FR2651815A1 - Removable assembly device for contiguous elements in building construction - Google Patents

Abstract

Assembly device for elements in building construction (10, 15), which are contiguous plane against plane, comprising a rod (25), the two ends of which at least are threaded (28, 29) with an alternate pitch and which has in its centre a head (20) as well as two sleeves (40, 50) inserted, respectively, in the two blind holes (17, 18) made in alignment in each of the elements to be assembled. One of the elements to be assembled at least has a perpendicular channel (12) extending from the entry of the blind hole as far as the lateral wall of the element in order to permit the access, once the threaded rod (25) has been engaged on both sides in each sleeve, of a key (spanner) as far as the head (20) in order to make it possible to turn the threaded rod.

Description

 The present invention relates to a removable device for assembling, fixing and tamping together two building construction elements, which elements are joined plan against plan. This invention is more particularly described in the case of a funerary monument for which it is advisable to fix in a non-permanent manner a vertical stele on a horizontal part, both being made of stone such as marble or granite.

 The installation of a vertical stele on a slab of a funerary monument is usually carried out by making one or more vertical blind holes (or drilling) in the upper face of the slab and corresponding blind holes in the lower face of the stele. These holes are then filled with fresh cement and, when mounting the stele on the slab, metal pins are inserted long enough for them to be installed simultaneously in the lower and upper holes. After setting the cement, we obtain a fixing of which we are not always sure of the rigidity and the air tightness. This airtightness is important to avoid any risk of rusting of the metal spindle in the long term which can lead to a bursting of the stone, or even a separation of the stele. In addition, this method of fixing prevents any dismantling of stele thereafter, especially when one wishes to be able to take it to a workshop for engraving the name of a new occupant of the monument.

 Document FR 2 548 743 discloses a method of assembly by screws and dowels applied to a funerary monument. This method of assembly provides for each junction a vertical blind hole drilled in the underside of the stele and, opposite, a vertical hole drilled in the slab, this hole opening into a cavity formed about 10 centimeters below the face upper and opening on the side wall. Thus, it is possible to insert a dowel in the blind hole of the stele then, passing through the cavity, to insert a screw has up in the hole of the slab to enter the dowel located in the stele. As can be easily understood, the cavity must be practically as high as the length of the screw to be inserted, i.e. in the range of 15 to 20 cm for the same width. These large cavities are a drawback because either the monument is high and these more or less well-filled cavities are visible and unsightly S or it is low and these cavities are buried in the ground, therefore difficult to access.

 The object of the present invention is a device for fixing at a closed joint of two building construction elements, which device can be reopened by accessing directly at this joint Of course, the essential characteristics of a device fixing namely, a solid hold and a possibility of clamping one against the other of the parts must be maintained. This device must remain easy to implement and at a reasonable cost. In addition, this device must leave only discreet traces at the junction and thereby facilitate the isolation of sensitive parts of the ambient air.

These goals are achieved by an assembly device for building construction elements, which elements are joined plan against plan, comprising a rod whose at least two ends are threaded with an alternating pitch and having a head in the middle; as well as two sockets inserted respectively in two blind holes formed in alignment in each of the elements to be assembled, at least one of the elements to be assembled having a perpendicular clearance extending from the entrance of the blind bore to the side wall of the element to allow access, once the threaded rod engaged on either side in each socket, of a key up to the head in order to be able to turn the threaded rod. As can be easily understood, the minimum height required for clearance corresponds to the thickness of the head and / or the open key necessary to turn it, which in practice is reduced to the order of a centimeter,
In the remainder of the description, one understands by "interior" a part of a part located at the bottom of a blind bore and by "exterior" a part located near the orifice of the same blind bore.

 According to a first characteristic, the socket has a hollow cylindrical body split on sensiblernent a third of the length from the inner end and the corresponding threaded end of the rod is screwed into an inner conical nut located at the bottom of the blind bore and oriented towards the socket, this nut having two lateral pins coming to engage in the slots of the socket. The presence of this conical nut allows firm attachment of the threaded rod to the corresponding construction element.

 According to another characteristic, the sleeve is completed at its outer edge by a flange, the periphery of which has a chamfer oriented towards the blind bore. This collar prevents the socket from penetrating too deeply into the blind hole and thus becoming irretrievable. The chamfer on the edge periphery of the flange allows precisely to take out this socket thanks to a blunt object such as turn or knife.

 According to another characteristic, the sleeve is completed at its outer end with lateral tabs for anti-rotation of the sleeve in the blind bore.

 Sel has an additional feature, the rod has a transverse circular groove in which come to engage one or more stops located in the inner wall of the sleeve along a transverse plane. Thus the threaded rod can not go back during unscrewing which forces the release of the conical nut which may be stuck.

 According to another characteristic, the sleeve is weakened by orifices located substantially one third of the length from the outer end. The socket can also be weakened by a ring inserted in the body of the socket, this ring being weaker than the body of the socket. These weaknesses allow a vertical compression of the sleeve between its flange and the nut during tightening although it is made of a hard material, this compression allowing the compaction of the construction elements one against the other.

