FR2681649A1 - HYDROMECHANICAL TELESCOPING SYSTEM, ESPECIALLY FOR A MOTOR CRANE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The system comprises a set of two-stage hydraulic cylinders made with a lower stage (43/44) and a stronger stage (42/43), the lower stage being connected to the first and second telescopic elements (12, 13 ) and the stronger stage being connected to the second and third telescopic elements (13, 14). The base body (11) and the first and second telescopic elements are kinematically connected to each other, so that the telescopic elements (12, 13) can synchronously exit from the base body (11), and the second and fourth telescopic elements (13 to 15) are kinematically connected to each other, so that the third and fourth telescopic elements (14, 15) can exit synchronously from the second telescopic element (13). The base body has a device for locking the first and second telescopic elements (12, 13) with respect to this body (11).

Description

The invention relates to a tel-sco system Dpa = e, - - ,, _ -, aue =, ommortanz

  a basic body and four telescopic beams able to come out of the telescopic beam, with two-stage hydraulic cylinder device and two output cables and two re-entry cables, which each pass around a deflection pulley and which are fixed at their ends 1 CO on one of the parts constituting the arm (basic body or telescopic elements), it being understood that two deflection pulleys are each arranged on two of the four outgoing telescopic elements _ A telescoping system comprising four telescopic elements that can come out of a b-ase body is also denoted in ab rr, Darsyseme teiescopi 7 as with four stages The designation "idispositif of hydraulic cylinders with two stages" includes two hydraulic cylinders on one stage on the a hydraulic cylinder comprising two stages which can be controlled separately Chains 201 with chain pins should be considered as analogous to cables with return pulleys N u uses systems of the type indicated at the beginning in the case of telescopic antennas, telescopic ladders and telescopic arms of cranes in particular of automobile cranes A system of telaescopa of the generic type is known, on L -'exemle of an arm telescopic crane automm- i, in the form of a tele system OD Ulou = nvdromec Ranique a ua Eta = es comp-ruant un out L l a pariru c "um U 't" _is li eurs st ,, e elsc

  Telescopic booms' ", N TP 21 of 1/10/87 of the firm Liebherr-

  Werk Ehingen Gmb H D 7930 Ehingen /, Donau In the case of this telescoping system, orn has two hydraulic cylinders, the first hydraulic cylinder of which is fixed, i = e

  S its piston rod, on the base body, and, with its housing.

  on the first telescopic element sliding towards the outside, and the second hydraulic cylinder of which is fixed, -with its piston rod, on the first telescopic element, and with its casing, on the second telescopic element sliding towards the outside D ' on the one hand, we can bring out all the telescopic elements leaving simultaneously by means of the first hydraulic cylinder, in their arrangement which has just been indicated, and, on the other hand, we can bring out, in fa: we synchronized hronized = , by means of the second hydraulic rn, the telescopic elements, from the second to the fourth, with respect to the first teilescopic element

  outgoing, depending on each of the positions it has taken.

  In a Gon Eenerale way, we can say, for a four-stage telescoping system, that the exit only of the 2 z O third and of the outgoing telescopic element, in the case of an average Oras length, due to the Low arm weights, at its free end, a low overturning torque caused by the arm, and, therefore, a more rare seat security Only a partial exit of the first and second telescopic lem-ent costly, all leaving in place the tri Ce and the iuatrieme telescopic element in the second telescopic element, provsmue, by -ntre an imortante load on the arm, by following _

rance section.

  An essential drawback of the known telescoping system is constituted by the fact that the two telescopic elements cannot be moved independently of the third and fourth telescopic elements, and that conversely, the third and fourth telescopic elements cannot not be moved independently of the second telescopic element, and by the fact that thus, no decisive possibility of choice is offered to bring out the telescopic elements in the case of an average arm length Thus, in the case of an average arm length, then it is not possible to obtain neither the strength of

  the maximum possible life, nor the maximum possible stability.

  Another drawback of the known telescoping system is constituted by the fact that the first stage of jacks, due to the articulation by cables, is burdened by the double external load caused by the load to be lifted, by the return of the lifting cable. and by the self-weight, and by the

  fact that it must be largely scaled accordingly.

