FR2570828A1 - SINGLE COIL DIFFERENTIAL TYPE INDUSTRIAL PROBE FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF STEEL PRODUCTS - Google Patents

SINGLE COIL DIFFERENTIAL TYPE INDUSTRIAL PROBE FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF STEEL PRODUCTS Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2570828A1
FR2570828A1 FR8514067A FR8514067A FR2570828A1 FR 2570828 A1 FR2570828 A1 FR 2570828A1 FR 8514067 A FR8514067 A FR 8514067A FR 8514067 A FR8514067 A FR 8514067A FR 2570828 A1 FR2570828 A1 FR 2570828A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
steel products
differential type
single coil
destructive testing
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FR8514067A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Federico Monti
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Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico SpA
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Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico SpA
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Publication of FR2570828A1 publication Critical patent/FR2570828A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/90Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
    • G01N27/9046Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents by analysing electrical signals

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

SONDE DE TYPE DIFFERENTIEL POUR LE CONTROLE NON DESTRUCTIF DE PRODUITS SIDERURGIQUES BASEE SUR LE PRINCIPE DES COURANTS PARASITES OU DE LA RESONANCE ELECTROMAGNETIQUE, QUI NE NECESSITE POUR SON FONCTIONNEMENT QU'UN SEUL ENROULEMENT, LA FONCTION DU SECOND ENROULEMENT ETANT REMPLIE AU MOYEN D'UN ORDINATEUR.DIFFERENTIAL TYPE PROBE FOR THE NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONTROL OF STEEL PRODUCTS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF PARASITE CURRENTS OR ELECTROMAGNETIC RESONANCE, WHICH NEEDS FOR ITS OPERATION ONLY ONE WINDING, THE FUNCTION OF THE SECOND WINDING BEING FILLED WITH A COMPUTER .

Description

SONDE INDUSTRIELLE DE TYPE DIFFERENTIEL À BOBINEDIFFERENTIAL COIL-TYPE INDUSTRIAL PROBE

UNIQUE POUR LE CONTROLE NON DESTRUCTIF DE  UNIQUE FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION OF

PRODUITS SIDÉRURGIQUESo La présente invention concerne un système de mesure pour le contrôle non destructif de produits d'aciérie, et plus précisément pour la détection à froid et à chaud de défauts sur des produits en brames, en  The present invention relates to a measurement system for the non-destructive testing of steelworks, and more specifically for the cold and hot detection of faults on slab products, in

blooms et en billettes.blooms and billets.

Le système décrit consiste en une alternative et  The system described consists of an alternative and

une amélioration des systèmes de mesure à sonde diffé-  improved measurement systems with different probes

rentielle d'usage courant basée sur le principe des courants parasites (courants de Foucault) et peut être  current standard based on the principle of stray currents (eddy currents) and can be

appliqué à d'autres systèmes de mesure de type électro-  applied to other electro- type measurement systems

magnetique (résonance électromagnétique).  magnetic (electromagnetic resonance).

Pour faciliter la compréhension de la méthode décrite ci-après, on décrira le principe de la mesure au  To facilitate understanding of the method described below, the principle of measurement will be described.

moyen des courants parasites.by means of stray currents.

Une sonde basée sur les courants parasites est  A stray current probe is

constituée par une bobine dans les enroulements primai-  consisting of a coil in the primary windings

res de laquelle circulent les courants générés par un oscillateur. Ces courants génèrent un champ magnétique alterné qui provoque l'apparition de courants parasites  res of which circulate the currents generated by an oscillator. These currents generate an alternating magnetic field which causes the appearance of parasitic currents

dans la matière soumise à l'examen.  in the subject under examination.

Ces courants génèrent à leur tour un champ élec-  These currents in turn generate an electric field

tromagnétique qui induit des tensions dans l'enroulement  tromagnetic which induces tensions in the winding

secondaire de la bobine. Ces tensions varient en fonc-  secondary coil. These voltages vary depending on

tion de la distance entre la matière examinée et la  tion of the distance between the material examined and the

sonde et en fonction de la nature de la matière concer-  probe and depending on the nature of the material concerned

nee. Dans des réalisations connues par les experts de la branche, le principe susmentionné est généralement appliqué au moyen de deux bobines identiques, disposées côte à côte, à une distance appropriée et réglable, et  born. In embodiments known to experts in the industry, the above principle is generally applied by means of two identical coils, placed side by side, at an appropriate and adjustable distance, and

raccordées en opposition de phase.connected in opposite phase.

