FR2639203A1 - Integral closed stretcher for pictures - Google Patents

Abstract

Fixed or interlocking stretcher for mounting painted canvasses, consisting of an integral closed stretcher comprising built-in boards and inspection points. It is suitable for both old and modern pictures of all sizes. The invention relates to the ways in which a picture stretcher is constructed that will protect a canvas mechanically and against humidity, dirt and microbiological attack and will permit identification, repair, cleaning and physico-chemical treatment, and varnishing. It can be made by converting the original stretcher. The invention provides fixed, interlocking or self-adjusting stretchers made of wood, metal or synthetic materials. The device comprises a standard stretcher 1, one or more built-in boards 2, inspection points 3 with closure 4, adjustable interlocking means 5, and a sliding device 6 for the adjustable variant, for mounting the canvas 7. The device according to the invention is intended for the display, repair and conservation of pictures belonging to art galleries and private individuals.

Description

 The present invention relates to the methods of producing a type of hunting with closed integral arrays, ensuring mechanical, hygrometric and microbiological protection of the fabrics, while allowing the operations of identification of the fabrics, repair, cleaning and treatment. . This type of frame is suitable for old or modern paintings of all sizes. I1 is achievable by transforming the existing hunts. It improves the varnishing operations. The invention is applicable to fixed, & key, or self-adjusting chases, constructed of wood, metal / wood or synthetic materials.

 The paintings are generally painted on canvas, mounted on wooden or metal / wood frames, possibly reinforced with bars, or crosses, or wooden network for large format paintings.

Some devices allow the fabric tension to be adjusted, either automatically or self-adjusting (tensioners with springs) or manually (keys).

 The disadvantage is that these assemblies do not provide any real mechanical protection of the fabrics, during transport operations, or of shocks, vibrations or other occurrences (explosions, fall of the rails, vandalismJ.

 Also, in the absence of protection on the back of the fabrics, they are subject to significant constraints linked to the humidity and temperature differential between the obverse and the back of the canvas, marked by an accumulation which causes deep degradation phenomena. paintings (for example, degradation of the celluloses of the supports - fabrics), and hygro-thermal shocks difficult to treat and not stable over time, responsible in particular for cracks in the paint layer (which involve penetration of dirt, microorganisms or pictorial layer detachments).

Finally, the classic montages, by favoring the accumulation
humidity, allow the development of microorganisms, aggravated by the deep encrustation of dust which can deposit freely on the backs of the supports. Their treatment can only be temporary with the classic chssis, which the Xusées or the
Individuals.

 The devices according to the invention make it possible to remedy these three categories of drawbacks, and to carry out the operations of identifying the fabrics, varnishing, repairing, cleaning and physico-chemical treatment.

 According to the invention, to remedy the first category of drawbacks, the lack of mechanical protection of the fabrics, the conventional frame is supplemented by one or more panels embedded in the edges, and mounted at a short distance from the fabric ( depending on the format of the painting, from a few millimeters to a few centimeters), facing the reverse of the latter. These panels provide primary protection against shocks on the back of the canvas, shocks related to the carrying of paintings, and generators of swellings, tears or deformations. These panels also provide secondary protection against impact on the obverse of the fabrics, by limiting deformation, including against perforations. In the event of an explosion, strong draft, in the places where the fabrics are displayed or stored. , they limit to a few millimeters the potential deformations of the fabrics, while absorbing these deformations, by an air cushion effect. Thus the tables mounted on this closed integral frame behave like homogeneous semi-rigid structures, insensitive to the risks of tearing, deformation, accidental perforation. They are less susceptible to acts of vandalism.

 To remedy the second category of drawbacks, the hygrometric fragility of the paintings, the closed integral frame acts as a dynamic buffer structure, between the obverse of the canvas, exposed to a temperature identical to that of the exhibit , and the reverse, generally exposed against the support wall of the pictorial work presented, or at a short distance from it. However, this wall is always colder than the air in the exhibit. This arrangement causes condensation on the back of the canvas, colder than the obverse. The thermal shocks generated, the accumulation of water, involve degradation of the paintings. Completely closed facing the wall, and providing an air mattress between the web and panels, the closed integral flush blocks the appearance of condensation. Made of dynamic but semi-rigid materials (plywood for example, blockboard), the panels limit thermal shock and act as a barrier to humidity. This barrier is both active (faced with variations in humidity and temperature of the exhibit) and passive (facing splashing water, runoff) that can occur in old buildings (churches, chants). It can be reinforced by a water-repellent treatment of the panels, for example by metallic films, or resin impregnations, or wood treatments, paints. Partial seals can be added to the assembly, to provide better protection against runoff, in all materials.

