FR2660892A1 - Sand yacht (land yacht) chassis made from a profiled composite- fibre material - Google Patents

Sand yacht (land yacht) chassis made from a profiled composite- fibre material Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2660892A1
FR2660892A1 FR9005036A FR9005036A FR2660892A1 FR 2660892 A1 FR2660892 A1 FR 2660892A1 FR 9005036 A FR9005036 A FR 9005036A FR 9005036 A FR9005036 A FR 9005036A FR 2660892 A1 FR2660892 A1 FR 2660892A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
fibers
layers
chassis
yacht
chassis according
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9005036A
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French (fr)
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FR2660892B1 (en
Inventor
Zanca Daniel
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR9005036A priority Critical patent/FR2660892B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B15/00—Other sledges; Ice boats or sailing sledges
    • B62B15/001—Other sledges; Ice boats or sailing sledges propelled by sails
    • B62B15/004—Other sledges; Ice boats or sailing sledges propelled by sails having wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/083—Combinations of continuous fibres or fibrous profiled structures oriented in one direction and reinforcements forming a two dimensional structure, e.g. mats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B15/00—Other sledges; Ice boats or sailing sledges
    • B62B15/001—Other sledges; Ice boats or sailing sledges propelled by sails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sand yacht chassis consisting of at least one longitudinal member (1) and one axle (3), these being of one-piece construction (self-supporting). According to the invention, the chassis of the sand yacht is characterised in that it is made from a profiled composite-fibre material formed by a plurality of superimposed textile layers, at least one inner layer (6, 7) of which consists of unidirectional fibres, at least one intermediate layer (8, 9) of which consists of multiaxial fibres and at least one outer layer (10) of which also consists of unidirectional fibres. This profiled material makes it possible, inter alia, to reduce the weight of the chassis and to preserve, in it, a certain liveliness (nervosity) and an excellent rigidity.

Description

L'invention, qui se rapporte aux chars à voile, concerne plus particulièrement un nouveau châssis en matériau profilé à fibres composites. The invention, which relates to land yachts, relates more particularly to a new chassis made of profiled material with composite fibers.

Les châssis de char à voile sont, d'une manière générale, constitués d'une ou plusieurs pièces assemblées, de configuration bien précise qui, selon la nature du matériau utilisé, doivent permettre d'obtenir des caractéristiques pouvant apparaître contradictoires, par exemple la plus grande légèreté possible et une excellente rigidité, tout en présentant une nervosité suffisante, c 'est-à-dire la faculté de pouvoir absorber rapidement les déformations temporaires auxquelles ledit cadre est soumis sous l'action de contraintes qu'il subit. Sand yachting frames are generally made up of one or more assembled parts, of very precise configuration which, depending on the nature of the material used, should make it possible to obtain characteristics which may appear contradictory, for example the greatest possible lightness and excellent rigidity, while having sufficient nervousness, that is to say the ability to be able to quickly absorb the temporary deformations to which said frame is subjected under the action of stresses which it undergoes.

Pour surmonter ces inconvénients, on a déjà pensé à réaliser des châssis de char à voile à l'aide de tubes métalliques. De tels châssis sont en général très lourds et présentent l'inconvénient de mal résister aux agents extérieurs (particulièrement à lThumidité), et finissent par subir des déformations irréversibles. To overcome these drawbacks, we have already thought of making sand yachting frames using metal tubes. Such chassis are generally very heavy and have the disadvantage of poorly resisting external agents (particularly humidity), and end up undergoing irreversible deformations.

Pour éviter cela, on a fabriqué des châssis de char à voile en alliages et/ou métaux spéciaux. Mais ces matériaux sont très coûteux, et, par conséquent difficilement acceptables. To avoid this, sand yoke frames were made from alloys and / or special metals. But these materials are very expensive, and therefore difficult to accept.

Il existe aussi des châssis en fibres minérales ou en bois, particulièrement en frêne, également plus coûteux mais aussi plus fragiles et beaucoup plus archaïques. There are also frames made of mineral fibers or wood, particularly ash, also more expensive but also more fragile and much more archaic.

