FR2596237A1

FR2596237A1 - Machine for planting on a layer and on plastic

Info

Publication number: FR2596237A1
Application number: FR8604494A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: CHERUEL ANDRE
Current assignee: CHERUEL ANDRE
Priority date: 1986-03-26
Filing date: 1986-03-26
Publication date: 1987-10-02
Also published as: FR2596237B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device making it possible to shape the layer by means of its compacting roller 4. Opens up the soil by means of its front discs 3 and its coulters 11. Perforates the plastic by electricity or by gas. Unrolls the plastic and plants the seedling by means of its planting roller 17. Returns the soil onto the seedling by means of its rakes 30. Compacts the seedling by means of its compacting wheels 20. The front discs open a furrow, in which the stretching wheels 22 bond the plastic to the bottom so as to be covered with soil by the rear discs. The machine is stabilised on the layer by its discs 6. It is coupled to any tractor. The device according to the invention is intended especially for planting young seedlings, such as strawberry plants, aromatic tobacco, pimentos, tomatoes, melons, etc., by root or in a ball.

Description

La présente invention concerne une machine à planter sur couches et sur plastique. The present invention relates to a machine for planting on layers and on plastic.

Cette machine déroule le plastique, le perfore et plante petits plans et mottes, c'est à dire tomates, aubergines, fraises, melons, etc... This machine unrolls plastic, perforates it and plants small plans and clods, i.e. tomatoes, eggplants, strawberries, melons, etc ...

Cette planteuse comporte un rouleau avant qui entraine le rouleau planteur, lequel déroule le plastique et entraine la perforation, le tout étant entrainé par chaîne. This planter has a front roller which drives the planter roller, which unrolls the plastic and causes the perforation, the whole being driven by chain.

Pour la plantation, sur le rouleau avant, existent deux disques qui ont pour but d'ouvrir la terre et de stabiliser la machine sur la couche. L'ouverture de terre est suivie d'un soc dans lequel arrive la pince porte-plants dont l'ou- verture se libère à la verticale de façon à ce que le plant soit planté les racines droites, ce qui est le but recherché
Ces socs sont munis de petites raclettes pour ramener le manque de terre sur le plant ; ces raclettes étant sous le plastique.For planting, on the front roller, there are two discs which aim to open the earth and stabilize the machine on the bed. The earth opening is followed by a ploughshare into which the plant-holding pliers arrive, the opening of which is released vertically so that the plant is planted with the roots straight, which is the aim sought
These plowshares are fitted with small squeegees to reduce the lack of soil on the plant; these squeegees being under the plastic.

Sur le plastique, derrière ces raclettes, une roue tasseuse de chaque côté de la plante. Ces roues tasseuses sont orientables et réglables en pression, de façon à pouvoir travaillet sur tous les terrains. On the plastic, behind these squeegees, a compacting wheel on each side of the plant. These compacting wheels are adjustable and adjustable in pressure, so that they can work on all terrains.

Le déroulage du plastique s'effectue par ltavancement de la machine à lavant de laquelle est fixé, de chaque coté un disque d'ouverture. The unwinding of the plastic is carried out by advancing the front machine to which an opening disc is attached on each side.

Le plastique est plaqué au sol par le rouleau planteur sur lequel 2 petites roues caoutchoutées lXempêchent de glisser. The plastic is pressed onto the ground by the planter roller on which 2 small rubberized wheels prevent it from sliding.

Dans la saignée faite par le disque ouvreur, derrière le rouleau planteur arrive une roue tasseuse plastique. In the groove made by the opening disc, behind the planter roller comes a plastic compacting wheel.

Derrière cette roue arrive le disque arrière qui effectue le rapport de terre enlevée par le disque avant.Behind this wheel comes the rear disc which carries out the ratio of soil removed by the front disc.

La perforation est synchronisée avec le rouleau planteur, lui-même synchronisé avec le rouleau tasseur c'est à dire le rouleau avant. The perforation is synchronized with the planting roller, itself synchronized with the compacting roller, that is to say the front roller.

La machine est attelée à un tracteur par un attelage trois points traditionnel soudé à un bati rectangulaire de 1680 x 2050 réalisé en tube rectangulaire de 80 x 40 x 5, l'intérieur de ce cadre étant de 1600 x 2010. The machine is coupled to a tractor by a traditional three-point hitch welded to a rectangular frame of 1680 x 2050 made of rectangular tube of 80 x 40 x 5, the interior of this frame being 1600 x 2010.

A l'avant du bâti sont fixés, sur bride réglable en largeur, deux vérins mécaniques supportant chacun 1 disque d'ouverture de façon à obtenir une saignée de la profondeur désirée pour enterrer le film plastique. At the front of the frame are fixed, on a flange adjustable in width, two mechanical cylinders each supporting 1 opening disc so as to obtain a groove of the desired depth to bury the plastic film.

Le rouleau avant de largeur 1200 est composé de 3 parties : le centre, un cylindre de 230 sur lequel on soude de chaque côté un cône de # 230 x 300 et d1une lontueur de 300. Sur la partie cylindrique sont soudées des cornières de 20 qui servent de crampons, ce qui facilite l'entraînement. Ce rouleau est fixé par un axe de 40 à un bti mobile monté sur charnières sur le bZti à l'avant de la machine. Derrière ce bati est fixé un vérin hydraulique qui sert au réglage de la profondeur.A 20 cm de l'axe du rouleau, c'est à dire à 40 cm d'intervalle, sont soudées sur le rouleau, 2 disques en acier de # 500 g sur ces lames d'acier, à 7 cm de l'extrémité est soudé, de chaque côté, i tôle d'acier formant un cbne qui vient rejoindre le cylindre de façon à former une base de 70 mm. Ce disque sert à la fois de stabilisateur et d'ouverture de terre. The front roller of width 1200 is composed of 3 parts: the center, a cylinder of 230 on which is welded on each side a cone of # 230 x 300 and a length of 300. On the cylindrical part are welded angles of 20 which serve as crampons, which facilitates training. This roller is fixed by an axis of 40 to a mobile molding mounted on hinges on the bZti at the front of the machine. Behind this frame is fixed a hydraulic cylinder which is used to adjust the depth. 20 cm from the axis of the roller, i.e. 40 cm apart, are welded to the roller, 2 steel discs of # 500 g on these steel blades, 7 cm from the end is welded, on each side, i steel sheet forming a cable which joins the cylinder so as to form a base of 70 mm. This disc serves both as a stabilizer and as a ground opening.

Sur l'axe du rouleau qui est fixé sur son bati mobile par 2 roulements, est fixé 1 pignon à chaîne qui entraîne le rouleau planteur. Le diamètre du centre de ce rouleau est de 230 + 2 cornières de 20, ce qui donner 290.On the axis of the roller which is fixed on its movable frame by 2 bearings, is fixed 1 chain pinion which drives the planter roller. The diameter of the center of this roll is 230 + 2 angles of 20, which gives 290.

Le rouleau planteur est de diamètre de 380, ce qui donne un rapport de pignon de 1/2, c'est à dire 18 dents pour 36 dents. The planter roller has a diameter of 380, which gives a gear ratio of 1/2, i.e. 18 teeth for 36 teeth.

Le rouleau planteur est composé de 3 cylindres A, B, C de 380. Deux cylindres A et C de 4So de longueur aux extré- mités et le cylindre B de 300 de longueur au centre, avec, entre le rouleau central et les rouleaux d'extrémité un espace de 100 où sont fixées des pinces de plantation, ce qui permet de planter des plants déjà développés, les feuilles pouvant passer largement dans le rouleau, ce qui donne au rouleau une largeur totale de 1400. The planter roller is composed of 3 cylinders A, B, C of 380. Two cylinders A and C of 4So in length at the ends and cylinder B of 300 in length in the center, with, between the central roller and the rollers d 'end a space of 100 where planting clips are fixed, which allows to plant already developed plants, the leaves can pass widely in the roller, which gives the roller a total width of 1400.

Ces rouleaux sont montés sur un axe de 40 qui, lui, reste fixe sur le bâti. Chaque cylindre a un axe tubualire dans lequel, à chaque extrémité, est fixé un roulement à billes, ces roulements coulissant sur l'axe de # 40. A chaque extrémité du rouleau, il y a une bague d'arrêt. These rollers are mounted on an axis of 40 which, itself, remains fixed on the frame. Each cylinder has a tubular axis in which, at each end, is fixed a ball bearing, these bearings sliding on the axis of # 40. At each end of the roller, there is a stop ring.

Le cylindre de longueur 300 est relié aux 450 par des entretoises qui servent en méme temps à la fixation des étoiles porte-pinces. The cylinder of length 300 is connected to the 450 by spacers which are used at the same time for fixing the clip-holding stars.

Sur l'axe de 40 est fixée une came d'ouverture de pinces, la fermeture se faisant par pression manuelle lors de la mise en place du plant. On the 40 axis is fixed a clamp opening cam, the closing being done by manual pressure during the establishment of the plant.

A chaque extrémité du rouleau est fixé un pignon den- trainement, du côté gauche le pignon de 36 dents, du côté droit un pignon do 60 dents servant à lentraînement du rouleau perforateur. At each end of the roller is fixed a drive pinion, on the left side the pinion of 36 teeth, on the right side a pinion of 60 teeth used for driving the perforating roller.

Le rouleau 3 cylindres sert uniquement à la plantation sur 2 rangs. The 3-cylinder roller is only used for planting in 2 rows.

Pour toute plantation sur un rang, on remplace le rouleau 3 cylindres par un rouleau à 2 cylindres de 650, ce qui donne une plantation au centre de la couche. For any planting on a row, the 3-cylinder roller is replaced by a 2-cylinder roller of 650, which gives a planting in the center of the layer.

Le rouleau perforateur est composé d'un tube de 42 sur lequel est perforé, au centre, un trou de 14 ainsi qu'à 20 cm de chaque côté mais à l'opposé ltun de l'autre dans lesquels viennent se fixer les formes de découpage du plastique. Le trou central du rouleau sert pour la plantation à 1 rang et les 2 autres se trouvant à 400 d'intervalle pour la plantation à 2 rangs. The perforating roller is composed of a tube of 42 on which is perforated, in the center, a hole of 14 as well as 20 cm on each side but opposite to each other in which are fixed the shapes of cutting plastic. The central hole of the roller is used for 1-row planting and the other 2 are 400 intervals apart for 2-row planting.

Les formes cylindriques sont en aluminium d'un diamètre de 80 sur 30 de hauteur, sur lequel est tourné un chanfrain pour permettre une coupe nette. The cylindrical shapes are made of aluminum with a diameter of 80 by 30 in height, on which a chamfer is turned to allow a clean cut.

Cette forme en aluminium est fixée à une rondelle de tôle entre laquelle un isolement en amiante est introduit pour éviter la déperdition de chaleur ainsi que sur le bord. This aluminum shape is fixed to a sheet washer between which an asbestos insulation is introduced to prevent heat loss as well as on the edge.

La hauteur de ces formes est réglable de façon à avoir une correction de distance de perforation.The height of these forms is adjustable so as to have a puncture distance correction.

Ce rouleau perforateur est entraîné par pignon à chaîne interchangeable de façon à obtenir des distance de plantation différentes. This perforating roller is driven by an interchangeable chain sprocket so as to obtain different planting distances.

L'alimentation en électricité 12 V 15 AMP est assurée par des bagues en bronze dans lesquelles est introduit un comprimé servant d'électrodes de passage de courant. The 12 V 15 AMP electricity supply is provided by bronze rings in which a tablet is used serving as current flow electrodes.

Le + est relié à la batterie du tracteur, le - à la masse.The + is connected to the tractor battery, the - to earth.

Ces bagues en bronze sont emboitées à la presse dans une bague de téflon servant d'isolant. A l'extrémité de la bague en bronze est fixé, par une vis, le fil + d'alimentation des bougies chauffantes, le - est alimenté à l'autre extrémité de la meme façon mais sans téflon, ce qui permet le passage de - par le tube. Ce rouleau est monté sur roulement à bille
Les socs sont fixés sur une barre carrée de 50x50x5 transversale sur brides réglages de façon à supprimer un soc et ramener l'autre au centre pour la plantation à 1 rang.These bronze rings are fitted to the press in a Teflon ring used as insulation. At the end of the bronze ring is fixed, by a screw, the wire + for supplying the heating candles, the - is supplied at the other end in the same way but without Teflon, which allows the passage of - through the tube. This roller is mounted on ball bearings
The plowshares are fixed on a 50x50x5 transverse square bar on adjustable flanges so as to remove one share and bring the other back to the center for planting in 1 row.

Sur cette barre est fixé, par bride, le vérin de réglage du rouleau tasseur et les supports des raclettes rapporteuses de terre
A l'arrière des roues tasseuses plastique se trouve un disque bombé de 400, dont la hauteur et la profondeur sont commandées par des vérins hydrauliques de façon à couvrir le plastique de terre en quantité suffisante. Ces vérins servent également au démarage de la plantation en bout de couches.On this bar is fixed, by flange, the ram of adjustment of the compacting roller and the supports of the soil scraper
At the rear of the plastic tamper wheels is a curved disc of 400, the height and depth of which are controlled by hydraulic cylinders so as to cover the plastic with sufficient soil. These jacks are also used to start planting at the end of the layers.

Ces vérins sont commandés indépendament de façon à pouvoir travailier dans des terrains inclinés. These jacks are controlled independently so that they can work in inclined terrain.

Le rouleau plastique est fixé à l'avant de la machine au-dessus du rouleau tasseur par 2 cônes montés sur roulements à billes. Un de ces cônes est fixe, l'autre réglable de façon à pouvoir fixer le rouleau plastique de 1400 de large. The plastic roller is fixed to the front of the machine above the compacting roller by 2 cones mounted on ball bearings. One of these cones is fixed, the other adjustable so that the 1400 wide plastic roll can be fixed.

Les supports de roues tasseuses de plant sont fixés par bride réglable sur une barre transversale située entre le rouleau planteur et la barre transversale arrière sur laquelle sont fixés les supports de roues tasseuses plastique. The plant tamper wheel supports are fixed by an adjustable strap on a crossbar located between the planter roller and the rear crossbar on which the plastic tamper wheel supports are fixed.

Le siège est fixé entre ces deux barres. The seat is fixed between these two bars.

Cette machine est équipée de 2 systèmes d'alimentation de chauffe de formes de perforation, la 1père électrique, la 2ème au gaz Butane. Il existe des tracteurs qui ne sont pas équipés d'alternateur. This machine is equipped with 2 heating power supply systems for perforation forms, the 1st electric, the 2nd with Butane gas. There are tractors that do not have an alternator.

Le support de pince à planter est constitué d'un disque en tôle de 4 mm d'épaisseur dcun diamètre extérieur'de 500 et intérieur de 100 perforé en haut et en bas de façon à recevoir les glissières (122) sur lesquelles sont fixées les platines (118) porte-pinces montées de 4 à 8 selon les besoins. Pour la plantation, les platines se fixent avec 2 boulons dans les glissières (122). Le disque étant lui fixé entre les rouleaux
A & B et B & C par des entretoises qui servent également à maintenir l'écartement de 100 mm entre ces cylindres.The clamp holder to be planted consists of a sheet metal disc 4 mm thick with an outside diameter of 500 and an inside diameter of 100 perforated at the top and bottom so as to receive the slides (122) on which the plates (118) clamp holders mounted from 4 to 8 as required. For planting, the plates are fixed with 2 bolts in the slides (122). The disc being fixed between the rollers
A & B and B & C by spacers which also serve to maintain the spacing of 100 mm between these cylinders.

