FR2578501A1 - SAFETY DEVICE FOR ROTATING ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A SAFETY DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT OF A ROTATING ELEMENT. IT INCLUDES A SPRING ASSEMBLY FRICTION MODULE, IN WHICH A PRESSURIZED FLUID COMPRESSES A SPRING ASSEMBLY 23, 24 PLACED INSIDE THE MODULE IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN A RETRACTED FRICTION SURFACE 2 AND SPACED FROM A ROTATING SURFACE 3, AND OR A DECREASE IN THIS FLUID PRESSURE ALLOWS THE PREVIOUSLY COMPRESSED SPRING ASSEMBLY 23, 24 TO EXPAND AND TO PUSH THE PREVIOUSLY RETRACTED FRICTION SURFACE 2 TO CONTACT THE ROTATING SURFACE 3 WITH SUFFICIENT FORCE TO STOP ITS ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT. APPLICATION TO BRAKES AND CLUTCHES.

Description

I 2578501

  The present invention relates to the

  truction of a safety device to control

  tomatically the movement of a rotating element.

  Fluid-actuated brakes and clutches with friction elements externally driven by a cylinder and piston assembly have been described in U.S. Patent Montalvo No. 4,366,884.

  helical springs arranged around the outer pins

  mounting positions of the cylinder and piston assembly

  ensure the return of the whole to its original condition.

  of relaxation and absence of contact when the

  air supply pressure is removed. It is pre-

  seen inside said assembly a disc-shaped spring which is directly urged by a fluid

under pressure.

  The safety device of the present invention

  is safe operation, easy to manufacture

  and it is adaptable to a wide variety of applications.

  It can be used in many communication systems

  in cases where mechanical equipment is involved, particularly when an element

  rotating such as a wheel or a tree.

  The safety device of the present invention

  It comprises a friction module with spring assemblies, which is intended to constitute a safety component for installation on certain types of known brakes and clutches. It usually has the same appearance and the same physical dimensions as the standard brake or clutch, so that it can be incorporated into an existing brake or clutch, if necessary

  or desirable, and i; can be completely interchangeable

  geable with any modular product in the

corresponding production line.

  The friction module with sets of springs

  in a different way from a standard pneumatic or air brake, which uses air pressure to

  the actuation of the brake cylinder in order to

  firing the piston of the brake cylinder. The spring pack friction module operates exactly the opposite way in that it uses air pressure for piston retraction. If there is no pressure

  sufficient air in the cylinder to ensure retraction.

  piston, the piston remains in the extended position

  of the piston, so that the safety device

  as a brake to prevent a movement of a

  rotating surface to which the piston is adjacent.

  The safety device of the present invention

  tion has the following advantages. In case there is an alteration in the applied air pressure

  to the safety device of the invention, as the ob-

  cutting or cutting an air supply duct causing a decrease in the necessary air pressure, or a total cut in the air pressure, the friction module set by spring and placed in a brake, or clutch, is then put into operation as a safety device that would have come out into the braking position. So, for example if a security device

  according to the invention is installed on a mounting frame

  in a paper machine and if, due to human error or accidental defect, the paper machine loses all its air pressure, the spring set safety device, which does not require any pressure, 'air for its actuation, is put into operation automatically in the manner of a brake so as to make contact with its non-rotating safety friction pad against a rotating part of the machine

  in order to stop the operation of this machine.

  This prevents accidents to personnel placed near the machine and also pocketed

  damage to the product made by the machine.

  Another advantage of the security device of the present invention is as follows. The air pressure applied by a precision control device, according to variable values, also makes the safety device useful as a tension brake with continuous sliding. By varying the value of the air pressure applied to the cylinder, it is possible to obtain a range

  variable couples, while still maintaining the

  safety features of the friction module to

sets of springs.

  The safety device has the advantage of being able to be maintained in a non-rotating, stationary, fixed manner, to stop the rotational movement

  of an element around which it is placed, or close to

which it is.

  The friction module with spring assemblies

  consists of different parts, including two

  compressible resilient members, such as springs, which are located in the rear end within the friction module. In one assembly, there are provided several similar springs, and having a greater diameter than similar springs of a second set, which have a smaller diameter. The springs are housed in a machined cavity in the stationary rear end of the safety device, more than one spring being placed in each cavity. Usually, a big spring is housed in the

  cavity and is maintained along its outer periphery.

  Usually, a small spring is nested and maintained at

  inside the large spring by a rod placed inside the

of the cavity.

  The embodiment according to the invention, corresponding to a first spring fitted inside a second spring, provides the other advantage of allowing the application of a higher air pressure which is counterbalanced in a second spring. compact and limited area, by

  compared to the case where one single large

  fate. This embodiment involving a first

  spring in a second spring provides another advantage that, if a spring is

  damaged or broken, the other jurisdiction can still function

  in a condition of assistance, or of reserve,

or security.

  The springs are held in place at their upper parts by a circular groove

  in a small part of the rear end station

  of the safety device. The stationary rear end serves to compress the spring assemblies when an air pressure is introduced into a chamber

  provided on the front side of a flexible element of the

  seems to cylinder and piston. The flexible element is de-

  rearward, causing a movement of the former

  front end of the friction module backwards to compress the springs. When the air pressure is removed, this allows the springs to expand and expand outwardly to move a piston carrying the friction pad into the braking position. The flexible element, which can be a diaphragm, therefore fulfills a dual function. Not only is it part of the actuating mechanism involved in the retraction and extension operation, but it also serves as a fluid seal between the stationary rear end and the front end.

mobile module.