 The sockets used for the device according to the invention can either be made in one piece from plastic or metal, or be made in two parts: a plastic or rubber socket body and a metal washer anchored by hooks acting simultaneously as anti-rotation tabs and rod stopper.

The invention is described below in more detail using an exemplary embodiment without limitation illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
FIG. 1 is a view in vertical section of the device,
FIG. 2 is a view in vertical section of the metal sleeve and of the conical nut turned at an angle of 90 relative to that illustrated in the lower part of FIG. 1, and
- Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of a plastic sleeve.

 In FIG. 1 are illustrated the upper part of a lower construction element 15 such as a pedestal, slab or funerary monument as well as the lower part of an upper construction element 10 such as a vertical stele, these two elements being joined in a horizontal plane.

These two adjoining construction elements can also be two ends of beams or cement columns or two edges joined vertically adjoining walls.

 One or more pairs of blind holes are first perceived in the construction elements, one 17 in the upper part 10, the other 18 in the lower part 15 in correspondence with the first, i.e. both aligned and preferably along an axis orthogonal to the joint plane, The depth of these blind holes depends on the dimensions of the assembly device used itself depending on the mass of the construction elements. In the case of a funerary stele on a monument, these blind holes have a depth of around 10 em for a diameter of around 2 cm. In addition, these holes are made between 2 and 5 cm from from the lateral edge of the element which, in most cases, such as beams, walls or steles, corresponds to the midline of the joint plane. If this is not the case, such as for example a column 30 cm in diameter, it is then necessary to drill a sufficient number of pairs of equidistant blind holes located approximately 3 to 5 cm from the periphery.

 As illustrated in FIG. 1, the orifice of the blind bore 17 is hollowed out at 12 transversely to the bore, that is to say parallel to the joint plane, up to the outer edge of the element 10. This clearance 12 has a constant height of the order of a centimeter The shape of this clearance, seen in the joint plane, is isosceles trapezoidal with the base located at the edge of the element, the apex located beyond the orifice and the two non-parallel sides intersecting at an angle between 500 and 2ê00. As will be seen below, this clearance makes it possible to reach with an open key an element of the fixing device which must rotate. If necessary, this clearance 12 can be practiced only in the construction element 15 at the orifice of the blind drilling 18 or respectively for half in elements 10 and 15 straddling the joint plane.

 The assembly device illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a rod 25 having in its center a polygonal head 20: square but preferably hexagonal, making it possible to rotate it around its longitudinal axis by means of a flat key. This rod is threaded on either side 28.29 over all or part of its length from its ends and this with an alternate pitch, in other words by inverted If the rod is threaded only over a portion , it may then be necessary to make a circular transverse groove 27 approximately 1 cm after the head 20. Each threaded end 28, 29 is respectively engaged in a conical nut 30 oriented towards the head. The diameter of the base of this conical nut is slightly less than that of the blind bore 17 or 18. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, this conical nut 30 has two symmetrical lugs 35 preventing this nut from turning on itself by the after.

 In the upper part of FIG. 1 is illustrated a composite bush 40 inserted in the blind bore 17. This bush 40 comprises a cylindrical body made of plastic or hard rubber and split 42 at its internal end. This cylindrical body has a diameter 1 to 4 mm smaller than that of the corresponding hole. A metal washer 48 is attached to the outer edge of the sleeve 40 by hooks 46, the ends of which pass through the wall of the sleeve to form stops which penetrate the circular transverse groove 27 of the threaded rod. Thus, these hooks 46, in addition to their retaining function of the washer 48 against the body of the bushing, by virtue of their external parts jamming in rotation of the bushing in the blind bore and by their ends a blocking stop in longitudinal displacement for the rod 25. The washer 48 is chamfered on its periphery, this chamfer being oriented towards the element 10.

Weakening orifices 44 can also be drilled between a quarter and a third of the length of the sleeve from the flange 48.

 In the lower part of Figure 1 and in Figure 2 is illustrated a metal socket 50 made in one piece. Similarly to the socket described above, this socket 50 comprises a cylindrical body having two longitudinal slots 52 at its internal end and a flange 58 terminating its external end. This flange 58 is also chamfered at 59 on the side of the cylindrical body. External tabs 56 are cut and then folded outwards close to the flange 58. A weaker zone during compression is housed in the sleeve 50 between a quarter and a third of the length from the flange 58. This zone can be constituted by a part of the socket comprising weakening orifices 54 or a ring 55 made of a weaker material, such as hardened copper or plastic, which ring is inserted by welding or embedding between the base of the socket comprising the flange and the upper part comprising the slot 52.

 In Figure 3 is illustrated in longitudinal section a socket 60 molded from plastic.

