air (a few bars) is finally used, if necessary, to hunt residual wort

of the house and the cavities.

  In the known process, Wash water is injected into

  one of the two wort chambers, forming a pair and separate

  by a mash room, and the second must is

  evacuated from the other of these two wort chambers, for the former

  traction, already known (softening, watering, washing) of grains (wort-free mash), remaining in the mash chambers after filtration, extraction is typically carried out on two successive brews (loads) in one direction alternating flow, each of the two wort chambers, separated by a mash chamber, being used alternately for the supply of washing water and for the evacuation of the second wort Such a process eliminates the problem represented by a layer barrier, recognized as a viscous layer containing proteins

  (paste), which gradually clogs L Slightly the pores of the fil-

  trants, used as filtering surfaces, if these fabrics are not cleaned fundamentally, and with a frequency

  sufficient, using detergent in the mash filter.

  Clogging of pores has various disadvantages, avoided

by the known method.

  It has been established in the meantime that the barrier layer

  mentioned may appear between two cleaning operations

  cleaning on the filtering surface, even with regular cleaning

  bind filter fabrics, in the operation of filters-

  chamber presses for filtration of the house, when

  inferior raw materials were used

  for the production of the mash, or when these ma-

  raw materials have not been prepared in the rules of the art, so that the filter bed is already obstructed before the formation of the grain cake The consequence is a rapid increase in pressure up to the pressure threshold of the filter, or up to the maximum delivery head of the filtration pump or the brewing water supply pump, used for washing But if one of these points is reached, the filtration operation should be interrupted or the washing of the filter press cake The wort contained in the cake and / or the residual extract is therefore lost for the brewing process By its high residual water content, the filter cake, freed from the grain, raises by at

  Garlic The wastewater load of the brewery.

  The invention therefore aims to create a method for clarifying La maische by means of a filter, which avoids the aforementioned drawbacks and the realization of which is opposed to the formation of a barrier layer on the filtering surfaces, from the

  clarification of a mash load.

  From a method of the type described in the introduction, this objective is achieved, in accordance with the invention, by the fact that, during the production of second must from a single charge of mash, water Brewing is injected into the other of the two cavities, for a given period, different from that mentioned, and the second wort is extracted from a cavity, separated from the intermediate chamber by a filtering surface (tissue) As a result of reversing the direction of flow through each mash chamber, after a first production phase

  second must for a second phase of the same production

  tion, a barrier layer, formed on the delimitation of any mash chamber, is dissolved there, without being able to reform on the other edge of the same chamber, even when the second phase is as long as the first, because the protein molecules, forming the barrier layer, should enter the second phase through almost all of the mash load, while

  that these molecules, in the first phase, migrate from different

  layers of the load on one of its edges, as do the solids (g Lumes) of the load of mash

  during the formation of the cake of consignment.

  The mash filter according to the publication DE 25 32 511 B 2, used for carrying out the known method, does not allow the method according to the invention to be carried out, because the two

  cavities, flanking each mash chamber, are made there

  seized in the form of bulky wort chambers, a

  unit capacity of more than 20 Liters, so that the injection

  brewing water for the production of second must,

  in a must chamber already containing filtrate, provo-

  would be the dilution of this quantity of relative filtrate-

high.

  If the mash is subjected to an indirect preliminary pressing, between the extraction of the first mash, said filtration of the mash, and of the second mash of the two cavities (mash chambers), flanking each mash chamber, with air under relatively low pressure, of a few tenths of bars, the residual first must then being discharged from the two cavities, a dilution of the must, present in these cavities, is

  avoided by the brewing water used for the must

  conds In the known method, on the other hand, the first wort formed in the wort chambers, between filtration of the mash and washing, is discharged by the brewing water, and

its dilution is considerable.

  If the house is subjected to an indirect final pressing after washing, with air under a relatively high pressure of a few bars, the residual second must then

  pushed back from the two adjacent cavities, it is possible to evacuate

  cuer this second wort through a conduit, which extends over the two cavities flanking each mash chamber In the known process, on the other hand, air is only injected into each second wort chamber and penetrates through the two adjacent mash rooms and in the must rooms

  following, after the second must has been pumped out.

  In carrying out the process according to the invention, it is also possible, as known per se, to feed and pass through the mash chambers with a detergent, on the path of the mash, after clarification and extraction consecutively from the grain, in order to clean the filtering surfaces (filtering fabrics) It is also planned to simultaneously inject compressed air into the mash chambers, on the path of the latter, and thus animate the detergent of a turbulence movement, which considerably elevates the cleaning effect

laundry.

