FR2658626A1 - Box (housing) containing a photographic film and its method of manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a photographic film box (box camera) fitted with a lens (objective). It relates to a film box which includes a lens (4) and a shutter (35) which can be actuated from the outside. According to the invention, a photographic film cartridge (loader) (20) of the normal type is placed in a chamber (12) and the film is unwound so that it forms a roll (23) in another chamber (11), without being exposed. During successive shots, the film is rewound progressively into the cartridge (20) so that, when all the images have been exposed, the film is already in place in the cartridge. Application to photographic cameras to be thrown away after a single film.

Description

 The present invention relates to a housing containing a photographic film and provided with a lens, as well as its manufacturing method, and more specifically relates to a photographic film housing in which a photographic film, a shooting lens and a film element. exposure, with associated organs, are incorporated in an envelope protected against light and form a whole, as well as the method of manufacturing such a case.

 A photographic film box comprising a lens, already put on the market on an industrial scale by the Applicant, can give all the chances of benefiting from a rapid taking of images even without having a camera.

The photographic film housing with a lens has a film envelope with a shooting lens, a simple exposure mechanism that includes a film winding mechanism and a shutter mechanism, with associated elements which are incorporated in the film envelope, and a photographic film placed in a cartridge of dimension 110, previously incorporated in the film envelope, the casing being able to be sold wherever a photographic film is sold. The photographic film associated with a lens, after exposure of all the images of the film, is transmitted to a photography store or to a photographic laboratory, without removal of the film. The exposed film is removed there by opening the case, it is developed so that proofs are formed, and the film case, separated from the film, is discarded. The proofs and the developed film are returned to the customer. The single-use lens film case makes it easy to take pictures because there is no need to load and unload the film.

 It is known that the size 110 film cartridge comprises a roll of size 110 film placed therein in a form protected from light. The film housing can be mounted by arrangement of the cartridge in an exposure chamber formed inside the envelope provided with the objective. Given the incorporation of the film in cartridge, not only the mounting of the housing but also the extraction of the cartridge from the housing can be carried out in daylight, without the film placed in the cartridge being veiled.

However, forming a large print with good image quality from the size 110 film is difficult. For reasons of image quality, it has been proposed to produce a film box provided with a lens containing a film in the form of a roll of dimension 135, that is to say having a dimension of 24 x 36 mm image. If a 135 mm roll film housed in a feeder defined by International
Organization for Standardization (ISO ocde 1007: 1979 edition) is incorporated into such a film housing fitted with a lens, existing film processing systems can be used in full with film housings provided with a lens.

 A serious problem posed by the use of such a film casing provided with a lens containing a film of dimension 135 in a magazine, is that an exposed film must be removed from the film casing in a dark room, since the film is extracted from the loader of an image at each exposure and, when all the images have been exposed, the film is completely removed from the loader.

As is well known, such manipulation of films in a dark room is very troublesome when a large number of films have to be processed simultaneously.

 When the film housing allows rewinding of the fully exposed film and completely removed from the magazine so that it re-enters the magazine, the film can be removed from the housing in daylight. However, returning the exposed film to the feeder requires the presence of a film rewinding mechanism which increases the manufacturing cost. In addition, a photographic laboratory must rewind the exposed film before it leaves the film container. Given the handling of the film, the case containing a film of size 135, although it can be handled in daylight, reduces the handling efficiency.

 The present invention therefore relates to the production of a film casing provided with a lens, making it possible to easily extract an exposed film, in daylight.

 It also relates to a method of mounting a film casing provided with a lens making it possible to extract an exposed film, in daylight.

More specifically, the photographic film housing provided with a lens according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises
a light-tight envelope, having an opening through which an exhibition is carried out,
a light-tight container, containing a film winding reel and arranged on one side of said opening in said envelope,
a coil which can be driven in rotation, disposed, with respect to the container, on the other side of said opening in said envelope, one end of this coil appearing outside of said envelope, and
a wound film, one end of which is attached to said take-up reel in the container and which is wound on said reel which can be rotated.

 According to a characteristic of the invention, the film of the film casing provided with a lens is wound on the reel placed in the sealed container, with an image after each exposure.

When the exposure of all film images has been completed, the film is completely housed in the light-tight container.

As a result, the film can be removed from the casing in daylight or in the open air. Usually, the container is removed by breaking the light-tight casing, in a photographic store or in a photographic laboratory.

 In a preferred embodiment of a photographic film housing provided with a lens according to the invention, a 35 mm film loader, already commercially available, is preferably used as a light-tight container for the film. Since the exposed film is fully housed in the feeder without any special rewinding or rewinding operation, the film of which all the images are exposed can be handled in the same way as the conventional feeder. Consequently, although the photographic film housing provided with a lens according to the invention implements a new principle and gives great convenience to customers, existing film handling and film processing equipment can be used without no changes or modifications.

The photographic film housing fitted with a lens according to the invention is mounted during steps comprising
the establishment of the light-tight container, in which most of the film is contained in a housing chamber formed on a first side of the exposure opening in a main body of the light-tight envelope lumen in such a way that the front part of the film removed from the container is fixed on a reel placed in a housing chamber of a film roll, formed on the other side of the exposure opening in the main body of the film. 'envelope,
mounting a cover section on the main body so that the photographic film housing is light-tight, and one end of said coil being accessible from the outside of said light-tight housing,
the temporary connection of a rotary drive device with the accessible end of said coil,
winding most of the length of said film on said reel in said housing for accommodating a film roll, rotating said reel with said rotary drive apparatus; and
the disconnection of said rotation device from said coil.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the description of exemplary embodiments, made with reference to the appended drawings in which
Figure 1 is a perspective of a photographic film housing provided with a lens according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a section of the photographic film housing provided with a lens of Figure 1
Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the film package of Figure 1
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a photographic film housing provided with a lens according to a second embodiment of the invention, in which a film roll and a light-tight container are supported by a rear cover of the photographic film housing with a lens
Figure 5 is a section, similar to Figure 3, of the film package of Figure 4
Figure 6 shows a film support member of the film housing of Figure 4
Figure 7 is a perspective of the film housing provided with a lens, in a third embodiment of the invention
Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of the film housing with a lens of Figure 7
FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic perspective of a shutter mechanism incorporated in the film housing provided with a lens from FIG. 7
Figures 10 (A) to 10 (D) are diagrams illustrating the operation of the shutter mechanism of Figure 9
Figure 11 is a plan view of an alternative image counter used in cooperation with the shutter mechanism of Figure 9
FIG. 12 is a perspective of the film casing provided with a lens of a fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 13 is a section of the film housing of Figure 12
Figure 14 is a sectional elevation of the film housing with a lens of Figure 12, seen from the rear;
FIG. 15 is a plan view of a film loading device used for mounting the photographic film housing provided with a lens shown in FIG. 1
Figure 16 is a front elevation of the film loading device of Figure 15
Figure 17 is a side elevation of the film loading device of Figure 15
Figure 18 is a perspective view showing a base plate on which are placed the film loading device of Figure 15 and a partial assembly of the film housing provided with a lens of Figure i
Figure 19 is a schematic representation of an automatic assembly line
Figure 20 is a plan view showing part of the automatic assembly line of Figure 19
Figures 21 (A) to 21 (C) are perspective views of various winding shafts used with the film loading device of Figure 15; and
Figures 22 (A) and 22 (B) are perspective views of a winding shaft with a sleeve for use with the film loading device of Figure 15.

 Reference is first made to FIG. 1 which represents a photographic film housing provided with a lens (hereinafter called "film housing" for reasons of simplicity), according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention. The film housing 1 comprises a section 2 forming a front main body and a rear section 3 forming a cover, constituting a film container in the form of a light-tight box. The section 2 forming the front main body has a shooting objective 4, a viewfinder window 5 and a shutter operating member 6, in its external walls, and necessary photographic mechanisms such as a shutter mechanism , a film advance mechanism and the like are incorporated therein. The rear section 3 forming a cover is fixed to the front main body 2 in any well known manner, for example by ultrasonic welding, so that it cannot be removed by the user. Thus, the film casing is preferably sealed in an external envelope which has several exposure openings for the shooting objective 4, the viewfinder window 5 and the operating member 6. shutter.

 In Figure 3 which shows the film housing disassembled in the form of sections, the front main body 2 has an opening 2a disposed between its back and its bottom. The rear section 3 forming a cover has a configuration such that it closes the opening 2a of the front main body 2, with a complementary shape, so that the assembly forms a film receptacle in the form of a light-tight box. Inside the front main body 2, a chamber 11 for accommodating a film roll and a chamber 12 for accommodating a film loader are placed on either side of a window or frame 10 of exposure. A fork 14 protrudes from the upper wall of the magazine housing chamber 12 and cooperates with a film advance button 8 and can rotate anticlockwise, as shown in FIG. 3.

The exposure window 10 has guide and film support tracks 15 on two opposite sides. A pinion 16 partially projecting from the surface is placed in one of the tracks 15.

After mounting the film casing 1, a film roll 21 of dimension 135 and a film charger 20 in which the film 21 is held, at its end, by a reel 28 placed in the charger 20, are arranged in the chambers 11 and 12 for housing respectively, before fixing the two sections 2 and 3 to each other. This film 21 is of the type having an image window of 35 mm, determined to be a film of dimension 135 according to the standard
ISO.

 The above-described film loading operation is carried out, in this embodiment, using a film loading device which is shown in phantom at two points in FIG. 3. More precisely, the film 21 unexposed which is withdrawn from the charger 20 is wound around a cylindrical member 22 in the form of a coil of the loading device in the form of a roll of film 23 forming several turns. The loader 20 is held by a clamping arm 25 of the loading device and a part of the film disposed between the roller 23 and the loader 20 is supported by a plate-shaped member 27 belonging to the loading device, so that this part is slightly apart and bends.

 The loader 20 and the film 21 retained by the loading arrangement can be introduced into the corresponding accommodation chambers 11 and 12 by respective lower openings îla and 12a, by displacement of the loading device towards the main body before 2 until that the upper part of a reel 28 (see FIG. 2) of the loader 20 is brought into contact with the fork 14. During this film loading operation, as the part 26 of the film 21 is raised, an edge of this part is hooked by the teeth of the pinion 16.

 When the roller 23 and the magazine 20 have been loaded in the manner indicated, the clamping arm 25 releases the magazine 20 and the cylindrical member 22 is elastically deformed so that the film 21 is removed. The deformation of the cylindrical member 22 is allowed by the formation of a slot 22a which retains one end of the film 21. The loading device is then removed, while the roll 23 of the film and the magazine 20 are housed in the chambers 11 and 12 respectively. Although the rolled up film 23 can unwind due to its curvature effect, the outer turn of the film 23 is retained by a curved wall of the chamber 11 so that the roller 23 cannot unwind excessively . The rear section 3 forming the cover is then welded to the front main body 2.

 A support portion 30 of shape complementary to that of the tracks 15 for guiding the exposure window 10 is placed inside the rear section 3 forming a cover so that it pushes the film against the tracks 15 and places it in the focal plane of the shooting objective 4. A projecting part 32 is also formed at the lower part of the rear section 3, and closes the opening Ila of the chamber 11 for housing the film roll and supports the lower edges of the turns of the wound film 23. From the point of view of profitability, it is preferable to use a simple plastic lens as objective 4 for taking pictures. Although the simple plastic lens has distortion, the curved shape of the channels 15 nevertheless avoids to some extent the influence of this distortion.

 Film loading and mounting of the film housing must be carried out in a dark room. The film container, in this embodiment, can be assembled automatically using a manipulator, in cooperation with the loading device described above, even in a dark room, given the simplicity of the structure. As a result, the film package can be assembled at a reduced cost.

