FR2673296A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING AT LEAST ONE LUMINOUS RADIATION SOURCE - Google Patents

Abstract

The method includes a step of detecting the normal operation of the radiation source and outputting a normal operating signal and, in the event of a failure or abnormal operation, outputting a signal different from said normal operating signal. . The device for implementing the method comprises individual equipment (2) associated with a source (1) of radiation for emitting a normal operating signal from said source and a signal different from said signal in the event of abnormal operation or failure, protected by at least one protection device (8) associated with a source of radiation (1). The individual items of equipment (2) are connected by a supply line (3) to a central item of equipment (4) located in a supply cabinet (5). The central equipment (4) dialogues with a central intervention station (6) by telecommunication means (7). Application to the monitoring of public lighting networks.

Description

The subject of the invention is a method for monitoring at least one source

  of light radiation and a device for the implementation

said method.

  The invention relates more particularly to the monitoring of a plurality of public lighting sources. The surveillance of a public lighting network can be carried out by personnel when the network is powered by observing the operation of the sources.

significant staff costs.

  Several solutions have been proposed to overcome these disadvantages.

  According to the French patent FR-A-2 592 718, a monitoring method according to which the radiation emitted by a source under voltage is detected, and a single-frequency failure signal is emitted, for example at a musical frequency A each source is associated equipment

  individual emitting the aforementioned single frequency signal.

  As this single-frequency signal is only emitted in case of failure, it is not possible in the event of absence of signal, to determine what is the nature of the failure: equipment failure

  individual or radiation source.

  According to the French patent application 88 08017, a method and a monitoring system which use a low voltage at the industrial frequency for monitoring light sources are known. This system is only usable when the source is de-energized, preferably shortly afterwards. extinction This system does not allow dating and

  memorize events or identify the nature of the failure.

  The object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by creating an improved method and an improved device for monitoring light sources. The method according to the invention for monitoring at least one source of light radiation connected to a power supply network is characterized in that it comprises at least one step consisting, using an individual equipment associated with the radiation source, detecting the normal operation of the radiation source and emitting a normal operating signal, and, in the event of a malfunction or abnormal operation, emitting a signal different from the normal operating signal , said different signal may consist of a

no signal.

  Thus, during the normal operation of the radiation source, a signal is regularly transmitted. If this signal is a normal operating signal, no event is recorded. If this signal is a signal different from the normal operating signal, it is identified. and -2- memorizes the failure This allows to establish the list of

  failures and prepare plans for interventions.

  The signals relating to a given radiation source are advantageously transmitted on a supply line of said radiation source and received, at a point of said line remote from said source,

by central equipment.

  Thus, only one central equipment is used to date and memorize failures relating to various sources of radiation with which it communicates. Thus, a substantial saving is achieved by affecting the means for dating and memorizing a single piece of equipment.

  central to several sources of radiation.

  Preferably, a signal corresponding to a given radiation source is emitted regularly by the associated individual equipment during a period of time.

  predetermined time interval.

  Thus, since the signals are transmitted on the supply lines of the radiation sources and each signal is emitted in turn for a predetermined period of time, all the signals are transmitted on the supply lines of the sources without using any signal. line

additional transmission.

  Also preferably, when it is desired to monitor an ordered plurality of sources, the normal operation or failure signal is issued after the expiration of a predetermined time interval and then a time interval depending on a number of times. order of the source of

  radiation within said plurality of sources.

  A source of radiation given by its position within a temporal sequence is thus identified and the state of said

source by the associated signal.

  In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the signal different from the normal operating signal indicates the nature of the

  failure of the radiation source.

  Thus, depending on the nature of the failure, the necessary means of repair are involved, avoiding when this is not

  necessary, the expensive displacement of a car-scale.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the signals

  emitted by individual equipment are musical frequency signals.

  These signals relating to a given radiation source are, in the event of failure or abnormal operation, identified, memorized and transmitted to a central intervention station, preferably by telephone line Thus, it suffices for a central intervention station for monitoring, maintenance and repair of a large public lighting installation, depending for example on an urban community. The invention also relates to a device for implementing the

aforementioned method.

  A device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises an individual equipment associated with a radiation source, for transmitting a normal operating signal of said source and a signal different from said normal operating signal, in case of operation.

  abnormal or failure of said source.

  This device comprises a central equipment connected to at least

  individual equipment by a supply line of said source.

  In the case of monitoring an ordered plurality of sources, the device comprises polling means for interrogating individual devices and having them transmit in an orderly cycle to the central equipment to which they are connected. a predetermined time interval and the time interval is determined so as not to superimpose the emissions of two separate individual equipment.

  scanning include at least one microprocessor.

  Preferably also, the individual equipment is able to emit a different signal depending on the nature of the abnormal operation or

  the failure of the source of light radiation.

  A device according to the invention advantageously comprises means for dating, memorizing and transmission by telecommunication means by telephone line or the like, to a central intervention station. An individual device of a device according to the invention is advantageously protected by at least one protection device associated with a radiation source which simultaneously protects said equipment

  individual and said radiation source.

  A particular embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIGS. 1A and 1B respectively represent a diagram

  synoptic of a method according to the invention and an associated timing diagram.

  FIG. 2 represents a simplified diagram of a device for

  the implementation of a method according to the invention.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B respectively represent a time diagram of the signals emitted by an individual piece of equipment according to the invention, and

  a diagram of realization of an individual equipment.

  FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C respectively represent the voltage and current curves Io O II, I 2 y I 3 and the associated signals 520 '521 522' 523; an embodiment of an analyzer to indicate the nature of the failures of the sources; and an associated timing diagram. FIG. 5 represents an embodiment diagram of an equipment

  central part of a device according to the invention.

  With reference to FIG. 1, a method for monitoring an ordered plurality of light radiation sources comprises the following steps: waiting for a predetermined time interval T after energizing, this time being chosen so that all normally functioning radiation sources are on; sending an interrogation signal 51 to the plurality of individual equipment associated with the plurality of radiation sources; wait a time T from the appearance of S emit at the expiration of time Tn a signal 52 characterizing the state of the source; after interrogating all the individual devices of the plurality, wait for the expiration of a predetermined time interval Tp

  and repeat a new sequence of queries.

  The signals 52 transmitted by an individual device may be a normal operating signal 520 or a signal different from said signal 520 such as 521 522 523. The different signal 523 is for example a signal absence.

2

(null signal).

  Preferably, the signals 52 relating to a given radiation source are transmitted on a supply line of said

source of radiation.

  In the timing diagram of FIG. 1B, in the case of five sources associated with five individual equipments EI, each individual equipment transmits a signal 52 corresponding to a given radiation source during a predetermined time interval D Tn. end of a predetermined time interval, TO just after setting

  under network voltage or Tp between two consecutive scan cycles.

  The signal 52 of normal operation or of failure is issued after a time T after the appearance of the signal Si, according to the number

  of order N of the radiation source within the plurality of sources.

  To allow independent and non-simultaneous transmissions, the transmission duration DT of a device E must be such that the transmission of - EI is completed before the equipment transmitting directly after EI has begun to transmit. time intervals

  Predetermined DT all equal to each other and to the same transmission duration DT.

  The frequency of the power supply network is advantageously used to define the time intervals, T, DT. The signals S and 52 are advantageously single-frequency signals of musical frequencies.

  respective different F 1 and F 2.

  With reference to FIG. 2, the signals 52 relating to given sources of radiation SR are emitted by individual equipments E1 on the supply line 3 of said radiation source 1. These signals 52 are transmitted on said line of radiation. 3 and received at a point of said line remote from said source by a central equipment 4 EC Central equipment 4 EC is preferably located in the power supply cabinet 5 a plurality of sources In case of failure or abnormal operation of a source 1, the signals 52 are identified and stored at the central equipment 4 EC to be transmitted to a central station 6 PCI intervention by

  telecommunication means 7, for example, by telephone line.

  This transmission to the central station 6 intervention is systematically, for example once a day, but also on request

  transmitted from the central station 6 intervention.

  Each source 1 of radiation SR is generally protected by an individual protection device 8, in accordance with the rules of the art governing the public lighting installations. This device 8 for personal protection comprises, for example, fuses. Advantageously, the device 8 can This arrangement makes it possible to simultaneously protect a radiation source 1 and associated individual equipment 2. With reference to FIG. 3A, a transmission time slot DT common to a plurality of individual equipments equal to the period of the power supply voltage E represented by the curve 9 is chosen. In correspondence with the curve 9, in the case of a radiation source constituted by a discharge lamp, four different types of signals 52 are seen. The signal 520 (curve 1 O) corresponds to the normal operation of a source under voltage. The signal 521 (curve 11 The signal 522 (curve 12) corresponds to a fault of the capacitor associated with the lamp. The signal 523 (curve 13) corresponds to cases that are distinct from the preceding cases, for example: individual disabled, an individual protection triggered, a lack of voltage, etc. As mentioned above, the individual equipment determines the nature of the fault and therefore selects the type of signal 52 to send eg one of the signals 520, 521 522 '523 mentioned above. The signal 521 indicates the normal operation of both the

  radiation source and individual equipment.

  The method according to the invention making emit the individual equipment when everything is normal, thus makes it possible to test the operation of the individual equipment while ensuring the protection of said individual equipment by the protection devices of the devices.

sources already installed.

  With reference to FIG. 3B, an individual device 2 associated with a radiation source 1 SR is connected between said source 1 and the personal protection device 8 This individual equipment 2 comprises a receiver 14 of an interrogation signal 51 issued by a

  central equipment EC not shown.

  On receipt of the signal Si, the receiver 14 transmits a logic signal towards the counter 15 On receiving the logic signal, the counter 15 counts the time T allocated to the individual equipment. This time T is for example equal to twice the period of feeding

  electric by the serial number of the individual equipment.

  During this counting, the analyzer 16 compares the voltage U supplying the light source 1 with the current I flowing therethrough to deduce the value of the phase angle. This phase angle varies typically according to the different types of failure. according to this comparison, the analyzer 16 therefore chooses the type of signal 52 to

  transmit among the signals 520 '521' 522 '523 mentioned above.

  The counter 15 and the analyzer 16 emit two logic signals entering a logic gate 17 When the time T has elapsed, the signal 52 to be transmitted is identified and the logic gate 17 controls the means

  transmission 18 to emit the selected signal 52 on the power line.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, in the event of failure of the radiation source, the signal 52 distinct from 520 indicates the nature of the failure and therefore characterizes the state of the radiation source 1 of the individual equipment. 18 provides the tensions

  necessary for electronic circuits.

  In the case where the signals 51 and 52 are single-frequency signals of respective frequencies F 1 and F 2, capacitors 20 A and 20 B are connected in series with the receiver 14 and the transmitter 18 7- respectively A filter 21 blocks the emission of the frequencies F and F 2 to the radiation source, and, in the case of a discharge lamp, to

  the capacitor rectifying the power factor.

  With reference to FIG. 4A, the curves of current Ioe 11, I 2 YI 3 in dashed lines and the signals 520 '521' are shown in relation to the same power supply voltage curve U. 522 '523 in bold lines for various cases of

  operation of the radiation source.

  The curve Io corresponds to the case of the normal operation of the radiation source; the signal 520 (curve 10) is emitted by the emitter 18. The curve I corresponds to the case of a lamp breakdown at

  discharge; the signal 521 (curve 11) is emitted by the transmitter 18.

  Curve I 2 corresponds to the case of an out-of-use capacitor;

  the signal 522 (curve 12) is emitted by the transmitter 18.

  The curve I 3 corresponds to the case of a lack of current; the

  signal 523 (curve 13) transmitted by the transmitter 18.

  With reference to FIG. 4B, a diagram of an analyzer 16 according to the invention is described capable of producing a signal indicating the nature of the failure of a radiation source. This analyzer is able to indicate the nature of the failures and this The analysis is thus carried out at the location of the individual equipment and the associated lighting source, ie locally. The supply voltage U and the current I passing through the source 1 of radiation are transformed thanks to resistors 22, 23, 24 in voltage U image of U and image current of I Image current i is injected at the input of an electronic amplifier 25 The image voltage u is injected at the input of an electronic amplifier 26 These two amplifiers are saturated and produce at their output a square signal v and a square signal j shown in bold in FIG. 4C and associated with the curves of u and i represented in dashed lines on the same FIG. rising edges of the normalized signals j and v in the comparator 27 makes it possible to qualify the nature of the failure and to produce the appropriate signal 52, for example the signal 520 represented in FIG. 4C by the curve 10 which will be transmitted during the interval of The emitter 18 emitting the signal 52 is for example a single frequency oscillator and emits for each type of signal a characteristic periodic emission, for example of different durations or different amplitudes, or a combination of such variations. As a variant, a characteristic frequency of the type of defects to be signaled can be used, by choosing instead of an 8 -frequency F 2, four different frequencies F 20, F 21, F 22, F 23. The choice of F 23 is justified if emergency or test power supplies can be connected to individual equipment, for example

autonomous batteries.