De cette manière, vu que les bobines 1 et 2 sont identiques et raccordées en opposition de phase e les tensions s'annulent quand la partie de la matière qui fait face à chacune des bobines est identique pour les deux bobines. En d'autres mots, on se trouve devant la relation: (*Vla + *Vlb+ *Vlc) - (*V2a+*V2b+*V2c) = 0 (1) dans laquelle *Va = tension due à la distance depuis la matière a l'examen, *Vb = tension due à la matière exempte de défauts et due en particulier à la seule rugosité superficielle de la matière supposée constante,  In this way, since the coils 1 and 2 are identical and connected in phase opposition, the voltages cancel out when the part of the material which faces each of the coils is identical for the two coils. In other words, we are faced with the relation: (* Vla + * Vlb + * Vlc) - (* V2a + * V2b + * V2c) = 0 (1) in which * Va = voltage due to the distance from the material a the examination, * Vb = tension due to the material free from defects and due in particular to the only surface roughness of the material supposed to be constant,

*Vc = tension due aux défauts.* Vc = voltage due to faults.

Comme les deux bobines sont disposées côte à côte, on suppose que la distance entre elles et la matière à l'examen est la même dans les deux cas et il s'ensuit que: *Vla = *V2a (2)  As the two coils are arranged side by side, it is assumed that the distance between them and the material under examination is the same in both cases and it follows that: * Vla = * V2a (2)

De même, comme on suppose que la rugosité super-  Likewise, as it is supposed that the roughness super-

ficielle est constante, on a également *Vlb = *V2b (3) Quand la bobine 1 fait face à une matière exempte de défaut tandis que la bobine 2 fait face à une matière qui présente un défaut, condition qui peut être obtenue par réglage opportun de la distance entre les axes des enroulements, on obtient - en tenant compte des relations 1, 2 et 3 - que: *Vlc= 0 *V2c * 0 La valeur *V2c est la tension qui indique la  is constant, we also have * Vlb = * V2b (3) When the coil 1 faces a defect-free material while the coil 2 faces a material that has a defect, condition which can be obtained by appropriate adjustment of the distance between the axes of the windings, we obtain - taking into account the relationships 1, 2 and 3 - that: * Vlc = 0 * V2c * 0 The value * V2c is the voltage which indicates the

présence et l'importance du défaut.  presence and extent of the defect.

La sonde différentielle qui fait l'objet de la présente invention ne nécessite pour son fonctionnement qu'une seule bobine, l'opération différentielle étant effectuée par un ordinateur étant donné que les données  The differential probe which is the subject of the present invention requires for its operation only one coil, the differential operation being carried out by a computer since the data

de tension sont mémorisées par un programme préétabli.  voltage are memorized by a preset program.

Les valeurs des tensions mesurées répondent à la relation: *V = *Va+ *Vb + *Vc  The values of the measured voltages correspond to the relationship: * V = * Va + * Vb + * Vc

7082870828

On calcule, par -des méthodes statistiques et en partant de données mémorisées des mesures effectuées antérieurement, des valeurs moyennes des tensions dues a la distance entre l'enroulement et la surface (*Vam) et des valeurs moyennes des tensions dues à la matière  Average values of the voltages due to the distance between the winding and the surface (* Vam) and average values of the voltages due to the material are calculated, by statistical methods and starting from stored data of the measurements made previously.

exempte de défauts (*Vbm).free of faults (* Vbm).

Pour chaque point de mesure, on soustrait de la valeur de tension totale *V les valeurs *Vam et *Vbm et on obtient donc *V - *Vam - *Vbm = *Vc Les valeurs sortantes *Vc sont les valeurs dues  For each measurement point, we subtract the values * Vam and * Vbm from the total voltage value * V and we therefore obtain * V - * Vam - * Vbm = * Vc The outgoing values * Vc are the due values

aux défauts.faults.