  The invention has set itself the aim of designing a telescoping system of the generic type, such that the various constituent parts are provided and can exit in such a way that, in the field determined by the values imposed by the solidity, as well as in the area determined by stability security, we obtain maximum values In most of the use cases, we end up with the most poetic possible pod, L in the case by t-ulier with a most favorable distribution i Pessil p Doi-bds es pieces - nstitutives pour Stn r art er is ti ues LI wished power Partly icuier S S -as -e cranes cars, it is to anneal as much as possible the "weight of the machine", because, in almost all cases, the authorized weight of the combination and / or axle loads

poses problems.

  S This problem is solved according to the invention by the fact that the set of two-stage hydraulic cylinders St achieves with a lower stage and a stronger stage, in that the lower stage is connected with the first and the second telescopic element and the stronger floor is connected = with the second and 1 _ third telescopic element, by the fact that, each time, by an output cable and a return cable, the basic body and the first and the second telescopic el-ment are connected ii = matiquemenrt between them, in such a way that the first and the second teiescopic -lement can come out of synchronized tacon of the basic body, and that the elescopic elements, from the second to the fourth, are cinematically linked together, in such a way that the third and fourth Lescopic element can come out of =, synchronized with the second telescopic element, and by -F that the basic body presents a locking device with the water the pr emier and the second telesc Dpique element can be locked with respect to the basic body The weaker point of the device of hydraulic cylinders with two eta = s is then supported, with its piston rod and its cylinder (casing) or vice versa on the first and second outgoing telescopic element, and i'-ta = e stronger, on the

  second _I e the third element teiesrcpique sortarn.

  The main part of the inventio N consists in displacing the point of fixing of the small stage of jack, weaker, in the first telescopic element, in fixing one of the ends of the traction cable in the vicinity of the open end of the body base and its other end at the bottom of the first telescopic element and to have the corresponding deflection pulleys in the vicinity of the fixed point of the small -tag = cylinder, as well as to provide a possibility of blocking by an axis the first telescopic element with the basic body, and the second telescopic element with the first telescopic element and the basic body We thus obtain that the load supported by the traction cable and the small stage of cylinder, after the exit of the first and second telescopic element and their locking with the body of the base is 1 _ reduced to half compared to the usual arrangement. Therefore, the small cylinder stage can, correspondingly, be more dimly dimensioned. ionne By the reduced dimensions of the small verin stage, we also get a smaller dimension of the srand ta of verin, which leads, in the system, to a significant reduction in the weight of the arm and, consequently dimensions smaller cylinder, t, therefore, a decrease in the amount of hydraulic oil u In total due to the reduced fres supported by the cylinder and the traction cable, we obtain lower weights for the load-bearing parts of the arm De -e fact, ron obtains, again _ 'advantage of an increase in the lifting capacity and an improvement in the = ie S es-a-rlt an am -eir't fct S -i-ourbes el = ',' = a = la = == srue and, thus, a mel = lelure u_: l-sactcn for a given crane Reduced search - uc _i N cduit, without changing the values, a crres-poante reduction cu weight of axle loads On the other hand, the reduction of the weight of the arm can also be used to increase the counterweight, which leads to increasing the cha rge, for an equal tability It is also possible, in this context, to have an absolute arm length longer than

construction.

  Another advantage of the invention resice in the fact that the second telescopic element and this at the same time as the first can also be locked with the basic body. By this measure, it is possible, in a simpl-e way, to Different output lengths of different telescopic elements To obtain, in each case, the length 1 v Dulue_ for different Lions load and stability conditions.

  use of a differential cylinder comprising two: x-

  telescopic piston rods, as opposed to two hydraulic cylinders used separately, makes possible a coaxial action 2.0 of the forces, and can, moreover, lead to an economy

additional weight.

  The kinematic connection of the body of -a-se and the first and the second ele ment te 1 escopique is advantageously

  materialized, ar The fact that the first element tlesc = piqu = -

  presents, at each end, back and front, pulleys of deflection, around each desuilles is te-ndu a calbe and by -the fact that the two cbi Ls scn-t each tixes, w ', a aI 'zx-trremite à vand barse à la autre à l'ex: tremz = arrmère du deuxième elementt ees: zoique The same arrangement & cable-pulleys of return can advantageously -be = alementement used for the second, l third and the

fourth telescopic element.

  An example of execution of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described below in more detail. The drawing comprises the following figures: FIG. 1 is a view of a telescopic arm with four

  automotive crane stages, in the folded position.