Pour la perforation de 6 et 8 pinces, il est nécessaire de monter 4 formes de découpes de plastique de façon à obtent le vitesse de perforation égale à la vitesse de déroulage de plastique. For the perforation of 6 and 8 pliers, it is necessary to mount 4 forms of plastic cutouts so as to obtain the perforation speed equal to the plastic unwinding speed.

La Figure 1 représente en coupe, le dispositif selon l'invention. Figure 1 shows in section, the device according to the invention.

La Figure 2A représente an coupe le dispositif avant de l'invention 3 la figure 2B soc, la Figure 2C Raclette. Figure 2A shows in section the front device of the invention 3 Figure 2B soc, Figure 2C Squeegee.

La Figure 3 représente an coupe le dispositif côté gauche selon l'invention. Figure 3 shows in section the left side device according to the invention.

La Figure 4A représente en coupe le dispositif de per- foration électrique, la Figure 4B représente le dispositif de passage de courant + Positif. La Figure 4C représente le dispositif de passage de courant - Négatif. La Figure 4D représente an coupe une ferme de perforation électrique. Figure 4A shows in section the electric perforation device, Figure 4B shows the current + positive passage device. Figure 4C shows the current flow device - Negative. Figure 4D shows in section an electric perforation farm.

La Figure 3A représente, an coupe, le dispositif-d'orien tation des roues tasseuses plant, la Figure 5B représente le système de réglage de pression du tassage de terre et de fixation. FIG. 3A represents, in section, the device for orienting the compacting wheels planted, FIG. 5B represents the system for adjusting the pressure of the soil compaction and fixing.

La Figure 3C représente en coupe le dispositif de fixer tion et de réglage de pression et d'orientation des roues tasseuses de plastique. La Figure 3D représente, en coupe, le dispositif d'une des roulettes guide plastique. Figure 3C shows in section the device for fixing tion and pressure and orientation adjustment of the plastic packing wheels. Figure 3D shows, in section, the device of one of the plastic guide rollers.

La Figure 6A représente, en coupe, le dispositif de fixation des vérins arrière, la Figure 6B l'ensemble vérins disques. Figure 6A shows, in section, the device for fixing the rear jacks, Figure 6B the disc jacks assembly.

La Figure 6C et la Figure 6D représentent les supports du rouleau plastique. Figure 6C and Figure 6D show the plastic roll supports.

La Figure 7A représente en coupe l'ensemble du rouleau planteur, la Figure 7B le montage sur l'axe des rouleaux A,
B et C.FIG. 7A represents in section the whole of the planting roller, FIG. 7B the mounting on the axis of the rollers A,
B and C.

La Figure 8 Représente les 3 cylindres A, B,C du rouleau planteur. Figure 8 shows the 3 cylinders A, B, C of the planter roller.

La Figure 9A représente le système de perforation gaz, la Figure 9B l'alimentation en taz, la Figure 9C le montage du système de perforation, la Figure 9D la forme de découpage. Figure 9A represents the gas perforation system, Figure 9B the fuel supply, Figure 9C the mounting of the perforation system, Figure 9D the cutting form.

La Figure 10A représente le disque porte pince, la
Figure 10B la platine, la Figure 10C la pince, la Figure 10D la contre-pince, la Figure 10E came.Figure 10A shows the clamp holder disc, the
Figure 10B the plate, Figure 10C the clamp, Figure 10D the counter clamp, Figure 10E cam.

La Figure 11 représente, en coupe, le coté droit de l'invention. Figure 11 shows, in section, the right side of the invention.

Le dispositif représenté par la Figure 1 comporte un attelage (1), un chassis (2), deux disques bombés de 350 d'ouverture (3), un rouleau tasseur (4), un rouleau plastique (5), deux disques traceurs (6), un support rouleau plastique (7), un vérin de réglage de hauteur de rouleau tasseur (8), deux supports de socs (9), un support vérin et guide goutte à goutte (10), deux socs (11), un guide plastique (12), un rouleau support perforateur (13), un guide plastique (14), une chaîne d'entraînement du rouleau perforateur (in), une chaîne d'entraînement du rouleau planteur (16), un rouleau planteur (17), pince à planter (18), étoile support de pince à planter (in), roue tasseuse plant (20), support de roue tasseuse plant (21), roue tasseue plasti- que (22!, support roue tasseuse plastique (23), siège (24), disque de fermeture (25), vérin de réglage de hauteur de disque de fermeture (26), perforateur (27), système de passage de courant (28), vérin disque avant (29), support réglage fixation rouleau plastique (35), roulette guide plastique (47), barre transversale support soc et vérin (99) barre transversale support roues tasseuses plant et siège (100), support transversal roues tasseuses plastique et siège (ion). The device represented by FIG. 1 comprises a coupling (1), a chassis (2), two domed disks with an opening 350 (3), a compacting roller (4), a plastic roller (5), two tracer discs ( 6), a plastic roller support (7), a ram for adjusting the height of the compacting roller (8), two coulter supports (9), a cylinder support and drip guide (10), two coulters (11), a plastic guide (12), a perforating support roller (13), a plastic guide (14), a driving chain of the perforating roller (in), a driving chain of the planting roller (16), a planting roller ( 17), planting pliers (18), star planting pliers support (in), plant compacting wheel (20), plant compacting wheel support (21), plastic compacting wheel (22 !, plastic compacting wheel support ( 23), seat (24), closing disc (25), closing disc height adjustment cylinder (26), perforator (27), current flow system (28), front disc cylinder (29), support red fixing adjustment plastic water (35), plastic guide wheel (47), cross bar share ploughshare and jack (99) cross bar support compacting wheels plant and seat (100), transverse support plastic packing wheels and seat (ion).

