FR2563072A1 - IMPROVEMENTS ON FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Google Patents

Abstract

THIS FERTILIZER SPREADER INCLUDES A SINGLE COUPLE OF SPREADING DISCS 14, 15 PROVIDED WITH ORIENTABLE MEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE SPREADER FLOW, AFTER A PRELIMINARY ADJUSTMENT OF THE DISTRIBUTION DOSAGE OF THE FLOW BY SIMPLE MANUAL CONTROLS AND INTERRUPTION OF THE HYDRAULIC JET, ACTUATED. THE whole BEING PRECEDED BY AN EFFECTIVE MIXING OF THE PRODUCT IN A HOPPER FITTED WITH AGITATORS, BY ACTUATION OF A CONNECTED MECHANICAL SPEED REDUCER, USING THE MEANS ALREADY AVAILABLE TO THE TRACTOR, WHICH, IN ITS TURN, EXERCISED THE TRACTION OF THE MACHINE IN QUESTION BY MEANS OF THE KNOWN COUPLING.

Description

The invention relates to concrete improvements

  worn in the production and in the functional character of the machine carrying out the spreading of fertilizers and similar products

  on agricultural crops in general.

  Said trailed or self-propelled machine is of the type comprising substantially a pair of discs arranged below a hopper containing the product to be spread; the rotation of these

  discs after the prior fall of this product on them from-

  of a product dispenser, gives rise to its spreading.

  This solution has several disadvantages, among which, mainly, the need to have the availability of a series of disks of different dimensions in accordance with

  the desired spreading width, with the resulting downtime

  are trying to replace these discs; in addition, we also observe

  if there is a disc power setting failure.

  The object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks by using a single pair of discs, directly comprising the means for adjusting the flow rate and the width orientation of the spreading jet, as well as the orientation. in height in relation to the crop, whose action, moreover, is not limited only to the use in the application of fertilizers, but also extends to the various sprays and sowing; in this last operation the granules are subjected to a useful mixture in the hopper thanks to the action of appropriate agitating means, the whole

  can be carried out by partial control devices-

  hydraulic and partially mechanical actuated directly

  by the tractor, so as to avoid the lowering of the

  conductor, which causes the machine to stop.

  To achieve these goals and benefits, as well as the

  very which will result from the following detailed description, one -

  performs valid improvements in the fertilizer spreader, X, the main characteristic of which is that this spreader uses a single pair of spreading discs for universal use, directly including the means for adjusting the direction

  and in width of the spreading jet, and also for the adjustment in "height

  with respect to the growing ground, the product to be spread being applied functionally to said discs by means

  with a simple manual control regulating the dosing of the dispenser

  tion, after an appropriate mixing of the product in the hopper itself, thanks to the action of particular agitating organs, all

  occurring as a result of actuation, during said operations

  of mechanical and hydraulic control devices ac-

  directly operated by the traction and support unit.

  We will now describe a practical and pre-

  fairy according to the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic view on a reduced scale, illustrating the installation of the fertilizer spreader on the tractor

  and its realization in accordance with the principles of the present in-

  vention. Figure 2 is a view of the coupling member of the

tractor machine.

  Figure 3 is a cross section along

III-III of figure 2.

  Figure 4 is a front view of the spreading disc torque.

  Figure 5 is a median section on an enlarged scale.

  die, illustrating a disc shown in figure 4.

  Figure 6 is a front view illustrating the arrangement

dosing of the product to be spread.

  Figures 7 and 8 are plan views, similar

  to each other, but with respective variants of realization

  tion of the mixing device.

  With reference to the aforementioned figures and limiting the detailed enumeration of the parts only to those which are

  really new compared to the known technique and in fact

  being able to follow each quotation by the immediate description of

  components, the fertilizer spreader in question consists essentially of a robust and circumscribed metal frame 1, on the rear and axial wall 2 of which is locked, by means of bolts 3 with the interposition of the assembly plate 2a, a series of angular flanges 4, making the engagement with the tractor 5 using the conventional hitch articulated in

three points of the latter.

  According to a new particular characteristic, the

  machine is coupled to tractor 5, in an operating position

  tion not interfering with agricultural land and crops, as a result of the reversal in both orthogonal directions of 4 to 4a of said flanges, which can also shift in radial direction relative to each other, and also thanks the presence of holes 6 close or distant in the direction

axial (Figures 1 and 2).