 To remedy the third category of drawbacks, the closed integral chassis suppresses microbiological development on the backs of the fabrics, relying on blocking the penetration of moisture and light, and blocking the possibility of deposit germs and dirt, where the work is not protected by funds, pigments, binders.

The device according to the invention also makes it possible to carry out essential operations for the identification of the fabrics, the repair, the cleaning / dusting of the paintings and their physicochemical treatment. The same device, consisting of removable inspection hatches mounted on the panels embedded in the edges, made as soon as the integral chassis is closed, closed for some, or on request for the others, fulfills these different functions.
- for the identification of the paintings, consisting of the presence of signatures, notices, inventory numbers, various inscriptions, it suffices to practice a inspection hatch with regard to these
- for punctual repair of fabrics, it is possible to practice inspection hatches with regard to the & repairer area. These devices allow slow repairs without removing the canvas from its fitted chassis.
- for the chemical treatment of the fabrics, the inspection hatches allow either the installation of chemical inserts (bactericidal treatments for example), or the active treatment (for example, CACAO treatment of the medium for deacidification, by impregnation of the internal face , looking at the canvas, the panel). Thus the use of treating or neutralizing chemicals, over the long term and in small quantities, without removing the work, is possible.

 The inspection hatches can also have a use for reinforcing the security of works: installation of electronic tags, miniature alarms, or other devices related to security against theft or vandalism in public or private enclosures.

 For varnishing or degreasing operations, the closed integral chassis combines its properties to improve the work of restorers and artists: it directs sprays towards the obverse of the canvases, the migration of dissolved varnishes and soiling; it offers a semi-rigid surface which avoids deformation and breakage of the pictorial layers. It ensures the formation of a homogeneous layer of varnish on the face of the paintings.

The present invention is applicable to fixed chassis, - cross or not, to chases key, to self-adjusting chassis
- for fixed frames, the panels will be installed with occasional bonding for small formats, with embedding in the borders. For large formats, the panels will preferably be fixed as for self-adjusting frames.

 - for other types of hunting, they will be mounted with a sliding device (a possible example of which is given in FIG. 5), which allows the free dimensional play of the frame and the canvas.

 The present invention is applicable to old chassis, by transformation thereof. It does not entail any modification of the ornamental framework.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention
FIG. 1 represents the closed integral chassis assembled, variant rigid chassis with a inspection hatch,
- Figure 2 shows in section the closed integral chassis, rigid chassis variant
- Figure 3 shows in section a trap door and its support panel
- Figure 4 shows the closed integral chassis, variant key chassis
- Figure 5 shows in section the sliding device set up in an integral frame locked with keys.

 With reference to these drawings, the invention comprises a standard grooved frame and cut at an angle, with a variable angle (1), one or more recessed panels mounted at a variable distance from the fabric, so as to provide an air space. the thickness of which can vary from a few millimeters to several centimeters (2), one or more inspection hatches (3), closed by a system (4), and for the integral integral chassis variant with keys, the adjustment keys (5 ), and a sliding system (6). The fabric (7) is fixed, for example, by fixing nails (8) which are shown in FIGS. 2 and 5.

 The parts numbered from (1) to (7) are assembled together by all fixing methods, and according to a preferred method by staples, nails, hot or cold gluing, bolting, embedding. They can be assembled so as to have total rigidity, or to present variable mobility.

The device according to the invention is particularly intended for the presentation and conservation of painted canvases for the Collections
Public, Xusées and Individuals.

Claims (5)

RESELL ICAT IONS  1) Device for transforming a conventional frame for switchboards, fixed or with keys or self-adjusting, into a closed integral frame characterized in that it comprises a standard frame (1), one or more recessed panels (2) ensuring the closure of the painting on the reverse side, on the side of the canvas, at a variable distance from it and dependent on the general format of the painting, which can vary from one millimeter to several centimeters so as to leave an air gap, possibly a or several inspection hatches (3) mounted in the panels. ensuring the mounting of the canvas (7)  2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that a system (4) closes the inspection hatch (s) (3)  3) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a sliding system (6) for the closed integral chassis variant, with keys, allowing the use of adjustment keys (5)  4) Device according to claim 1, according to which the recessed panel or panels (2) are mounted fixed to the standard chassis (1).  5) Device according to claim 1, according to which the recessed panel or panels (2) are mounted flexible on the standard chassis (