  The back end and the front end are

  joined together by appropriate fasteners.

  The front end of the module contains a seal that provides a fluid seal for the forward end portion of the piston to prevent loss of pressure.

  fluid, such as air pressure or hydraulic pressure.

  during and after the extension and retraction strokes of the piston. The front end also serves to limit the piston stroke length by preventing

  the piston assembly to retract too far towards the

  inside or out too far out, exceeding the maximum length of its stroke. The front end also includes fluid passage orifices for introducing or discharging fluid under

  as air, through two ori-

  or more, consisting of shaped connectors which are engaged in holes in the front end.

  The front end contains a piston which constitutes

  kills one of the working elements of the cylinder module and

  piston, because it is able to produce an exten-

  sion and retraction of the non-rotating stationary friction shoe of the safety device

  rotating friction surface of the brake, or clutch.

  The front end piston, usually formed of a

  strong and robust, includes means which

  the stationary and non-rotating friction shoe and serve to ensure the retraction of the friction pad when the piston is retracted into the cylinder

pneumatic or hydraulic.

  The front end including the piston, and the

  rear end are fastened together by fasteners

  appropriate, ensuring between them the maintenance of

  flexible in a tight condition. As a result, the front end and the rear end can be transported in the form of a unitary unit or module, and they can also be easily dismounted for inspection or replacement. a part

worn or damaged.

  The module also contains two anti-

  torsion formed of a solid and robust material. These anti-torsion bars serve to stop and prevent a torsion movement of the friction pad when the brake is clamped against a rotating surface. These bars hold the friction pad as stationary as possible and also prevent the pad from falling out of the cylinder brake assembly when it is in the retracted position. The anti-torsion bars also provide the connection of arm retaining plates with the front end and the rear end of the brake module. Anti-torsion bars are engaged in holes formed through the retaining plates and they

  are folded against the rear side of the housing of the en-

  seems, opposite the piston. The retaining plates serve

  maintain the entire module on the brake mounting bracket by inserting suitable fasteners through the retaining plates, these

  being themselves fixed in the mounting bracket.

  In general, the safety device of the present invention is embodied in the form of a spring assembly friction module in which a pressurized fluid compresses a set of springs inside the module, so as to maintaining a friction surface retracted and spaced from a rotating surface, and wherein a reduction in this fluidic pressure allows the previously compressed spring assembly to expand and push the previously retracted friction surface to bring it into contact with the rotating surface with sufficient force to

  stop the rotation of the latter.

  More particularly, the present invention

  a safety device for selective control

  the movement of a moving surface, by means of

  of a stationary surface, comprising a means defined

  a first cavity, having a flexible member partially in contact with a first rigid member, said flexible member being partially spaced from said first rigid member, means for injecting a fluid under pressure into said first cavity, a

  means defining a second cavity in an ad-

  adjoining said first cavity, and including said flexible member partially in contact with a second rigid member and said flexible member being partially spaced from said second rigid member, a third rigid member disposed within said second cavity, contacting said flexible element and being spaced from said second rigid element, a compressible elastic means placed inside said

  second cavity and positioned so as to enter simultaneously

  element in contact with said second rigid element and said third rigid element, and means connecting said stationary surface to said flexible element, such that, whenever said pressurized fluid is injected into said first cavity, said flexible element is discarded said first rigid member to increase the dimensions of said first cavity, and said flexible member is brought closer to said second rigid member to reduce the dimensions of said second cavity by compressing the elastic means therein, and thereby separating said stationary surface from said movable surface such that, whenever said pressurized fluid is discharged from said first cavity, said flexible member is brought closer to said first rigid member to reduce the dimensions of said first cavity then

  said flexible element is moved away from said second element

  rigid to increase the dimensions of that se-

  cavity by expansion of said elastic means is

  in it, and so to bring the aforesaid

  stationary face of said movable surface.

  Other features and advantages of the

  will be highlighted, in the following

  Cription, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a plan view of the device of

  according to the invention, comprising a skid of

tion.

  Fig. 2 is a side view of the arrangement

  safety device of FIG. 1, the friction pad

being retracted.

  Fig. 3 represents a view from below of the dis-

positive security of FIG. 1.

  Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 1, the friction pad being in extension and the view being made after rotation

  90 in a clockwise direction.

  Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 1, the friction pad being retracted and the view being made after rotation of 90

  in a clockwise direction.

  Fig. 6 is a plan view of another embodiment of the safety device of the present invention.

  invention, mounted on a rotating shaft.

  Fig. 7 is an axial end view of the arrangement

  safety device of FIG. 6 along the rotating shaft. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the safety device taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7, the

  friction pad being in extension.

  Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the safety device taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 7, the skate

of friction being retracted.

  Fig. 10 shows the safety device, according to the invention, used in combination with a

rotating wheel.

  Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the whole

  made according to line 11-11 of FIG. 10.

  Fig. 12 represents the safety device according to the invention, used in combination with a

rotating disc.

  Fig. 13 represents in side view the whole

of FIG. 12.

  Fig. 14 represents the safety device according to the invention, used in combination at the same time

  with a rotating wheel and a rotating disc.

  Fig. 15 represents in side view the whole

of FIG. 14.

  Fig. 1 shows a plan view of the device

  1 safety device according to the invention, comprising a friction pad 2. The friction pad or shoe is

  stationary and motionless when in use.

  This means that the pad 2 can not rotate but can however move alternately so as to apply against a rotating element and to deviate from it. When in contact with the rotating element, the shoe 2 is held firmly in position as a part of the safety device, so that the friction pad remains stationary, stationary and non-rotating while it is in use. . The friction pad or shoe 2 is usually formed of a carbonaceous material, with a base material consisting of graphite.

  Fig. 2 is a side view of the arrangement

  safety device 1 of FIG. 1, the friction pad 2 being retracted, so that the friction pad 2 is tightly applied against a top retaining plate 3 of the safety device. The upper surface 4 of the friction pad 2 is parallel to the plate 3 and the lower surface 5 (shown in FIG.

  pad 2 is also parallel to the plate 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pad or friction shoe 2 has two sides substantially parallel to each other, and two sides which have a convex profile and which are connected to the two parallel sides. Each of the

  convex sides of the friction pad has a slot 6.

  Inside the slot 6 is arranged a

  fastener 7, as an anti-torsion metal bar,

  made of brass. The anti-torsion bar 7 can be seen more

  clearly in FIG. 4. These anti-torsion bars 7 ser-

  wind to stop the twisting motion of the skid of

  2 when the safety device is applied against a rotating surface which it must stop movement. These anti-torsion bars keep the friction pad as stationary as possible, and they also prevent the friction pad from falling from the safety brake when in its retracted position. As shown in FIG. 4, these

  torsion bars 7 also join the upper plate

  retaining element 3 with the lower retaining plate 8 so as to maintain between them all the working elements which constitute the cylinder and piston assembly of the safety device. The anti-torsion bars 7 are engaged in holes through the retaining plates 3 and 8 and they are flattened, or folded, on the rear side of the lower retaining plate 8

of the safety device 1.

  As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a spacing member 9 serves to cover the folded head of the anti-torsion bar and it allows to maintain the arm

Z578501

  rear anti-twist or lower retaining plate 8 flush with the bottom surface of the part

  rear of the security device according to the invention.

  This can easily be seen with reference to Figs. 3, 4 and 5.

  The safety device 1 of the present invention

  The invention comprises a spring biased module which is intended to actuate a friction surface and to be used as a safety accessory for the purpose of

  to be installed on certain types of brakes and

  brayage. Figs. 2, 4 and 5 show that the spring assembly friction module comprises a front end 10 and a rear end 11. The front end constitutes the part of the module which is adjacent to the friction pad 2. The rear end 11 of the module

  constitutes the remote part of the friction pad 2.

  Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 1, the friction pad 2 being

  then removed from the front surface of the top plate.

  This view has been turned 900 in the direction of the needles

of a watch.

  Figure 5 shows a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 1, the friction pad 2 being retracted and adjacent to the front surface of the upper plate 3. This view has been rotated 90 in the direction

clockwise.

  To separate the front end 10 of the end

  rear 11, there is provided a diaphragm 22, as shown in FIG.

Figs. 4 and 5.

  As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the end

  10 comprises a piston 13 which carries a magnetic ring

  The friction shoe 2 made of graphite carries a steel ring 15 along its inner surface, in an area adjacent to the magnetic ring 14 and serves to hold the friction pad 2 firmly in place.

12 2578501

  a position adjacent to the piston 13.

  Figure 4 shows the friction pad 2 which is outwardly extended relative to the upper retaining plate 3 and is in contact with a surface S of the rotating member R, which may be formed of cast iron. Fig. 5 represents the friction pad 2 retracted towards the upper retaining plate

3 and in contact therewith.

  As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the safety device generally comprises a means defining a first cavity 16, which is constituted by a flexible element of the diaphragm type 12, made of fabric or rubber impermeable to the fluid, this diaphragm being partially in contact with a first element

  rigid 17 which is part of the front end 10.

  The flexible element 12 is partially spaced from the first rigid element 17, so as to form the cavity I6, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As shown in FIG. 5

  there is provided a means 18 for injecting a hydraulic fluid

  air or pneumatic, like air; under pressure in the first cavity 16. This injection means 18 comprises

  a conduit which is attached to the front end 10 of the disc

  positive security and it also comprises a nozzle 19 which opens into the first cavity 16. The means 18 is also used to remove and discharge fluid

  from inside the security device.

  The safety device also comprises means, shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and defining a

  second cavity 20 adjacent to the first cavity 16.

  This second cavity is delimited by the flexible element constituted by the diaphragm 12, which partially comes into contact with a second rigid element 21 forming part of the rear end 11. The flexible element 12 is partially spaced from this second rigid element

21.

  As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, it is planned

  a third rigid element 22 placed in the second housing

  20 and in contact with the flexible element constituted by the diaphragm 12. The third element 22 is spaced apart from the second rigid element 210.

  23 and 24 are placed within the se-

  20 and are positioned so as to simultaneously enter cot.ct with the second rigid element 21 and with the troiiSi-U! 6: sn 'help 22o These means l ....... e = oeC. ......... do not consist of a set of rdssctar ex, apie, springs of this mssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss .. '' '' '' '. The six springs 23 c -'--, and they have one more gerand, S e r identical 24 of a second

  Who is it? Do not forget: - a smaller di er.

  The towns and villages are housed in

  a machined in the extreme rear end

  iIr -L. This is the case of the metal miodule g7i and u. You have imposed steel on yourself, the small spring. A large spring 23 is housed in the cavity and is held along its outer periphery. A small spring 24 is e-housed and kept inside

  large spring 23 by a rod 26 formed during the machining

swimming of the cavity.

  The embodiment having a first spring, fitted in a second spring, provides the advantage of allowing the application of a much higher elastic pressure which is counterbalanced in a compact and limited area, compared to the case

  o one would use one of the big springs.

  This embodiment involving a first spring engaged in a second spring has the other advantage that, if a spring is damaged or broken, the other spring can still fulfill its function of assistance, or reserve, and security. The second rigid element 21 serves to compress the springs 23 and 24 when an air pressure is introduced into the cavity 16 via a nozzle 19 placed on the front side of the diaphragm 12, which

  is part of the cylinder and piston assembly. The dia-

  The diaphragm 12 is moved rearwardly by causing the forward end of the module to be driven backward to compress the springs between the second rigid member 21 and the third rigid member 22. When the air pressure is sufficiently reduced , this allows the springs to decompress, to expand

  and move the piston 13 forward.

  Consequently, each time the fluid under pressure is injected into the first cavity, the flexible element 12 is moved away from the first rigid element 17 so as to increase the dimensions of the first cavity 16. This increase can be appreciated. dimensions by comparison of the small dimensions of the cavity 16 of Figure 4 with the

  large dimensions of the cavity 16 of Figure 5.

  The flexible element 12 is moved towards the second rigid element 21 in order to reduce the dimensions of the second cavity 20 from the large volume shown in FIG. 4 to the small volume represented on the

  Figure 5. A reduction in the size of the second category

  20 also produces a compression of the springs 23 and 24 seats therein, so as to move the stationary surface friction pad 2 away from the surface

  movable S of a rotating element R, such as the rotating disc

  nant shown in Figures 12 to 15.

2578501

  Whenever the fluid under pressure is

  evacuated from the first cavity 16, the flexible element

  staged by the diaphragm 12 is brought closer to the first ele-

  rigidly 17 by the springs 23 and 24, so as to reduce the dimensions of the first cavity 16. This state of affairs can be appreciated by comparing the first cavity 16 of large dimensions shown in FIG. 5 with the much smaller cavity shown in FIG. 4. While a reduction in dimensions of the first cavity 16 occurs when the diaphragm 12 is moved away from the second rigid element 21, there is a simultaneous increase in the

  dimensions of the second cavity 20. This is highlighted by

  dence in FIG. 5 o we realize the small di-

  mounts of the second cavity 20 as compared to FIG. 4, which shows the large dimensions of the second cavity 20. Consequently, an increase in the dimensions of the second cavity occurs by expansion of the elastic springs 23, 24 contained therein, so as to produce a movement of the friction pad with stationary surface 2 end of the moving surface S of the rotating element R, said element R having stopped its

rotation movement.

  The safety device comprises a reciprocating member, or piston 13, which connects the friction pad 2 to the flexible diaphragm 12, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. This connecting member, constituted by the piston 13, is a fourth rigid element Y-shaped, provided with a large central portion 27 having L-shaped arms 28 and 29 which are fixed in a continuous manner

  on it, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In

  the piston 13 comprises this central portion 27 which

  consists of a cylindrical tube provided with a collar

  shaped liner 10 which is integrally bonded to the tube, such that the outer ends are curved outwardly to form the L-shaped arms 28

  and 29, oriented at right angles. The central tubular part

  The tread of the cylinder 27 is hollow and threaded so that a fastening means 30 can be placed and held thereon. Accordingly, the connecting means constituted by the piston 13 comprises the fourth rigid element 27 provided with a magnet 14 carried by the arms 28 and 29

  L-shape to keep the 1-weight of stationary

* 2. The front surface 4 shall be kept stationary

  nary. The connecting means constituted by the piston 13 further comprises at its other end the means ensuring

  the attachment of the diaphragm 12. This fastening means comprises

  takes the set of compressible elastic springs 23 and 24 against the third rigid element 22, which in turn rests against the flexible diaphragm 12, to maintain this diaphragm tightly applied against

  the fourth rigid element 13 along its central portion

  27. The fastening means further comprises the member ensuring the coupling of the third rigid element 22 with the fourth rigid element 27 in order to maintain

between them the flexible element 12.

  A comparison of FIGS. 4 and 5 shows that when compressed air injected through the nozzle 19 causes the flexible diaphragm 12 to move to the left, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, that is, to say towards the rear end wall 8, the coupling means 30 moves towards the rear surface of the second rigid element 21. The end of the means

  coupling 30 rests in its notched portion 31.

  The third rigid element 22 has a lip

  36 and an inner lip 37 for use

  hold together the spring assemblies 23 and 24

  boxed into each other. The outer lip 36 has a uniformly curved portion which comes into contact

with the diaphragm 12.

  As shown in FIG. 4, there is provided between the outer lip 36 and the uniformly curved portion 38 of the element 21 the cavity 16 in which a portion of the diaphragm 12 is provided with a curved profile in the form of a freely floating curvilinear loop 39 of so as not to come into contact with any of the rigid elements of the safety device. This free floating loop 39 allows an increase in dimensions of the cavity 16 when the friction pad 2 is retracted by the piston 13, as shown in Fig.5; and it further allows a reduction in dimensions of the cavity 16 when the friction pad 2 is outwardly out of the piston 13, as indicated on

  FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5, the loop 39 becomes

  against the shoulder 40 when the shoe 2 is complete

  retracted against the upper retaining plate 3.

  When the piston 13 moves to the left from its position shown in FIG. 4 in

  its position shown in FIG. 5, the maximum distance

  The length of movement 32 is also equal to the distance traveled by the end of the connecting means 30 when it is close to the notched portion 31 formed in the groove. rear surface of the second rigid element 21. This displacement length 32 is also equal to the maximum distance which moves the arms 28 and 29 of the piston when they pass through the cylindrical part of the safety device, defined by the space existing between the plate upper retaining wall 3 and the front surface of the first rigid element 17.

  displacement length 22 is also equal to the distance

  the maximum displacement of the central part of the diaphragm 12 connected to the third rigid element 22 when

18 2578501

  enlargement of the cavity 16, as indicated on the

Fig. 5.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the front end part 10 and the rear end part 11 are also connected together by auxiliary fixing means

33, such as metal screws.

  As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the provision

  Safety device 1 is connected to a fixed structure, which can be constituted, for example, by a part of the frame of a machine with which the safety device,

  namely the brake cylinder assembly, must be used.

  The safety device 1 can be coupled to this fixed structure, for example by an external means of

  fixing 34 which can be a bolt.

  As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the diaphragm 12, to speak in a general way, separates the end

  before the rear end 11 of the

  curity. The front end 10 has a silicone O-ring which is housed inside the central part of the wall of the first element 17. The O-ring 35 establishes a fluid-tight seal for the

  front end portion 10 around the piston 13 to prevent

  a loss of fluid pressure, such as air pressure, during and after the extension and retraction strokes of the piston 13. When a hydraulic fluid is to be used, then instead of an O-ring can be used. 35 silicone sealing means

known appropriate fluidics.

  The front end of the safety device serves as a stroke limiter, that is to say, it prevents the piston 13 from coming out beyond its maximum length stroke 32. The front end 10 also serves as part of the stroke. supplying air for introducing and discharging air via hose connectors 18, said connectors being screwed into tapped holes in the front end. The piston 13 constitutes the effective working element of the cylinder and piston assembly, since it makes out and retracts the non-rotating friction pad 2 with respect to a friction surface S of the rotating type belonging to a brake, or

to a clutch.

  Any component of the safety device that must come into contact with the flexible diaphragm must be sufficiently rounded and / or smooth to prevent

  damage or cut-out of the diaphragm.

  The safety device 1 of the present invention

  The invention can be used to selectively engage rubbing contact with a freely rotating member such as one of freely rotating shafts and friction surfaces which are shown in FIGS. 6 to 15, so as to stop a rotating element completely by

Turning.

  Fig. 6 represents a plan view of another

  embodiment of the safety device of the pre-

  invention, mounted on a rotating shaft. Fig. 7

  represents an axial end view of the safety device

  of FIG. 6, made along the rotating shaft.

  Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the safety device taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7, the friction pad being in extended position. Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of the safety device

  made according to line 9-9 of FIG. 7, the skid of

  being in the retracted position.

  Considering Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9, it will be seen that the same numerical references as those of FIGS. 1 to 5, whenever possible, to designate like parts in FIGS. 6 to 9, except that in these FIGS. 6 to 9, the aforementioned numerical references are increased by "200" to designate the

  same peculiarities. Also, to abbreviate the description,

  not all the features of Figs. 6-9 which are the same as corresponding features of Figs. 1 to 5, except when it will be necessary to explain how the embodiment of Figs. 6 to 9 operates differently from the embodiment

shown in Figs. 1 to 5.

  The safety device 201 is shown in FIGS. 6 to 9. This security device 201 also has the security features of the sets

  springs of Figs. 1 to 5. Again the objective of the

  positive is to create a mechanical way on to stop a rotating mechanism. In a situation where the safety brake does not receive the pneumatic pressure to maintain the brake in the clamped position, or is not actuated, the device complies with

  the invention will be put into operation, producing a

  sufficient torque and torque, by means of the decompressor

  spring assemblies, to stop the mechanism

  turning on which it was mounted.

  The security device 201 consists of several

  individual parts, many of which are interchangeable with those of the safety device 1

  described above. This device comprises a crankcase

  This housing 50 is held stationary by means of a key 52 and a locking screw 53 which engages in the shoulder 54 of a friction disc 55, as well as by a locking screw ring 56 which is mounted on the inner ring 57 of a first ball bearing 58 placed at the rear end 211 of the safety device 201. The key 52 and the locking screw 53 are placed

at the front end 210.