  More specifically, said flanges are formed cha-

  cune by two fins 7 and 8, spaced from each other in their end part and provided with through holes 9 for engaging therein, for example, the bolt 3 for attachment to the tractor 5, while in the part fixing they are adjacent to each other thanks to a weld 10 and ll blocking the plate 2a and, therefore, the frame 1, with this result that they are enclosed by the profiled cover 12, all being

  always assembled by bolt 3 (see figure 3).

  By means of a known mechanical control unit 13

  with bevel gears pivoting on thrust bearings action-

  born by the conventional PTO shaft of the tractor 5, still at the base of the frame 1, are mounted and connected by

  common means using the hubs 13a the two spreading discs

  dage 14,15 pivoting in opposite directions "A" and "B" and of which

  the spreading flow is usefully adjusted in orientation and width

  geur, by the action of the two diametrically opposite blades 16.

  These blades, by simply loosening the engagement bolt

  and pivoting 17, without removing and using no tool-

  particular age, but by simple angular displacement,

  cent in the three different positions indicated by 18,19,20,

  along the reference holes 21 with orifice 22 disposed above

  below, positions that determine, depending on the spacing

  angular between said blades, a variation of the centric force

  fuge acting on the product and therefore the orienta-

  tion and the magnitude of the jet width, as well as the launch speed. This adjustment can advantageously be carried out also individually or in a differential manner on each disc.

14.15 (see Figure 4).

  -Each disc 14,15 made of metallic material, is formed by two diametrically opposite sectors 23,24, concave with concavity turned upward and eccentric, and with an extreme curved edge 25, said discs being coupled, with

  increased function, to the circular dish 26 by simple welding 27, the

  seems to be blocked at the hub 28 by a subsequent weld 29, this hub being, in turn, provided with a perforation 30 used for fixing the known member for actuating the tractor 5

(see figure 5).

  To the frame 1 is also fixed the hopper 31, below which, with prior interposition of the fertilizer metering device, indicated as a whole by 32, is arranged the

pair of discs 14.15.

  Said metering device is formed substantially

  by a flat plate of polygonal configuration 33, in the-

  which is the central opening 34, at the edge of which

  are formed the holes 35 for the passage of the fixing means

  tion to the hopper 31 (see figure 6).

  Along the lateral edges of the plate 33, by means of the flange 36, is positioned the lever 37 with handle

  control, near which is fixed, always by means of the bri-

  36, the lever 37b to which the cover plate 39 is coupled

  partially or totally from slot 40.

  Said adjustment is carried out manually and quickly before spreading the fertilizer, or sowing, by sliding said lever 37 after release of the tie rod 37a and the pivots

  moving in the arcuate slide 42, so as to thus establish

  if, irremovably, the positioning of said lever in the

  desired hole from the series of holes 43, and to form, by displacing

  consequent cementing of the plate 39 connected to the lever 37b, the orifice

  desired product flow 44.

  On the other hand, for the total interruption and, therefore,

  stopping said distribution, the orifice 44 is closed by

  te of the total overlap of the slot 40, which is obtained by - moving the lever 37b with the plate 39 to the end of the stroke, against the reaction of the spring 45 coupled to the stirrup 46. Between said caliper 46 and the caliper 47 is operatively engaged the hydraulic piston 48 using the pressurized oil from the tractor installation 5, in order to automatically determine

  closing said slot 40 (Figure 6).

  This setting can also be made individually

  on each slot 40, which allows differentiation of the information

  lateral spreading intensity, as well as, if necessary,

  opening or closing on one side.

  According to a further characteristic, the above-mentioned hopper

  tioned 31 having substantially the shape of a pyramid trunk

  double overturned, has a considerable capacity despite its limited height, thanks to its large width, thus allowing easy and quick front filling, either manually or

by means of a tilting trailer.

  Furthermore, said configuration does not give rise to

  imbalances in road mobility of the trailed tractor.

  Said hopper, fully provided with grids to prevent

  dear the possible introduction of foreign bodies into the

  distributors, carries the mixing device formed by the agitator indicated as a whole by 50, which can, by

  example, be mounted inside said hopper 31, and specifically

  fically in the lower part of the latter.

