FR2619860A1 - REVERSIBLE PUMP AXIAL PISTON MOTOR WITH MODULAR MULTI-BARRELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The motor described comprises a casing (1) containing a stack of piston chambers (35) incorporated between a basic piston chamber (2) and a sealing block (3-5). The annular space between the casing and the piston chamber is divided into two semi-annular compartments one of which is under pressure the other being connected to atmosphere, by an upper window joint (6) one part of which has a reduced diameter to allow the passage of pressurized fluid, a lower window joint (7) and two small sealed lateral bars (8). Pressure is supplied to the individual pistons (51) through lateral openings. As the total surface under pressure is greater than in classic motors, a higher torque is obtained. The cylindrical design of the motor permits installation in confined spaces. As the piston chambers are rotated by the protruding extremity, the motor can be reversed as a pump.

Description

 The present invention relates to a reversible axial piston motor @ pump, h modular multi-barrels.

 Traditionally axial piston engines are provided with only one barrel @ t and deliver only a relatively low torque so @ s very high pressures and large dimensions. Thus, catalogs of the market propose a @ouple of 47 m / kg at the mo @ in of a pump of mass 78 kn associated with a motor of mass 47 kg of respective dimensions 394 x 300 x 270 mm Pt of @ 95 x 216 x 216 mm.

 In addition, the high pressures used cause heating of the fluid and proportional wear of the component parts @ without counting the danger of the pressure pipes.

 The present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks.

the invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating a piston k nxinux rev @ rsible pump, motor with which one obtains, on the one hand, a pressure action surface much more important than in conventional engines because of the multiplicity of barrels - therefore pistons -, and on the other hand, a much smaller footprint, being in cylindrical form.

 The advantages obtained thanks to this invention consist essentially in the fact that the torque obtained is significantly higher, at equal pressure, than in traditional motors. Conversely, at equal torque, the motor operates with less pressure and - its service life increases.

 In addition, by virtue of its modular design, the engine according to the invention has much smaller and simpler dimensions of dimensions, making it possible to adapt it in confined installations, such as drill holes in the ground or vehicle axles.

 The invention is set out below in more detail with the aid of drawings representing a preferred embodiment.

 Figure 1 is a brief perspective view, to understand the operation of the engine and to see the main component parts.

 FIG. 2 represents, in longitudinal section and with the "admissior" compartment located at the front of the @igure, an engine produced e @ assembled in accordance with the invention and comprising, only, the adj @ @ ction of a modular barrel.

FIG. 3 represents the position of the tenons @ of junction between ba
rillets, in horizontal half-section.

Figure 4 is a detail showing the junction between piss foot
tone and tilted tray.

Figures 1 and 2 show a piston engine differently
axial, reversible in modular multi-barrel pump, comprising:
1) A fixed motor housing (1).

 2) A basic barrel (2) with an extended spacer (46).

3) A set of f @ rm @ ture consisting of a final body (3) having
a projecting end for receiving a drive member, of a
final element of casing (5) and of a lower flange (18) ,.

4) A central member (16) made integral with the casing (1) a @ means
of the flange (20) screwed to the housing by the screws (24) and receiving b
turn the nut (23) screwed onto the central member locked by key (22) and
secured, in turn, to the flange (20) by the screws (21) which may @ -
hold, in addition, the organ centra) in the axial direction thanks to lo ron
her (2 @).

The central organ is extended, on the closing block side, by a tube
extension (40) screwed onto the member (16) itself, and by a socket
extension (39). These two parts are joined by a key (27) and
this assembly is protected from sliding axi @ l by the closing screw
(26) which has, for this purpose, a shoulder, on which comes to rest
the extension sleeve (39) and the key (27).

Thus the entire central organ is fixed and integral with the motor housing.
(1).

 The central organ can, among other things, serve as a refrigerant conduit.

5) A device for separating the annular space included
between the housings (1-5) and the barrel assembly @ base - farm body
ture (2-3) in two watertight semi-annular compartments between them, dis
positive which is made up of three main elements
In the first place,
- An upper glass seal (6) constructed according to two diameters
be different, the larger being at the inside radius of the housing, the more
small to the radius of the barrels, allows one of the compartments t to be closed upwards and the other to be left at the intake of the engine supply pressure. This glass seal is tight on the upper face due to-
- base rillet (2) on which it is supported by the spring (10) guided by the central member (16) and whose tension can ttrc adjusted n; r a nut (15) screwed on the central member. The seal around the member is ensured by toroidal joi @ t (45).

Secondly,
- A lower glass seal (7) coming to bear on a shoulder provided on the closure body (3) to ensure the axial sealing at the bottom. This glass seal is, well extended, the diameter of the housing b frot @ ement soft.

In third place,
- Two lateral support bars (8) on the barrels, arranged according to two generators d @ ammetrically opposite of the base barrel-closure body assembly (2 ~ 3) and also coming to bear, on the one hand, on the shoulder presented by the upper glass seal (6) @right of the change in diameter and, on the other hand, on the lower glass seal (7). These bars are held in place in two morta @@@@ (f) machined in the body of the casing and in which they can undergo u: slight lateral and axial movement while ensuring sealing between surfaces in contact by gentle friction.

 The support of these bars on the lower glass seal (7) is ensured by the device (11 ~ 12 ~ 13 ~ 14) which comprises a ball (11) leaving a free lateral play k the bar, a U-shaped guide piece (12) a support spring (13) adjustable by a screw (14).

 The lateral support against the barrels is ensured by leaf springs (9) arranged in recesses cut on the back of the bars and taking their reaction at the bottom of the mortise.

 The upper spring can preferably be held in place by an @ clips (29).

 The contact points of the bars-glass seal above the right of the small diameter of the latter is also waterproof by pressing the bars.

 Thus the appearance of the three elements previously described, achieves the creation of the two watertight semi-annular compartments between them.

 The surface of the contact of the bars against the barrels receives an enveloping profile in an arc of a circle, of the radius of the barrels and of a length very slightly greater than the diameter of the piston feeding hole, in order to ensure the necessary times of late, at the high and weary dead centers of the latter. In addition, this expanding prorl exists only at the right of the barrels part. It is not made at the point of contact with the upper glass seal, to allow sufficient axial clearance for the latter.

 6) An inclined plate (34) (shown monoblo @ in the figures but which may have other co @ figurations) stopped, towards the top, by a shoulder on the central organ and kept immobilized pa @ a @lavette ( 27) has a device allowing the feet of pistons to "swivel" freely, without the risk of escaping from their housing. C @ device consisting of a removable plate (44) in which an additional bare clenin ball bearing is machined, is held in the clamp by screws (43).

7.) One or more modular assemblies coming to integrate between the @@ basic net (2) and the closing block and comprising:
- A housing extension (32) which can be assembled by flange.

 - An extension of lateral support bars (33).

 - A barrel (35) and its pistons (51) identical alix pistons of the barrel of hase.

 - A barrel extension (46).

 - An external extension (47) of central body.

 - A key extension (27).

 - An inner extension (36) of central organ.

 - Connecting pins (4) between barrels and barrel extension.

 8) An upward stop (17) with its lateral guide bearing (19) held by retaining circlips (30) with the possibility of slight axial play.

 9) A downward stop (Ji) and its lateral guide bearing (28) held by a retaining circlipa (48) leaving a free axial clearance.

 10) One or more bearings (37) allowing the rotation of the barrels around the central member held axially by lln @u of the circlips (38) leaving a free axial clearance.

11) Finally, internal lubrication holes cali @ res (bcg)
The flow used for this lubrication inter @@ is returned to the atmosphere through the drain (@) and it is sealed by the lip seals (42 ~ 49).

This latter joint is mounted on a joint joint (41) held by screws (50) to the central organ.

 The engine operates identically on conventional axial piston engines. @the only difference is in the way of feeding the pistons. The supply, according to the invention, is via orifices / (h) lateral drilled in the barrels, the pressure being admitted by the orifice.

(a) provided in the flange (20), the "intake" compartment facing the orifice being continuously supplied. Under the effect of the pressure the pistons descend according to the inclined plates and rotate the barrels, until, or the orifice supplied, is in the race of the de @ i- chamber put into the atmosphere by l orifice (d), the piston then being in the low position. the pistons can then go back up and the movement becomes new.

The external PTO is made by the projecting end of the closing block
Conversely, the mechanical rotation of all the barrels by the protruding end, allows the motor to be used as a pump by putting the orifice (a! H suction, the refoulenen 'putting in (d).

Claims (9)

 1) Axial piston motor, reversible as a modular multi-barrel pump, characterized in that it comprises an outer casing (1-5), a basic barrel (2) and a closure block (3) between which can intercalate any number of modular barrels (35) and further characterized in that it peddles two semi-annular compartments, one of which is under pressure, the other of which is in the atmosphere, constituted by an ice seal upper (6), a lower glass seal (7) ensuring axial sealing, and two support bars (8) along two diametrically opposite generators of the barrels, housed in two longitudinal mortises (f) formed in the casing and ensuring lateral sealing between the two compartments.  2) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that the upper glass seal (6) has a profile along two different half-diameters, one at the inside radius of the casing (i) the other at the radius of the barrels (35) ensuring thus supplying pressure to one of the semiannular compartments, the other being closed by the large radius half-diameter.  3) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that the support of the bars on the barrels is produced by leaf springs (9) housed in the mortises of the casing (i) and in a recess formed on the back of the bars.  4) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a central member (16) integral with the housing (i) by different joining elements: flange (20), screw (21-24), nut (23), key (22), lock washers (25).  5) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that the support of the upper glass seal on the base barrel (2) is provided by a spring (10) guided by the central member (16) and adjustable by a nut (15 ).  6) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that the side bars also press on the lower glass seal (7) by means of an adjustable device by spring and screw (11-12-13-14).  7) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that the piston feet on the inclined plates (34) are held by a removable plate (44) which receives a machining of a raceway complementary to that machined on the plate, preventing the feet pistons to escape from their housing.  8) Motor according to claim 1 characterized in that the junction pins (4) between barrels are housed between the piston bores.  9) Engine according to the preceding claims characterized in that the central member (16) can serve as a coolant conduit.