FR2671679A1 - HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCH WHOSE CONTROL IS EFFECTED BY AN OPTICAL COUPLER. - Google Patents

Abstract

a) High voltage switch, controlled by an optical coupler; b) high voltage switch characterized in that for each switching line (I-II) a current loop passes through an annular core (RK) which is associated with it, and in this current loop flows a pulsed current (ip) of predefined amplitude and predefined pulse frequency, which through another winding of a predetermined number of turns, equipped with a diode (D1) and an element (Z3) for limiting the voltage, resulting from the switching of the current in a capacitor (C1) connected to this winding, an independent operating voltage (UB) sufficiently high for the optical coupler (OK1) for potential separation, which voltage is used for the control speed of the corresponding switching line (I-II).

Description

"High voltage switch controlled by a coupler

  The invention relates to a high-voltage switch which is constituted by a switching line and for the balancing of the voltage on lines of

  cascaded butt-aligned switching, a

  balancing system is connected in parallel on each

  switching line, while the control of the

  switching is carried out via a

  optical coupler associated with it.

  In the high-voltage electronics, the switching lines previously consisted of high-voltage switches with electronic tubes, for example thyratrons or other types of tubes. For this purpose, expensive devices, such as heating , the grid feed were

  necessary, and would constantly require maintenance expenditure. They were also subject to high wear.20 Switching times, including long break times, had to be accepted.

  because of the geometry of the switch or the voltage to be controlled. Better switching times are achieved with semiconductor components. They can be controlled in a simple way and are, in practice, maintenance-free. However, they need to be

  mounted in cascades for the control of a high voltage

  and can be, therefore, controlled with a different voltage level exactly compatible This can be achieved, on the one hand by separation transformers as described in the document

  DE-PS 32 29 426 But we can not order

  alternatively voltage, in the case of

  DC control, it is necessary to use

  optical crying (see US 4,611,123).

  attempt an operating voltage which must be cascaded according to the potential difference of the lines

  switching voltage to control The operating voltage

  It can be regulated by means of separation transformers. In this case, however, these are capacitive and inductive couplings between

  the cascading floors that translate into

  turbulence, such as parasitic oscillations and which greatly complicate such a system and even

  makes it unusable in some cases.

  SIEMENS AG is committed to

  first way to avoid such problems and develops for this purpose exciters of transistors with

  This field is designated by BSA 21 and BSA 22.

  constituent elements are, however, too slow to

  In addition, they only have an insulation control voltage of 2800 volts, so that

  cascades of switching lines must remain

  mothballed to a few hundred volts.

  DE-OS 36 30 775 discloses a case

  cade MOSFET in which each MOSFET is controlled directly and simultaneously with the other MOSFETS of the cascade for a ferrite core pulse transmitter associated with it For times

  short and accurate switching, the transmitter

  impulses must necessarily include a transmission

  very broad bandwidth Switching states de-

  in the case of high-voltage MOSFETS are obtained with the circuit thus described only when the

  high voltage has a pulsed evolution or under

  me of AC voltage, but a DC voltage

  is only connected or disconnected via

MOSFETS excitation.

  DE-OS 37 31 412 discloses a communication

  high-voltage generator with also a cascading constitution of several switching

  Bipolar photo-transistors in cascades are simultaneously

  quickly brought from the blocking state into

  the conductive state by a photo-diode associated with each

  one of them, these photo diodes being connected in series.

  The light emission depends on the current of the photo-

  diodes and therefore also the degree of conductivity

  photo-transistors In the case of this

  tion, it is only important that the transistors

  simultaneously become drivers at a pre-

  defined In the range of ignition intervals that occur, the transition from the conducting state to the state

  blocking is of secondary importance.

  The object of the invention is to apply to a capacitive load and to separate from this load, by

  the intermediary of very high voltage switches

  the high-precision potentials of bipolar high-voltage devices whose values can be set or adjusted to a new value in one

very short time.

