FR2553174A1 - Method and device for making the best use of waste wood and for improving the thermal efficiency of fires and burners - Google Patents
Method and device for making the best use of waste wood and for improving the thermal efficiency of fires and burners Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2553174A1 FR2553174A1 FR8316173A FR8316173A FR2553174A1 FR 2553174 A1 FR2553174 A1 FR 2553174A1 FR 8316173 A FR8316173 A FR 8316173A FR 8316173 A FR8316173 A FR 8316173A FR 2553174 A1 FR2553174 A1 FR 2553174A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- burners
- improving
- thermal efficiency
- fires
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
- F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne les installations de chauffage dans lesquelles un fluide de chauffage tel que de l'air ou de l'eau est échauffe par échange de chaleur avec des gaz chauds provenant d'un brûleur ou d'un foyer alimente par un combustible liquide ou solide, par exemple des déchets de bois. The present invention relates to heating installations in which a heating fluid such as air or water is heated by heat exchange with hot gases coming from a burner or from a hearth supplied by a liquid fuel. or solid, for example wood waste.
Elle vise plus spécialement un moyen permettant d'améliorer le rendement thermique de ce brûleur ou foyer. Elle vise également un moyen de valorisation des déchets de bois de toute''nature. It more specifically relates to a means making it possible to improve the thermal efficiency of this burner or hearth. It also targets a means of recovering all types of wood waste.
Elle vise enfin un procédé et un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ces moyens.Finally, it relates to a method and a device for the implementation of these means.
Les installations de ce type étant bien connues, il n1 est pas nécessaire de les décrire ici en détail On rappellera simplement qu'elles comportent un brûleur ou foyer monté dans une enceinte fermée, alimenté d'une part en combustible et d'autre part en air, et dont les gaz chauds de combustion sont recueillis dans ltéchangeur de chaleur où ils transmettent leur energie calorifique au fluide de chauffage avant d'être evacués l'atmosphere. Installations of this type being well known, it is not necessary to describe them here in detail. It will simply be recalled that they include a burner or hearth mounted in a closed enclosure, supplied on the one hand with fuel and on the other hand with air, and whose hot combustion gases are collected in the heat exchanger where they transmit their heat energy to the heating fluid before being evacuated to the atmosphere.
Le procédé et le dispositif selon l'invention consistent à introduire au-dessus du brûleur ou'foyer, des déchets de bois, à en provoquer la pyrolyse et à réaliser le craquage des gaz de pyrolyse au niveau du brûleur ou foyer, ce qui a pour double résultat d'accroître la température de sortie des gaz chauds et d'en éliminer les impuretés du type goudrons qui encrassent habituellement l'échangeur. The method and the device according to the invention consist in introducing wood waste above the burner or hearth, causing pyrolysis thereof and cracking the pyrolysis gases at the burner or hearth, which has with the double result of increasing the outlet temperature of the hot gases and eliminating the tar-type impurities which usually foul the exchanger.
A cet effet, l'invention consiste a monter au-dessus du brûleur ou du foyer un élément deflecteur métallique, sur lequel sont déversés des déchets de bois, qui demeurent ainsi au contact dudit déflecteur avant d'atteindre le niveau du brûleur o foyer. Quand le brûleur ou foyer est allumé, il échauffe cet élément, de sorte qu'à son contact les déchets de bois subissent une pyrolyse complète, pour n'être plus constitué que de charbon en arrivant au brûleur, tandis que les gaz résultant de cette pyrolyse sont craqués au contact dece charbon incandescent au niveau du foyer, selon des réactions chimiques bien connues, dont le bilan thermique global est positif, en donnant naissance à des composés gazeux également combustibles, à pouvoir calorifique élevé, et qui peuvent être exploités dans une autre partie de l'installation, par exemple dans l'échangeur lui-même. To this end, the invention consists in mounting above the burner or the hearth a metal deflector element, onto which wood waste is poured, which thus remain in contact with said deflector before reaching the level of the burner or hearth. When the burner or hearth is lit, it heats this element, so that on contact the wood waste undergoes a complete pyrolysis, so as to be no more than carbon when it reaches the burner, while the gases resulting from this pyrolysis are cracked on contact with this glowing charcoal at the hearth, according to well-known chemical reactions, the overall thermal balance of which is positive, giving rise to gaseous compounds also combustible, with high calorific value, and which can be exploited in a other part of the installation, for example in the exchanger itself.
Ainsi, la température des gaz envoyés du brûleur ou foyer a ltechangeur est accrue, pour passer de 900-10000C dans un brûleur ou foyer ordinàire, à 1200-1300 C dan-s un bruleur ou foyer équipé selon l'invention. Thus, the temperature of the gases sent from the burner or hearth to the exchanger is increased, from 900-10000C in a burner or ordinary hearth, to 1200-1300 C in a burner or hearth equipped according to the invention.
De même, les goudrons peuvent se former lors de la pyrolyse subissent également ce craquage, ce qui, non seulement contribue au chauffage des gaz de sortie mais au surplus les rend parfaitement propres. Likewise, tars can form during pyrolysis also undergo this cracking, which not only contributes to the heating of the outlet gases but also makes them perfectly clean.
La mise en oeuvre de ce procédé peut se faire avec un dispositif semblable à celui qui apparait sur le-s photos annexées, et qui comporte
- un foyer 1, monté dans une enceinte 2, normalement fermée.The implementation of this process can be done with a device similar to that which appears on the attached photos, and which comprises
- a hearth 1, mounted in an enclosure 2, normally closed.