  The front end 210 of the safety device also contains a second ball bearing 59 which is mounted around the portion 59. The combined function of the first and second ball bearings 58 and 59 consists of

  to maintain the safety device 201 in a condition of

  where it turns concentrically to the shaft 51, in

  fishing for internal components to come into contact with the tree. This is highlighted in Figs. 8 and 9, where the spacing or anti-contact tolerance interval is maintained between the rotating shaft 51 and the parts

  non-rotating, but nevertheless movable alternative-

  or even immobile, of the safety device.

  The friction pad 202 is not rotating, but can be

  move alternately, is kept motionless and sta-

  when the friction disc rotates each time the carrier shaft 51 is rotated,

  all other components are stationary and stationary.

  As shown in FIG. 9, this result is achieved by attaching a mounting bracket (not shown) between a solid stationary portion of the machine and the device 201. Tapped holes 61 are provided in the housing 50 and holes 62 are provided in the rear end. 211, for this purpose. This allows the friction brake disc 55 to rotate along with the shaft 51 while all other components within the housing 50

remain non-rotating.

  The friction pad 202 non-rotating station

  the first moving surface, or shaft 51, and in a position adjacent to the second movable surface, or brake disk 55, by at least one

  or by the two ball bearings 58 and 59.

  As shown in Figs. 8 and 9, there is provided a reciprocating member, or piston 213, which connects

  the friction pad 202 with the flexible diaphragm 212.

  The piston 213 has a central portion 227 which is completely traversed by a concentric bore, which creates a clearance gap around the rotating shaft 51, allowing the piston to move alternately and freely on the shaft. The central portion 227 is threaded at both ends so that a disc-shaped threaded flange, with L-shaped arms 228 and 229 oriented at right angles, can be attached to this portion at the location of the gasket 63. At the other end of the portion 227, the third threaded rigid member 222 is attached thereto at the joint location.

threaded 64.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the first rigid member is designated 217; the second rigid member is designated 221; the third rigid element is designated 222; and the fourth rigid member is constituted by the reciprocating piston 213. The threaded joint 64 is incorporated in the central portion 227 and is part of the means provided at the rear end of the fourth rigid member 213 for attaching the flexible diaphragm 212 to that -this. This threaded joint 64 is therefore part of the coupling means of the third rigid element 222 with the fourth rigid element 213 in order to

  to fix between them the flexible diaphragm.

  The casing 50, which is metallic, can be formed

  of aluminum and serves to maintain the

  201. The housing 50 slides axially on all

  components housed in this housing and is supported internally

  secondly by the first and the second ball bearings inside the casings 58 and 59. The casing 50 is held in the correct position by fixing members consisting of visible metal screws 61

in Figs. 6, 7 and 9.

  When a replacement of the friction pad 202 becomes necessary, the degree of wear of this pad can be defined visually through the vent slots 65 which are distributed at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the casing. These slots 65 are also used to allow the escape into the atmosphere of heat accumulated by friction between the pad 202 and the disk, thus ensuring cooling of the internal components. To change the friction pad 202, the screws 61 of the housing 50 are removed and the bar 56 placed at the rear end of the shaft 60 is loosened. The two connections 218 for flexible hoses and the inner assembly are removed. by sliding the inside of the housing, in

  thus facilitating access to the friction pad 202.

  In summary, the security device 201 functions

  is in the same way as the safety device 1, since the two devices 1 and 201 contain a friction module with sets of springs. However, the devices 1 and 201 differ in that the safety device 1 is intended to be used as a component of a brake or a clutch, separately or in multiple units to obtain a range of safety or a desired torque factor. The safety device 201 is an integral unit, designed to be used only in braking operations

or clutch.

  The security device can be used in

  a continuous sliding operation where the module of friction

  tion to sets of springs would apply in the posi-

  retraction under the effect of air pressure on the diaphragm to compress the springs. If, for example,

  an operator responsible for driving a hoisting machine

  prematurely stops the air pressure or substantially reduces the air supply in order to prevent correct operation of the tensioners, thus causing a decrease in tension in the wound material, the spring assembly friction module is put into operation and restores the imposed tension, or applies to

  mechanism enough pressure to stop it.

  This prevents damage to the product being

  rolled out, or avoids injury to staff,

  that the cause of the incident is detected and corrected

  or until the machine is stopped.

  The friction modules with spring assemblies therefore ensure that the safety device

  assist the rest of the braking systems in case of inci-

  working tooth. In an operation oriented

  purely for safety, a brake or clutch

  holding only modules with sets of springs se-

  would be immobilized until his intervention becomes necessary, for example in an emergency. It would then be put back into service by controlled circumstances or

not controlled.

  Fig. 10 represents the safety device 1

  used in combination with a revolving wheel 70 to

  ner. Although FIG. 10 shows the use of three different safety devices 1, only one of these safety devices is necessary. Fig. 10 also shows how the safety device 1 can be moved outwardly (as indicated by the dotted lines 1A) away from

  the wheel 70, around external fixing means 34.

  This allows inspection, repair or

  place the safety device 1 periodically.

  This pivoting movement of the safety device 1 is also highlighted in FIG. 1 (by dashed lines IA). A curvilinear slot 95 shown in FIG. 14 is also a means of

  allowing this pivoting movement of the device 1.

  Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 10, taken along line 11-11 of FIG. 10. The rotating wheel 70 is composed of two parallel disks 71 and 72 which are aligned so as to have the same longitudinal axis, each disk having a diameter equal to that of the other disk. These two parallel disks 71 and 72 are joined together in the central portion 73 of the wheel. A rotating shaft 74 is fixed inside a channel formed in the center of the central portion 73 of the wheel.

  Several cooling fins are provided

  75, of curved profile, distributed at equal intervals and extending radially outwards by

  relationship to the periphery of each rotating disc at

  shot from a point approximately in the middle of each disc, this being measured radially from

of the central axis of the shaft 74.

  An external fixing means 34 of the safety device 1 comprises a bolt or a stud which passes

  through a flange 76, which is connected to a structure

  stationary stationary body (not shown), such as a part of a machine frame, or part of a building structure, adjacent to the safety device 1. A coil spring 77, which is optionally disposed around each bolt, serves to absorb vibrations and to minimize misalignment

  by the security device 1 during service.

  The safety device 1 of FIG. 11 is supplied with pressurized air via a fluid supply duct 78. This safety device comprises a pair of friction modules with sets of springs arranged in tandem back-to-back and having two friction pads 2 and 2A. These pads 2 and 2A are parallel to each other and they are also

  parallel to the inner surfaces of the disks

71 and 72.

  Although two devices are provided for

  curity and two friction pads, shown in FIG. 11, only one skid 2 is needed to ensure

  stopping the rotation of the wheel 70.

  Whenever there is sufficient pressure

  In the fluid supply duct 78, the two friction pads 2 and 2A are retracted and kept out of contact with the inner surfaces of the rotating discs 71 and 72. This allows these discs to rotate freely when the wheel 70 Turn around

  74. If there were an important reduction in

  In that case, the two friction pads 2 and 2A would be displaced in extension outwardly and away from each other. Finally, the pads 2 and 2A would come into rubbing contact with the inner surfaces of the rotating discs 71 and 72 with a force to stop the rotating wheel 70 and the shaft

turning 74.

  Figs. 12 and 13 show the safety device 1 used in combination with a single disc brake 80. The safety device 1 is arranged and positioned so as to be in the form of a

  jaw device relative to the disk 80.

  As shown in FIG. 13, there is provided at least two safety devices 1, which are each mounted parallel to the disk 80 and relative to each other, on the opposite sides of the disk 80. External fixing means 34 contribute to positioning and maintaining said safety devices in this fixed relationship by locking the safety devices on an L-shaped carrier 81. The carrier 81 is connected

to a stationary stationary structure 82.

  The safety devices of FIG. 13 are supplied with compressed air via fluid supply conduits 78. There are two safety devices 1 which are positioned so that the friction pads 1 and 2A are placed on opposite sides of the disc 80 and are parallel to surfaces

272578501

rotating disk 80.

  Although two safety devices are

  and two friction pads, visible in Fig.1I3, a single pad 2 is necessary to suitably stop the rotation of the disc 80. Whenever there is sufficient air pressure in the ducts 78, the two friction pads 2 and 2A would be retracted and kept out of contact with the opposite sides of the rotating disc 80. This would allow the disc 80 to

  turn freely around the tree 83. If it occurs

  knows a significant decrease in pressure in the con-

  fluid feed ducts 78, then the two friction pads 2 and 2A would be displaced outwardly from each device 1 and one towards

  the other. Finally, the friction pads 2 and 2A

  would be in rubbing contact with opposite sides of the

  rotating disk 80, with a force enabling immobilization

  read the rotating disc 80 and the rotating shaft 83.

  Figs. 14 and 15 show the safety devices 1 used in combination with both a rotating wheel, similar to the wheel 70 of FIGS. 10 and 11, and a rotating disk, similar to disk 80 of FIGS. 12 and 13. The wheel 70 and the disc 80 are fixed together and rotate together about a shaft 74 so as to be arranged coaxially and concentrically around

  of the shaft 74 which establishes a common axis of rotation.

  To simplify the description, we will not repeat the

  description, made above, of the functioning of

components 70 and 80.

  Figs. 14 and 15 also show that the same metering system and fluid supply 90 can be provided to control the air pressure and the flow rate.

  volumetrically simultaneously in the feed ducts 78

  fluidization of the safety devices 1 which are placed in positions adjacent to the wheel 70 and Z3

disk 80.

  The metering system 90 serves to control the air pressure in the fluid transmission conduits

  91 and 92. This is done in such a way as to adapt the

  sion prevailing in the transmission duct 91 resulting in the disk pressure device 93 with the pressure prevailing in the transmission duct 92

  terminating at the wheel pressure distributor 94.

  Air under sufficient pressure flows through the supply conduit 91 into the disc pressure distributor 93, where it is redistributed via conduits 78 into the safety devices 1 located at the way to

  jaws on the opposite surfaces of the disk 80.

  Air at the same sufficient pressure flows through the supply conduit 92 into the wheel pressure distributor 94 where it is redistributed via conduits 78 into the

  safety devices 1 placed in adjoining areas

  to the inner surfaces of the wheel 70.