  If the brewing water for the production of second wort is recycled, after the last reversal of the flow direction

  preferably through the mash chambers, the

  wort centering thus rising in a de-

  aggressive, a primary energy gain is obtained as for each increase in concentration in subsequent cooking

must.

  It is possible to use as a mash filter, in the

  process according to the invention, a diaphragm filter press

  me, characterized by a pack of plates, tight against each other and watertight, composed of plates with bulged chambers and diaphragm plates, with a

  central support plate and two lateral diaphragms

  flés, tight on their edges, which press one of the two filtering surfaces (fabrics), limiting a

  maische, wedged on their edge between two adjacent plates

  when the mash room is full and the other

  tre of the two filtering surfaces then rests on the plate with a neighboring bulging chamber, the order of the elements, in

  the direction of the plates of the package provided with six parallel conduits

  the, being the following on each chamber plate: 1 a first filtering surface (tissue), which limits with this chamber plate a first cavity, connected to a first conduit (cannula), 2 the second filtering surface (tissue), corresponding to the same mash chamber, and which limits with the first adjacent diaphragm of a diaphragm plate a second cavity, connected to a second conduit (cannula), 3 the support plate, corresponding to the first diaphragm, of the diaphragm plate which forms between these two elements a first air compartment, connected to an air duct (orifice), 4 The second diaphragm of the diaphragm plate, which forms

  between this diaphragm and its support plate a second comparison

  air duct, also connected to the air duct (orifice), a third filtering surface (tissue) of the next chamber, which limits with the second diaphragm a third cavity, connected to a third duct (cannula), 6 the fourth filtering surface (tissue), corresponding to this next mash chamber, and which forms with the adjacent chamber plate a fourth cavity, connected to a fourth conduit (cannula),

  7 this p Next chamber lacquer, then again 1 to 7.

  etc the capacities of the cavities being the lowest possible (1

l approximately).

  By the four conduits, which are not used for its loading

  in mash and / or on the arrival or evacuation of compressed air

  but such a mash filter offers the possibility of feeding

  its cavities, selectively, in compressed air, pre-

  mix wort, brewing water and second wort, and evacuate

the aforementioned substances.

  The invention also relates to a device for carrying out

  sation of the process, with a wort line leading from the

  mash filter to a wort tank or a primary tank

  mayor, in which there is minimal back pressure (some-

  ques tenths of bars), characterized in that the first section of this must line constitutes a pressure maintenance line, at the end of which a throttle valve follows a pressure sensor, The valve limiting with Le sensor a servo system The characteristic line of pressure maintenance opposes a suction pressure through the filtrate, which flows during the pre-pressing and in the first phase of production of second wort, on the grain cake, c that is to say an untimely compression of the latter before and after this

first phase.

  The invention will be explained using a procedure

  preferential, represented in principle, of the process

  form to the invention, and a filtration installation of

  the house with the diaphragm filter press, used

  according to the invention, and the device according to the invention The attached drawings schematically represent: Figure 1: a mash filter with a grain silo, in combination with a pipe mounting plan, Figure 2: a perspective view of the mash filter with some connections, Figures 3 to 8: a partial longitudinal section of the mash filter with the connections, in the filling and / or extraction state of the first

  must and / or prior pressing and / or ex-

  traction of two successive second musts and / or final pressing,

  Figure 9: an extended partial longitudinal section followed

  vant figure 4, with three chambers of mash.

  The filtration system consists mainly of the horizontal mash filter and the underlying grain silo, into which the grain cake of maize chambers falls, when the filter is open and its plates

  are separated from each other.

  The mash filter has a movable end plate

  and a stationary end plate 10 ', by the-

  which is clamped a pack of plates, which begins with a chamber plate 12 on the end plate 10 ', and which ends with two different diaphragm plates 14 and 14' on the end plate 10 The different structure of these two plates 12 and 14, juxtaposed linearly, emerges from Figures 3 to 8, and will be described in relation to these figures. All the diaphragm plates 14 are provided with a ventilation hole 16, connected to an air duct 18, through which compressed air can pass for the ventilation of the diaphragm lacquers 14, and of the exhaust air for

  deaeration of these same plates.

  A continuous cowl duct 20, in the lower part, is produced in sections on the two end plates 10, as well as on the lacquers with chambers 12 and the lacquers with chambers

  diaphragms 14, forming the package of intermediate lacquers.

  With a pipe 22, connecting its two ends, the con-

  duit de maische 20 forms a ring, in which L opens a

  supply line 24 coming from the material tank.

  In their four corners, the rectangular plates 12 and 14 respectively have a section of one of the four conduits of f Luide, referenced by a first conduit 26, a second conduit 28, a third conduit 30 and a fourth conduit 32, of which La p End lacquer 10 'forms a fina section Le, connected as follows: The final sections of the two upper conduits 28 (second) and / or 32 (fourth) are individually connected to a discharge pipe 34

  towards the wort tank or its main tank

  mayor The final sections of the two lower conduits 26 (first) and / or 30 (third) are connected separately to a supply water supply line 36 For clarity of FIGS. 1 and 2, these two connections have been traced there, and are only valid for the first phase of washing according to FIG. 6, for the production of the first second must, in particular the other connections, required for the

  conduits 26, 28, 30 and 32 in other phases of c Larifica-

  tion, result from the description of Figures 3 to 5, 7 and 8.

  Figure 2 symbolically represents a con-

  junction line 38 in mixed lines, between The pipe

  supply 36 and the drain 34

  pick 38 includes a water pump 40 with two directions of discharge Lement, during the operation of Lacquer L The brewing water introduced circulates in a selective direction through conduits 26 and 30, on the one hand, 28 and 32, on the other hand, for washing the mash, and this in the phase of

  clarification according to Figure 6 or 7.

  A throttle valve 42 and a pressure sensor 44, which controls it, are mounted in the must evacuation pipe 34, the valve limiting with the pressure sensor a controlled system, which is located at the end of a pressure maintenance line, which begins on mash filter cavities similar to wort chambers Maintaining a back pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 bar prevents suction

of the house.

  Each chamber plate 12, with an enlarged bilateral edge-

  ment, present in the latter, on each wide side, a

  cannula 12 1 and / or 12 4, which opens into the associated section

  ciée the first conduit 26 and / or the fourth conduit 32, and in which opens a first cavity a and / or a fourth cavity d, arranged on different wide sides of the chamber plate 12, which is provided, inside

  its enlarged edge, of equal bilateral bulges, which serve

  wind spreaders and allow a branched passage of the must on the wide sides of this plate 12, which forms in the center of its lower face a protruding section of the conduit

house 20.

  Each diaphragm plate 14, with an enlarged edge, has in the latter, on each wide side, a cannula 14 2

  and / or 14 3, which leads into the associated section of the two

  xth conduit 28 and / or third conduit 30, and in which opens a second cavity b and / or a third cavity c, arranged on different wide sides of the diaphragm plate 14, the support element of the plate 14, which

  has wide sides, delimiting a first compartment

  air e and a second air compartment f, which delimits

  in addition, a first diaphragm 46 and / or a second diaphragm 48 airtight and swollen on the outside, clamped at their edges in the edge of the diaphragm plate-

  me 14 In the upper edge of the plate, the compartments

  air elements e and f are connected together to one of the ventilation holes 16, connected to the air duct 18 The plate

  with diaphragm 14 also forms in the center of its underside

  there is a protruding section of the casing duct 20.

  Two filtering surfaces, namely plastics fabrics 50 and 52, the edges of which are sealed relative to each other, are wedged between the edges of the plates,

  are located between each plate 12 and 14 and the plate adjja-

  cente 14 and / or 12 An opening, through which the mash can enter the mash chambers, bounded by the two fabrics 50 and 52, and / or can pass into the duct section of the next plate, is provided on the juxtaposed lower edges of the fabrics 50 and 52, in the region of the duct of the cowl 20 When the chamber of the cowl g is filled, the two fabrics 50 and 52 are supported on the bulges of the diaphragm 46 or 48 and / or the element

support of a chamber plate 12.

  The first phase of the clarification operation is the filling of the mash chambers g according to FIG. 3: the mash, brought into the conduit 20, is pushed between the

  two fabrics 50 and 52 from each chamber g, until the rem-

  pleating of the latter, the fabrics 50 and 52 then being supported by the bulges of the adjacent diaphragm 48 (or 46) and / or of the chamber plate 12 During filling, the ventilation holes 16 of the diaphragm plates 14 are connected to the air duct 18, while the cannulas 14 2 and 14 3 of each diaphragm plate 14 are connected to the duct 28 and / or 30, the cannulas 12 4 and 12 1 of each chamber plate being connected to the duct 32 and / or 26, if 1 1 although the exhaust air from the gut chambers g may escape.