De toute façon, quelle que soit la nature du matériau utilisé, les châssis présentent tous un manque de souplesse, ils n ' absorbent pas ou mal les déformations temporaires auxquelles le cadre est soumis sous l'action des contraintes qu'il subit, et supportent mal les efforts de la fatigue. Anyway, whatever the nature of the material used, the frames all have a lack of flexibility, they do not absorb or badly the temporary deformations to which the frame is subjected under the action of the stresses which it undergoes, and support bad fatigue efforts.

La présente invention a pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients -et présente un châssis de char à voile, constitué d'au moins un longeron et un essieu autoporteurs assemblés entre eux et supportant un mât ainsi que les équipements, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en matériau profilé à fibres composites formé d'une pluralité de couches textiles superposées, imprégnées de résine servant de liant, dont au moins une couche interne est constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles destinées à renforcer la résistance à la flexion du profilé, dont au moins une couche intermédiaire est constituée de fibres multiaxiales, et dont au moins une couche externe est également constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles. The object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks - and has a sand yachting chassis, consisting of at least one self-supporting spar and axle assembled together and supporting a mast as well as the equipment, characterized in that it is made of composite fiber profiled material formed of a plurality of superimposed textile layers, impregnated with resin serving as a binder, at least one internal layer of which consists of unidirectional fibers intended to reinforce the flexural strength of the profile, at least an intermediate layer consists of multiaxial fibers, and at least one outer layer of which also consists of unidirectional fibers.

Avantageusement, les couches intermédiaires sont constituées de fibres quadriaxiales croisées à 450, ou de fibres biaxiales croisées de 30 à 450, par rapport aux fibres unidirectionnelles des couches internes et externes. Advantageously, the intermediate layers consist of quadriaxial fibers crossed at 450, or biaxial fibers crossed from 30 to 450, relative to the unidirectional fibers of the internal and external layers.

Ainsi, le châssis fabriqué à partir du matériau profilé ci-dessus décrit, présente de nombreux avantages qui sont
- une plus grande légèreté,
- une conservation d'une certaine nervosité,
- une résistance optimale à la torsion ainsi qu'au cisaillement et au flambage,
- une déformabilité et une souplesse qui n'altèrent pas les qualités initiales dudit profilé (très bon amortisseur des vibrations),
- une, excellente rigidité, et
- peu d'entretien.Thus, the chassis made from the profiled material described above has many advantages which are
- greater lightness,
- a certain nervousness,
- optimal resistance to torsion as well as to shearing and buckling,
- deformability and flexibility which do not alter the initial qualities of said profile (very good vibration damper),
- excellent rigidity, and
- low maintenance.

L'invention et ses avantages seront cependant mieux compris grâce à l'exemple de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre indicatif mais non limitatif qui est illustré par les schémas annexés dans lesquels
la figure 1 illustre un char à voile, représenté schématiquement, réalisé à partir d'un matériau conforme à l'invention, et
la figure 2 est une vue éclatée, en perspective, ouverte, montrant de manière schématique la constitution d'un tel matériau profilé.The invention and its advantages will however be better understood thanks to the embodiment of the invention given by way of indication but not limitation which is illustrated by the appended diagrams in which
FIG. 1 illustrates a sand yacht, shown diagrammatically, produced from a material according to the invention, and
Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view, open, schematically showing the constitution of such a profiled material.

Le char à voile du type illustré à la figure 1 comporte un longeron 1, un pied de mât 2, un essieu 3, des roues il montées en bout d'essieu 3 et une roue 12 à l'extrémité avant du longeron 1. Ces éléments sont reliés entre eux par différentes fixations. Le châssis est constitué de l'assemblage du longeron 1 et de l'essieu 3. The sand yacht of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a spar 1, a mast foot 2, an axle 3, wheels 11 mounted thereon at the end of the axle 3 and a wheel 12 at the front end of the spar 1. These elements are connected together by different fixings. The chassis consists of the assembly of the side member 1 and the axle 3.

Pour que sa réalisation soit complète, on utilise aussi, bien entendu, une fourche, une tringle de direction, un palonnier de direction, une voile et un siège non représentés sur les figures, qui constituent l'équipement du char à voile et sont des éléments connus en soi ne faisant pas partie de l'invention. For its completion to be complete, use is also, of course, of a fork, a steering rod, a steering rudder, a sail and a seat not shown in the figures, which constitute the equipment of the sand yachting and are elements known per se that are not part of the invention.