- une arrivée d'air primaire 3 et une arrivée de déchets de bois 4, débouchant dans cette enceinte. - a primary air inlet 3 and a wood waste inlet 4, opening into this enclosure.
- une sortie de gaz chauds 5 allant de l'enceinte 2 à l'échangeur de chaleur 6. a hot gas outlet 5 going from the enclosure 2 to the heat exchanger 6.
- une cloche métallique 7, équipée d'ailettes 8, montée dans l'enceinte 2 au-dessus du brûleur 1, et au-dessous de l'arrivée de déchets de bois 4.
L'expérience montre que la puissance d'un foyer à bois classique dans une installation de ce type est d'environ 150 à 180 thermies/heure, selon le tirage 2 quand on adjoint à ce foyer une cloche du type décrit ci-dessus et une alimentation en déchets de bois se déversant sur cette cloche pour y subir une pyrolyse totale,cette puissance passe B 225-300 thermies/heure, les gaz envoyés dans l'échangeur étant parfaitement propres.- a metal bell 7, fitted with fins 8, mounted in the enclosure 2 above the burner 1, and below the arrival of wood waste 4.
Experience shows that the power of a conventional wood-burning fireplace in an installation of this type is approximately 150 to 180 therms / hour, according to draft 2 when a bell of the type described above is added to this fireplace and a supply of wood waste pouring on this bell to undergo a total pyrolysis there, this power goes to 225-300 therms / hour, the gases sent into the exchanger being perfectly clean.
On notera que la présente de la cloche apporte un avantage- suppldmentaire : le foyer étant isolé, il est possible d' opérer avec un exces d'air primaire sans risque de retour de flamme. It will be noted that the present of the bell provides an additional advantage: the hearth being insulated, it is possible to operate with an excess of primary air without risk of flashback.
Bien entendu la cloche pourra prendre toute autre forme que celle illustrée ici, dès lors qu'elle remplira les mêmes fonctions
De même, au lieu de déchets de bois, on pourra utiliser des granulés, de la sciure, des copeaux, ou toute autre présentation. A cet égard, il convient de noter que l'utilisa- tion de déchets de bois humides, loin d'etre un inconvénient, représente un élément positif, compte-tenu de l'intervention de H20 dans les réactions chimiques à-haute températures évoquées plus haut. Of course the bell can take any other form than that illustrated here, as soon as it fulfills the same functions
Similarly, instead of wood waste, we can use pellets, sawdust, shavings, or any other presentation. In this respect, it should be noted that the use of wet wood waste, far from being a disadvantage, represents a positive element, given the intervention of H2O in the chemical reactions at high temperatures mentioned. upper.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8316173A FR2553174A1 (en) | 1983-10-10 | 1983-10-10 | Method and device for making the best use of waste wood and for improving the thermal efficiency of fires and burners |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8316173A FR2553174A1 (en) | 1983-10-10 | 1983-10-10 | Method and device for making the best use of waste wood and for improving the thermal efficiency of fires and burners |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2553174A1 true FR2553174A1 (en) | 1985-04-12 |
Family
ID=9293024
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8316173A Withdrawn FR2553174A1 (en) | 1983-10-10 | 1983-10-10 | Method and device for making the best use of waste wood and for improving the thermal efficiency of fires and burners |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2553174A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2580786A2 (en) * | 1985-04-22 | 1986-10-24 | Strasbourg Forges | Device for upgrading waste wood |
| FR2608736A1 (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1988-06-24 | Meca Reparation Const | Central heating boiler burning solid fuel |
| RU193166U1 (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-10-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" (КазГАСУ) | WOOD PYROLYSIS PLANT |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE622930C (en) * | 1932-03-12 | 1935-12-11 | Rheinisch Westfaelisches Elek | Process for degassing raw lignite |
| GB1512904A (en) * | 1976-08-10 | 1978-06-01 | Yamamoto S | Carbonising and combustion apparatus for husks |
| FR2379766A1 (en) * | 1977-01-26 | 1978-09-01 | Tabel Rene | Wood burning furnace combustion chamber - has heat transfer member inside combustion chamber connected to perforated cylinder to improve combustion |
| FR2416931A1 (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1979-09-07 | Lambiotte Usines | NON-POLLUTING WOOD CARBONIZATION PROCESS |
-
1983
- 1983-10-10 FR FR8316173A patent/FR2553174A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE622930C (en) * | 1932-03-12 | 1935-12-11 | Rheinisch Westfaelisches Elek | Process for degassing raw lignite |
| GB1512904A (en) * | 1976-08-10 | 1978-06-01 | Yamamoto S | Carbonising and combustion apparatus for husks |
| FR2379766A1 (en) * | 1977-01-26 | 1978-09-01 | Tabel Rene | Wood burning furnace combustion chamber - has heat transfer member inside combustion chamber connected to perforated cylinder to improve combustion |
| FR2416931A1 (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1979-09-07 | Lambiotte Usines | NON-POLLUTING WOOD CARBONIZATION PROCESS |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2580786A2 (en) * | 1985-04-22 | 1986-10-24 | Strasbourg Forges | Device for upgrading waste wood |
| FR2608736A1 (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1988-06-24 | Meca Reparation Const | Central heating boiler burning solid fuel |
| RU193166U1 (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-10-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" (КазГАСУ) | WOOD PYROLYSIS PLANT |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |