FR2621442A1 - AGRICULTURAL MACHINE CUTTING BAR - Google Patents

Abstract

The cutter bar is used for cutting branches of trees and shrubs and has a bar 1 with, movable relative to each other, cutting segments 2 and a segment counter blade 3. At ends 8 and 9 segments 2 and 3a are fixed so as to be able to turn freely protective elements made in the form of discs 10 and 11. The diameter of the discs 11 fixed to the segments 3a of the counter blade 3 is greater than the diameter of the discs 10 fixed to the cutting segments 2.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machines used

  used for pruning trees and shrubs, for example

  ple, tea plants, and, more specifically, bars

cutting of these machines.

  There is an agricultural machine cutter bar which comprises a bar with, movable with respect to each other, a counter-blade with counter-cut segments and cutting edges with sharp edges and elements

  protectors attached to the axes of the counter blade segments.

  The movement of the protective elements of this cutter bar is forced and takes place due to the movement of the

  segment counter blade. The protective elements are

  read in the form of fins hinged on rods

  movable and connected via axes to the extremi-

  tees of the counter blade segments. The lower extremities

  of the movable rods interact with ca-

  my fixed to a rod placed between the guides with which the bar is provided. Such a construction of the

  forced movement of the fins causes the parts to resist

  try to move the branches to be cut before they are

  tree in the cutting device and after cutting when

  as they move along the cutter bar. Thus, the fins, after having brought the branches and after the latter are cut in the openings between pairs of cuts, constituted by a cutting segment and a counter-segment, by forcibly turning, spread the branches following in the direction of travel of the cutter bar, while the parts of the mechanism create resistance to the movement of the cut branches along the cutter bar. The components of the forces of resistance to the bending of the branches and to the displacement of the cut mass directed in opposition to the advancement of the cutter bar define the total resistance to advancement which decreases the efficiency of the bar of

  cut, especially when used in devices

  manually operated, when the forward speed is limited by human physical capacity, or by

  the engine power of an agricultural machine.

  The parts of the forced displacement mechanism of the protective elements require auxiliary power to overcome the forces of inertia and friction, a fact which negatively affects the simplicity of the structure.

the cutter bar.

  The object of the invention is to create a cutter bar for an agricultural machine, the embodiment of the protective elements of which makes it possible either to evacuate the branches which have come to the ends of the segments outside the cutter bar, or to introduce them in the openings

  pairs of cuts with minimal forward resistance

  cementing the cutter bar, as well as reducing the re-

  resistance to movement of the cut branches on the cutter bar which would increase the yield of the

  cut and simplify the structure of the device.

  The problem is solved by the fact that in a bar-

  re cutting of agricultural machine which comprises a bar with, movable with respect to each other, cutting segments and a counter blade with counter cutting segments and protective elements fixed to the ends of the segments of the counter blade, according to the invention, the load-bearing elements are also placed on the ends of the segments of

  cutting, while all the protective elements are reali-

  in the form of discs which can be articulated

  brement on the sides of the segments opposite the plane of cut

  eg, the diameter of the discs fixed to the segments of the counter blade being greater than the diameter of the discs fixed to the cutting segments,

  It is useful that the attachment zones of the elements

  safety elements at the ends of the segments are chosen so that the cutting segments and the segmented counter blade cooperate over the entire length of their cutting edges, Such a construction of the protective elements

  allows, thanks to the rotation of the discs during their con-

  tact with the branches to be cut, to reduce the resistance of the branches to the advancement of the cutter bar during their interaction due to the evacuation of the branches in

  outside the cutter bar or their subsequent introduction

  higher in the openings of the segments forming pairs of cuts. On insertion into the cutter bar, the branches flex in the opposite direction to the direction of

  the advancement of the bar to cut therefore, the force of re-

  bending resistance of the branches is directed in the

  direction of advancement of the cutter bar and helps to reduce

  nute the power necessary to move it forward.

  The choice of a larger diameter for the dis-

  fixed to the segments of the counter blade relative to the

  diameter of the discs attached to the cutting segments makes it

  pinching of branches to be cut possible without rotation

  discs and their breakage.

  The choice of the zones for fixing the discs at the ends of the segments with the possibility of cutting over the entire length of the cutting edges makes it possible to improve the cutting conditions of the branches and to make the branches more secure in the cutting zone, Thus, the cutter bar according to the invention, by

  comparison with known cutter bars, reduces

  re notably the power necessary for the advancement of the device, therefore, to ensure its maximum efficiency and

  reduce the mass of metal necessary for its construction.