  The second phase of the clarification operation is the ex-

  traction of the first part of the first wort according to FIG. 4: after the cut between the ventilation orifice 16 of each diaphragm plate and the common air duct 18, and after the junction of the cannulas 14 2 and 14 3 of each diaphragm plate 14 with the conduit 28 and / or 30, as well as cannulas 12 4 and 12 1 of each chamber plate 12 with the

  duct 32 and / or 26, the chambers g continue to be supplied

  mashed in mash, until the wort, under the pressure of the subsequent mash flow, escapes into the cavities a to d, from which it is evacuated by the mentioned cannulas and conduits, which it is possible to group, as shown in Figure 4, and in particular Figure 9 for three

adjacent gut chambers.

  The third phase of the clarification operation is the ex-

  traction of the second part of the first must by preliminary pressing: unlike the second phase (FIG. 4), the supply of mash is stopped by closing the duct 20, and the air duct 18 is again connected to all the ventilation holes 16 of the diaphragm plates 14 Via the conduit 18 and the orifice 16 of

  each diaphragm plate 14, the two symmetrical compartments

  triques e and f are supplied with air under an effective pressure of the order of 0.3 bar, which causes bulging of the two diaphragms 46 and 48, this bulging exerting pressure on the fabric 52 and / or 50 of the mash g, placed in the same intermediate space of the plates as the diaphragm, and which rests in its entirety on the plate with adjacent chamber 12 The first wort, which escapes from each chamber of mash g in the cavities a and b and / or c and d, flows through the associated cannulas of the

  edges of plates in the liquid conduits, which

  fall, also in this phase, in a

common charge.

  The fourth phase of the clarification operation is the production of the first second musts according to FIG. 6: for this purpose, the cannula 14 3 of each diaphragm plate 14

  and the cannula 12 1 of each chamber plate 12 are connected

  from the air duct 18, which supplies air, at a pressure of the order of 1 bar, compartment c and / or a, the cannula 14 2 of each diaphragm plate 14 and the cannula 12 4 of each chamber plate 12 being connected to conduit 28 and / or 32, by the common discharge from which the second wort, produced by the flow of washing water through the gut chamber, escapes from the cavity b and / or d In this fourth phase, the ventilation holes 16 of the diaphragm plates 14 are not connected, or

  better, are closed, as in the next fifth phase.

  The fifth phase of the clarification operation is the production of the second second musts, according to FIG. 7: for this purpose, the junctions of the two cannulas of each plate 12 or 14 are connected to the two conduits associated with each plate, so that the brewing water enters the cavities b and / or d through the conduits 28 and 32 and through the cannulas 14 2 and / or 12 4, and the second wort, in the chambers c and a, escapes through the cannulas 14 3 and / or 12 1 and via conduits 30 and / or 26 A barrier layer of viscous substance based on proteins, formed during the fourth phase on the internal face of individual tissues or of all tissues 52 and / or 50, is then effectively dissolved. The viscous particles are removed from the tissue by the stirring water, which passes through each chamber of the mash g, and brought closer to the opposite tissue, which they must however only reach in minor. part, so that a maximum quantity of viscous substance s e located in the spent grain cake, extracted later, and not on the tissues It appears from a comparison of Figures 6 and 7

  that the distribution of solids in the house is one-sided

  rale, and reverses after changing the plate junctions. The sixth phase of the clarification operation is the production of the last second musts before the extraction of the grain, by final pressing of the mash: the cannulas of the plates 12 and 14, and the ventilation holes 16 of the diaphragm plates 14, are naturally connected as in the pre-pressing (Figure 5), and the last wort follows the same evacuation routes, as the first wort produced during the pre-pressing The air pressure must however be between 2 and 6 bars , so that the liquid phase leaves the mash chambers g and leaves a wort-free grain cake, which falls into the waiting grain silo, after opening the pack of plates and separation

mutual of these.