  This goal is achieved in accordance with the

  in that the high-voltage switches are

characterized in that

  for each switching line, a loop of

  rant passes through an annular core associated therewith, and in this current loop circulates a pulsed current of predefined amplitude and predefined pulse frequency, which, via another winding of a number of predefined turns

  completed, equipped with a diode and a limiting element

  tension, produced by switching

  current in a capacitor connected to this

  winding, an independent operating voltage

  sufficiently high voltage for the potential separation optical coupler, which voltage is used for the fast control of the corresponding switching line, for each switching line a second optical coupler is connected between the control pole of the

  switching line and the output pole of the li-

  switchgear, so that when switching from the switching line to the blocking state, the capacitance between the control pole of the

  switching and the output pole of the communication line

  mutation, can be quickly unloaded,

  in the case of a cascading construction of the

  voltage generator, from switching lines

  such an individual, all these lines of

  switching are likely to be ordered if-

  simultaneously in the same way without feedback and quickly. Other advantageous embodiments of the invention of a high-voltage switch according to the invention are characterized in that each switching line is capable of

  to be ordered with negligible energy expenditure.

  the state of blockage in the conductive state and

  payment. The switching line is protected from the control pole of the switching line to the output light of the switch line.

  through a limiting element.

  Each switching line, including the voltage limiting elements, is limited to one

defined voltage.

  Rapid changes in voltage can

  may be transmitted without modification to a

  impedence. Voltage potentials set with a

  high precision are thus likely to be

impedance.

  Benefits Obtained Through the Invention

  reside in that a high voltage switch constitutes

  cascade is controlled via optical couplers The operating voltage of the optical couplers is obtained via an external current pulse Thus, the high voltage can be switched reliably quickly

and without reaction.

  The invention will be explained hereinafter to help

  of the embodiment shown in the drawings.

  Figure 1 shows a high voltage switch with a switch line, Figure 2 shows a high switch

  voltage consisting of cascaded switching lines

  of, Figure 3 shows a multiplex system

  high voltage with a transit tube as load.

  The high voltage switch according to the figure

  1 consists, in principle, of three groups constituting

  tive. 1. the switching line I-II with its control capability G and with the resistors R1 and R2 connected in parallel on the switching line I-II, as well as with the limiting elements of

  the voltage Z1 and Z2 The resistors R1 and R2 serve

  wind for a defined adjustment of the potential difference between terminals I and II, 2 The production of the external operating voltage, via an annular core RK, 3. The control of the switching lines I- II at point G, via optical couplers OK 1 and OK 2, the optical couplers OK 1 and OK 2

  being actuated in an anti-valent manner.

  In the exemplary embodiment, the switching

  high-voltage transmitter is a field effect transistor

  T, which is controlled in the conductive state by application

  the operating voltage UB via the

  its door G The control is carried out, being separated from the high voltage electrical potential, by

  the excitation of the photodiode in the optical coupler

  OK 1 At the same time, the photodiode in the

  OK 2 is not excited She is, however,

  when the transition from the conductive state to the blocking state occurs and then causes

  a discharge of the CGS source holder capacity

  thus holds net switching states The element

  R Gs is used to protect the line

source.

  The operating voltage UB taken from the capacitor C1 is produced externally. For this purpose, a current loop is passed through the annular core in which a current pulse flows with a determined pulse rate. second winding around the annular core, a corresponding voltage

  the falling flanks of the current.

  the second winding, the sudden change in voltage occurring is used to obtain the

  operating voltage UB in capacitor C1.

  The external pulsed current loop passes through the annular core, being isolated from the high voltage potential. This is particularly important when, because the high UHS potential difference to be controlled, the high voltage switch must be constituted by

  a successive connection or a cascade of such

  simple high voltage generator Switching line

  simple I-It controls about 700 volts of difference

this potential.

  FIG. 2 shows a cascading of several switching lines I-II. In this case, the current loop which brings the pulse of

  external current passes the same number of times, ie

  say once in the example shown, through the

  Ring core RK forming part of the line of com-

  mutation, thanks to which, as described above, the corresponding operating voltage UB for the

  order of each floor, is prepared in the conden-

  The corresponding Cl variable results in an isola-

  corresponding high voltage potential, and a capacitive or inductive coupling of the stages,

  relation to others is avoided to a large extent.