  Referring to Figure 5 there is described a diagram of embodiment of a central equipment 4 according to the invention In this example, the central equipment corresponds to a three-phase distribution Three protection devices 28, for example filters protect the network 3 d Power supply of the musical frequency emissions Three capacitors 29 allow the connection on the network of the transmitter 30 of the signal Si, and the receiver 31 of the signal 52. A central equipment 4 also comprises a microprocessor 32 with several outputs A first output of the Microprocessor 32 controls the transmission by the transmitter 30 of the signal S An input of the microprocessor 32 receives from the receiver 31 of the signal 52 a logical information identifying precisely the type of failure of the source or indicating the proper operation of the source A clock 33 driver microprocessor scan cycle Preferably this clock is synchronized by reference to the p period of the supply voltage of the network With the clock 33 and the information stored in a memory 34, the microprocessor 32 counts the pulses which allows it to identify a source by counting the time T corresponding to the order number N of a given source The receipt of the logical information from the receiver 31 of the signal 52 allows it to know the state of the source The microprocessor 32 can store all the information corresponding to the state of a plurality of In the moment chosen, the central information station 6 is informed of the information relating to the situation of the sources 1 of the zone it is responsible for controlling. It is noted that, for a plurality of sources, not exceeding the capabilities of the microprocessor 32, the memories 34

and 35 are optional.

  The method and the device according to the invention thus make it possible to examine the state of a plurality of sources of light radiation by interrogating, according to a first ordered cycle of scanning individual equipment each associated with a source of radiation and to make emit these equipments. in a second ordered cycle to the central equipment to which they are connected Each individual equipment transmits for a predetermined time interval so as not to overlay the

  emissions of two separate individual equipment.

  Individual equipment is additionally protected by the individual protective devices of the sources of light radiation, 9 - without overloading. The individual equipment is continuously monitored, since its failure causes the emission of a signal 523

or the like.

  Switching on and off the individual devices is done by switching the power supply on or off from a power supply cabinet serving a plurality of sources: the monitoring under power is therefore permanent and automatic. As this monitoring is permanent, any event is signaled as soon as it appears. One can thus date and memorize all the events corresponding to a failure: this makes it possible to elaborate reliable and precise statistics to optimize the management of the lighting network. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, it is possible to add additional analysis means for finely analyzing the type of failure and involving the appropriate intervention means. In particular, it is possible to use different frequencies, each characterizing a type of failure. particular, or using a given frequency, modulate the failure signal to provide

Additional Information.

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Claims (11)

  1 method for monitoring at least one source (1) of light radiation connected to a power supply network, characterized in that it comprises at least one step consisting of individual equipment (2) associated with the radiation source (1) for detecting the normal operation of the radiation source (1) and for transmitting a normal operating signal (520), and, in the case of abnormal failure or operation, transmitting a different signal (521, 522, 523) from said normal operating signal (520), said different signal   which may consist of a lack of signal (523).   Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the signals (52) relating to the source (1) of radiation are transmitted on a line (3) for supplying said source (1) of radiation and received, in one point of said line (1) remote from said source, by a device central (4).   Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that an individual device (2) transmits a signal (52) corresponding to a source   (1) given radiation for a predetermined time interval (DT).   4 Process according to one of claims 1 to 3, for the   monitoring an ordered plurality of sources, characterized in that the normal operation or failure signal (52) is issued after the expiration of a predetermined time interval (T 0, T) and then an interval time (T), according to a serial number (n) of the   source (1) of radiation within said plurality of sources.   Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that said different signal (521, 522, 523)   indicates the nature of the failure of the source (1) of radiation.   Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that the signals (52) capable of being transmitted by a given individual piece of equipment (2) are musical frequency (s) signals.   Process according to one of Claims 2 to 6,   characterized in that the signals (52) relating to a given source (1) of radiation are, in case of failure or abnormal operation, identified, stored and transmitted to a central intervention station (6) of   preferably by telephone line (7).   8 Device for monitoring at least one source of light radiation, characterized in that it comprises an equipment (2) individually associated with a source (1) of radiation, for transmitting a normal operating signal (520) of said source and a different signal it - (521,522,523) of said normal operating signal in case of abnormal operation or failure of said source, said different signal may consist of a lack of signal, and in that an equipment (2) individual is protected by at least one protective device (8) associated with a radiation source (1) which simultaneously protects said individual equipment (2) and said source of radiation radiation (1).   9 Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a central equipment (4) connected to at least one equipment   (2) individual, by a line (3) for supplying said source (1).   Device according to claim 9 for monitoring an ordered plurality of sources, characterized in that it comprises polling means (30,31,32,33,34,35) for interrogating by means of a signal ( 51) individual equipment (2) and transmit them in a cycle (TN, DT) ordered to the central equipment (4) to which they are connected, each individual equipment (2) transmitting for a period of time (DT ) determined so as not to superimpose   emissions of two separate individual equipment (2).   Apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10,   characterized in that the individual equipment (2) is capable of transmitting a different signal (521, 522, 523) according to the nature of the operation   abnormal or failure of said source (1).   Device according to any one of claims 8 to 11,   characterized by the fact that it comprises means of dating (33), storage (34,35) and transmission (7) to a central station (6) intervention by telecommunication means, preferably by line telephone (7).