  The invention will emerge from the description which

  follows of an exemplary embodiment of the cutter bar according to the invention, shown diagrammatically in the appended drawings in which: - Figure 1 schematically represents a part of the cutter bar of a known agricultural machine - Figure 2 represents l 'set A of Figure 1, enlarged; - Figure 3 shows the section on III-III to

Figure 2.

  The cutter bar according to the invention comprises a bar 1 (Fig. 1) on which are mounted, movable relative to one another, cutter segments 2 and

  a 3-segment counter blade with counter segments

  section 3a. Cutting segments 2 are fixed with possi-

  bility to pivot relative to the segmented counter blade 3 using axes 4 and are connected to this counter blade via axes 5, In the places of arrangement

  axes 5 on the counter blade 3 exist slots along

  gitudinal -6 and on the cutting segments 2, transverse slots 7, The axes 5 are fixed to the bar 1 and enter the longitudinal slots 6 of the counter blade 3 as well as the transverse slots 7 of the segments

cutting 2.

  The ends 8 (FIG. 2) of the cutting segments 2 and the ends 9 of the counter cutting segments 3a of the counter blade 3 carry protective elements produced in the form of discs 10 and 11, respectively. The discs 10 and 11 are mounted with the possibility of freely rotating on axes 12 and 13, respectively. This is ensured by the fact that the pins 12 (Fig. 3) are fixed sockets 14 and the pins 13, sockets 15. The sockets 14 and 15 carry, mounted with a clearance 16, the discs 10 and 11, this which allows the latter to rotate relative to the sockets 14 and 15, the axes 12 and 13 being produced

  in the form of rivets passed through the orifices of the ex-

hoppers 8 and 9 of the segments.

  The diameter of the discs 11 fixed to the segments 3a of the counter blade 3 is greater than the diameter of the discs fixed to the cutting segments 2. The fixing zones

  protective elements at the ends 8 and 9 of the seg-

  are chosen starting from the interaction condition

  tion of cutting segment 2 and segment 3a of the counter

  blade 3 over the entire length of their cutting edges 17 and 18. Consequently, during cutting, a point "a" in

  top of the cutting edges 18 of a segment 3a is inside

  action at point "c" with point "b" at the top of the edge

  cutting edge 17 of a cutting segment 2.

  The cutter bar according to the invention works

as follows.

  The back and forth movement of the counter blade

  with segments 3 (Fig. 1) transmitted from a drive mechanism

  drag (not shown), via axes 4 and 5 is transformed into a swinging of the segments of

  cut to meet the counter blade. The long slots

  tudinal 6 of the counter blade 3 with the transverse slots

  dirty 7 of the cutting segments 2 serve to establish the chai-

  no kinematics ensuring the reciprocating movement of the segmented counter blade 3 and the rocking movement at

  the meeting of the counter-blade of the cutting segments 2.

  During relative displacements in opposite directions

  of the counter-cutting segments 3a and of the cutting segments 2, the cutting edges 18 and 17 cooperate

over their entire length.

  As the cutter bar advances, for example in shrubs, the discs 10 and 11 approach the branches and interact with them. The

  branches begin to flex under the action of one of the dis-

  ques 10 or 11 (Fig. 2) or cooperate simultaneously with the pair of discs 10 and 11. As the branch bends under the action of disc 10 or 11, the flexural strength of the branch increases and the moment due to this force on the arm between the point of contact of the disc 10 or 11 with the branch and the center of their respective axes of rotation increases. This moment, in

  overcoming the moment of reaction due to the force of friction

  ment from sliding disc 10 or 11, respectively

  suitably against socket 14 or 15, and provided that it is less than the moment due to the frictional force of the

  branch against the respective disc, rotates the dis-

  relative to the sockets clockwise

  clockwise or counterclockwise.

  When the disc 11 or 10 comes into contact with a

  branch,. to the left of the vector of the absolute speed of de-

  placing the center of the disc 11 or 10 during the move-

  ment of segment 3a or 2 from left to right, and to the right of the vector of the absolute speed of displacement of the center of the disc 11 or 10 during the displacement of segment 3a or

  2 from right to left, the moments due to the forces of

  bending resistance of the branches, overcoming the

  elements due to the friction forces of the disc 10 against the bush 14, or of the disc 11 against the bush 15,

  rotate these discs and evacuate the branches of the bar-

re cutting.