 In a variant, the film loader 20 and the film roll 23 can be loaded so that the film 21 is wound around the cylindrical member 22 in the form of a coil of the loading device after loading the loader into the chamber 12. In this case, the film is wound while it is spread upward by an angle between 30 and 450 relative to the chamber 11. When the film 21 has been completely wound around the cylindrical member 22, the wound film 23 is placed in the housing chamber 11 and the cylindrical member 22 in the form of a coil is then removed.

 When using the film casing thus mounted, when the shutter operating member 6 is operated, a shutter 35 opens and closes so that an image of the film 21 placed on the window 10 of exhibition is exposed. After the exposure, the film advance button 8 is maneuvered so that it rotates the fork 14 so that the reel 28 of the magazine 20 rotates and the film is wound up with an image, that is to say say that the exposed part of the film is introduced into the feeder 20. On the other hand, a new image of the film 21 advances towards the exposure window 10, with rotation of the pinion 16. When the pinion 16 makes a predetermined number of turns, the film advance button 8 and the shutter 35, with the associated members, ensure automatic arming so that the operation of the film casing necessary for the following exposure is completed.

 When the exposure is repeated in the manner described above, the film 21 is gradually withdrawn in the feeder 20. After exposure of all the images of the film 21, the film casing is sent to a photographic shop without removal of the exposed film. In this store, the rear section 3 forming a cover is separated from the front main body 2, for example using an opening device so that the magazine containing the exposed film 21 is removed. The feeder 20 is treated in the same way as a conventional feeder so that the exposed film is removed and subjected to the necessary processing for development and printing.

 I1 is desirable that a tab 38 is formed so that it can be torn along a groove 37, with formation, in the bottom, of an open part of the cover 3. When the part delimited by the groove 37 is torn off, an opening is delimited and allows the magazine 20 to be removed, without separation of the rear section 3 from the front main body 2. The formation of an opening in the film casing prevents re-use of the casing. Consequently, a new film cannot be refilled in the container formed by the used film container so that such a film container, which is not intended to be reused, is not recovered.

 Figures 4 and 5 show another embodiment of film housing provided with a lens, according to the invention. In this embodiment, the feeder 20 and the roll 23 of film are supported by the rear section 3 forming a cover before mounting the film casing 1. An elastically deformable retaining member 40, intended to support the magazine 20 and the roll 23 of film, and which is preferably formed by a leaf spring, is fixed to the projecting part of the rear section 2 forming the cover. The retaining member 40 has a curvature which corresponds to that of the curved surface of the exposure window, and to upper and lower retaining arms 41 and 42 which protrude laterally and have a semicircle shape. These arms 41 and 42 can be folded resiliently so that they hold the magazine 20 and the roll 23 of film, respectively. The curved section of the retaining member 40 has a partial cut 40a so that the elasticity is increased.

 When mounting the film housing provided with a lens in this embodiment, the film is first removed from the feeder 20, with the film rolled up in the form of a roll 23. The feeder 20 and the roll 23 are then placed in the rounded parts 41 and 42 of the end of the retaining member 40 and are held there. As the film roll 23 tends to unwind, the outer turn of the film roll 23 is brought into slight contact with the internal surface of the rounded end portion 42 of the retaining member 40. The cut-out part 40a allows the teeth of the pinion 16 to pass through a perforation in the film 21.

 At the end of the assembly of the magazine 20 and of the film roll 23, the rear section 3 is fixed to the main front body 2 of the film casing 1, in the manner already described with regard to the previous embodiment.

 As clearly indicated in FIG. 4, as the roll of film 23 is only held at its upper and lower parts by the retaining arm 42, the friction force exerted on the external turn of the roll 23 is low. Given this low friction force, the film can be gradually withdrawn from the housing chamber 11. As shown in FIG. 6, the member 45 with retaining arm of the film roll can be integral with the projecting part 39, and then replaces the elastically deformable member 40. In this case, it is preferable that grooves 46 are formed on the internal surface of the retaining member 45 so that the friction force which may be present between the external turn of the roller 23 and the internal surface of the retaining member 45 is reduced. retainer for holding the magazine and the roller on the rear section forming a cover makes it much easier to assemble the film casing in an automatic assembly line.

 The film housing provided with a lens thus mounted is used in the same manner as in the previous embodiment.

 Reference is now made to FIGS. 7 to 10D which show another preferred embodiment of a film housing provided with a lens. The film housing 1 comprises a main body 50, a rear cover 51 and a front cover 52 which are all formed of plastic. These elements are mounted in the form of a light film receptacle in the form of a box. As described in more detail below, all of these elements are permanently mounted after loading the magazine 20 and a film 21 into the main body 50. Consequently, the magazine 20 and the film 21 cannot be removed by any means. 'user.

 As shown in FIG. 8, a magazine housing 55 and a film roll housing 56 are formed at a predetermined distance from each other on a base plate 53 of the main body 50.

Each chamber 55, 56 opens at its lower part through an opening 55a, 56a allowing the introduction of the magazine 20 or of the film 21. After loading the film, it is removed from the magazine 20, which is well known to those skilled in the art and which is already commercially available, and the part removed from the film is wound up in the form of a roll 23. The magazine 20 and the roll 23 are then loaded into the main body 50 through the openings 55a and 56a. This loading operation is performed in a dark room. It should be noted that the film 21 can be removed from the loader after it has been loaded into the main body 50.

 A connecting section 57 is arranged between the chambers 55 and 56 for housing the magazine and the roller, and an exposure window is formed there. The sections or parts 55, 56 and 57 are produced in a single piece, in the form of a frame 58 of generally rectangular shape.

Openings are formed in the lower part of the frame 57, in alignment with the grooves 55a and 56a of the chambers 55 and 56 for housing the magazine and the roller. A fork (hidden in FIG. 8), similar to the fork 14 in FIG. 2 and intended to cooperate with the coil 28 of the charger 20, is placed at the upper part of the chamber 55 for housing the charger. When the film advance button 60 with which the fork cooperates, is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 10, the fork rotates the reel 28 of the magazine 20 and pulls the film 21 in this magazine. The periphery of the advance button 60 has teeth 60a which cooperate with an elastically deformable pawl 60b so that it cannot rotate clockwise.

 A counter 61 of exposures, a pawl 62, a lever 63 for operating the shutter, shutter blades 64, a driving pinion 65 and the associated elements constituting a shutter mechanism are also placed in the main body 50.

 We now refer to FIG. 9 which represents the shutter mechanism; a shutter operating member 66 is formed so that it is integral with a support plate 67 which is mounted on the front cover 51 around a pivot 68 so that it can pivot.

The support plate is provided with an operating rod 69 which is fixed thereto and protrudes rearward. The pawl 62 is supported by the main body 50 so that it can pivot and it has a bent arm 62a to which a spring 72 is fixed. The pawl 62 is forced to move clockwise, under the 'action of the spring 72. The bent arm 62a of the pawl 62 cooperates at its lower end with the rod 69 for operating the plate 67 which is integral with the member 66 for operating the shutter. When this member 66 is pressed down, the pawl 62 rotates anti-clockwise through the operating rod 69. The pawl 62 has a hook 62b, at the end of its arm, which cooperates with the teeth 60a of the button 60 for advancing the film so that the button 60 cannot be turned.

 The film 21 has perforations 21a, eight in number per image. The perforations 21a cooperate with one or two of eight teeth of a driven pinion 65. Consequently, when the film 21 advances by one frame, the pinion 65 is driven and rotates one revolution. A member 74 forming a cam and having a notch 74a at its external periphery, is arranged coaxially with the driven pinion 65. The periphery of the cam 74 is in contact with an end 62c in the form of a hook of an arm of the pawl 62. The cam 74 rotates anti-clockwise like the driven pinion 65 when the film 21 advances in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 9.

 A shutter operating lever 63 is supported by the main body 50 by means of a pivot 76 so that it can pivot. This shutter operating lever 63 has a bent portion 63a to which is connected a first end 72b of a helical spring 72.

Given the presence of this spring 72, the shutter operating lever 63 can rotate counter-clockwise. As shown in FIG. 8, the shutter operating lever 63 is in contact with a projection 62d of the lever 62 and remains in the position shown in FIG. 10 (A), despite the force exerted by the spring 72. The shutter operating lever 63 also has an angled portion 63d in an L arranged forward so that it can strike the shutter blade 64 as shown in FIG. 8.

 The shutter blade 64 is supported by the main body 50 so that it can pivot, but it is retained by a spring 64b, in the rest position shown in FIG. 8. When the shutter blade 64 is in the rest position, it closes an exposure opening 78 and turns off the light. When the projection 62d of the lever 62 releases the operating lever 63 as shown in FIG. 10 (B), the shutter operating lever 63 rotates anti-clockwise under the tensile force exerted by the spring 72, so that it strikes the projection 64c of the shutter blade 64. Consequently, the shutter blade 64 rotates anti-clockwise and opens the exposure opening 78 while the spring 64b stores energy. When the angled portion 63b in L of the lever 63 maneuver moves on the projection 64c of the blade 64 of the shutter, it returns to its rest position under the action of the tensile force exerted by the spring 64b and comes to close the opening 78 of exposure.

 The driven pinion 65 is provided with a cam member 80 placed coaxially and which is integral with it so that the shutter mechanism can be adjusted. At the end of the opening and closing of the blade 64 of the shutter, the projection 64c of the blade 64 falls into a cavity 80a of the cam 80. As the cam 80 is integral with the driven pinion 65, it rotates anticlockwise following the advance of the film 21. This rotation of the cam 80 causes the rotation of the shutter operating lever 63 anticlockwise and returning to the original position.

 The driven pinion 65 has a member 82 with a single notch, arranged coaxially and cooperating with one of the teeth 61a of the exposure counter 61. Consequently, when the driven pinion 65 rotates, the member 82 with a single notch rotates by one revolution and rotates the exposure counter by one tooth. Markers corresponding to the angular positions of the tooth 61a of the counter 61 indicate the number of images exposed. The marks, for example in the form of numbers, are seen through a window 83 formed in the front cover 51.

 As shown in Figure 7, a lens support plate 85 is disposed in front of the shutter blade 64 and has an opening 85a for retaining a plastic lens 86 forming the shooting objective. The lens support plate 85 is arranged so that the plastic lens 86 is aligned with the exposure opening 78.

 A square opening 87 is formed in the upper wall of the front cover 51 and houses the shutter operating member 66 with its upper face which is at the level of the external surface of the upper wall of the front cover 51 or even slightly - below this surface. A viewfinder 88 in the form of a tunnel, a circular opening 89 and small square openings 90 are formed in the front wall of the front cover 51. The opening 89 is formed coaxially with the optical axis of the objective 86. The small openings 90 have positions corresponding to fixing lugs 91 protruding from the main body 50 and allowing the temporary fixing of the two parts 50, 51 of the housing.

 The rear cover 52 has a rear wall 93 and a bottom wall and therefore has a practically L-shaped section. An opening 95 is formed in the rear wall 93 in alignment with the viewfinder 88 in the form of a tunnel, through which an object is observed. A rectangular opening 96 in the rear wall 63 is also formed so that it houses the film advance button 60, its external periphery being at the level of the external surface of the rear wall 93 of the rear cover 52 or even below. A projecting part is formed inside with respect to the rear wall 93 of the rear cover 52 and has a curved surface intended to support the film 21 and to guide it along its length.

 The rear cover is mounted on the main body 50 so that the lower plate 94 is placed under the base plate 53 of the main body 50 and covers the openings 55a and 56a of the chambers 55 and 56 of the feeder and the film roll. Given the construction of the housing 1, the fixing of the rear cover 52 on the main body 50 in which the magazine 20 and the roll 23 of film have been placed beforehand, protects the film from light 21. Next, the front cover 51 is fixed, even in daylight, by welding the edges 52a and 52b of the rear cover to a part forming a corresponding cavity of the front cover 51.

