FR2611732A1 - Process for obtaining the biodegradability of disposable products made of plastic - Google Patents

Process for obtaining the biodegradability of disposable products made of plastic Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2611732A1
FR2611732A1 FR8802801A FR8802801A FR2611732A1 FR 2611732 A1 FR2611732 A1 FR 2611732A1 FR 8802801 A FR8802801 A FR 8802801A FR 8802801 A FR8802801 A FR 8802801A FR 2611732 A1 FR2611732 A1 FR 2611732A1
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France
Prior art keywords
phase
biodegradable
biodegradability
obtaining
products
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8802801A
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French (fr)
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FR2611732B3 (en
Inventor
Giorgio Bertolino
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Tecnocolor Sas Celebrano A C
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Tecnocolor Sas Celebrano A C
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Publication of FR2611732A1 publication Critical patent/FR2611732A1/en
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Publication of FR2611732B3 publication Critical patent/FR2611732B3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0033—Additives activating the degradation of the macromolecular compound
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

Process for obtaining the biodegradability of envelopes, receptacles, packaging sheets, rubbish bags, bags and sachets of various shapes and sizes, bottles, boxes and any other products made of thermoplastic matter of any kind, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, EVA, PBT, polystyrene and others, characterised in that the plastic employed for the manufacture of the various articles has added to it a filler of biodegradable organic products which, with time, cause the breaking up and the crumbling of the manufactured product.

Description

Procédé pour obtenir la biodégradabilité de produits jetables en matières plastiques.Process for obtaining the biodegradability of disposable plastic products.

On connait les graves inconvénients découlant de l'inaltérabilité dans le temps et de la résistance physique et mécanique des divers récipients non réutilisables, fabriqués en matières plastiques, qui, n'étant pas biodégradables, constituent l'une des graves causes actuelles de pollution terrestre, fluviale et marine.We know the serious disadvantages resulting from the unalterability over time and the physical and mechanical resistance of the various non-reusable containers, made of plastic materials, which, not being biodegradable, constitute one of the serious current causes of land pollution , river and marine.

Le but de l'invention est de procurer un procédé propre à rendre biodégradables, en des temps courts, les matières plastiques utilisées pour la fabrication de tous ces articles qui, tétant pas réutilisables, sont envoyés dans des décharges, enterrés, jetés ou abandonnés d'une façon quelconque en plein air, créant une cause de pollution pratiquement permanente.The object of the invention is to provide a process capable of making biodegradable, in short time, the plastics used for the manufacture of all these articles which, being non-reusable, are sent to landfills, buried, thrown away or abandoned in 'in any way in the open air, creating a practically permanent cause of pollution.

Ce but est atteint grâce au procédé selon l'invention, dans lequel on ajoute au matériau utilisé pour la fabrication de ces articles une charge de matériau biodégradable en un pourcentage pondéral tel qu'il ne compromette pas, dans des conditions ambiantes déterminées et pour une période de temps prédéterminée, les caractéristiques physiques et mécaniques requises pour l'utilisation efficace à laquelle l'objet est destiné, lequel, lorsqu'il est jeté, immergé dans l'eau ou abandonné de façon quelconque en plein air, expose sa fraction de composant dégradable à l'action des agents atmosphériques et des agents bactériologiques qui déterminent la destruction, par transformation physico-chimique, de cette fraction de charges biodégradables et, dans le même temps, l'altération des propriétés physiques et mécaniques et, par suite, la désaggrégation en fragments et la destruction de la partie restante en matière plastique, intimement mélangée et liée à la partie biodégradable.This object is achieved by the process according to the invention, in which a load of biodegradable material is added to the material used for the manufacture of these articles in a percentage by weight such that it does not compromise, under determined ambient conditions and for a predetermined period of time, the physical and mechanical characteristics required for the effective use for which the object is intended, which, when thrown, immersed in water or somehow left outdoors, exposes its fraction of component degradable to the action of atmospheric agents and bacteriological agents which determine the destruction, by physico-chemical transformation, of this fraction of biodegradable charges and, at the same time, the alteration of the physical and mechanical properties and, consequently, the disintegration into fragments and the destruction of the remaining plastic part, intimately mixed and linked to the biodegradable part.

Conformément au procédé, les composants utilisables comme charges biodégradables sont toutes les matières organiques qui présentent une compatibilité adéquate, la plus élevée possible, pour un mélange intime avec la matière plastique de base avec laquelle elles sont associées en des pourcentages de 3 à 50% et plus, en fonction à la fois de l'utilisation à laquelle est destiné le produit manufacturé et de la période de temps programmée pour sa destruction après qu'il a été jeté, abandonné en plein air, enterré ou immergé dans l'eau.In accordance with the process, the components which can be used as biodegradable fillers are all organic materials which have an adequate compatibility, the highest possible, for an intimate mixture with the basic plastic material with which they are associated in percentages of 3 to 50% and more, depending on both the use for which the manufactured product is intended and the time period programmed for its destruction after it has been thrown, abandoned in the open air, buried or immersed in water.

La liste ci-après indique les matériaux biodégradables qui peuvent de préférence, mais non exclusivement, être associés aux matières plastiques pour les rendre destructibles, d'après des expériences pratiques qui ont été effectuées. Les pourcentages sont donnés en poids - fécule de pomme de terre 10 - 30% - caséinés 10 - 30% - amidons 10 - 50% - gélatines animales et végétales 10 - 30% - gomme de copal 15 - 35% - levures 5 - 30% - protéines diverses 3 - 20% - glucose 5 - 30% - sucres 5 - 30% - détergents en général 10 - 35%
La liste ci-dessus est relative à des composants qui ont été expérimentés avec succès, mais n'est en aucune façon limitative du fait que tout produit biodégradable, pourvu qu'il soit compatible avec la matière thermoplastique de base, est utilisable dans le but fixé ci-dessus.The list below indicates the biodegradable materials which can preferably, but not exclusively, be combined with plastics to make them destructible, according to practical experiments which have been carried out. The percentages are given by weight - potato starch 10 - 30% - casein 10 - 30% - starches 10 - 50% - animal and vegetable gelatins 10 - 30% - copal gum 15 - 35% - yeasts 5 - 30 % - various proteins 3 - 20% - glucose 5 - 30% - sugars 5 - 30% - detergents in general 10 - 35%
The above list relates to components which have been successfully tested, but is in no way limiting since any biodegradable product, provided that it is compatible with the basic thermoplastic material, can be used for the purpose fixed above.

Les matières thermoplastiques qui ont été expérimentées avec succès en association avec les charges biodégradables ci-dessus sont principalement les suivants - polyéthylène, - PBT, - polypropylène - copolymère ethylène-acétate de vinyle, - chlorure de polyvinyle, - polystyrène.The thermoplastics which have been successfully tested in association with the above biodegradable fillers are mainly the following - polyethylene, - PBT, - polypropylene - ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, - polyvinyl chloride, - polystyrene.

De toutes façons, peut convenir toute matière thermoplastique présentant des caractéristiques d'associabilité à des produits biodégradables.In any case, any thermoplastic material having characteristics of associability with biodegradable products may be suitable.

Le procédé est en outre défini par un cycle de préparation du matériau choisi comme charge, dont les phases principales sont les suivantes - première phase : réduction du matériau en poudre très fine, s'il n'est pas normalement dans cet état; - deuxième phase : déshydratation sous vide; - troisième phase : dispersion - homogénéisation et revêtement, dans un turbo-mélangeur, avec adjonction de dispersants, de lubrifiants et d'agents de pontage; - quatrième phase : traitement de concentration à pourcentage élevé (60-70%) sur une résine de base compatible; - cinquième phase : extrusion et granulation.The process is further defined by a cycle for preparing the material chosen as filler, the main phases of which are as follows - first phase: reduction of the material into very fine powder, if it is not normally in this state; - second phase: dehydration under vacuum; - third phase: dispersion - homogenization and coating, in a turbo-mixer, with the addition of dispersants, lubricants and bridging agents; - fourth phase: high percentage concentration treatment (60-70%) on a compatible base resin; - fifth phase: extrusion and granulation.

On obtient ainsi un produit concentré prédispersé dans une résine, en mesure d'être mélangé aux granulés de moulage, de soufflage ou de formation de film, pour la fabrication de produits manufacturés qui, dans des conditions d'ambiance déterminées, subiront un processus d'attaque bactériologique qui conduira en un temps bref à la fragmentation et à la destruction de ces produits.A concentrated product predispersed in a resin is thus obtained, capable of being mixed with the molding, blowing or film-forming granules, for the manufacture of manufactured products which, under determined ambient conditions, will undergo a process of bacteriological attack which will lead in a short time to the fragmentation and destruction of these products.

Conformément au procédé, il est clair qu'en augmentant le pourcentage des matériaux biodégradables, les caractéristiques physiques et mécaniques des produits manufacturés diminuent et le temps nécessaire pour leur dégradation est raccourci. According to the process, it is clear that by increasing the percentage of biodegradable materials, the physical and mechanical characteristics of manufactured products decrease and the time required for their degradation is shortened.

On a également établi expérimentalement que si on n'effectue pas la dispersion dans la résine et qu'au contraire on mélange directement les produits organiques pulvérulents avec le granulé de base pour le moulage ou le soufflage, on obtient des résultats insuffisamment constants en ce qui concerne l'uniformité du mélange, la différence de forme physique entre les granulés et la poudre des composants donnant lieu à des accumulations de produits séparés et à des zones de concentration des deux constituants dans le produit manufacturé dont les caractéristiques physiques et mécaniques sont par conséquent altérées.It has also been established experimentally that if the dispersion in the resin is not carried out and, on the contrary, the organic pulverulent products are mixed directly with the basic granule for molding or blowing, results which are insufficiently constant with regard to concerns the uniformity of the mixture, the difference in physical form between the granules and the powder of the components giving rise to accumulations of separate products and to zones of concentration of the two constituents in the manufactured product, the physical and mechanical characteristics of which are consequently altered.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple décrit, et est susceptible au contraire d'améliorations et de variantes résultant en particulier des exigences d'application pratique, en conservant le concept de la production de produits manufacturés en général, non destinés à être réutilisés, en résines thermoplastiques mélangées à des pourcentages appropriés de produits biodégradables en vue de provoquer leur destruction par voie biologique. The invention is not limited to the example described, and is on the contrary capable of improvements and variants resulting in particular from the requirements of practical application, while retaining the concept of the production of manufactured products in general, not intended to be reused, in thermoplastic resins mixed with appropriate percentages of biodegradable products with a view to causing their destruction by biological means.

Claims (3)

Revendications.Claims. 1. Procédé pour obtenir la biodégradibilité de produits manufacturés non réutilisables fabriqués en matières thermoplastiques, caractérisé en ce que, sans altérer sensiblement les caractéristiques mécaniques des produits manufacturés, on ajoute à la matière thermoplastique utilisée pour leur fabrication une charge de produits biodégradables dont le pourcentage en poids varie de 5% à 60% et plus, afin de permettre la dégradabilité du composant-charge et par suite le fractionnement et la destruction du produit manufacturé lorsqu'il est exposé aux agents atmosphériques, ou bien enterré ou immergé dans l'eau.1. Method for obtaining the biodegradability of non-reusable manufactured products made of thermoplastic materials, characterized in that, without appreciably altering the mechanical characteristics of the manufactured products, a load of biodegradable products is added to the thermoplastic material used for their manufacture, the percentage of which in weight varies from 5% to 60% and more, in order to allow the degradability of the load component and consequently the fractionation and destruction of the manufactured product when it is exposed to atmospheric agents, or buried or immersed in water . 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend cinq phases de travail - première phase : transformation du matériau de charge en poudre; - deuxième phase : déshydratation; - troisième phase : dispersion, homogénéisation et revêtement des poudres; - quatrième phase : traitement de concentration sur base de résine compatible; - cinquième phase : extrusion et granulation.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises five working phases - first phase: transformation of the filler material into powder; - second phase: dehydration; - third phase: dispersion, homogenization and coating of powders; - fourth phase: concentration treatment based on compatible resin; - fifth phase: extrusion and granulation. 3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les charges biodégradables sont applicables à tout type de résine thermoplastique. 3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the biodegradable fillers are applicable to any type of thermoplastic resin.
FR8802801A 1987-03-06 1988-03-04 PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THE BIODEGRADABILITY OF DISPOSABLE PLASTIC MATERIALS Expired FR2611732B3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT6716187A IT1207373B (en) 1987-03-06 1987-03-06 PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN THE DEGRA BIOLOGICAL DABILITY OF NON-RE-USABLE MANUFACTURES MANUFACTURED WITH THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS

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FR2611732A1 true FR2611732A1 (en) 1988-09-09
FR2611732B3 FR2611732B3 (en) 1989-10-06

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0471306A2 (en) * 1990-08-11 1992-02-19 Werner Georg Munk Biodegradable container, method for its manufacture and use
DE4033116A1 (en) * 1990-10-18 1992-04-23 Inst Priloschna Mineralogia Ba Fire-resistant polymer materials for high-temp. applications - contain high- or low-pressure polyethylene@, polypropylene@ or polystyrene, with dried water-glass and/or dried lignin and/or zeolite
US5165535A (en) * 1991-01-25 1992-11-24 G.D. S.P.A. Cigarette packet of high biodegradability
DE4242175A1 (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-06-16 Dusan Kopriva Rapidly bio-degradable utility article - formed of moulded mixt. of inorganic and organic components
US6626313B2 (en) * 2000-06-07 2003-09-30 Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Container for delivery of ichneumon flies and method of agricultural pest control using same
FR2871166A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-09 Creca Sa BIODEGRADABLE THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0471306A2 (en) * 1990-08-11 1992-02-19 Werner Georg Munk Biodegradable container, method for its manufacture and use
EP0471306A3 (en) * 1990-08-11 1992-03-18 Werner Georg Munk Biodegradable container, method for its manufacture and use
DE4033116A1 (en) * 1990-10-18 1992-04-23 Inst Priloschna Mineralogia Ba Fire-resistant polymer materials for high-temp. applications - contain high- or low-pressure polyethylene@, polypropylene@ or polystyrene, with dried water-glass and/or dried lignin and/or zeolite
US5165535A (en) * 1991-01-25 1992-11-24 G.D. S.P.A. Cigarette packet of high biodegradability
DE4242175A1 (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-06-16 Dusan Kopriva Rapidly bio-degradable utility article - formed of moulded mixt. of inorganic and organic components
US6626313B2 (en) * 2000-06-07 2003-09-30 Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Container for delivery of ichneumon flies and method of agricultural pest control using same
FR2871166A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-09 Creca Sa BIODEGRADABLE THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME
WO2006003280A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2006-01-12 C.R.E.C.A. Biodegradable thermoplastic composition and method for the preparation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2611732B3 (en) 1989-10-06
IT8767161A0 (en) 1987-03-06
IT1207373B (en) 1989-05-17

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