L'essieu 3 est réalisé à partir d'un profilé tel que schématisé à la figure 2. The axle 3 is produced from a profile as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.

Ce profilé, désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 4, est constitué d'une pluralité de couches superposées de fibres composites renforcées qui enrobent un noyau 5 avantageusement formé d'un pain de mousse. This profile, designated as a whole by the reference 4, consists of a plurality of superimposed layers of reinforced composite fibers which coat a core 5 advantageously formed of a foam bar.

Au-dessus du noyau 5 est enrobée une couche interne 6 constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles favorisant la résistance à la flexion du profilé, cette première couche étant renforcée par une seconde couche interne 7 également constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles évitant le délaminage. Puis, vient une première couche intermédiaire 8 constituée de fibres quadriaxiales, avantageusement réalisée en verre ou Kevlar (marque déposée) dont les fibres sont croisées à 450 par rapport aux fibres unidirectionnelles précédentes. En variante, cette couche quadriaxiale pourrait disposer aussi de fibres unidirectionnelles en plus faible proportion. Above the core 5 is coated an internal layer 6 consisting of unidirectional fibers promoting the resistance to bending of the profile, this first layer being reinforced by a second internal layer 7 also consisting of unidirectional fibers avoiding delamination. Then comes a first intermediate layer 8 consisting of quadriaxial fibers, advantageously made of glass or Kevlar (registered trademark), the fibers of which are crossed at 450 with respect to the preceding unidirectional fibers. As a variant, this quadriaxial layer could also have unidirectional fibers in a smaller proportion.

Au-dessus de la couche 8 est prévue une deuxième couche intermédiaire 9 constituée aussi de fibres quadriaxiales ou éventuellement triaxiales. Above the layer 8 is provided a second intermediate layer 9 also consisting of quadriaxial or possibly triaxial fibers.

Enfin, une couche externe 10, qui coiffe le tout, est constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles, en carbone ou éventuellement en aramide/carbone. Finally, an outer layer 10, which covers the whole, is made up of unidirectional fibers, made of carbon or possibly aramid / carbon.

Les fibres unidirectionnelles et multiaxiales sont imprégnées d'une résine servant de liaison. The unidirectional and multiaxial fibers are impregnated with a resin serving as a bond.

Cette structure du profilé est utilisée pour la réalisation de l'essieu 3 et du longeron 1, étant entendu que des variantes peuvent être introduites dans Irun ou l'autre, et que la totalité du châssis peut donc ne pas être formée de profilés rigoureusement identiques. This structure of the profile is used for the production of the axle 3 and of the spar 1, it being understood that variants may be introduced in Irun or the other, and that the entire chassis may therefore not be formed from strictly identical profiles .

On voit que d'une manière générale, le profilé présente plusieurs couches différentes, ou une pluralité de couches textiles superposées, dont les couches internes 6, 7 et externe 10 sont en fibres composites et peuvent emprisonner un matériau alvéolaire 5. It can be seen that, in general, the profile has several different layers, or a plurality of superimposed textile layers, the internal layers 6, 7 and external 10 of which are made of composite fibers and can trap a cellular material 5.

Eventuellement, la couche externe peut être recouverte d'un glaçage époxy, d'un "gel coat", etc... selon une variante de mise en oeuvre de l'invention. Optionally, the outer layer may be covered with an epoxy glaze, a "gel coat", etc., according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

On notera aussi que, selon une variante de l'invention, les couches internes et externes sont constituées d'une seule matière textile et formées par empilage de tissu de verre et/ou de carbone et/ou d'aramide en utilisant éventuellement un noyau central 5 et un liant qui solidarise les couches comprimées jusqu'à ce que l'ensemble du corps composite soit polymérisé. It will also be noted that, according to a variant of the invention, the internal and external layers are made of a single textile material and formed by stacking glass and / or carbon and / or aramid fabric, optionally using a core. central 5 and a binder which secures the compressed layers until the entire composite body is polymerized.

Avec une telle disposition, les fibres des couches externes travaillent en compression, tandis que celles des couches internes travaillent en traction, ce qui veut dire - par exemple dans le cas de l'essieu 3 - que lreffort en flexion exercé traditionnellement au centre de l'essieu 3 par le longeron 1 sera reporté loin du centre, à proximité des roues 11, d'où une meilleure rigidité centrale et une meilleure répartition de l'effort en compression du châssis. De la même façon l'effort en flexion du longeron 1 serait reporté systématiquement sur la roue avant 12. With such an arrangement, the fibers of the outer layers work in compression, while those of the inner layers work in traction, which means - for example in the case of axle 3 - that the bending stress traditionally exerted at the center of the axle 3 by the side member 1 will be carried away from the center, near the wheels 11, where better central rigidity and a better distribution of the chassis compression force. In the same way, the bending force of the beam 1 would be systematically transferred to the front wheel 12.

L'invention n'est pas pour autant limitée à l'exemple de réalisation ci-dessus décrit, mais couvre toutes les variantes réalisées dans le même sens. The invention is not however limited to the embodiment described above, but covers all the variants made in the same direction.

Ainsi, il pourrait être envisagé de modifier le nombre de couches internes et de couches intermédiaires, notamment par le remplacement d'un essieu de classe 3 actuellement réalisé en frêne.  Thus, it could be envisaged to modify the number of internal layers and intermediate layers, in particular by replacing a class 3 axle currently made of ash.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS 1.- Châssis de char à voile, constitué d'au moins un longeron et un essieu autoporteurs assemblés entre eux et supportant un mât ainsi que les équipements, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en matériau profilé à fibres composites formé d'une pluralité de couches superposées, imprégnées de résine servant de liant, dont au moins une couche interne (6, 7) est constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles destinées à renforcer la résistance à la flexion du profilé, dont au moins une couche intermédiaire (8, 9) est constituée de fibres multiaxiales, et dont au moins une couche externe (10) est également constituée de fibres unidirectionnelles. 1.- Chassis of sailing yacht, consisting of at least one spar and a self-supporting axle assembled together and supporting a mast as well as the equipment, characterized in that it is made of profiled material with composite fibers formed of a plurality of superimposed layers, impregnated with resin serving as binder, at least one internal layer (6, 7) of which consists of unidirectional fibers intended to reinforce the flexural strength of the profile, including at least one intermediate layer (8, 9) consists of multiaxial fibers, and of which at least one outer layer (10) also consists of unidirectional fibers. 2.- Châssis selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les couches textiles superposées enrobent un noyau (5) en matériau alvéolaire. 2. Chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that the superimposed textile layers coat a core (5) of cellular material. 3.- Châssis selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les couches intermédiaires (8, 9) sont constituées de fibres quadriaxiales croisées à 450 par rapport aux fibres unidirectionnelles des couches internes (6, 7) et externe (10). 3. Chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate layers (8, 9) consist of quadriaxial fibers crossed at 450 relative to the unidirectional fibers of the internal layers (6, 7) and external (10). 4.- Châssis selon les revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que les couches intermédiaires (8, 9) sont constituées de fibres biaxiales croisées de 30 à 450 par rapport aux fibres unidirectionnelles des couches internes (6, 7) et externe (10). 4. Chassis according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the intermediate layers (8, 9) consist of biaxial fibers crossed from 30 to 450 relative to the unidirectional fibers of the internal (6, 7) and external (10 ). 5.- Châssis selon les revendicaitons 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que les couches (8, 9) de fibres quadriaxiales disposent de fibres unidirectionnelles en plus faible proportion. 5.- Chassis according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the layers (8, 9) of quadriaxial fibers have unidirectional fibers in smaller proportion. 6.- Châssis selon les revendications 1, 3 et 4 caractérisé en ce que les fibres multiaxiales sont des fibres de verre et/ou d'aramide. 6. Chassis according to claims 1, 3 and 4 characterized in that the multiaxial fibers are glass fibers and / or aramid. 7.- Châssis selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche externe (10) est constituée de fibres de carbone et/ou d'aramide/carbone.  7. Chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer (10) consists of carbon fibers and / or aramid / carbon.
FR9005036A 1990-04-13 1990-04-13 VEHICLE CHASSIS MADE OF A PROFILE COMPOSITE FIBER MATERIAL. Expired - Lifetime FR2660892B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9005036A FR2660892B1 (en) 1990-04-13 1990-04-13 VEHICLE CHASSIS MADE OF A PROFILE COMPOSITE FIBER MATERIAL.