La Figure 2 représente les dispositifs : attelage (1), disque d'ouverture (3), rouleau tasseur (4), disque traceur (6), support rouleau plastique (7), vérin de réglage de hauteur de rouleau tasseur (8), support de soc (9), soc ( vérin disque avant (29), raclette (30), guide goutte à goutte (31), support rouleau tasseur (32), pignon à chaîne d'entraînement (33), crampon (34), support réglable fixation rouleau plastique (35), distributeur hydraulique (36), raccord rapide (37), conduite hydraulique (38), barre transer- sale support soc et vérin (99), support de raclette (102). Figure 2 shows the devices: coupling (1), opening disc (3), compacting roller (4), tracer disc (6), plastic roller support (7), compacting roller height adjustment cylinder (8) , coulter support (9), coulter (front disc cylinder (29), squeegee (30), drip guide (31), tamper roller support (32), drive chain sprocket (33), crampon (34 ), adjustable support for fixing plastic roller (35), hydraulic distributor (36), quick coupling (37), hydraulic line (38), transverse bar, ploughshare and jack support (99), squeegee support (102).

La Figure 3 représente les dispositifs de la machine côté gauche : attelage (1), chassis (2), disque d'ouverture (3), rouleau tasseur (4), rouleau plastique (5!, disque traceur (6), support de soc (9), soc (11), guide plastique (12) et (14), rouleau planteur (17), roue tasseuse plant (20), roue tasseuse plastique (22), siège (24), disque de fermeture (25), vérin de réglage de hauteur de disque ce ferme ture (26), vérin disque avant (29), raclette (30), conduite hydraulique (38), volant de réglage du cône de fixation du rouleau plastique (42), chaîne d'entraînement (67), platine support rouleau planteur 63), pignon d'entraînement du rouleau planteur (66), platine support rouleau plastique(68) platine support soc et vérin 8 (69), support guides 12 & 4 (70), platine support perforateur (71), film plastique (72), barre transversale support soc et vérin (99), barre trans versale support roues tasseuses plant et siège (100), support transversal roues tasseuses plastique et siège (101), platine support rouleau plastique (104). Figure 3 shows the machine devices on the left side: hitch (1), chassis (2), opening disc (3), compacting roller (4), plastic roller (5 !, tracer disc (6), support coulter (9), coulter (11), plastic guide (12) and (14), planter roller (17), plant compacting wheel (20), plastic compacting wheel (22), seat (24), closing disc (25 ), disc height adjustment cylinder this closures (26), front disc cylinder (29), squeegee (30), hydraulic line (38), flywheel for adjusting the plastic roller fixing cone (42), chain d drive (67), planter roller support plate 63), planter roller drive pinion (66), plastic roller support plate (68) ploughshare and cylinder support plate 8 (69), guides support 12 & 4 (70), perforator support plate (71), plastic film (72), plowshare and cylinder support crossbar (99), transverse support wheel for plant cleaver wheels and seat (100), transverse support for plastic packer wheels and seat (101), flat ine plastic roller support (104).

La Figure 4 représente le système de perforation rouleau support perforateur (13), perforateur (27), platine support perforateur (71), roulement à bille (83), électrode+ (84), support isolant (83), bague en téflon (87), bague en téflon (88), tube (89), résistance (90), protection amiante (91), plaque de fixation (92), vis de réglage de hauteur(93), plaque de fixation (94), trou d'encastrement de la résistance (95) bague en bronze (96), électrode - (97), pignon d'entraînement rouleau perforateur (98). Figure 4 shows the perforation system perforator support roller (13), perforator (27), perforator support plate (71), ball bearing (83), electrode + (84), insulating support (83), teflon ring (87 ), Teflon ring (88), tube (89), resistance (90), asbestos protection (91), fixing plate (92), height adjustment screw (93), fixing plate (94), hole d mounting of the resistor (95) bronze ring (96), electrode - (97), perforating roller drive pinion (98).

La Figure 3 représente le détail des supports roues tasseuses plant : roue caoutchoutée 200 tasseuse plant (20) support de roue tasseuse plant (21), platine réglage d'inclinaison de roue tasseuses plant (46), roulette guide plastique (47), support roue tasseuse plant acier comprimé # 25 (48), ressort de pression (49), écreu de réglage (50), tige filetée # 16 (51), étrier de fixation sur barre transversale (32), rotule (35), arrêt de ressort (34), étrier de fixa- tion sur b & i roue tasseuse plastique (33), manchon d'orien- tation de roue tasseuse plastique (36), support de roue tasseuse plastique (37), ressort de pression (58), arrêt de ressort (39), écrou de réglage (60!, tige filetée 18 (61), comptimé d 30 (62), comprimé 20 (63), support guide plastique (64), ressort de tension guide plastique (103). Figure 3 shows the detail of the plant compacting wheel supports: rubberized 200 compacting planter wheel (20) plant compacting wheel support (21), plant compacting wheel tilt adjustment plate (46), plastic guide roller (47), support compressed steel planter wheel # 25 (48), pressure spring (49), adjusting nut (50), threaded rod # 16 (51), fixing bracket on crossbar (32), ball joint (35), stop spring (34), mounting bracket on b & i plastic packing wheel (33), plastic packing wheel guide sleeve (36), plastic packing wheel support (37), pressure spring (58) , spring stop (39), adjusting nut (60 !, threaded rod 18 (61), counter 30 (62), compressed 20 (63), plastic guide support (64), plastic guide tension spring (103) .