  Said agitator is formed by two coaxial and symmetrically opposite rods, indicated by 51 and 52, and, moreover, actuated at low speed by the well-known shaft

  PTO of tractor 5, connected to hub 57, these ti-

  ges therefore being mounted on elastic bearings 53 which, in turn, are coupled by welding 53b to the vertical partitions

  53a, or are blocked by bolts 53c.

  Said rods 51, 52, defeating the force of the springs 54, determine the implementation of the sounders 55, in the direction indicated graphically by the arrows 56 (see FIG. 7). In particular, this implementation is determined by the rolling of the end rollers 58 of the curved arms 60 on the wheel 59 mounted eccentrically relative to its own

hub 57.

Z563072

  A constructive variant of the agitator 50 provides for actuation of the sounders 55 in the longitudinal direction indicated by 61, and in this case the arms 60 of each roller 58 are no longer curved but in axial opposition, as illustrated graphically in FIG. 8 A further characteristic of said machine is that the blades 16 of the spreading members are made of stainless steel and the metering plate 33 is made of a

  unassailable material, such as, for example, nylon.

Claims (15)

- CLAIMS -   1. Improvements to a fertilizer spreader, characterized in that this spreader uses a single pair of spreading discs (14, 15) for universal use, directly comprising the means for adjusting the direction and width of the spray of spreading, and also for height adjustment in relation to the ground   cultivation, the product to be applied being applied functional.   Lement on said discs by means of a simple manual control adjusting the dispenser dosage or the interruption of said dosage, after an appropriate mixing of the product even in the hopper thanks to the action of agitating organs   individuals, all taking place as a result of the action-   ment, during said operations, of mechanical and hydraulic control devices actuated directly   by the traction and support unit.   2. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that it is substantially contained in a suitable metal frame (1) which, in turn, is directly coupled to the known three-point hitch articulated tractor,   by means of a series of flanges (4).   3. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to claims 1-2, characterized in that   said flanges (4), suitably offset in the radial direction, allow their own tilting in both orthogonal directions, as well as the adjustment of their   axial position, the whole being adapted to appropriate variation   25630o72 tune in height of the spreader in relation to the agricultural land. 4. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that the different types of adjustment of the spreading jet are carried out by means of three angular improvements   two blades (16) mounted in diametrically opposed   trale on each of said two discs (14, 15).   5. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that said discs (4, 8) are formed by two diametrically opposite sectors, said two   sectors being concave with eccentric concavity turn-   born upwards and with an inverted end edge, and said two sectors being coupled -by welding to a circular support dish.   6. Improvements in the fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that the device used for said dispensing dosage is formed substantially by a capacity plate, made, for example, of hardened nylon, and directly incorporating the orifices opportune for the passage of product to be spread.   7. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the variation in the opening of the product flow orifices, as a result of their partial or total covering by an appropriate cover plate (32), determines the variation in the quantity of flow of the product or the interruption total of this flow.   8. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that said cover plate (32) is directly coupled to a suitable lever   control (37), the operative movement of which is real   read by means of pivots (41) housed in a slide   arched seat (42) of the capacity plate.   9. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that a series of holes (43) in the capacity plate (32) blocks said control lever (37) in the desired position. 10. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that said adjustment of the dosage of the product is carried out quickly by manually acting on said control lever (37), while the total interruption of the flow of the product is carried out by means of a   hydraulic piston control device, to no avail   as in both cases the strength of the elastic means recall (45).   11. Improvements in the fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that said large capacity hopper (31) is dimensionally larger in width relative to its depth, with the obvious advantages of loading and unloading the product. , as well as an advantageous stability during displacements.   12. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that in said hopper (31) is housed the device for effectively mixing the product, formed substantially by agitating organs actuated by means of rollers end (58) pivoting by contact with a wheel (59) in a vertically eccentric position relative to the speed reducer, as a result of the action of rods (51, 52) transmitting the movement of said speed reducer   speed in direct contact with the tractor shaft.   13. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the sounders (55) are mounted on oscillating rods of coupled elastic bearings   to the vertical walls of said hopper.   14. Improvements to the fertilizer spreader,   according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the adjustment of the two blades (16) of the discs (14, 15) is carried out manually with   simplicity and speed by acting on simple buttons fixing lons (17).   15. Improvements in the fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that either the amplitude of the slots of the metering plate or the angular position of the blades of the spreader elements can be adjusted individually, thereby obtaining a differentiation of spreading or even the possibility   spread on one working side only.