FR2579454A1 - Glenohumeral prosthesis - Google Patents

Glenohumeral prosthesis Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2579454A1
FR2579454A1 FR8505198A FR8505198A FR2579454A1 FR 2579454 A1 FR2579454 A1 FR 2579454A1 FR 8505198 A FR8505198 A FR 8505198A FR 8505198 A FR8505198 A FR 8505198A FR 2579454 A1 FR2579454 A1 FR 2579454A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
prosthesis according
head
frustoconical
humeral
spherical head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR8505198A
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French (fr)
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR8505198A priority Critical patent/FR2579454A1/en
Publication of FR2579454A1 publication Critical patent/FR2579454A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/40Joints for shoulders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
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    • A61F2/4059Humeral shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30242Three-dimensional shapes spherical
    • A61F2002/30245Partial spheres
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30433Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30537Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
    • A61F2002/30538Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting angular orientation
    • A61F2002/3054Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting angular orientation about a connection axis or implantation axis for selecting any one of a plurality of radial orientations between two modular parts, e.g. Morse taper connections, at discrete positions, angular positions or continuous positions
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30576Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with extending fixation tabs
    • A61F2002/30578Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with extending fixation tabs having apertures, e.g. for receiving fixation screws
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    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/0041Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels or rivets, e.g. connecting screws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0071Three-dimensional shapes spherical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00017Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

This prosthesis comprises, on the one hand, a humeral element 2 comprising a head 7 in the shape of a spherical cap linked, through the centre of its internal face, to an anchoring rod 9 intended to be engaged and fixed in the medullary canal of the humerus 4, after resection of its head, and, on the other hand, a glenoid element 3 in the shape of a portion of a spherical cap intended to be applied, through its external convex face 3a, against the glenoid cavity 6, and whose internal concave face 3b, having the same radius as the spherical head 7 of the humeral element 2, is intended to act as a support therefor, means being provided in order to allow it to be fixed to the glenoid cavity 6.

Description

"Prothèse glénohum & le"
La présente. invention concerne une prothèse gléno-humérale, c'est-à-dire une prothèse destinée à restaurer l'articulation de l'épaule lorsque la cavité glénoldienne et la tête de l'humérus sont atteintes de manière irrécupérable, tandis que la coiffe qui surmonte cette articulation et s'oppose à tout déplacement de la tête de l'humérus vers le haut est réparable ou n'est pas atteinte.
"Glénohum & le prosthesis"
The current. The invention relates to a glenohumeral prosthesis, that is to say a prosthesis intended to restore the shoulder joint when the glenoldian cavity and the head of the humerus are irretrievably damaged, while the cap which overcomes this joint and opposes any movement of the head of the humerus upwards is repairable or is not reached.

Cette prothèse comprend, en combinaison, d'une part un élément huméral comportant une tête en forme de calotte sphérique liée, par le centre de sa face interne, à une tige d'ancrage destinée à être engagée et fixée dans le canal médullaire de l'humérus, après résection de sa tête et, d'autre part, un élément glénoidien en forme de segment de calotte sphérique destiné à être appliqué, par sa face externe convexe, contre la cavité glénoldienne et dont la face interne concave, de même rayon que la tête sphérique de l'élément huméral, est destinée à lui servir d'appui, des moyens étant prévus pour permettre sa fixation à la cavité glénoldienne. This prosthesis comprises, in combination, on the one hand, a humeral element comprising a head in the form of a spherical cap linked, by the center of its internal face, to an anchoring rod intended to be engaged and fixed in the medullary canal of the humerus, after resection of its head and, on the other hand, a glenoid element in the shape of a spherical cap segment intended to be applied, by its convex external face, against the glenoldian cavity and whose internal concave face, of the same radius that the spherical head of the humeral element is intended to serve as a support, means being provided to allow its attachment to the glenoldian cavity.

Suivant une forme d'exécution simple de l'invention, les moyens pour la fixation de l'élément glénoidien à la cavité glénoidienne comprennent, essentiellement, deux pattes latérales externes percées, sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre et rattachées à sa face externe, à proximité de son sommet, de manière à pouvoir embrasser l'épaisseur de l'omoplate, de part et d'autre de la partie inférieure de la cavité glénoldienne et lui être fixées par des vis. According to a simple embodiment of the invention, the means for fixing the glenoid element to the glenoid cavity essentially comprise two pierced external lateral legs, substantially parallel to one another and attached to its face external, close to its top, so as to be able to embrace the thickness of the scapula, on either side of the lower part of the glenoldian cavity and be fixed to it by screws.

Pour améliorer la tenue de l'élément glénoidien dans la cavité glénoîdienne, ces moyens de fixation peuvent comprendre, en outre, un pion radial externe engageable dans l'alésage d'une douille filetée extérieurement et destinée à être vissée dans un trou préalablement foré dans le fond de la cavité glénoldienne. To improve the behavior of the glenoid element in the glenoid cavity, these fixing means may further comprise an external radial pin which can be engaged in the bore of an externally threaded sleeve and intended to be screwed into a hole previously drilled in the bottom of the glenoldian cavity.

Ce pion radial et l'alésage de la douille qui lui sert de logement peuvent être cylindriques, mais pour améliorer encore la tenue de l'élément glénoldien, ils sont avantageusement tronconiques de pentes complémentaires, permettant leur liaison par coincement réciproque en fin d'engagement de l'un dans l'autre. This radial pin and the bore of the sleeve which serves as its housing can be cylindrical, but to further improve the behavior of the glenoldian element, they are advantageously frustoconical with complementary slopes, allowing their connection by reciprocal wedging at the end of engagement. from one to the other.

Par ailleurs, de préférence, pour faciliter sa mise en place, le filetage externe de la douille est conique, la fente radiale pour son vissage à l'aide d'un tournevis étant aménagée à son extrémité de grand diamètre. Furthermore, preferably, to facilitate its positioning, the external thread of the sleeve is conical, the radial slot for its screwing using a screwdriver being arranged at its large diameter end.

Pour faciliter la mise en place de l'élément huméral et permettre sa fixation sans recours. a un ciment, sa tige d'ancrage porte un filetage externe conique- et la tête humérale lui est fixée de manière amovible et de manière à permettre le réglage de leur position angulaire relative. To facilitate the placement of the humeral element and allow its fixation without recourse. has a cement, its anchor rod carries a conical external thread- and the humeral head is fixed to it in a removable manner and so as to allow the adjustment of their relative angular position.

En effet, la position angulaire de la tige d'ancrage en fin de vissage dans le canal médullaire de l'humérus ne pouvant pas être préétablie, il est bien évidemment nécessaire de pouvoir régler la position angulaire désirée de la tête humérale indépendamment de celle de sa tige d'ancrage. Indeed, since the angular position of the anchor rod at the end of screwing in the medullary canal of the humerus cannot be pre-established, it is obviously necessary to be able to adjust the desired angular position of the humeral head independently of that of its anchor rod.

Suivant une forme d'exécution préférée de l'invention, les moyens de fixation amovible de la tête sphérique de l'élément huméral à sa tige d'ancrage et de réglage de leur position angulaire relative comprennent, ménagés sur leurs faces d'assemblage, elles-mêmes aménagées, respectivement, au pied d'une embase de la tête sphérique et au sommet de la tige d'ancrage, un puits tronconique et un bossage ou pion tronconique, de pentes complémentaires, aptes à s'engager l'un dans l'autre, dans la position angulaire relative désirée et à permettre leur liaison par coincement en fin d'engagement. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means for removably fixing the spherical head of the humeral element to its anchoring rod and for adjusting their relative angular position comprise, formed on their assembly faces, themselves arranged, respectively, at the foot of a base of the spherical head and at the top of the anchor rod, a frustoconical well and a frustoconical boss or pawn, of complementary slopes, capable of engaging one in the other, in the desired relative angular position and to allow their connection by wedging at the end of engagement.

De préférence, le bossage tronconique est prévu à l'extrémité supérieure de la tige d'ancrage et le puits tronconique est ménagé dans l'embase de la tête sphérique. Cette disposition permet en effet d'améliorer la tenue de l'assemblage de la tête humérale à sa tige d'ancrage, en complétant leurs moyens de liaison. En effet, dans ce cas, ces moyens peuvent comprendre, en outre, un trou traversant ménagé coaxialement dans le fond du puits tronconique, un trou taraudé ménagé coaxialement dans le bossage tronconique et une vis d'assemblage vissable dans le trou taraudé après avoir traversé le trou traversant du puits tronconique, le diamètre de la tête de cette vis étant supérieur à celui du trou traversant du puits tronconique. Preferably, the frustoconical boss is provided at the upper end of the anchor rod and the frustoconical well is formed in the base of the spherical head. This arrangement makes it possible to improve the resistance of the assembly of the humeral head to its anchor rod, by supplementing their connecting means. In fact, in this case, these means may further comprise a through hole formed coaxially in the bottom of the frustoconical well, a tapped hole formed coaxially in the frustoconical boss and a connecting screw screwable into the tapped hole after having crossed the through hole of the frustoconical well, the diameter of the head of this screw being greater than that of the through hole of the frustoconical well.

Cette vis garantit donc la tenue de l'assemblage. This screw therefore guarantees the holding of the assembly.

Dans ce cas, si nécessaire, la calotte sphérique de la tête humérale présente une échancrure pour le passage et la mise en place de la vis d'assemblage. In this case, if necessary, the spherical cap of the humeral head has a notch for the passage and the positioning of the assembly screw.

Suivant une forme d'exécution simple de l'invention, les moyens permettant le réglage de la position angulaire relative de la tête sphéri que de l'élément huméral et de sa tige d'ancrage comprennent, d'une part, une rangée circulaire de trous cylindriques ménagée concentriquement au bossage tronconique, dans la face d'appui de l'extrémité supérieure de la tige d'ancrage et, d'autre part, au moins un ergot cylindrique de même diamètre que les trous précités, prévu en saillie sur la partie de la face d'appui de l'embase de la tête sphérique entourant le puits tronconique et apte à être engagé dans l'un choisi des trous de la rangée circulaire précitée. According to a simple embodiment of the invention, the means allowing the adjustment of the relative angular position of the spherical head of the humeral element and of its anchoring rod comprise, on the one hand, a circular row of cylindrical holes formed concentrically with the frustoconical boss, in the bearing face of the upper end of the anchor rod and, on the other hand, at least one cylindrical lug of the same diameter as the above-mentioned holes, projecting from the part of the bearing face of the base of the spherical head surrounding the frustoconical well and able to be engaged in one of the holes of the aforementioned circular row.

Suivant une forme d'exécution préférée de l'invention, la tête humérale est en un métal inaltérable et bio-compatible, tel qu'en acier inoxydable, la face interne concave du segment sphérique constituant l'élément glénoldien est recouverte d'un revêtement en une matière relativement souple et présentant un faible coefficient de frottement par rapport à l'acier. Ce revêtement peut, par exemple, être réalisé en une matière plastique telle qu'un polyamide ou autre similaire. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the humeral head is made of an unalterable and biocompatible metal, such as stainless steel, the concave internal face of the spherical segment constituting the glenoldian element is covered with a coating. made of a relatively flexible material and having a low coefficient of friction compared to steel. This coating can, for example, be made of a plastic material such as a polyamide or the like.

De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de cette prothèse
Figure 1 en est une vue en perspective montrant les deux éléments de cette prothèse fixés sur leur os respectif, en position écartée
Figure 2 est une vue en coupe axiale de la prothèse mise en place
Figure 3 est une vue en plan par-dessus de la tige d'ancrage de l'élément huméral.
In any case, the invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of this prosthesis
Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the two elements of this prosthesis fixed on their respective bone, in the separated position
Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of the prosthesis in place
Figure 3 is a plan view over the anchor rod of the humeral element.

Cette prothèse est destinée à être utilisée pour une articulation de l'épaule lorsque la tête humérale et la cavité glénoldienne, trop atteintes, sont irréparables, la coiffe étant elle-même réparable ou pas atteinte. This prosthesis is intended to be used for a shoulder joint when the humeral head and the glenoldian cavity, too affected, are irreparable, the cap being itself repairable or not affected.

Comme le montre plus spécialement la figure 1, cette prothèse comprend un élément huméral (2) et un élément glénoidien (3). L'élément huméral (2) est destiné à être fixé dans l'extrémité supérieure, préalablement réséquée et forée, d'un humérus (4), tandis que l'élément glénoldien (3) est destiné à être fixé contre l'omoplate (5) de manière à recouvrir et remplacer sa cavité glénoidienne (6). As shown more particularly in Figure 1, this prosthesis comprises a humeral element (2) and a glenoid element (3). The humeral element (2) is intended to be fixed in the upper end, previously resected and drilled, of a humerus (4), while the glenoldian element (3) is intended to be fixed against the scapula ( 5) so as to cover and replace its glenoid cavity (6).

L'élément huméral (2) comprend une tête (7) en forme de calotte sphérique portée, par le centre de sa face interne, par une embase (8) liée de manière amovible et de manière à permettre le réglage de sa position angulaire à une tige d'ancrage (9) destinée à être enfoncée et fixée dans le canal médullaire (4a) de l'humérus (4). The humeral element (2) comprises a head (7) in the form of a spherical cap carried, by the center of its internal face, by a base (8) linked in a removable manner and so as to allow the adjustment of its angular position to an anchor rod (9) intended to be inserted and fixed in the medullary canal (4a) of the humerus (4).

Dans l'exemple illustré sur le dessin, pour permettre la liaison amovible de la tête sphérique (7) et de son embase (8) à la tige (9) avec la position angulaire souhaitée, comme le montre la figure 2, l'embase (8) et la tige (9) présentent des surfaces annulaires d'appui, respectivement (8a) et (9a). perpendiculaires à l'axe de révolution (11) de la tige (9) et, en outre, d'une part, l'embase (8) présente, au centre de sa surface d'appui (8a), un puits tronconique (12) et, d'autre part, la tige (9) porte, au centre de sa surface d'appui (9a), un pion tronconique (13) de profil complémentaire de celui du puits (12) et apte à s'engager dans ce dernier de manière à obtenir, en fin d'engagement, une liaison par coincement entre la tige (9) et l'embase (8) et, par conséquent, la tête sphérique (7). In the example illustrated in the drawing, to allow the removable connection of the spherical head (7) and its base (8) to the rod (9) with the desired angular position, as shown in Figure 2, the base (8) and the rod (9) have annular bearing surfaces, respectively (8a) and (9a). perpendicular to the axis of revolution (11) of the rod (9) and, in addition, on the one hand, the base (8) has, at the center of its bearing surface (8a), a frustoconical well ( 12) and, on the other hand, the rod (9) carries, in the center of its bearing surface (9a), a frustoconical pin (13) of profile complementary to that of the well (12) and able to engage in the latter so as to obtain, at the end of engagement, a connection by wedging between the rod (9) and the base (8) and, consequently, the spherical head (7).

Par ailleurs, la tige d'ancrage (9) de l'élément huméral (2) dans l'humérus (4) porte un filetage extérieur (9b) tronconique permettant sa fixation dans le canal médullaire (4a) de l'humérus (4) par vissage, la conicité du filetage (9b) ayant pour effet de permettre un engagement beaucoup plus rapide de la tige (9) dans le canal médullaire (4a). Furthermore, the anchor rod (9) of the humeral element (2) in the humerus (4) carries an external tapered thread (9b) allowing its fixing in the medullary canal (4a) of the humerus (4 ) by screwing, the taper of the thread (9b) having the effect of allowing much faster engagement of the rod (9) in the medullary canal (4a).

On peut remarquer que la fixation de la tige (9) dans le canal médullaire (4a) par vissage rend indispensable les possibilités de réglage de la position angulaire de la tête sphérique (7) et de son embase (8) par rapport à la tige (9) puisqu'il est évidemment impossible de connaître la position angulaire de cette dernière en fin de vissage. It can be noted that the fixing of the rod (9) in the medullary canal (4a) by screwing makes essential the possibilities of adjustment of the angular position of the spherical head (7) and its base (8) relative to the rod (9) since it is obviously impossible to know the angular position of the latter at the end of screwing.

La fixation de la tige (9) dans le canal médullaire (4a) par vissage présente évidemment l'avantage d'éliminer toute nécessité d'emploi d'un ciment ou autre produit de scellement. Fixing the rod (9) in the medullary canal (4a) by screwing obviously has the advantage of eliminating any need to use a cement or other sealant.

Pour améliorer la tenue de l'assemblage de la tête sphérique (7) à la tige (9), comme le montre la figure (2), d'une part, l'embase (8) présente, dans le fond du puits (12), un trou traversant (14) coaxial à l'axe (11) du puits (12) et, d'autre part, le pion (13) présente un trou taraudé (15) coaxial à son axe (11). To improve the resistance of the assembly of the spherical head (7) to the rod (9), as shown in Figure (2), on the one hand, the base (8) present, in the bottom of the well ( 12), a through hole (14) coaxial with the axis (11) of the well (12) and, on the other hand, the pin (13) has a tapped hole (15) coaxial with its axis (11).