La Figure 6 représente le détail vérin arrière : disque de fermeture (23), vérin de réglage de hauteur de disque de fermeture (26), vérin disque avant (29), disque de réglage (39), platine fixation vérin (40), carré dtacier # 40 (41), volant de réglage (42) ;
Détail fixation rouleau plastique : platine support rouleau plastique (104), volant de réglage (42), écrou de blocage (43), roulement (44), douille (45), tige filetée 20 (105), écrou soudé (106), écrou 20 (107), cône support rouleau plastique (7).Figure 6 shows the rear cylinder detail: closing disc (23), closing disc height adjusting cylinder (26), front disc cylinder (29), adjusting disc (39), cylinder fixing plate (40), steel square # 40 (41), adjustment wheel (42);
Plastic roller fixing detail: plastic roller support plate (104), adjustment wheel (42), locking nut (43), bearing (44), sleeve (45), threaded rod 20 (105), welded nut (106), nut 20 (107), plastic roller support cone (7).

Les figures 7 et 8 représentent les détails du rouleau planteur : cylindre de 450 (17 A), cylindre de 300 (17 B), cylindre de 450 (17 C) sur 8 580. Les pinces à planter (18), sont montées en étoile sur un disque en tôle de 4 mm (19) intercalées entre les rouleaux A & B et B C. Les deux extrémités des rouleaux sont fermées avec des tôles de 4 mm où viennent se fixer des appliques à roulement (77), arbre comprimé de 40 (121), tube de support (82), roulements (78), rayon (81), entretoises (79), came de commande d'ouverture de pince (74) qui reste fixe sur l'arbre de 40 (121). Figures 7 and 8 show the details of the planting roller: cylinder of 450 (17 A), cylinder of 300 (17 B), cylinder of 450 (17 C) on 8,580. The planting clamps (18), are mounted in star on a 4 mm sheet metal disc (19) interposed between the rollers A & B and B C. The two ends of the rollers are closed with 4 mm sheets where the bearing brackets (77) are fixed, compressed shaft of 40 (121), support tube (82), bearings (78), spoke (81), spacers (79), clamp opening control cam (74) which remains fixed on the shaft of 40 (121 ).

La figure 9 représente le système de perforation gaz tube support formes de découpe du plastique (13), embout de tube emboités et soudés (89), roulement à bille (83), platine support cage roulement (71), pignon d(entrainement (98), garniture étoupe (111), écrou presse étoupe (112), tube d'arrivée de gaz (113), robinets de réglage débit de gaz (115), tés de dérivation (114). FIG. 9 shows the gas perforation system support tube for plastic cutting forms (13), nested and welded tube end piece (89), ball bearing (83), bearing cage support plate (71), pinion d (drive ( 98), gland packing (111), gland nut (112), gas inlet tube (113), gas flow adjustment valves (115), branch tees (114).

La forme de découpe est constituée en alu (27) montée sur un cylindre tôle (108) sur lequel elle est fixée par des vis (116). Sur le cylindre sont perforés des trous d'aération (110). Entre le cylindre et la plaque de support (92) un isolement en amiante (91) dans lequel passe le bruleur (k109) brasé sur (92) sur lequel est soudé la tige de fixation (93) en tube. The cutout form is made of aluminum (27) mounted on a sheet metal cylinder (108) on which it is fixed by screws (116). On the cylinder are perforated ventilation holes (110). Between the cylinder and the support plate (92) an asbestos insulation (91) through which the burner (k109) brazed (92) on which is welded the fixing rod (93) in tube.

La figure 10 représente le système de pince montée en étoile. Ces pinces tournent avec le roulean planteur (17), leur ouverture 8'effectue avec une came (74) qui elle, reste fixe sur axe support t121). Elle est réglable de façon A fai- re ouvrir à la position désirée. La fermeture des contrepinces (73) s'effectue par poussée sur la pince (18) à la mioe en place du plant ce qui dégage l'ergot de la contre-pince et provoque la fermeture. La réouverture s'effectue par le second ergot quant il entre en contact avec la came (74). Le rappel de la pince (18) s'effectue par un ressort (76) et la fermeture de la contre pince par le ressort (75). Figure 10 shows the star-mounted clamp system. These clamps rotate with the planter roll (17), their opening 8 'is effected with a cam (74) which remains fixed on the support axis t121). It is adjustable so that it opens to the desired position. The closing of the clamps (73) is carried out by pushing on the clamp (18) in the middle of the plant, which releases the lug from the clamping clamp and causes the closure. The reopening is carried out by the second lug when it comes into contact with the cam (74). The clamp (18) is returned by a spring (76) and the clamp is closed by the spring (75).

La figure 11 représente le côté droit de la machine et la distribution du système de perforation. Figure 11 shows the right side of the machine and the distribution of the perforation system.

Le pignon d'entraînement (66) est fixé sur le rouleau planteur (17) par 4 points, ce qui entraîne la chaine (67) qui elle entraîne le pignon de la perforation (98). Les autres pignons de guide (128) et des tendeurs (129) ayant le même montage que (98) s'interchangent pour le calage de la perforation n'ayant pas le même nombre de dents. The drive pinion (66) is fixed on the planter roller (17) by 4 points, which drives the chain (67) which drives the pinion of the perforation (98). The other guide pinions (128) and tensioners (129) having the same mounting as (98) are interchanged for setting the perforation not having the same number of teeth.

Le tout est monté sur des plaines (118) qui sont fixées sur glissière par 2 boulons tête fraisée de façon à pouvoir régler la hauteur des pinces. The whole is mounted on plains (118) which are fixed on a slide by 2 countersunk head bolts so that the height of the clamps can be adjusted.

La fixation de la contre pince (73) sur la platine (118) s'effectue par 2 tacquets (119) et (120). The clamping device (73) is fixed to the plate (118) by 2 cleats (119) and (120).

Les glissières (122) sont montées sur un disque de tôle de 4 mm (17) fixé par 2 boulons tête plate aux extrémités. The slides (122) are mounted on a 4 mm sheet metal disc (17) fixed by 2 flat head bolts at the ends.

Les glissières repère rouge servent pour 4 pinces
Les glissières repère jaune pour 5 pinces
Les glissières repère vert pour 6 pinces
Les glissières repère bleu pour 8 pinces.Red marker slides serve for 4 clamps
Slides with yellow markers for 5 pliers
Green mark slides for 6 clips
Blue markers for 8 clips.

Sur la cuillère de la pince (18) le trou effectué sert à fixer les formes pour les plants en motte. On the spoon of the tongs (18) the hole made serves to fix the shapes for the seedlings.

Sur la contre pince (73) le trou sert à fixer une plaquette de tôle sur laquelle est collé un caoutchouc mousse (127). On the counter clamp (73) the hole is used to fix a sheet metal plate on which a foam rubber is bonded (127).

Claims

REYENDICATIONS

1) The invention is a machine for planting all market garden plants on layers and on plastic. It forms the layers by its compacting roller (4), opens the earth by its front discs (3) to receive the plastic. It opens the earth by its discs (6) and its coulters (11) to receive the plant. It perforates the plastic "perforation by heated form". It unrolls the plastic with its planter roller (17), plants the plant with its pliers (18), reseals the furrow and brings the soil back to the plants with its scrapers (o). It packs the plant with its compacting wheels (20), tightens the plastic with its tensioning wheels (22). It closes the soil on the plastic with its rear discs (23).

2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the compacting roller (4) forms a diabolo of 1200 in length with a diameter of 350 at the ends and a straight part with a diameter of 250 x 200 in length at the center on which are welded io nm angles (34) serving as a crampon. At 200mn on each side starting from the axis are welded 2 discs (6) with a diameter of 500 with conical junctions with the roller forming a base of 70mm serving to open the ground and stabilize the machine.

This roller (4) is mounted in a frame (32) in square tube 30 x 30 x3 with a width 420 x 1400 long mounted on hinges at the front of the chassis (2) and controlled by a hydraulic cylinder (8 ) at the rear of the frame, the jack (8) being fixed to the crossbar (99). This roller is mounted on an axis of diameter 40 fixed to the frame (32) by two rolling brackets. On the axis of the left side is fixed the pinion (33) for driving the planter roller (17).

3) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the planter roller (17) of 1400 in length and formed in 3 parts A of 450 x 580 of 0, B of 300 x 580 of and C of 430 x 580 of. Between A & B and B & C there remains an interval of 100 mm where the discs (19) are fixed clamp holder for planting (18) each part A, B, C are mounted on a tubular axis (82) by spokes (81) inside and by flanges outside. In the tubes (82) are placed bearings (78) at each end for A and B, the roller (17) being closed by a welded flange & the tubular axis (82). The bearing (78) is replaced by an applique bearing (77), all sliding on a 40 mm axis (121) which itself remains fixed on the axis (121). Between A & and B & fits the cam (74) welded on a sleeve that is blocked on the axis (121). On the flanges at each end of the roller (17) on the left side, the drive pinion (66) is fixed, the right pinion is the perforation drive pinion. The 100 mm gap between A & and B & is maintained by spacers (79).

The cylinders A, B and C are made of 3 mm sheet reinforced at each end by a 50 x 6 flat iron where the spokes (81) are welded.

4) Device according to claim 1 characterized with regard to the perforation of electrically heated aluminum trusses (27) fixed to a tube (13) by threaded rods (93) the tube (13) being mounted on a bearing (83) fixed on platform (71) driven by a chain sprocket (98). The supply + is ensured by an electrode (84) of compressed steel introduced into a bronze ring (86) insulated by teflon rings (87) & (88) fitted into a sleeve (89) which is fitted into the tube (13). The - is supplied by an electrode (97) in the same way by a tablet and by a bronze ring (96) without insulation. Between the form (27) and its support (92) there is an asbestos insulator (91).