  Figure 2 is a view of an extended arm

, of telescopic element.

  FIG. 3 is a view of the arm extended from a length of

two telescopic elements.

  Figure 4 is, similarly, a view of the arm extended from a length of two telescopic elements cmportant another

  arrangement of the various teiescopic elements.

  Figure 'is a view of the arm fully extended, in

simplified representation.

  Figure 6 is a view of the first telescopic element. ; Figure / is a view of the second teiescopic element. Figure 8 is a sectional view of the arm according to the

lisne VI Ii-VIII of figure 3.

  Figure 9 is a sectional view of the arm according to the

line IX-IX from 1 to Figure 5.

  The arm '10 represented on the drawing presents a basic body l also designed as this base having in its form a form of = sissn, = uire 12 to 11 for Vil cruilissr de f ao telescc- piue -? Ïrtir -D the latter, and having, similarly, a box shape whose section gradually decreases The base body 11 is mounted, at the point referenced by 16, for example on the upper chassis of an automobile crane and is fixed so to be able to modify its angular position, by means of a hydraulic cylinder, as shown, for example, in patent application DE-AI 31 46

t (f igure 9,).

  On the two walls, or lateral uprights of the base body 11 l forming a box, is placed a locking device 17 each having an axis which can move in the direction of the longitudinal median plane 18 of the

arm 10.

  Each of the telescopic elements 12 to 15 are guided 1 I by means of sliding pieces located in the telescopic element rising 12 to 14 or in the basic body 1 i being understood that each time a set 20 to 23 of plates or of sliding bearings is provided at the top, at the rear part of 'and Elemnt scopique guide 12' to 15 and that another 2.0 set 24 to 27 of plates or sliding bearings -t expected -n bottom, at the part before next element

  telescopic larger 12 to 14 or basic body 11.

  Arm 10 has two pairs of traction cable devices each comprising two return pulleys and two cables. The first pair of traction cable devices provides the connection between the body of ka = I and the first and second telescopic element. , respetzvement 12

  and 12 The pulleys of rsenvc '' of cete, -ire -t * -

  mzcntees on the first element esccpique 1 = s sne-also by internal element inside, the pulley 2 being then at its rear end and the pulley 29 being at its end before The pulley 28 returns the cable, which is designated by output cable, 30 and the pulley 29

  S returns the cable, which is designated by return cable, 21.

  The two cables 30, '1 are each fixed, on one side, to the rear end of the second telescopic element 1 I, also designed as an external intermediate element, and, on the other side, at 33, to the end front, open body

basic 11.

  The second pair of traction cable device interconnects the second, third and fourth telescopic elements 13, 14 and 15 The pulleys 34, of this pair are mounted back and forth on the triseme el Fé = ment telescopic-Dique 14, which is also * signified by external element The pulley -4 returns ie cab, l, which one desigrne by reentry cable, 36, and pulley 25 returns the cable, that the we designate by output cable, 4 'The two cables 36, 37 each feels fixed,' an e, respectively in - '2' 3 a and in 38 b, on the front end of the second teiscopic element 13, and, on the other side, at 39, at the rear end of the fourth telescopic element 5, also

  designated by head element and carrying the pulley head 40.

  A differentiated hydraulic cylinder L has two ea-es_ a 2 with a double effect, 41 serves as a drive unit for the output and return of the telescopic elements 12 1 = Le, - = iri ditfé-rentie L 41 is made up of a large external _arter to a Diston which is not represented E trru -_ = nt to 'be inside a large piston ti_e 42 reused urn ie from a finer Diston 44, which is connected to a piston {no

  represents) located inside the piston rod 4-

  hollow The casing 42 and the piston connected to the hollow piston rod 43 together constitute what is designated by the large stage of the differential cylinder What is designated by the smaller stage is constituted by the piston rod 43 , r-alis = e internally in the form of a hollow cylinder, the weaker piston rod 44 of the piston being, connected with it, in the hollow cylinder of the hollow piston rod 43 The differential cylinder 41 is fitted a separate command for each of said floors, so that the two:

  can be operated independently of each other.

  The arrival and departure of the pressurized oil is done, in this case, by a flexible energy chain 45 to Lant to the L small piston rod 44 If the load factor 1 is assigned to the small Eta, the - rand 5 tg is then affected by the act ur = e load = The differential cylinder 41 = st d-onc capable

  to accept a double charge with the large floor.

  The casing -ext-ri-ur 4 'is linked with the rear end

  trc-isiéLme c L = ém = nt tel scopiaue 14 The ex-tremite _trieur-

  of the large hollow piston rod 4-1 is re-connected in a fixed manner to the rear end of the second telescopic element 13 and the outer hopper * of the fine internal piston rod 44 and connected so as to back end of the first

2 -l-memnt -teiescopiue 12.

  e first telescopic element m 2 present

  = s = entle lemen t on its walls or montnts the teru u: 1 'before.

  au-L 'larrie re, = + in the middle etîa 7 uarrire = es e id-mnt Du des op erctions 4, 4' and ie -eux-ie me eleme teiescopiue 1 present at 1 l before and Le'rrir is obviously 50 co ev dements are provided to receive the axes 19 of the

lock 17.

  The operation of the arm will be described below.

  _ 5 In the retracted position, in which 1 arm 10 has the longest length and small axes 19 of the locking device 17 are resected respectively in the recesses 46 and 49 of the telescopic elements 12 'and 13 see fi = ures 1 11 Oven to bring out the first and ie the second telescopic element 12 ′, 13, we delete this v = rrull and the small stage of the differential gain cylinder is active, that is to say we make the small i de miston 44 tan-is that 11 Piston rod screen 43 remains I inside the rand casing As a result, the teescopues elements 12, 13 l are brought out of each other As a result of the iais Cn realized by 1 intermediary of the output cable 31, there is a relative displacement

  between the basic body 1 and the first element t-l S i -

  12 By rapp Dort to the basic body l fixed_, this means that, for a race h, from the small t-, we -alt exit, da aleur this race nhi, the first tlsciaue 12 tde the value of the race 2 hij, the second telescopic element 1-, of the basic body I {The movement mert rell-a-ti of telesco elements Diues 12 and 16 is el aia co ur Lse hr -: The total race hjge 5 of the ptit ta_ torres Done chaue os la race de sorie ps Site LT of a zelescoicue element 12, 13, leaving the element teles: cique si En {11,12 L In the case of a motor: this head _ _ 2se L ta E13 N 1 = C Sle $ e first element - == - '1 halfway out and the same element teiescrtique 1 i - and srticC-mple compared to the body of' L 1 Le

  arm, in this position, at the length LA z 2 L {figure 23.

  In this position, the recesses 4 of the telescopic element 12, and 50 of the telescopic element 13, are located opposite the axis 19, and the locking device 7 is ac-ti-ve so that the telescopic elements 12 and 13 are locked relative to the base body 11, in the position shown in FIG. 2 The resistance to bending and, with it, the load capacity of the arm, is determined by the parties of the arm comprising the largest sections and is of a size which corresponds to them The zapacity = load of the arm in its axial direction is determined by the locking by the axes, carried out solidly (axis -Q and evid ents J 47 L t 1 e el so that e small etaae of the differential cylinder 1 nla purely and simply need to be dimensioned to bring out the telescopic elements if necessary, under partial load -, but not to cope with: f or-e ax- iales in

  i O e case of the maximum load allowed.

  To bring the length LA of the arm 10 to a length 2 Li, the large stem is brought out of the differential actuator 41 Until a co-urse h 2 =, - 5 h 2 es = O LT Ceia has the direct effect to undo s Cr D r me _ lemeent telescopic 14 L i a half-length arm YS ee i -Vment T-eli u-, s __ igndirectment, Via Intermediir du ca e L e st-ie 57, ie f ar sl or ir I 1 e eent telesco piue 15 -ei el ent telescopique 14 la i nueur "_ _ 'llani S r telesccpique 12 remaining f xed Without this case,:, n fai alr s: -tir tctai-ement 1' element t = lesccpique 15 of total length_ LT

of the arm.

  In the case of the arm release position, represented in FIG. 3, with an arm length LA LT, this resistance to bending, and with eile the capacity for lifting the arm, is again determined by the largest possible sections of the arms parts This extended position thus allows, for the given length of the arm,

  maximum values for load capacity.