Il est ainsi possible, après engagement du puits (12) sur le pion (13), de compléter l'assemblage de la tête sphérique (7) à la tige (9) par la mise en place, dans le trou taraudé (15), d'une vis (16) traversant le trou (14) et dont la tête (16a) possède un diamètre supérieur à celui du trou traversant (14). It is thus possible, after engagement of the well (12) on the pin (13), to complete the assembly of the spherical head (7) to the rod (9) by the installation, in the tapped hole (15) , a screw (16) passing through the hole (14) and whose head (16a) has a diameter greater than that of the through hole (14).

Pour permettre l'engagement de la vis (12) dans le trou taraudé (15) après pré-assemblage de la tête (7) à la tige (9), la tête sphérique (7) présente, dans sa zone située au-dessus du trou traversant (14), une échancrure (17). To allow the engagement of the screw (12) in the tapped hole (15) after pre-assembly of the head (7) to the rod (9), the spherical head (7) has, in its zone located above of the through hole (14), a notch (17).

Pour améliorer encore l'assemblage de la tête sphérique (7) à sa tige (9) en s'opposant à tout pivotement indésirable de la tête (9) autour de l'axe (11), la tige (9) demeurant elle-même immobile en rotation dans le canal médullaire (4a), il est prévu, comme le montre notamment la figure 3, une rangée circulaire de trous cylindriques (18) ménagés dans la face d'appui (9a) de la tige (9), concentriquement au pion tronconique (13). To further improve the assembly of the spherical head (7) to its rod (9) by opposing any undesirable pivoting of the head (9) around the axis (11), the rod (9) remaining itself even when it is stationary in rotation in the medullary canal (4a), there is provided, as shown in particular in FIG. 3, a circular row of cylindrical holes (18) formed in the bearing face (9a) of the rod (9), concentrically with the frusto-conical pawn (13).

il est aussi prévu, en saillie sur la face d'appui (8a) de l'embase (8), deux ergots cylindriques (19) aptes à s'engager dans l'un choisi des trous cylindriques (18). A cet effet, l'ergot (19) a une forme complémentaire de celle des trous cylindriques (18). there are also provided, projecting from the bearing face (8a) of the base (8), two cylindrical pins (19) capable of engaging in one of the selected cylindrical holes (18). For this purpose, the lug (19) has a shape complementary to that of the cylindrical holes (18).

Il faut noter que les trous cylindriques (18) peuvent être utilisés pour l'entraînement en rotation de la tige (9) lors de son vissage dans le canal médullaire (4a) de l'humérus (4). It should be noted that the cylindrical holes (18) can be used for the rotary drive of the rod (9) when it is screwed into the medullary canal (4a) of the humerus (4).

Comme le montre les figures 1 et 2, l'élément glénoldien (3) se présente sous la forme d'un segment de calotte sphérique destiné à être fixée à l'omoplate (5) avec sa face externe convexe (3a) appliquée contre la cavité glénoldienne (6), tandis que sa face interne concave (3b) est destinée à recevoir et servir d'appui à la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral. A cet effet, la face interne concave (3b) de l'élément glénoidien (3) possède un rayon identique à celui de la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2). As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the glenoldian element (3) is in the form of a segment of a spherical cap intended to be fixed to the scapula (5) with its convex external face (3a) applied against the glenoldian cavity (6), while its concave internal face (3b) is intended to receive and serve as support for the spherical head (7) of the humeral element. For this purpose, the concave internal face (3b) of the glenoid element (3) has a radius identical to that of the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2).

La fixation de l'élément glénoidien (3) à l'omoplate (5) est obtenue au moyen de deux pattes radiales externes (21) percées d'un trou (22), sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre et rattachées à la face externe convexe (3a) de l'élément (3), de manière à pouvoir embrase ser l'épaisseur de l'omoplate (5) de part et d'autre de la partie inférieure de la cavité glénoldienne (6) et lui être fixées par des vis (23) enfoncées dans cette partie de l'omoplate (5). The glenoid element (3) is fixed to the scapula (5) by means of two external radial lugs (21) pierced with a hole (22), substantially parallel to each other and attached to the convex external face (3a) of the element (3), so as to be able to ignite the thickness of the scapula (5) on either side of the lower part of the glenoldian cavity (6) and be fixed by screws (23) driven into this part of the scapula (5).

Cette fixation peut être améliorée, comme montré sur la figure 2, par l'engagement, dans l'alésage (24a) d'une douille filetée extérieure ment (24), préalablement vissée dans le fond de la cavité glénoidienne, d'un pion radial externe (25) porté par la face externe convexe (3a) de l'élément glénoidien (3). This fixing can be improved, as shown in FIG. 2, by the engagement, in the bore (24a) of an externally threaded sleeve (24), previously screwed into the bottom of the glenoid cavity, of a pin external radial (25) carried by the convex external face (3a) of the glenoid element (3).

De préférence, le pion (25) et l'alésage (24a) de la douille (24) sont tronconiques à faibles pentes, assurant une meilleure fixation de l'élément glénolclien par suite de leur coincement réciproque en fin d'engagement de l'un dans l'autre. Preferably, the pin (25) and the bore (24a) of the sleeve (24) are frustoconical with slight slopes, ensuring better fixation of the glenolclian element due to their mutual jamming at the end of engagement of the one in the other.

Pour faciliter sa mise en place, le filetage externe de la douille (24) est conique, la fente radiale (24a) pour son vissage à l'aide d'un tournevis étant prévue à son extrémité de plus grand diamètre. To facilitate its installation, the external thread of the sleeve (24) is conical, the radial slot (24a) for its screwing using a screwdriver being provided at its end of larger diameter.

Naturellement, la mise en place de la douille filetée (24) nécessite l'exécution préalable d'un forage tronconique (26) dans le fond de la cavité glénoïdienne (6). Naturally, the installation of the threaded sleeve (24) requires the prior execution of a frustoconical drilling (26) in the bottom of the glenoid cavity (6).

Dans l'exemple illustré sur le dessin, la tête sphérique (7), son embase (8) et sa tige d'ancrage (9) sont en acier inoxydable, de même que la partie (27a) correspondant à la face externe convexe (3a) de l'élément (3), ainsi que ses pattes de fixation (21), son pion radial (25) et la douille filetée (24) dont l'alésage (24a) lui sert de logement. Dans ces conditions, et pour améliorer le confort et le fonctionnement de cette prothèse, sa partie (27b) correspondant à sa face interne concave (3b) est constituée par une pièce qui est fixée à la partie (27a) par des vis (28) et qui est réalisée en un matériau relativement souple et présentant, par rapport à l'acier inoxydable, un faible coefficient de frottement. Cette pièce peut être réalisée, par exemple, en polyamide ou en polyéthylène.  In the example illustrated in the drawing, the spherical head (7), its base (8) and its anchor rod (9) are made of stainless steel, as is the part (27a) corresponding to the convex external face ( 3a) of the element (3), as well as its fixing lugs (21), its radial pin (25) and the threaded sleeve (24) whose bore (24a) serves as a housing. Under these conditions, and to improve the comfort and the functioning of this prosthesis, its part (27b) corresponding to its concave internal face (3b) is constituted by a part which is fixed to the part (27a) by screws (28) and which is made of a relatively flexible material and having, compared to stainless steel, a low coefficient of friction. This part can be made, for example, of polyamide or polyethylene.

Claims (14)

- REVENDICMlONS -- CLAIMS - 1.- Prothèse gléno-hunzérale, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, en combinaison, d'une part un élément huméral (2) comportant une tête (7) en forme de calotte sphérique liée, par le centre de sa face interne, à une tige d'ancrage (9) destinée à être engagée et fixée dans le canal médullaire de l'humérus (4), après résection de sa tête et, d'autre part, un élément glénol-dien (3) en forme de segment de calotte sphérique destiné à être appliqué, par sa face externe convexe (3a), contre la cavité glénoldienne (6) et dont la face interne concave (3b), de même rayon que la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2), est destinée à lui servir d'appui, des moyens étant prévus pour permettre sa fixation à la cavité glénoldienne (6).  1.- gleno-hunzeral prosthesis, characterized in that it comprises, in combination, on the one hand a humeral element (2) comprising a head (7) in the form of a spherical cap linked by the center of its internal face, to an anchor rod (9) intended to be engaged and fixed in the medullary canal of the humerus (4), after resection of its head and, on the other hand, a glenol-dien element (3) in the form of spherical cap segment intended to be applied, by its convex external face (3a), against the glenoldian cavity (6) and whose concave internal face (3b), of the same radius as the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2), is intended to serve as a support, means being provided to allow its attachment to the glenoldian cavity (6). 2.- Prothèse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour la fixation de l'élément glénoidien (3) à la cavité glénoidienne (6) comprennent, essentiellement, deux pattes latérales externes percées (21), sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre et rattachées à sa face externe (3b), à proximité de son sommet, de manière à pouvoir embrasser llépaisseur de l'omoplate (5), de part et d'autre de la partie inférieure de la cavité glénoldienne (6) et lui être fixées par des vis (23). 2. A prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for fixing the glenoid element (3) to the glenoid cavity (6) essentially comprise two pierced external lateral legs (21), substantially parallel to it. one to the other and attached to its external face (3b), near its top, so as to be able to embrace the thickness of the scapula (5), on either side of the lower part of the glenoldian cavity ( 6) and be fixed to it by screws (23). 3.- Prothèse selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de fixation de l'élément glénoidien (3) à la cavité glénoldienne (6) comprennent, en outre, un pion radial externe (25) engageable dans l'alésage (24a) d'une douille (24) filetée extérieurement et destinée à être vissée dans un trou préalablement foré dans le fond de la cavité glénoidienne (6). 3. Prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for fixing the glenoid element (3) to the glenoid cavity (6) further comprise an external radial pin (25) which can be engaged in the bore ( 24a) of a socket (24) externally threaded and intended to be screwed into a hole previously drilled in the bottom of the glenoid cavity (6). 4.- Prothèse selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le pion radial (25) et l'alésage (24a) de la douille (24) sont cylindriques. 4. Prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial pin (25) and the bore (24a) of the sleeve (24) are cylindrical. 5.- Prothèse selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le pion radial (25) et l'alésage (24a) de la douille (24) sont tronconiques de pentes complémentaires, permettant leur liaison par coincement réciproque en fin d'engagement de l'un dans l'autre. 5. Prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial pin (25) and the bore (24a) of the sleeve (24) are frustoconical with complementary slopes, allowing their connection by mutual wedging at the end of engagement of one in the other. 6.- Prothèse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le filetage externe de la douille (24) est conique, la fente radiale (24b) pour son vissage à l'aide d'un tournevis étant aménagée à son extrémité de plus grand diamètre.  6. Prosthesis according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the external thread of the sleeve (24) is conical, the radial slot (24b) for its screwing using a screwdriver being arranged at its larger diameter end. 7.- Prothèse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la tige d'ancrage (9) de l'élément huméral (2) porte un filetage externe conique (9b) et la tête humérale (7) lui est fixée de manière amovible et de manière à permettre le réglage de leur position angulaire relative. 7. Prosthesis according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring rod (9) of the humeral element (2) carries a conical external thread (9b) and the humeral head (7) is fixed removably and so as to allow the adjustment of their relative angular position. 8.- Prothèse selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de fixation amovible de la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2) à sa tige d'ancrage (9) et de réglage de leur position angulaire relative comprennent, ménagés sur leurs faces d'assemblage (8a,9a), elles-mêmes aménagées, respectivement, au pied d'une embase (8) de la tête sphérique (7) et au sommet de la tige d'ancrage (9), un puits tronconique (12) et un bossage ou pion tronconique (13), de pentes complémentaires, aptes à s'engager l'un dans l'autre, dans la position angulaire relative désirée et à permettre leur liaison par coincement en fin d'engagement. 8. A prosthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for detachably fixing the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2) to its anchoring rod (9) and for adjusting their relative angular position comprise, arranged on their assembly faces (8a, 9a), themselves arranged, respectively, at the foot of a base (8) of the spherical head (7) and at the top of the anchoring rod (9) , a frustoconical well (12) and a frustoconical boss or pin (13), of complementary slopes, able to engage one in the other, in the desired relative angular position and to allow their connection by wedging at the end of 'commitment. 