 The film casing 1 provided with a lens is operated by depressing the shutter operating member 66. When this member 66 is pushed in from its initial position shown in FIG. 10 (A), the lever 62 of the pawl rotates under the control of the operating rod 69, in the anticlockwise direction. As shown in FIG. 10 (B), the rotation of the lever 62 releases the shutter operating lever 63 and allows it to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, under the control of the spring 72. Consequently, the shutter blade 64 is open and closed and an image is exposed on the film 21 placed in the exposure window.

 At the end of the opening and closing of the shutter blade 64, the hook-shaped end 62c of the lever 62 leaves the cavity 74a of the cam 74. Consequently, the projection 63d of the lever 63 of shutter operation cooperates with the projection 62d of the pawl lever 62 so that the latter is held in the working position shown in FIG. 10 (C). On the other hand, the hook 62b of the lever 62 escapes from the tooth 61a of the film advance button 60 and allows its rotation so that the film 21 advances by one image.

 During the rotation of the film advance button 60 clockwise in FIG. 9, after each exposure of the film 21, the fork, cooperating directly with the button 60, turns the reel 28 of the magazine 20 so that the film 21 is introduced into the feeder 20. Due to the advance of the film, the driven pinion 65 rotates one turn anticlockwise so that it rotates the cams 74 and 80 and the member 82 with a single notch. The cam 80 displaces the hook-shaped end 63c of the shutter operating lever 63 so that it turns the lever 63 clockwise , with separation of the projection 63d of this lever 63 from the projection 62d of the lever 62 so that this lever 62 can rotate clockwise under the action of the force of the spring 72 as shown in the figure 10 (D). The projection 62d of the lever 62 then cooperates with the projection of the lever 63 for operating the shutter, from the right side of the projection 63d as shown in FIG. 10. On the other hand, the hook-shaped end 62c of the lever 62 is brought into contact with the external periphery of the cam 74.

 When the driven pinion 65 has turned a full turn, the hook-shaped end 62c of the lever 62 falls into the cavity 74a of the cam 74; lever 62 turns a little more clockwise. Consequently, the hook 62d of the lever 62 is brought into cooperation with the tooth 60a of the button 60 so that the button 60 and the driven pinion 65 cannot rotate further while the cam 74 cannot rotate. In this way, the advance of an image of the film is finished; the shutter operating lever 63 is returned to the initial position shown in FIG. 10 (A) in which the lever 63 cooperates with the hook-shaped end 62d of the lever 62 and cannot turn further in the direction counterclockwise. At this time, the member 82 with a single notch advances the exposure counter 61 so that the number indicated changes by one.

 A cam 61b (shown in FIG. 9) is formed so that it is integral with the underside of the exposure meter 61. This cam 61b is brought into contact with an end portion 62e, folded upwards, of the lever 62 so that the latter is turned anticlockwise. Simultaneously, a cavity 61c formed at the outer periphery of the exposure counter 61 is moved to a position in which the notch of the member 82 can cooperate with the teeth of the exposure counter 61. When the lever 62 is turned in this way, the hook-shaped end 62c of this lever separates from the peripheral cavity 74a of the cam 74 and allows the rotation of the driven pinion 65.

In this state, when the member with a single notch is placed in the cavity 61c of the pinion 61 of the exposure counter, this pinion does not rotate at all, despite the rotation of the pinion 65. Consequently, the advance button film can be rotated without interruption so that the film 21 is completely wound in the feeder 20. As described above, the film 21 is completely wound in the feeder 20 after exposure of all the images of the film 21, the unloading of the feeder 20 containing the exposed film being produced very easily in a photographic shop.

 Thanks to the automatic arming mechanism described above, despite the film being wound up by a very simple mechanism in which the film advance button 60 cooperates directly with the reel 28 of the magazine 20, the advance button 60 and the driven pinion 65 can not rotate further, by using a single member, the lever 62, each time the film 21 is wound the length of an image. As a result, the film package may have a reliable mechanism for advancing the length of a single image, while having a simple shutter mechanism.

 Figures 12. to 14 show another preferred embodiment of film housing provided with a lens according to the invention. In this embodiment, a film advance button 103 is placed at the lower part of a front wall of a main body 100 which has an opening 102 intended to accommodate a lens 101 for taking pictures. Holes 105 and 106 are placed behind the opening 102 and a viewfinder 104, grooves being formed on the internal surface of the holes so that the reflected and scattered light cannot penetrate through the openings.

 As shown in FIG. 3, a shutter mechanism 107 is placed behind the shooting lens 101 and is supported by an exposure window 108. A chamber 111 intended to contain a container 110 of light-tight film is formed on the right side of the exposure window 108, when the film casing is seen from the front of the main body 100. On the other hand , a film housing chamber 112 is placed on the left side of the exposure window 108. A coil shaft 113 is supported in the chamber 112 so that it can rotate there.

The film which is not yet exposed is wound on the shaft 113. The front end 21a of the film 21 is fixed to a reel 114 which is supported by the container 110 so that it can rotate. The part of the film 21 between the housing chamber 112 and the container 110, placed in the chamber 111, passes behind the exposure window 108.

 In FIG. 14 which represents the main body 100 from the rear, the reel 114 of the container 110 is in cooperation with a fork 116 which projects in part from the bottom of the container housing chamber 111. The fork 116 is integral with the shaft of a pinion 115 which cooperates with a button 103 for advancing the film by means of a idler pinion 117. When the button 103 is rotated, the film 21 is wound up. on the reel 114. The shaft 113 placed in the film housing chamber 112 protrudes outside the chamber 112, but is kept away from the bottom of the main body 100.

 A groove 113a is formed in the lower part of the shaft 113 of the coil and cooperates with the end of a screwdriver so that it can be turned when the film 21 is wound around it. The groove 113a can have a particular shape corresponding to a special tool rather than a conventional screwdriver so that the winding or rewinding of the film 21 by the users is not allowed.