5) Device according to claim 1 characterized with regard to the gas perforation system forms of aluminum cuts (27) mounted on a sheet metal cylinder (108) fixed by screws (116). The cylinder (108) is perforated (10). Inside this cylinder is the burner (109) at the base an asbestos insulator (91). Between the bottom of the cylinder (108) and the sheet (92) on which is welded the fixing rod (93) which is screwed on a sleeve (95). The sleeve (95) threaded and welded in the support tube (13). The support tube (13) is mounted on bearings (83) fixed on plate (71) driven by a pinion & chain (98). The gas is supplied by a tube (113) fitted in a cable gland (11) tightened by a nut (112) threaded in the sleeve (89), on which is welded a gas pipe (124) on which are welded tees (114) on which are aimed taps (lof5) for flow adjustment gas.

6) Device according to claim 1 characterized with regard to the planting carried out by pliers (they) and counter-pliers (73) mounted on plates (118) which they are mounted on slides (122) fixed to 1 disc (19) which is attached to it to the planter roller by the spacers (79).

The counter clamps (73) are opened by a cam (74) fixed on the axis (121) carrying the planter roller (17).

The closure is effected by pushing on the clamp (18), which releases the lug of the counter-clamp (73) which closes on the clamp (18) by the spring (75), the spring (76) bringing back the clamp (18) in abutment.

The opening is carried out vertically in the axis of the planter roller (17) to deposit the plant at the rear of the share (11) which, for its part, is fixed to the transverse (99) by an adjustable strap (9 ). The groove made by the ploughshare (11) is closed by scrapers (30) fixed by adjustable flanges (102) to the transverse (99).

7) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the planter compacting wheels (20) are mounted on flanges (52) fixed on the crossbar (100), these flanges (52) being adjustable in width. At the rear of the flange frame (52) is mounted a hinge (53) where a steel pad (63) wheel support (20) is fixed. In the middle of this tablet (63) is welded a chappe which receives the tensioner.

This tensioner slides in the plate of the stirrup (52) it is designed by a threaded steel rod (51) of 16 mm serving as axis for a compression spring (58) whose pressure is adjusted by stop ring (54). On the stirrup plate, a bias washer and a nut (50) adjust the height. At the base of the wheel support rod (48) is made a dish on which two holes are drilled. The 10 mm bottom hole serves as a hinge for the wheel support. The top hole serves to adjust the angle of the wheel (20) via a small plate (46). This plate is welded to the wheel support and traversed by an axis which crosses the rod (48). The plate (46) is pierced with 4 holes, which gives 4 different angles.

The wheels (20) with rubber tires with a diameter of 200 mm are mounted on bearings.

8) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the plastic tamping wheels are mounted on plate (55) with caliper. The wheel support rod (57) is hinged on the caliper. In the center of this rod (57) is welded a clevis where the rod (61) of the tensioner is fixed, the latter serving as an axis for a compression spring (58) maintained in pressure by a stop ring (54). On the plate a bias washer and a nut (60) adjust the height. On the axis of the wheel is welded a sleeve (56) held on the rod (57) by two screws, which allows the angle of the wheel to be adjusted. The plastic packing wheel is inflatable. Its diameter is 400mm high by 150mm wide. It is mounted on bearings. This wheel falls into the groove made by the opening discs (3).

9) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the plastic tension is obtained by inflatable wheels (22) of 400 x 150. The plastic is stretched in length by the advancement of the machine. It is then pressed into the grooves made by the front discs (3) by the wheels (22).

The packing pressure is adjusted by the spring (49).

10) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the rear discs (25! Are controlled by hydraulic cylinders (26). The cylinder axis is welded to a 40x40 square steel (41) drilled at the base to receive the axis of the disc (23). it slides in a square tube (29) of 50x50x5 at the end of which is welded a 200 mm clevis (39) pierced with a 42mm square hole in the axis. hole and the edge of the cap (39) are made 4 oblong holes of 12 by 80 mm. Under this cap (39) is fixed a plate (40) drilled 80 mm in the axis to allow the passage of the tube. plate (40) pierced with 4 holes of 12 is fixed to the frame (2) and to the transverse (101) by 4 holes of 8 12. The jack (26) has a flange pierced with 4 holes of% 12. 'fit the axis of 40 from above and bolt the 3 parts together. The clevis (39) which is located between the cylinder (26) and the plate (40) slides in rotation on the bolts, which allows orient the disc (25) before bl ocage of the 4 bolts. The stroke of the jack (26) is 250 and the curved disc of an 8 of 400 which allows the layers to be attacked without the discs (25) landing. This prevents the supports from twisting on hard ground. As soon as planting begins, the tractor driver lowers the discs to the desired depth using the hydraulic distributor (36). The discs take up the soil removed by the front discs (3) to cover the plastic at the edges.

11) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planting machine is equipped with - A support (7) plastic roller mounted on fixed bearing in width and another adjustable in width (35) for lem- plastic roll box.

- Two drop-by-drop unwinding guides (31).

- A seat (24) fixed on the transverse (100) & (101).

- A reserve of plants (128) fixed to the frame (2).

- A horn ordered by the planters in the event of anomalies.

- A 3-point hitch (1) at the front of which is fixed the hydraulic distributor (36) with 3 double effects: 1 for the compacting roller control cylinder (4), the other 2 for the disc cylinders rear (26).

- Two front cylinders (29) mechanical and adjustable in 5 positions.

- A heating control switch for electric machines.

- A bottle of butane gas for machines whose forms heat with gas.

- Protective sheets.