Claims (8)

Claims.   1 Method for clarifying the mash by means of a mash filter comprising several mash chambers (g) separated from each other, mounted in parallel via a common supply line (20)   in mash, respectively limited by two wire surfaces   trantes (tissues 50 and 52) and flanked bilaterally by two cavities (a and b or c and d), which receive, by order in time, the exhaust air from the intermediate chamber (g), then the first must , then the brewing water and / or the second must, or vice versa, a process in which the   butche is pushed discontinuously by the supply line   tation (20) in the chambers (g), the air contained in the latter then being discharged, and the first wort then being expelled from the mash in the cavities (a and b or c and d), a process in which, at at the end of the mash feed, the brewing water is only injected into one (c and / or a) of the two cavities for a given time (t), the second wort being extracted from the other (d and / or b) of these two cavities, and method in which compressed air (a few bars) is finally used, if necessary, to remove the residual must from the mash and the cavities (a and b or c and d), characterized in that, during the production of second must from a single batch of mash, brewing water is injected into the other (d and / or b) of the two cavities, during a given period, different from that mentioned (t), and the second must is extracted from a cavity (c and / or a), separated from the intermediate chamber   (g) by a filtering surface (fabric 50 or 52).   2 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mash is subjected to an indirect preliminary pressing, between the extraction of the first mash and the second mash from the two cavities (a and b or c and d), flanking each mash chamber (g), by air under relatively low pressure (a few tenths of bars), the first residual wort being   then pushed back from the two cavities (Figure 5).   3 Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, character-   laughed in that the house is subjected to an indirect final pressing, by air under a relatively high pressure, the second residual must being then repressed by two   adjacent cavities (a and b or c and d) (Figure 8).   4 Method according to any one of claims 1 to   3, in which the mash chambers (g), on the path of the mash (conduit 20), are supplied and traversed by a detergent, after clarification and the subsequent extraction of the grain, characterized in that compressed air is injected simultaneously into the mash chambers (g), on the path of the latter (conduit 20),   the detergent being thus animated by a turbulent movement lence.   A method according to any of claims 1 to   4, characterized in that the brewing water for the production   The second must is recycled (Figure 2), after the last   reversal of the direction of flow through the mash chambers (g), preferably the concentration of wort   thereby rising continuously in a degressive manner.   6 Method according to any one of claims 1 to   , in which the mash filter used is a diaphragm filter press, characterized by a pack of plates, tight against one another and watertight, composed of plates with bulged chambers (12) and diaphragm plates (14), with a central support plate and two swelling lateral diaphragms (46 and 48), tightened on their edges, which press one (fabric 50) of the two filtering surfaces (fabrics 50 and 52), limiting a mash (g), wedged on their edge between two adjacent plates, when the mash chamber (g) is filled and the other of the two filter surfaces (fabric 52) is then supported on the plate with bulged chamber (12) neighboring, the order of the elements, in the direction of the plates of the package provided with six parallel conduits (18, 20, 26, 28, 30, 32), being the following on each plate with chamber (12):  6 1) a first filtering surface (fabric 52), which limits with this chamber plate (12) a first cavity (a), connected to a first conduit (26) (cannula 12 1),   6.2) the second filtering surface (fabric 50), corresponding   dante to the same mash room (g), and which limits with   the first adjacent diaphragm (46) of a diaphragm plate   me (14) a second cavity (b), connected to a second con- tube (28) (cannula 14 2),   6.3) the support plate, corresponding to the first diaphragm   me (46), of the diaphragm plate (14) which forms between these two elements a first air compartment (e), connected to an air duct (18) (orifice 16), 6.4) the second diaphragm ( 48) diaphragm plate   (14), which forms between this diaphragm (48) and its plate-   support a second air compartment (f), also connected to the air duct (18) (orifice 16), 6.5) a third filtering surface (fabric 50) of the next mash chamber (g), which limits with the second   diaphragm (48) a third cavity (c), connected to a third sth duct (30) (cannula 14 3),   6 6) the fourth filtering surface (fabric 52), corresponding   dante to this next mash chamber (g), and which forms   with the next chamber plate (12) adjacent one   third cavity (d), connected to a fourth conduit (32) (ca-   nule 12 4), 6 7) this next chamber plate (12), then again 6.1 to 6 7 etc   the capacities of the cavities (a, b, c, d) being the weakest possible wheat (about 1 l).   7 Device for carrying out the method according to one   of claims 1 and 6, with a wort line (34)   leading from the mash filter to a wort tank or to a primary tank lp, in which the reigns a minimal back pressure (that some tenths of bars), characterized in that the first section of this wort line (34) constitutes a pressure maintenance line, at the end of the lacquer L Le a throttle valve (42) follows a sensor   pressure, the valve Limiting with the sensor (44) a system subject enslaved.