 In the construction described above, the film housing provided with a lens is mounted in the following manner. First, the container 110, from which the front part or primer of the film 21 is removed and whose rear end is fixed to the reel 114, is loaded into the chamber 111 of the main body 100. After fixing the primer of the film 21 on the shaft 113 of the reel of the receiving chamber 112, the rear cover 119 is fixed to the main body 100 so that a light-tight film box in the form of a rectangular box is formed. for example is then introduced through an opening formed in the lower wall of the main body 100 and cooperates with the groove 113a of the shaft 113 so that the latter can be turned anticlockwise, on the Figure 13, so that the film 21 is wound on the reel 113 placed in the chamber 112. This film winding operation can be performed in daylight since the film case remains closed in a sealed manner.

 When using the film casing provided with a lens thus produced, after the shutter control member 120 ensuring the exposure has been operated, the film advance button 103 is turned. Consequently, as the reel 114 of the container 110 rotates clockwise in Figure 14, the exposed film 21 is wound up in the sealed container 110. Consequently, when the exposure of all the images of the film 21 is finished, the film is completely housed in the container 110. Consequently, the container 110 can be removed by breaking or dismantling the film casing, in daylight.

 It should be noted that, although a 35 mm magazine currently available on the market is used in this embodiment, the light-tight containers can themselves have various shapes. For example, a light-tight container having a film passage slot can be made so that it is integral with the main body 100 but that it can be separated therefrom. Furthermore, it is not always necessary for the light-tight container to have a coil. In the case where it does not have a reel, the exposed film can be pushed into the light-tight container using a pinion, in a manner well known in the art, this pinion being driven in rotation by the film advance button.

 Reference is now made to FIGS. 15 to 20 which illustrate, by way of illustration, a film loading apparatus intended for automatically loading a roll of film and a charger into the main body of the film casing provided with a lens shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. The apparatus 150 for loading the film is placed on a base plate 152 which is described in more detail later in this specification. Chassis 152a and 152b are arranged on the base plate 152 as clearly shown in FIG. 18, and allow the position of the main body 2 and the rear cover 3 to be adjusted.

 The film loading apparatus 150 comprises bases 156 and 157 which support guide rods 154 and 155, a frame member 158 held by guide rods 154 and 155 so that it can slide, and a rotary arm 160 supported by a shaft fixed to the movable member 158 of the chassis so that it can pivot. A helical spring 162 is placed between the rotary arm 160 and the movable member 158 of the chassis so that it pushes the arm 160 which pivots anti-clockwise and that it usually moves it upwards as shown in Figure 16.

 The movable member or chassis 158 is usually retained in the preparatory position away from the main body 2, by the helical spring 162 as shown in Figures 14 and 16. As shown in Figure 15, the movable chassis 158 has a magnet annular shape 163, fixed at its first end by stop screws. This magnet 163 can attract an end surface of the magazine 20 and thus hold this magazine 20 as shown in FIG. 15. The movable frame 158 also has an ejection rod 165 which is axially movable and which is pushed back by a spring helical 166 so that it returns downwards as indicated in FIG. 15. A rotary fork 165a intended to rotate with the reel 28 of the magazine 20 is placed at the anterior end of the ejection rod 165.

 A pneumatic cylinder 169 having a pinion 170 fixed at its rear end is supported by the rotary arm 160 by means of a bearing 168 so that it can rotate. The jack 169 is rotated so that it drives a coil 172 pushed back by a spring housed in the jack 169 so that it protrudes forward, by means of the pinion 170 which cannot move axially. When the air is evacuated from the jack 169, the coil 172 moves back from a position shown in FIG. 15 to a front end position, below the lower surface of the main body 2. When the pneumatic jack 169 rotates, the coil 172 rotates in cooperation with the jack.

 The rotary arm 160 moves to a position represented by a mixed line at two points in FIG. 16, the distance between the central axes of the reel 172 and of the ejection rod 165 being equal to the distance between the axes of the magazine housing chamber 12 and the film roll housing chamber 11. At the upper part of the reel 172, the latter has a slot 172a in which the front part 21a of the film 21 is retained by a leaf spring 173. When the front part 21a of the film 21 is wound tightly around the reel 172 while it is retained in the slot 172a, the film is wound up forming tight turns. It is desirable that the sharp edges of the reel 172, adjacent to the slot 172a, be cut or rounded as shown in the Figures 21 (A) and 21 (B) so that this tight winding is avoided.

 The shaft 159 which constitutes a pivot for the rotary arm 160 has a pawl 175 which cooperates with a tooth of the pinion 170 so that it prevents the rotation of this pinion in the anticlockwise direction.

 The film loading apparatus having this construction is mounted in an automatic assembly line as shown in Figures 19 and 20. Figure 19 schematically shows the automatic assembly line and Figure 20 the relative position of the plate 152 of base and a 177 loading station.

 Several base plates 152 on each of which is mounted a film loading apparatus 150 and frames 152a and 152b, forming a whole placed on a conveyor belt 178, progressively progress to the right in FIG. 19 and pass through a dark room 180 A transmission station of an assembly comprising an apparatus and chassis, a station 177 for introducing a loader, a station 180 with a dark chamber and a sampling station are placed along the conveyor belt 178. The training steps a film roll 23 by extracting the unexposed film 21 from the magazine 20 without exposure to light, bringing the reel 28 of the magazine 20 into cooperation with the fork 14 by axial insertion of the magazine into the chamber 12 of the main body 2, introduction of the wound film 23 into the chamber 11, extraction of the reel 172 from the roller 23, and mounting of the rear cover 3 on the main body 2 are carried out at the station compr enant the darkroom.

 At the overall transmission station formed by the apparatus 150 and the chassis, the main body 2 and the rear cover 3 are placed manually on the base plate 152. At the feeder insertion station, a feeder 20 from which only the anterior end of the film is removed is placed in the chamber 12 of the main body 2.

When the conveyor 178 transports the base plate 152 to the loader introduction station 177, the arm 181 (see FIGS. 14 and 16) protrudes by a predetermined distance and pushes the movable frame 158 forwards, despite the force of the helical spring 162. Owing to this advance of the movable frame 158, the magnet 163 attracts the charger 20 into the chamber 12.

 When the magazine 20 has been drawn into the chamber, the arm 181 returns to the initial position with return of the movable frame 158 to the preparation position shown in FIG. 15 so that the magazine 20 is partially withdrawn from the chamber 12. At this time , the fork 165a of the ejection rod 165 cooperates elastically with the coil 28 of the charger 20, by means of the spring. When the spool 28 is slightly turned to the next station, the fork and the spool cooperate with each other in a safe manner. The reel 28 of the magazine 20 undergoes for this purpose a restoring force applied via the fork 165a when the unexposed film 21 is extracted from the magazine 20.

 After the mobile chassis has returned to the preparation position shown in FIG. 15, a driving pinion 182 placed at the loader introduction station 177 descends so that it is engaged with the pinion 170 of the pneumatic cylinder 169. Simultaneously, the support member 183 protrudes and comes below a housing part 185 fixed to the lower part of the rotary arm 160, thus preventing the arm 160 from falling down when the driving pinion 182 is engaged with the pinion 170. When the pinion 182 has been rotated in a controlled manner so that it puts the slot 172a of the coil 172 in a predetermined position, the driving pinion 182 and the support member 183 return to position. The front part 21a of the film emerging from the magazine 20 is manually introduced into the slot 172a of the reel 172 and is held there by the leaf spring 173 so that it cannot fall.

 The conveyor 178 transmits the film loading apparatus 150 placed on the base plate 152 to the station 180 having the darkroom. The loading device 150 is controlled by a rewinding stage 187 which also comprises a driving pinion and a support member, similar to the pinion 182 and to the member 183, and intended to cooperate with the pinion 170 of the pneumatic cylinder 169. The driving pinion forces pinion 180 to rotate clockwise in Figure 16. During rotation of pinion 170, spool 172 rotates and removes film 21 from feeder 20 and wraps it around it. As the film 21 is subjected to a low restoring force via the fork 165a, the reel 172 can wind the film 21 tightly. The driving pinion 182 is driven by a motor (not shown) placed in the manipulator 187. A sliding mechanism is arranged between the motor and the pinion 182 so that the latter undergoes constant torque. The charger 20 is advantageously supported in any known manner so that it cannot be separated from the magnet during the winding of the film 21 around the reel 172.

 When a sufficient period has passed after the start of the rotation of the coil 172, the driven pinion 182 automatically stops rotating. Since the length of the film previously contained in the magazine 20 is known, this sufficient time is set beforehand according to the length of the film so that the film 21 is completely removed from the magazine 20 when the reel 172 ceases to rotate.

In this way, the film roll 23 is formed. As the film 21 is lifted above the main body 2 during winding, it cannot be scratched on these surfaces.

In addition, the film can be wound up at high speed. It may be preferable that the load applied to the shaft 172 of the coil is detected by a sliding mechanism so that the driving pinion 182 is stopped when a predetermined force is detected.

 When the roll 23 of film has been formed and the shaft 172 of the reel ceases to rotate, the driving pinion 182 and the support member 183 are returned to their initial positions. The base plate 152 then passes to the next stage, that is to say the stage 188 of film installation. During this movement, as the pinion 170 cannot rotate anticlockwise because it is retained by the pawl 175, the film roll 23 does not loosen due to the elasticity of the film 21 itself -even.

 An arm similar to the arm 181 of the film loading stage 177, a push rod 190 having a roller fixed at its end and intended to push the rotary arm 160 down as shown in FIG. 16, and a rod 191 stop which is in contact with the rear end of the ejection rod 165 supported by the movable frame 158 and which prevents the return of the ejection rod 165 when the movable frame 158 moves towards the rear of the as shown in Figures 14 and 16 so that the ejection rod 165 is pushed relative to the frame 158, are arranged in the stage 188 of film installation. This stage also includes an air blast nozzle 192 which projects air and is connected to a coupling member 169a mounted at the end of the pneumatic cylinder 169 when the rotary arm 160 descends into the position represented by the dotted line at two points in FIG. 16.

 When the film loading device 150 is moved to the installation stage 188 from the winding stage 187, the arm 181 is pushed outwards so that the movable frame 158 moves to the position of loading represented by the two-point dashed line in FIG. 17, from the preparation position shown in FIG. 15, so that the charger 20 attracted by the magnet 163 is introduced into the chamber 12 of the main body 2. From this In this way, the reel 28 of the charger 20 is gradually brought into cooperation with the fork 14 of the main body 2.

 At this time, as the rotary arm 160 is in its raised position, the roll 23 of the film wound around the shaft 172 is still placed above the chamber 11 for housing the roll. When the arm 181 is pushed outwards by a predetermined distance, the movable frame 158 moves towards the loading position, and the push rod 190 descends for example under the control of a motor or of a pneumatic cylinder in order that the rotary arm 160 rotates around the shaft 159, despite the force exerted by the spring 162.

 When the rotary arm 160 reaches a position represented by the two-dot dashed line in FIG. 16 so that the shaft 172 of the spool is aligned horizontally and in the center on the ejection rod 165, that is to say that the roll 23 of film is aligned with the feeder 20, this roll 23 is introduced into the housing chamber 11 from above. In this way, when the film 21 is placed on the pinion 16 which protrudes from the film support surface of the exposure window, from above, it cannot be caught by the pinion. The angle of rotation of the arm 160 is adjusted to approximately 35.

 When the push rod 190 descends by a predetermined distance so that the roll 23 of the film is introduced into the chamber 11, the air blowing nozzle 192 (see FIG. 15) of the stage 188 for installing the film is connected to the actuator coupling member 169a 169. The shaft 172 of the coil gradually recedes when the air is evacuated from the jack 169. As the roller 23 is retained by the front edge 169b of the jack 169 during the retraction of the 'shaft 172, the latter slides out of the film roll 23 and allows it to fall into the housing chamber 11.

