FR2618826A1 - Self-supporting unit of multi-layer type in woody material to form a floor - Google Patents

Abstract

The self-supporting unit consists of a plurality of strips 1, 2, 3 of woody material, at least three in number, and set out in parallel layers on top of each other and held together using a suitable resin adhesive, one layer to another, with at least one intermediate strip 3 lying between two strips, one above 1 and one below 2, and the strips have on one edge a hollow groove 8 and on the opposite edge a tongue 4 of matching section, which permit the assembly and locking together of two units by engagement of the tongue of one unit into the groove provided on the adjacent unit. The tongues and the grooves are obtained by simply offsetting the intermediate strip 3 laterally in its plane in relation to the two strips, respectively above 1 and below 2, which are strictly one on top of the other, the offset of the intermediate strip 3 presenting a longitudinal projection 4 on one edge of the built-up multi-layer unit, formed by the projection of the intermediate strip, while the opposite edge of the unit presents a longitudinal hollow 8 of matching size.

Description

The present invention relates to an element of complex, flat and elongated material allowing, by juxtaposition of identical elements, the production of a self-supporting surface optionally positioned from place to place on frames forming a framework.

More particularly, the invention relates to self-supporting floor elements produced from woody materials such as wood or agglomerated particle boards and the element is of the multilayer type.

The use of woody materials in the form of a plurality of laminated layers is already known in the building, making it possible to obtain materials of high resistance, in particular of the "glued laminated" type.

However, elements or materials of the "ccllé lamellés" type are traditionally used by being arranged "on the field", that is to say in vertical strips associated with one another by interstitial layers of adhesives also arranged in a vertical plane.

The present invention aims to develop the possibilities of woody materials of the multilayer type for the production of self-supporting surfaces, in particular floors, from juxtaposed and associated plane elements.

To this end, the invention relates to a self-supporting element for producing floors and forming a rectangular long plate, and the element is characterized in that it consists of a plurality of blades of woody materials at least three in number. and arranged in parallel superimposed layers being joined by bonding by means of an appropriate resin, from one layer to another, and at least one intermediate blade being between two respectively upper and lower blades and they have on a edge a groove hollow and on the opposite edge a rib of corresponding profile, allowing the assembly and the joining of two elements by engagement of the rib coming from an element in the groove -provision on the neighboring element.

Flus particularly said rib and groove are obtained by simple lateral offset in its plane of said intermediate blade relative to the two blades respectively upper and lower, which are in rigorously superimposed position, ie offset of the im, e intermediate showing on a song of the complex multilayer element a longitudinal projection formed by the overhang of the intermediate blade, while the opposite field of the element reveals a longitudinal hollow of corresponding dimensions.

And preferably the projecting edge forming ribs and coming from said intermediate blade has beveled angles thus facilitating the penetration of the projection thus formed in the receiving groove of the adjacent element.

And more particularly, it can be provided that the bottom of the groove, opposite to said rib, is provided with a profile complementary to the projecting edge situated on the opposite edge of the element and constituted by the projecting overhang of the intermediate blade.

According to another characteristic, it is provided that the intermediate blade has on a long edge, corresponding to the edge of the element, a projecting profile of convex shape, the opposite edge of said blade comprising a concave profile of complementary sections.

And more particularly, provision is made for the convex projecting profile on the one hand and the re-entrant profile (situated on the opposite edge of the intermediate blade, to have a cut of curved shape and in particular semi-circular.

According to a variant, said respectively re-entrant and projecting profiles have an angular shape in section.

And preferably the respectively re-entrant and projecting profiles coming from the intermediate blade occupy the entire corresponding lateral face of said blade, said lateral face having no wall or part of wall situated in the plane of the edge of the neighboring blades.

According to a more particular embodiment, the element comprises five blades including two outer blades and two intermediate blades, said intermediate blades comprising on one and on the other edge respectively re-entrant and projecting profiles, of complementary section and forming ribs and grooves, a central blade separating the two intermediate blades, the two outer blades and the central blade being strictly of superimposed format.

According to one particular feature, the thicknesses of the different blades are identical to each other.

However, these thicknesses could also vary from one blade to another.

And according to a more particular form, the ribs and grooves appearing respectively on the edges of each element are extended at one transverse end by a groove thus extending to 900 the groove located on the neighboring edge while on the other transverse end the element comprises a rib extending to 90C the rib located on the edge opposite to the edge carrying the previous groove.

According to another embodiment, at least one of the blades making up the assembly itself consists of a succession in the same plane of wooden segments assembled end to end by complementary notches, in a manner known per se.