  When the disc 10 and 11 comes into contact with the

  branch, to the right of the vector of the absolute speed of de-

  placing the center of the disc 10 or 11 during the move-

  ment of segment 3a or 2 from left to right, and to the left of the vector of the absolute speed of displacement of the center of the disc 10 or 11 during the displacement of segment 3a or 2 from right to left, the moments due to the resistance to bending of the branches, overcoming the moments due to

  friction forces of the discs against the bushings,

  open discs 10 or 11 and introduce branches

in the cutter bar.

  During the contact of the branch with the disc 10 or 11 at the point which coincides with the speed vector

  absolute displacement of the centers of their axes of rotation

  tion, the branch flexes first under the action of the disc or 11 until the variable vector of the absolute speed of movement ensures a sufficient moment to overcome the moment due to the friction forces, or else gets caught between the discs 10 and 11. When the branch is wedged between the discs 10 and 11 of the segments 3a of the counter blade and of the cutting segments 2, the discs 10

  and 11 act on the branch according to the vector of the vi-

  absolute amounts of their movements. As soon as the composition

  common health of the action forces of discs 10 and 11 on

  the branch exceeds the flexural strength of the branch

  che and the moments of the friction forces coming from the sliding of the disc 10 on the socket 14 and of the disc 11 on the socket 15, the discs rotate which ensures the thrust of the branch in the segment cutting zone

  cutting 2 and dessegtssidelacmrbe-lame.The evacuation process

  branch ation forward due to the interaction of

  discs takes place in the same way.

  As the diameter of the discs 11 fixed to the seg-

  counter-cutting elements 3a of the counter-blade 3 is greater than the diameter of the discs 10 fixed to the cutting segments 2 and that the fixing of the axes 13 and 12 of the discs 11 and 10 on the segments 3a of the counter-blade and on the cutting segments 2 ensures the cooperation of their cutting edges 18 and 17 over the entire length, the jamming of the branches in contact with the discs 11 and 10 is excluded in the points which coincide with the vectors of the absolute speed of movement of the centers of axes 13 and 12, i.e. when the absolute velocities of the centers

  axes 13 and 12 of discs 11 and 10 pass respectively-

  ment by the axes of rotation of the sockets 15 and 14, whereby a possible jamming des'branches by the discs 11 and 10 is excluded without them turning or breaking. What is said above is very important for the use of discs 10 and 11 in

  segment cut with relative back-and-forth movements

  comes, translation and rotation of the cutting segments.

  After entering the branch into the cutter bar, the branch is cut, while the upper point "a" of the cutting edges 18 of the segmented counter blade interacts with one of the upper points "b" of the cutting edges 17 of segments 2 at the point

  "c", which ensures a good quality cut of the branches

  ches remaining in the interaction zone of the ends 9 and 8 of the segments 3a of the counter blade and the segments of

section 2.

  The cut branches move on the counter

  blade 3 (Fig. 1) under the action of the cutting segment 2 and fall from the rear side of the cutter bar and then

  are arranged by the workers between the rows of tea-

iers.

  The evacuation of the branches by the disks 10 and 11 outside the device or their introduction into the openings of the cutting pairs of the segments 2 and 3a with minimal resistance to the bending of the branches and the reduction of the resistance to movement of the cut branches allow to increase the cutting yield

  branches of shrubs by hand tools.

Claims (2)

  1. Cutting bar of agricultural machine comprising   te a bar 11) with, movable relative to each other   very, cutting segments (2) and a counter blade (3) with counter cutting segments (3a) and protective elements fixed to the ends (9) of the counter cutting segments (3a) of the counter blade (3), characterized in that elements   protectors are also attached to the ends (8) of the seg-   cutting elements (2), all the protective elements being produced in the form of discs (10 and 11) mounted, with   the possibility of turning freely, from the two oppo-   sés relative to the cutting plane, on the segments (2 and 3a), the diameter of the discs (11) fixed to the segments C3a)   of the counter blade (3) being greater than the diameter of the dis   ques (10) fixed to the cutting segments (2), 2. Cutting bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the areas for fixing the protective elements on the ends (8 and 9) of the segments (2 and 3a) are chosen so that the cutting segments and the counter blade with segments cooperate over the entire length of the cutting edges (17 and 18) of these segments,