En se basant sur ce principe on n'utilise - comme on l'a indiqué - qu'une seule bobine en éliminant ainsi la difficulté de disposer de deux bobines parfaitement identiques tout en simplifiant la partie mécanique de  Based on this principle we only use - as indicated - a single coil, thus eliminating the difficulty of having two perfectly identical coils while simplifying the mechanical part of

l'ajustement des distances, partie manifestement déli-  the adjustment of the distances, part obviously

cate, dans un système qui travaille par exemple A des températures élevées, et critique vu que la régulation mécanique - aussi parfaite soitelle - est toujours sujette en principe A des erreurs qui entraînent la diminution de la sensibilité et de la précision des mesures.  cate, in a system which works for example at high temperatures, and critical since the mechanical regulation - however perfect it is - is always subject in principle to errors which involve the reduction of the sensitivity and the precision of the measurements.

Claims (1)

REVENDICATIONCLAIM Sonde différentielie à bobine unique dans laquel-  Single coil differential probe in which le la deuxième bobine est remplacée par un ordinateur qui soustrait des valeurs de tension a la sortie de -la bobine les valeurs de tension dues à la distance entre l'enroulement et la surface de la matière *Vam et les  the second coil is replaced by a computer which subtracts voltage values at the output of the coil - the voltage values due to the distance between the winding and the surface of the material * Vam and the valeurs de la tension due a la matière exempte de dé-  values of the tension due to the material free of fauts *Vbm de telle manière que le résultat de l'opéra-  * Vbm faults in such a way that the result of the operation- tion de soustraction soit une valeur de tension *Vc im-  subtraction is a voltage value * Vc im- putable a la présence d'un défaut dans la matière exami-  putable in the presence of a defect in the material examined née soumise à la bobine, les valeurs *Vam et *Vbm étant  born subject to the coil, the values * Vam and * Vbm being calculées au moyen de logiciels qui élaborent des don-  calculated using software that generates data nées de mesures mémorisées.from stored measurements.
FR8514067A 1984-09-25 1985-09-23 SINGLE COIL DIFFERENTIAL TYPE INDUSTRIAL PROBE FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF STEEL PRODUCTS Pending FR2570828A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT48901/84A IT1177991B (en) 1984-09-25 1984-09-25 INDUSTRIAL PROBE OF DIFFERENTIAL TYPE WITH A SINGLE COIL FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONTROL OF STEEL PRODUCTS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2570828A1 true FR2570828A1 (en) 1986-03-28

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FR8514067A Pending FR2570828A1 (en) 1984-09-25 1985-09-23 SINGLE COIL DIFFERENTIAL TYPE INDUSTRIAL PROBE FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF STEEL PRODUCTS

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Country Link
BE (1) BE903300A (en)
DE (1) DE3533311A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2570828A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2169080A (en)
IT (1) IT1177991B (en)
NL (1) NL8502529A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4003330A1 (en) * 1990-02-05 1991-08-08 Foerster Inst Dr Friedrich Eddy current tester

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2276588A1 (en) * 1974-06-27 1976-01-23 British Steel Corp SURFACE FAULT DETECTION DEVICE IN METAL OBJECTS
GB2010492A (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-06-27 Babcock & Wilcox Co Method for the detection of flaws in a tube proximate a contiguous member
US4383218A (en) * 1978-12-29 1983-05-10 The Boeing Company Eddy current flow detection including compensation for system variables such as lift-off

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0042881B1 (en) * 1980-06-27 1983-10-05 Institut Dr. Friedrich Förster Prüfgerätebau GmbH & Co. KG Method and apparatus for testing a metallic test piece
FR2512959A1 (en) * 1981-09-14 1983-03-18 Commissariat Energie Atomique METHOD AND DEVICES FOR MONITORING A SURFACE USING A CURRENT FUEL CURRENT

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2276588A1 (en) * 1974-06-27 1976-01-23 British Steel Corp SURFACE FAULT DETECTION DEVICE IN METAL OBJECTS
GB2010492A (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-06-27 Babcock & Wilcox Co Method for the detection of flaws in a tube proximate a contiguous member
US4383218A (en) * 1978-12-29 1983-05-10 The Boeing Company Eddy current flow detection including compensation for system variables such as lift-off

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3533311A1 (en) 1986-03-27
GB2169080A (en) 1986-07-02
IT8448901A1 (en) 1986-03-25
IT8448901A0 (en) 1984-09-25
NL8502529A (en) 1986-04-16
BE903300A (en) 1986-01-16
GB8522491D0 (en) 1985-10-16
IT1177991B (en) 1987-09-03

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