  19 t The continuation of the exit of the arm 1 U until its total length, L Aies * 5 LT is done in stages, each time bringing out the large stage and the small stage of -a total nurse, respectively hú 3 es and h 1 eó By bringing out the large Floor, we bring out each tois the telescopic elements t 4 and 1 J, compared to '' telesco Dique element and I C compared to '' = larger neighbor 13 or 14, respectively of a half-length of telescoping Seen in the absolute one leaves the element el Lesco Gique 15, of a total length LT of telesopage To activate the Detit e-age of the cylinder differsnisl 41, to _ reach the total length of the arm L Aeó 5 we lock the locking devices 17 and the pistons 19 are removed respectively from the recesses 50, 47 of the telescopic elements S 1 and 12- Lo rs of the socrtie die the small t of Piston 44 of the half until total travel 13 17; teiescopic elements 12 13 exit 1 es respectively with respect to c basic orps and by report to 'e 1 telescopic menit 1 _ In 1 abscu, _' is to say by relation aLU p * -L op 'ass r = _a + 1ïiart: e ar

  tele s-ou Fef 13 comes out _e ia total linea L eies ae.

  The length of the arm corresponds to three channels of the telesco Gpage, which can also be achieved by means of the eta re-entering by bringing out, until the full race, the large

  eta = du verin iifferential41 av rru lae erciench-

  S of teivscopic laements 12 and 1 with the body cie ba l I. We were thus leaving the element te-l-esci ue 14 with a length of t-lesco Dpag L and 'iement telescopl than 1 _ of 2 LT compared to the basic body It see fiu E 4 h The t ra S then present, at its bound extremity, compared to the 1 Dositiofn so-rtie reporasenteée on the fiure _, due to the ç-rrulil a = 5 des telescopic lements, a weak poits -t ii

  _-ntributes indirectly to increase stability.

Claims (4)

  1 Hydromechanical telescoping system, comprising a basic body and four telescopic elements which can be pulled out telescopically, with two-stage hydraulic cylinder device and two output cables and two re-entry cables, each passing around a pulley of deflection and which are fixed at their ends on one of the parts constituting the arm (basic body or telescopic elements), it being understood that, each time, two deflection pulleys are arranged on two of the four outgoing telescopic elements, characterized in that that the set of two-stage hydraulic cylinders is produced with a weaker stage and a stronger stage, respectively (43/44) and (42/43), in that the weaker stage (43/44) is connected with the first and second telescopic element (12, 13) and that the stronger stage (42/43) is connected with the second and third telescopic element (13, 14), in that each e time, by an output cable and a reentry cable, a) the base body (11) and the first and the second telescopic element (12, 13) are kinematically connected so that the first and the second telescopic element (12, 13) can exit synchronously from the base body (11), and that b) the telescopic elements, from the second to the fourth, (13 to 15) are kinematically connected so that the third and fourth telescopic element (14, 15) can exit synchronously from the second telescopic element (13), and in that the base body (11) has a locking device (17, 19) with which the first and the second telescopic element (12, 13) can be locked by relative to the base body (11).   2 telescoping system according to claim 1, characterized in that the set of two-stage hydraulic cylinders is produced in the form of differential cylinders (41) comprising two telescopic piston rods (43, 44), it being understood that the rod weaker piston (44) is connected to the rear end of the first outgoing telescopic element (12), that the stronger piston rod (43) is connected to the rear end of the second outgoing telescopic element (13) and that the end of the housing (42), located on the side of the piston rod, is connected with the rear end of the third telescopic element (14).   3 telescoping system according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the first telescopic element (12) has at each of its ends, rear and front, a deflection pulley (28, 29), around each of which is tensioned a cable (30, 31) and in that each of the two cables (30, 31) is fixed to the front end of the base body (11) and to the rear end of the   second telescopic element (13).   4 Telescoping system according to any one of   claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the third   telescopic element (14) has, at each of its ends, rear and front, deflection pulleys (34,), around each of which is stretched a cable (36, 37) and in that each of the two cables (36, 37 ) is attached to the front end of the second telescopic element (13) and to the rear end of the third telescopic element (14).   Telescoping system according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   first telescopic element (12) can be locked with the base body (11) at least in the retracted position, in the half-extended position and in the fully extended position, and in that the second telescopic element (13) can be locked at least in the retracted position, and relative to the first telescopic element (12) in the position half out.