According to a development of the invention, a blade constituting the external and visible blade is made of noble wood with decorative property thus revealing a floor of beautiful appearance.

According to a variant, the visible outer blade comprises a covering provided with a material with high mechanical resistance such as a resin film or a steel strip.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows and which is given in connection with various embodiments presented by way of example.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an element according to the invention with three layers.

Figure 2 shows the same element of Figure 7 seen in section and showing a projecting rib with beveled edges.

FIG. 3 represents an element according to the invention and produced from five layers or blades.

FIG. 4 represents a variant of a self-supporting element with five layers, the ribs and grooves of which have an angular profile.

Figure 5 shows the element of Figure 4 above in section and in the assembly position with adjacent elements juxtaposed and resting on a support frame.

FIG. 6 represents an element similar to that of FIGS. 4 and 5 but in which the grooves are of curviform sections.

According to Figure 1 and 2 we see an element according to the invention comprising three layers formed of a woody material including boards. And one thus finds in these figures the two outer blades respectively upper 1 and lower 2 containing between them an intermediate blade 3.

Preferably, these blades are made of woody malus material, for example the intermediate blade could be produced in the form of a material of the type of agglomerated particle board, according to a variant.

Preferably the blades are made of wooden planks, the wires being parallel from one blade to another.

According to the invention the intermediate blade 3 is offset so as to reveal on two adjacent edges an overhang or overhanging part 4 thus appearing on a longitudinal edge 5 of the element and on a cross section 6; while on the opposite edge 7 appears a longitudinal hollow forming a groove 8 and of identical profile and dimensions of the edges 4 located on the opposite edge 5.

Preferably and according to Figure 2 we see that the overhang forming grooves has beveled angles respectively 9.9 'which will allow the engagement of the rib thus formed in the groove 8 appearing on the neighboring element during their juxtaposition.

FIG. 3 shows a variant in which five superimposed blades have been assembled, namely the two outer blades 11 and 12 separated by the dcx intermediate blades 13 and 13 '. A central strip 14 is provided with a format and dimensions corresponding to the two outer strips 11 and 12 with which it is aligned in rigorse superposition; while the two intermediate blades 13 and 13 ′ are offset in two directions so as to overlap respectively on an edge 15 of the element and on the cross section 16; so that airai appears on the opposite edge 17 the two grooves 18 and 18 '.

It can be seen in particular in the light of FIG. 3 that each of the blades forming a layer does not necessarily consist of a unitary element; and each blade can itself be made up of portions or segments of planks 19, 19 ′ assembled according to complementary notches 20 by following in this a known technique in the joining of segments of wood.

The assembly rests on a beam 10. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show an alternative embodiment in which the projecting parts or projecting parts of the intermediate blades 23, 23 ′, located between the upper blades 21 and 22 and are separated from each other. -same by the central blade 24.

In the example of Figure 4 and Figure 5 the projecting parts of the intermediate blades have an angular outer profile.

Under these conditions, a rib 25, 26 with a pointed profile is obtained, capable of penetrating the groove of corresponding profile and located on the edge facing the neighboring element, as seen in FIG. 5.

The device allows a secure engagement and nesting of the elements with one another, the V-shaped ribs cooperating with the grooves of corresponding profile thus forming a self-centering device allowing rigorous alignment of the elements, this in two perpendicular directions.

Figure 6 shows a variant in which the ribs and grooves from the intermediate blades have a curvilinear profile resulting in the realization under the same conditions of a self-centering system.

The upper face of the element is thus obtained by the upper blade 21 which will preferably be made of noble wood allowing the establishment of a decorative floor while obtaining qualities and properties of resistance to bending particularly high.

The embodiment of the invention in fact makes it possible to produce self-supporting elements capable of authorizing large spans without the formation of an arrow.

Indeed, the elements according to the invention have a high resistance to bending given the association of several elements whose wires are located in parallel and which multiply, by a synergistic effect and thanks to their connection, their individual resistance.

In the implementation of the invention, the resins used in a conventional manner in the context of the industry for manufacturing material of the “glued laminated” type will be used.

The tests and tests which it has been carried out by the applicant show that it is possible, according to this technique, to make self-supporting elements allowing spans going up and exceeding 3 meters and authorizing an overload of 200 kg. per m2.

In addition, the use of the element according to the invention makes it possible to obtain particularly high thermal insulation properties.

Advantageously, the element according to the invention will be subjected to a flame retardant treatment.