  As shown further in Figure 2, the

  diodes in the optical couplers OK 1 / OK 2 are exci-

  at the same time, that is to say that

  the transistors are always in an identical state.

  The discharge of the corresponding CGS source-carrier capacitance during the transition from the conductive state to the blocking state is carried out by excitation of the photodiodes in the optical couplers OK 2. As already mentioned above, the element of FIG. limitation Rs

  serves to protect the source line.

  With a view to simplification,

  overvoltage testers Zl, Z 2 have been omitted from the

  lines in Figure 2.

  The constitution of a multi-purpose

  high voltage plexes according to the purpose of the invention,

is shown in Figure 3.

  For this purpose, several network devices

  Ni +, Ni are connected via switching

  I-II and II-I high-voltage

  I, namely the transit tube I In the exemplary embodiment, 16 network devices are

  total There are 16 high voltage switches I'-

  II 'and II'-I' dimensioned at 10 kV, which are

  killed by the semiconductor switching lines previously described I-II A null voltage switch N and three other switches NE ,, NE 2, NE 3

  serve as discharge assistants for

  The installation includes an interface

  this calculator with 16 digital converters-

  16 digits of binary digits and two converts

  16-digit analog-digital

  as well as information structures for the com-

  the high-voltage switch In the infrastruc-

  of the installation, furthermore,

  computer interfaces, operating circuits

and a service system.

  The high voltage switches operate very fast, so that the switching times of the

  The steps are determined solely by the

  pacific, and the maximum current of the apparatus of the

  bucket. With a standard calculator program, 8 rising steps or 8 descending steps, as well as 16 positive-negative meanders can be traversed

  per second If the computer program is extended

  gi, so that this calculator, taking into account

  times as they have been previously

  described, sets each device on the network to a new

  Once the value has been disconnected from the capacitive load, it is possible to obtain for ascending steps or for ascending meander steps about 40 steps per second.

Claims (6)

  1. A high-voltage switch consisting of at least one switching line and in which, for balancing the voltage on cascaded butt-connected switching lines, a balancing element is connected in parallel on each   switching line, while the control of the   switching is carried out via a   optical coupler associated with it, a high   the voltage characterized in that for each switching line (I-II) a current loop passes through an annular core (RK) associated therewith, and in this current loop circulates a pulsed current (ip) of predefined amplitude and pulse frequency, which via another winding of a predetermined number of turns, equipped with a diode (D1) and   an element (Z 3) for limiting the voltage, pro-   due to the switching of the current in a capacitor (Ci) connected to this winding, a   independent operating voltage (UB) suffi-   high for the optical coupler (OK 1) of   potential, which is used to   the fast control of the switching line cor-   corresponding (I-II), for each switching line (I-II) a second optical coupler (OK 2) is connected between the control pole (G) of the switching line and the output pole (S) of the switching line, so   that during the passage of the switching line (I-   II) in the blocking state, the capacity (GS) between the control pole (G) of the switching line and the output light (S) of the switching line can be discharged rapidly,   in the case of a cascading construction of the he   voltage generator, from switching lines   (I-II) of this type, all of these   switching lines are likely to be   simultaneously in the same way without retro- action and quickly.   2. High voltage switch according to the   1, characterized in that each switching line (I-II) is controllable with a negligible energy expenditure of the state of   blocking in the conductive state and vice versa.   3. High voltage switch according to the   2, characterized in that the line of communication   mutation is protected from the control pad (G) of the switch line to the output light of   the switching line via a of limitation RGS-   4. High voltage switch according to the   3, characterized in that each switching line (I-II) by the limiting elements of   voltage (Z 1, Z 2) is limited to a defined voltage.   5. High voltage switch according to the   claim 4, characterized in that modifications   The rapidity of the voltage can thus be transmitted   its unmodified to an impedance.   6 High voltage switch according to the   5, characterized in that voltage potentials adjusted with high accuracy are thus   likely to be applied to an impedance.