9.- Prothèse selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le bossage tronconique (13) est prévu à l'extrémité supérieure de la tige d'ancrage (9) et le puits tronconique (12) est ménagé dans l'embase (8) de la tête sphérique (7). 9. A prosthesis according to claim 8, characterized in that the frustoconical boss (13) is provided at the upper end of the anchoring rod (9) and the frustoconical well (12) is formed in the base (8 ) of the spherical head (7). 10.- Prothèse selon la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de fixation amovible de la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2) à sa tige d'ancrage (9) et de réglage de leur position angulaire relative comprennent, en outre, un trou traversant (14) ménagé coaxialement dans le fond du puits tronconique (12), un trou taraudé (15) ménagé coaxialement dans le bossage tronconique (13) et une vis d'assemblage (16) vissable dans le trou taraudé (15) après avoir traversé le trou traversant (14) du puits tronconique (12), le diamètre de la tête (16a) de cette vis (16) étant supérieur à celui du trou traversant (14) du puits tronconique (12). 10. A prosthesis according to claim 8 or claim 9, characterized in that the means for removable attachment of the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2) to its anchor rod (9) and of adjustment of their relative angular position further comprises a through hole (14) formed coaxially in the bottom of the frustoconical well (12), a tapped hole (15) formed coaxially in the frustoconical boss (13) and a connecting screw (16 ) screwable into the threaded hole (15) after having passed through the through hole (14) of the frustoconical well (12), the diameter of the head (16a) of this screw (16) being greater than that of the through hole (14) of the frustoconical well (12). 11.- Prothèse selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la calotte qui forme la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément ~ huméral (2) présente une échancrure (17) coaxiale au trou taraudé (15). 11. A prosthesis according to claim 10, characterized in that the cap which forms the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2) has a notch (17) coaxial with the tapped hole (15). 12.- Prothèse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisée en ce que les moyens permettant le réglage de la position angulaire relative de la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2) et de sa tige d'ancrage (9) comprennent, d'une part, une rangée circulaire de trous cylindriques (18) ménagée concentriquement au bos sa#ge tronconique (13), dans la face d'appui (9a) de l'extrémité supérieure de la tige d'ancrage (9) et d'autre part, au moins un ergot cylindrique (19) de même diamètre que les trous précités (18), prévu en saillie sur la partie de la face d'appui (8a) de 1'embase (8) de la tête sphérique (7) entourant le puits tronconique (12) et apte à être engagé dans l'un choisi des trous (18) de la rangée circulaire précitée. 12. A prosthesis according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the means allowing the adjustment of the relative angular position of the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2) and of its rod anchoring (9) comprise, on the one hand, a circular row of cylindrical holes (18) formed concentrically with the frustoconical bos sa # ge (13), in the bearing face (9a) of the upper end of the rod d anchoring (9) and on the other hand, at least one cylindrical lug (19) of the same diameter as the above-mentioned holes (18), projecting from the part of the bearing face (8a) of the base ( 8) of the spherical head (7) surrounding the frustoconical well (12) and able to be engaged in one chosen from the holes (18) of the aforementioned circular row. 13.- Prothèse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2) est en une matière rigide inaltérable et bio-compatible, la face interne concave (3b) de l'élément glénoldien (3) étant en une matière relativement souple et présentant un faible coefficient de frottement par rapport à la matière constitutive de la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2). 13. A prosthesis according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2) is made of a rigid, unalterable and biocompatible material, the concave internal face (3b) of the glenold element (3) being made of a relatively flexible material and having a low coefficient of friction compared to the material constituting the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2). 14.- Prothèse selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la tête sphérique (7) de l'élément huméral (2) est en acier inoxydable et la face interne (3b) de l'élément glénoldien est constituée par une partie (27b) en matière plastique telle qu'un polyamide ou un polyéthy lène.  14. A prosthesis according to claim 13, characterized in that the spherical head (7) of the humeral element (2) is made of stainless steel and the internal face (3b) of the glenoldian element is constituted by a part (27b ) in a plastic material such as a polyamide or a polyethylene.
FR8505198A 1985-03-28 1985-03-28 Glenohumeral prosthesis Withdrawn FR2579454A1 (en)

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EP0329854A1 (en) * 1988-02-02 1989-08-30 David M. Dines Modular shoulder prothesis
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US4919670A (en) * 1988-02-03 1990-04-24 Intermedics Orthopedics, Inc. Modular humeral prosthesis
FR2645735A1 (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-10-19 Diebold Patrice Metatarsophalangeal joint prosthesis for the first shaft of the foot
US4986833A (en) * 1989-05-05 1991-01-22 Worland Richard L Glenoid component for an artificial shoulder joint
FR2673100A1 (en) * 1991-02-27 1992-08-28 Herzberg Guillaume Wrist joint prosthesis
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FR2773060A1 (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-07-02 Merck Biomaterial France Wrist joint prosthesis used for treating severe arthritis
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