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FR9005036A FR2660892B1 (en) 1990-04-13 1990-04-13 VEHICLE CHASSIS MADE OF A PROFILE COMPOSITE FIBER MATERIAL.

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1002455C2 (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-08-28 Akzo Nobel Nv Manufacture of fibre-reinforced plastic laminates
WO2006121505A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-11-16 The Boeing Company Multi-axial laminate composite structures and methods of forming the same
WO2007106070A2 (en) * 2006-02-27 2007-09-20 Cordy Clifford B Jr Lighter, stronger landing gear legs for small airplanes
FR2911570A1 (en) * 2007-01-18 2008-07-25 Philippe Savidan Vehicle for being towed by kite, has cross-bar provided with footstrap, where action of cross-bar varies steering of front steering wheels in time next steering of rear steering wheels
US7467763B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2008-12-23 Kismarton Max U Composite landing gear apparatus and methods
US7721495B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2010-05-25 The Boeing Company Composite structural members and methods for forming the same
US7740932B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2010-06-22 The Boeing Company Hybrid fiberglass composite structures and methods of forming the same
US7748119B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2010-07-06 The Boeing Company Method for manufacturing composite components
US8444087B2 (en) 2005-04-28 2013-05-21 The Boeing Company Composite skin and stringer structure and method for forming the same
US9878773B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2018-01-30 The Boeing Company Split resistant composite laminate

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2403920A1 (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-04-20 Int Promotion Public R Skateboard fitted with optical sail - pref. having board faces of glass fibre reinforced epoxy! resin
DE8110926U1 (en) * 1982-05-27 Rathmann, Horst, 2800 Bremen Snow-standing sled glider
EP0122024A2 (en) * 1983-03-10 1984-10-17 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Fibre reinforced composites
DE3412513A1 (en) * 1984-04-04 1985-10-17 Klaus 8500 Nürnberg Westphal Supporting body
FR2571679A1 (en) * 1984-06-07 1986-04-18 Cohen Hadria Yves Sand yacht of simplified design

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8110926U1 (en) * 1982-05-27 Rathmann, Horst, 2800 Bremen Snow-standing sled glider
FR2403920A1 (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-04-20 Int Promotion Public R Skateboard fitted with optical sail - pref. having board faces of glass fibre reinforced epoxy! resin
EP0122024A2 (en) * 1983-03-10 1984-10-17 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Fibre reinforced composites
DE3412513A1 (en) * 1984-04-04 1985-10-17 Klaus 8500 Nürnberg Westphal Supporting body
FR2571679A1 (en) * 1984-06-07 1986-04-18 Cohen Hadria Yves Sand yacht of simplified design

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1002455C2 (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-08-28 Akzo Nobel Nv Manufacture of fibre-reinforced plastic laminates
WO2006121505A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-11-16 The Boeing Company Multi-axial laminate composite structures and methods of forming the same
US7721495B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2010-05-25 The Boeing Company Composite structural members and methods for forming the same
US7740932B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2010-06-22 The Boeing Company Hybrid fiberglass composite structures and methods of forming the same
US8444087B2 (en) 2005-04-28 2013-05-21 The Boeing Company Composite skin and stringer structure and method for forming the same
US7467763B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2008-12-23 Kismarton Max U Composite landing gear apparatus and methods
US7748119B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2010-07-06 The Boeing Company Method for manufacturing composite components
WO2007106070A2 (en) * 2006-02-27 2007-09-20 Cordy Clifford B Jr Lighter, stronger landing gear legs for small airplanes
WO2007106070A3 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-04-16 Clifford B Cordy Jr Lighter, stronger landing gear legs for small airplanes
FR2911570A1 (en) * 2007-01-18 2008-07-25 Philippe Savidan Vehicle for being towed by kite, has cross-bar provided with footstrap, where action of cross-bar varies steering of front steering wheels in time next steering of rear steering wheels
US9878773B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2018-01-30 The Boeing Company Split resistant composite laminate

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