Thanks to this manufacturing method, it is possible to produce more complex shapes, in particular at the level of an internal flange 67 of non-return of the rod 25 and of the external tongues 66 preventing the rotation of the sleeve 60 in the blind bore. .

 When assembling building construction elements, these elements are first prepared by drilling the respective blind holes 17,18 and creating the clearance 12 either with a chisel and a hammer or a disc apparatus. Then the conical nuts 30 are engaged in the internal ends of the sockets 40.5Q or 60 by causing the pins 35 to penetrate the slots 42.52 or 62. The sockets thus completed with the nuts are then inserted into the blind holes and places the threaded rod in the socket of the lower building element. We can then bring the upper construction element 10 and lower it slowly in order to be able to guide the upper ends of the rods 25 in their respective upper bushings then lower this upper element until we can simultaneously engage the two threaded ends of the rods in their nuts respective.

 The upper construction element 10 is then placed on the lower construction element and the rod 25 is turned by the action of an open-ended wrench passed through the clearance 12 and acting on the head 20. This first has as consequence of bringing each of the nuts 30 towards the head 20 until it comes to wedge the corresponding upper part of the sleeve against the wall of the blind bore. A lateral anchoring is then carried out between the nut, the socket and the construction element. By continuing to tighten the rod 25, the sockets compress in particular at their zones of weakness, that is to say orifices 44 or ring 55, which ensures a compaction of the two construction elements one against the other. The clearance 12 is then filled with silicone grease around the head 20 and / or filled with plaster or other friable material thereafter.

 When it is desired to subsequently dismantle these construction elements, it is first necessary to reopen the clearance 12, then to loosen and unscrew the threaded rod 25 which tends to push the conical nuts 30 respectively towards the interior of the blind holes. .

Usually, the weight of the construction elements is sufficient to force the loosening at least of one of the conical nuts 30 without the rod 25 coming out. In the case of a construction element assembly in a horizontal plane where the weight no longer has any effect, there will then be provided a bushing provided with internal stops 4S, 67 engaged in a transverse circular groove 27 of the rod 25 .When unscrewing the rod 25, these internal stops 4h, 67 preventing the withdrawal of the rod 25 will by the same force the loosening of the nut 30. I1 then becomes possible to dissociate the two construction elements and recover the sockets now deformed, either by pulling directly on the washer 48 or flange 58,68 or, if necessary, by inserting a blunt tool between the construction element and the flange, thanks to the chamfer 49 present on the periphery.

 As we saw on reading this presentation, the device allows the firm and tight support of building elements joined plan against plan, and this leaving only a slight trace (of the order of 1 cm high by 6 cm wide) on the elements. Many improvements can be made to this device in the context of this invention.

Claims (6)

1. Assembly device for elements of  building construction (10,15), which elements are  contiguous plan against plan, characterized in that it  includes a rod (25) with at least two ends  are threaded (28,29) with an alternating pitch and having  in the middle a head (20); as well as two sockets  (40.50.60) respectively inserted in two holes  blind (17,18) arranged in alignment in each of  elements to be assembled, one of the elements to be assembled  less with perpendicular clearance (12)  extending from the entrance of the blind bore to the  side wall of the element to allow access, a  times the threaded rod (25) engaged on both sides in  each socket, from a wrench to the head (20) in order to  ability to turn threaded rod.  2. Device according to claim 1,  characterized in that the socket (40,50,60) has a  split hollow cylindrical body (42,52,62) on substantially  a third of the length from the end  inner and in that the threaded end  corresponding (28,29) of the rod is screwed in a nut  internal taper (30) located at the bottom of the blind bore and  oriented towards the socket, this nut having two lugs  lateral (35) coming to engage in the slots (42,52,62)  of the socket, 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2,  characterized in that the socket (40,50,60) is completed  at its outer edge by a collar (48,58,68) whose  periphery has a chamfer (49) oriented towards the  blind drilling. 4. Device according to claim 3,  characterized in that the socket (40,50,60) is completed  in its outer end of anti lateral tabs  rotation (46,56,66) of the sleeve in the blind bore. 5, Device according to one of claims  previous, characterized in that the rod (25) has  a transverse circular groove (27) in which  come to engage one or more stops  (46 (ó7) located in the inner wall of the socket  (40.60) along a transverse plane. 6. Device according to one of claims  previous, characterized in that the socket (40.50) is  weakened by orifices (44,54) located substantially at the  third of the length from the outer end. 7. Device according to one of claims  previous, characterized in that the socket (50,60) is  made in one piece of plastic or  metal. 8. Device according to one of claims  1 to G, characterized in that the body of the socket (40)  is made of plastic or rubber and  a metal washer (48) is anchored by  hooks (46) acting simultaneously as a tongue  anti-rotation and rod stop. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to  5, characterized in that a ring 55 is interposed in  the body of the socket substantially at one third of the  length from the inner end, this ring  being weaker than the body of the socket 10. Application of the device according to the invention  for the assembly of a vertical stele on a base  horizontal view of a funeral monument.