And in addition, as shown in FIG. 6, provision can be made for the superimposition, over the upper blade 21, of a sheet material providing properties of punctual mechanical resistance, in particular to crushing and local deformation; it could be a film of a synthetic resin or a steel strip 26; this embodiment will be particularly advantageous for shaping floors of industrial storage premises or public places.

It is understood that the invention allows a great saving of means and costs, especially in manufacturing; in fact the "bouvetage" produced on the edges of the elements is obtained here automatically and "free" since it is produced by simple offset of the intermediate blade 3.13, 13 'or 23.23' which is brought in two adjacent sides in overhanging position.

A simple preliminary operation makes it possible to conform to the appropriate profile the edges of this blade which, when it is assembled with the other blades, therefore automatically conforms the grooves and ribs thus produced.

The known properties of the woody material of the "glued laminated" type are thus thus used by developing them so as to allow the production of self-supporting elements (due to the properties of mechanical resistance of the material) but also assembled by simple juxtaposition.

During the implementation and the realization, the installation is done by presentation of a new element, the ribs of which are engaged in the grooves of the preceding element, the assembly being easily assembled and secured, for example by gluing on edge .

So that the assembly and the joining of the elements are done quickly and automatically by obtaining a flat surface of perfect regularity and an advantageous appearance obtained by highlighting a noble wood or any material of surfacing on the upper blade.

Claims (13)

 1 - Self-supporting element for producing floors and forming a long, rectangular plate, and the element is characterized in that it consists of a plurality of blades (1,2,3) of woody materials at least the number of three and arranged in parallel superimposed layers being joined by bonding by means of an appropriate resin, from one layer to another, and at least one intermediate blade (3) being between two respectively upper (1) and lower ( 2) and they have on a field a hollow groove (8) and on the opposite field a rib (4) of corresponding profile, allowing the assembly and the joining of two elements by engagement of the rib coming from an element in the groove provided on the neighboring element. 2 - Element according to claim 1, characterized in that said rib (4) and groove (8) are obtained by simple lateral offset in its plane of said intermediate blade (3) relative to the two respectively upper (1) and lower blades (2), which are in a strictly superimposed position, the offset of the intermediate blade (3) showing on a song of the complex multilayer element a longitudinal projection (4) formed by the overhang of the intermediate blade, while the field opposite of the element reveals a longitudinal recess (8) of corresponding dimensions. 3 - Element according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the projecting edge forming a rib (4) and coming from said intermediate blade (3) has beveled angles (9,9 ') thus facilitating the penetration of the projection (4) thus formed in the receiving groove (8) of the adjacent element. 4 - Element according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom of the groove (8), opposite to said rib (4) is provided with a profile complementary to the projecting edge located on the opposite edge of the element and constituted by the protruding overhang of the in = ermediary blade. 5 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate blade (3) has on a long edge, corresponding to the edge of the element, a projecting profile of convex shape, the opposite edge of said blade comprising a concave profile of complementary sections. 6 - Element according to claim 5, characterized in that the convex projecting profile on the one hand and the re-entrant profile (located on the opposite edge) of the intermediate blade, have a cut of curved shape and in particular semi-circular. 7 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said respectively re-entrant and projecting profiles have an angular shape in section. 8 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the respectively re-entrant (8) and projecting (4) profiles coming from the intermediate blade occupy the entire corresponding side face of said blade, said side face having no wall or part of a wall situated in the plane of the edge of the neighboring strips (1) or (2). 9 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that 11 element comprises five blades including two outer blades (11) and (12), and two intermediate blades (13), (13 '), said intermediate blades comprising, on both edges, respectively re-entrant and projecting profiles, of complementary section and forming ribs and grooves, a central blade (1lui) separating the two intermediate blades (; 3) (13 '), the two blades external and the central blade being strictly of superimposed format. 10 - Element according to claim 9, characterized in that the ribs and grooves appearing respectively on the edges (15,17) of each element are extended at a transverse end by a groove thus extending to 900 the groove located on the neighboring edge while that on the other cross-sectional extremity (16) the element comprises a rib extending to 900 the rib situated on the edge opposite to the edge carrying the preceding groove. 11 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 1 ", characterized in that at least one of the blades cor ..? Daring the assembly itself consists of a succession in the same plane of wooden segments ( 19.19 ') assembled end to end by complementary notches (20), in a manner known per se. 12 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a blade constituting the outer and visible blade is made of noble wood with decorative property thus showing a floor of beautiful appearance. 13 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the visible outer blade comprises a coating provided in material with high mechanical resistance such as a resin film or a steel strip.