  As long as the air pressure supplied to the control system 90 is sufficient, the friction pads

  2 and 2A are retracted and kept apart from the sur-

  rotating face to which they are adjacent, in

  thus putting a continuation of its rotation. If the pressure

  air pressure is significantly reduced, the

  Mande 90 coordinates this pressure drop so as to equalize it between the transmission conduits 91 and 92. This produces an equalization of the pressures applied to the distributors 93 and 94, producing equalization of the pressures in all the conduits 78 leading to all the Safety devices 1. As a result, all the safety devices 1 react to the pressure drop by simultaneously pulling out the friction pads outwardly to bring them into rubbing contact with the rotating surfaces. As a result, the rotational movements of the disc brake 80, the

  wheel brake 70 and shaft 74 are stopped simultaneously.

  ously. The combination of the safety device 1 with a rotating wheel brake 70 placed in an adjacent position and / or with a rotating disk brake 80 placed in an adjacent position constitutes a safety assembly. Preferably, the wheel 70 and the brake 80,

  if used in combination, are attached concen-

  tripling and are arranged coaxially around a

common axis of rotation.

  Of course, the present invention is not

  limited to the embodiments described and

  sented; it is capable of many variants accessible to those skilled in the art, depending on the intended applications and without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (14)

  1. Safety device for controlling selective   the movement of a moving surface by means of a stationary surface, characterized in that it comprises: a means defining a first cavity (16), comprising a flexible element (12) partially in contact   with a first rigid element (17), said flexible element   ble (12) being partially spaced from said first rigid member (17), means (18) for injecting a fluid under pressure into said first cavity (16), means defining a second cavity (20) in an area adjacent to said first cavity (16) cavity (16), comprising said flexible member (12) partially in contact with a second rigid member (21) and said flexible member (12) being partially spaced from said second rigid member (21), a third rigid member (22) disposed at within said second cavity (20), by contacting and being spaced apart from said flexible member (12)   second rigid element (21), a resilient means compres-   sible (23, 24) disposed within said second cavity (20) and positioned to simultaneously engage said second rigid member (21) and said third rigid member (22), and means connecting said surface stationary to said flexible member (12), such that, whenever said pressurized fluid is injected into said first cavity (16), said flexible member (12) is spaced apart from said first rigid member (17) to increase the dimensions of said first cavity, and said flexible member (12) is brought closer to said second rigid member (21) to reduce the dimensions of said second cavity by compressing the resilient means (23, 24) therein, and so as to move said stationary surface away from said movable surface so that, whenever said pressurized fluid is discharged from said first 31 2578501   cavity (16), said flexible member (12) is brought closer to said first rigid member (17) to reduce the dimensions of said first cavity (16) while said flexible member (12) is spaced apart from said second rigid member (21) to increase the dimensions of said second cavity (20) by expanding said elastic means (23, 24) therein, and thereby bringing said stationary surface closer to said moving surface.   2. Safety device according to claim 1,   characterized in that said elastic means comprise   a set of springs (23, 24).   3. Safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that said set of springs comprises a first spring (24) nested inside a second spring (23).   4. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting means comprises a fourth rigid element (27) comprising means for   supporting said stationary surface to one of its ex-   trémités. 5. Safety device according to claim 4, characterized in that said connecting means comprise   in addition, means provided at the other end of said quadrant   third rigid element (27) for fixing said element flexible (23, 24) on it.   6. Safety device according to claim 5, characterized in that said fixing means comprise said elastic compressible means (23, 24) resting on said third rigid element (22), which in turn relies on said element hose (12) to maintain said flexible member (12) tightly applied against   said fourth rigid element (27). 32 2578501   Safety device according to claim 6,   characterized in that said securing means comprises   in addition to the means to ensure the coupling of   said third rigid element (22) with said fourth rigid element (27) so as to fix between them flexible element (12).   The security device of claim 1, further characterized in that it includes means for positioning said stationary surface around a first movable surface and in an area   adjacent to a second moving surface.   9. Safety device according to claim 8, characterized in that said positioning means comprise at least one set of balls placed in a ball bearing (58).   10. Safety device according to claim 8, characterized in that said positioning means comprise a first set of balls placed in a first bearing (58) disposed at one end of said safety device, and a second set of balls.   placed in a second bearing (59) provided to the other ex-   tremity of said safety device.   11. Security assembly comprising at least one   security device as claimed in the   dicaeion 1 and a revolving wheel (70) adjacent to said safety device (1).   12. Safety assembly comprising at least one   security device as claimed in the   1 and a rotating disk (80) adjacent to said safety device (1).   A security assembly comprising at least two security devices as claimed in claim 1, a revolving wheel (70) adjacent to one of the two aforementioned security devices and a disk   rotating member (80) joined to said rotating wheel (70) and   to the other of the two safety devices   cited, said wheel (70) and said disk (80) being concentrically joined and positioned coaxially about a common axis of rotation.   14. Safety device for selectively controlling   the movement of a moving surface, by means of a stationary surface, characterized in that it comprises a friction module with sets of springs comprising   means for injecting a fluid under pressure to   primer a set of springs placed inside said   module, so as to maintain said stationary surface   a shrinkage of said fluidic pressure allows the previously compressed spring assembly to expand and push said stationary surface,   previously retracted until it comes into   tact with said movable surface with sufficient force to stop his movement.