 When the reel shaft 172 has returned to the rear position, the stop rod 191 moves so that it comes into contact with the rear end of the ejection rod 165. At this moment, the arm 181 moves back and the movable frame 158 moves to the preparation position, under the control of the helical spring 164. Following the displacement of the movable frame 158, the loader 20 is pushed outwards by the ejection rod 165 and is disconnected from the magnet 163 so that it remains in the housing chamber 12.

 When the movable frame 158 returns after arrangement of the magazine 20 and the roll 23 of film in the respective chambers 11 and 12, as indicated above, the elements which have moved such as the push rod 190, the stop rod 191 , the nozzle 192, the rotary arm 160 and the shaft 172 of the reel return to their initial positions so that the installation operation of the film is completed. The base plate 152 is then moved to the next stage, that is to say the stage 195 for mounting the rear cover, at the station 180 with darkroom. In this station, a manipulator is intended to place the rear cover 3 disposed on the base plate 152 on the main body 2 and to form a film housing in the form of a light-tight box. The main body 2 mounted on the cover rear 3 is then moved to the welding stage 196 so that it undergoes ultrasonic welding there. In this way, the film housing is completely mounted and forms a single body, constituting a light-tight film housing and provided with a lens, comprising the magazine 20 and the film roll 23 inside. However, it is preferable that a part 3a of the bottom of the rear cover 3 is not welded so that the tearing of the rear cover 3 is facilitated when the magazine is removed. The finished film housing provided with a lens, placed on the base plate 152, is driven by the transporter out of the darkroom station 180 to the next station which is a picking station, placed in daylight, in which the finished film casing is picked up and is subjected to an inspection.

 After the sampling station, the base plate 152 whose movable frame 158 has returned to the preparation position shown in FIG. 15 and whose rotary arm 160 has returned to the high position shown in FIG. 16, is returned to the station introduction set so that another set is loaded.

 Although, in the embodiment described above, the charger introduction station is intended to ensure the introduction of the charger 20 into the chamber 12 of the main body 2, the charging station 177 can be omitted, the charger being directly retained by the magnet at the charger introduction station. In this case, the initial position of the shaft 172 is adjusted, for example at the end of the film installation stage, while the front part of the film projecting from the magazine 20 is introduced into the slot 172a of tree 172.

 It is desirable that the spool shaft be such as the shaft 198 shown in FIG. 21 (C) so that the front part of the film 21 does not bear an impression or a mark formed by the slot 172a, when the winding of the film 21 around the shaft 172. The shaft 198 has a split shaft 200 fixed to a spring retaining member 201. The front part of the film 21 is gripped between the split shaft 200 and the retaining member 201. As a result, when the shaft 200 is rotated counterclockwise the film can be wrapped around the shaft 200, and can slide out. The shaft 200 deforms when the film comes out.

 As shown in Fig. 22 (A), it is also desirable that a split shaft 172 provided with an elastic sleeve 203 be used. In the case of the use of the shaft 172 provided with a sleeve, after introduction of the front part 21a of the film into the slot 172a and retention by the leaf spring 173, the sleeve 203 is spread apart and placed on the shaft 172. When removing the shaft 172 from the wound film 23, the latter remains with the sleeve 203 in the receiving chamber 11. The sleeve 203 which remains in the chamber 11 can be used as a reel for the roll 23 of movie.

 Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art to the boxes and methods which have just been described only by way of nonlimiting examples without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

 1. Photographic film housing provided with a lens, characterized in that it comprises  a light-tight envelope (100, 119), having an opening (102) through which an exposure is made,  a light-tight container (110) containing a film winding reel (114) and disposed on one side of said opening (102) in said envelope (100, 119),  a coil (113) which can be driven in rotation, disposed, with respect to the container (110), on the other side of said opening (102) in said envelope (100, 119), one end of this coil appearing at the outside of said envelope, and  a wound film (21) one end of which is attached to said take-up reel (114) in the container (111) and which is wound on said reel (113) which can be rotated.  2. Photographic film housing provided with a lens, characterized in that it comprises  a light-tight envelope (100, 119) having an opening (102) through which an exposure is made,  a light-tight container (110) containing a film winding reel (114) and disposed on one side of said opening (102) in said envelope (100, 119),  an elastic coil disposed, with respect to the container (110), on the other side of said opening (102) in said envelope (100, 119), and  a wound film (21) one end of which is attached to said take-up reel (114) in the container (111) and which is wound on said elastic reel.  3. A method of mounting a photographic film housing provided with a lens, comprising a light-tight envelope having at least one exposure opening, an unexposed film roll (23) placed on a first cat. the exposure opening, and a light-tight container (20) placed on the other side of the exposure opening and having a film winding reel to which is attached one end of the wound film, said process being characterized in that it comprises the following stages  placing the light-tight container (20), in which most of the film is contained in a housing chamber (12) formed on one side of the exposure opening in a main body ( 2) of the light-tight envelope so that the front part (21a) of the film removed from the container is fixed on a reel (113) placed in a chamber (11) for housing a film roll, formed on the other side of the exposure opening (15) in the main body of the envelope,  mounting a cover section (3) on the main body (2) so that the photographic film housing is light-tight, and one end of said coil being accessible from the outside of said light-tight housing,  the temporary connection of a rotary drive device with the accessible end of said coil,  winding most of the length of said film on said reel (113) in said film roll housing chamber (11), rotating said reel with said rotary drive apparatus; and  disconnecting said rotating apparatus from said coil (113).  4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the light-tight container (20) is a 35 mm film loader.  5. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said rotary drive device is a rotary drive tool inserted in a groove (113a) disposed at the accessible end of said coil.  6. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said light-tight envelope is of a type which must be destroyed in order to be able to extract said container (20).