FR2550242A1 - PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL PATTERN WALLPAPERS FOR THE DECORATIVE COATING OF SURFACES AND WALLPAPERS MANUFACTURED BY THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION CONCERNS A PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING WALLPAPERS WITH A THREE-DIMENSIONAL PATTERN IN WHICH A SHEET OR A SUPPORT 3 IS PROVIDED IN A FIRST STEP, ON ONE OF ITS FACES, WITH A MONOCHROME OR POLYCHROME 1 PRINTING, IS SUBMITTED, IN A SECOND STEP, HAS AN EMBOSSED MARKING AND IS THEN PROVIDED, IN A THIRD STEP, WITH A PARTIAL COATING 2 BY MEANS OF AT LEAST ONE PASTE PLASTIC COMPOSITION CONTAINING A BLOWING AGENT CARRIED OUT IN SUCH COORDINATED WAY WITH THE PARTS OF COLORED SURFACES WHICH IT ENCLOSES, AFTER WHICH THE COATING 2 IS EXPANDED IN A KNOWN WAY BY THE ACTION OF HEAT, THE MONOCHROME OR POLYCHROME PRINTING BEING PREFERABLY SURROUNDED IN NEGATIVE SHAPE BY THE COMPOSITIONS OF APPLIED PLASTIC MATERIAL. THE INVENTION ALSO RELATES TO WALLPAPER MANUFACTURED BY THE PROCESS.

Description

-1 The present invention relates to a process in several stages for the

  manufacture of wallpapers with a three-dimensional pattern intended for the decorative coating of surfaces, as well as wallpapers manufactured according to said method According to the invention, the sheet to be coated or support sheet is provided in a first step, on one of its faces , of a monochrome or polychrome printing and is subjected in a second stage to a relief marking Then, in a third stage, one carries out a coating

  partial and coordinated by means of a pasty composition 10 containing a blowing agent.

  It is known to make wallpapers by applying a pasty plastic composition containing a blowing agent to a coating sheet or paper support sheet.

  expanding it after drying or gelation.

  Furthermore, in German patent application DE-OS 27 55 078, a dye was applied to this sheet while the foam coating was still wet and the foaming coating was then expanded.

  in order to obtain a wallpaper with a relief structure.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a wallpaper with a three-dimensional structure intended for the decorative coating of surfaces, which can be manufactured by means of devices known per se and which has an improved three-dimensional structure while allowing a improved aesthetic effect The wallpaper can be cleaned with water Finally, as part of the

  process, it is possible to obtain various three-dimensional patterns and shapes.

  It has been found, according to the invention, that such an objective is achieved by the use of a process for the manufacture of wallpapers -2 with a three-dimensional pattern intended for the decorative coating of surfaces, a process in which a pasty plastic composition containing a blowing agent and optionally usual additives and adjuvants is applied to a support sheet of paper, web, plastic, fabric or the like, then is dried or gelled and then subjected to expansion by the action of heat and is finally cooled According to the invention, the support sheet is provided in a first step, on one of its faces, with a monochrome or polychrome printing and is subjected in a second step to a relief marking Then, in a third step, a partial coating is carried out using at least one pasty plastic composition containing a blowing agent in such a way that it is coordinated

  with the colored surface parts of the sheet.

  The coating by means of the plastic composition containing a blowing agent may also advantageously be in the form of a multiple coating, in which case after each of the individual coatings the plastic composition containing a composition is dried or gelled. blowing agent 20 and optionally colored, before proceeding to a new application After drying or gelling, the coating or coatings is or are subject to expansion, in a manner known in

itself, by application of heat.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention: the colored or partially colored surfaces, the figures, the patterns and / or the letters applied in one or more colors during the printing are surrounded in negative form by the composition in applied plastic, in the form of figures, patterns and / or letters According to this embodiment, the visible hollow part, that is to say lying immediately on the support or the support coated with the material applied dye is enclosed by the layer of plastic foam formed during expansion so that the figures, patterns and / or letters appear in negative form in the colors of the chosen dye supply and in the

  structure of the raised marking applied.

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  -3 Thanks to this way of proceeding, we manage to make visible subjects in negative form in the aspect of figures, patterns and / or letters in the color prints made in the first step without the need to mark in relief at the desired places the plastic composition containing a blowing agent applied subsequently, after its application, its gelation and its expansion, or else to add to the plastic composition at the desired places a substance which weakens or prevents the expansion (inhibitor) Monochrome or polychrome printing is carried out by screen printing, gravure printing and / or typography, preferably by gravure printing. According to the invention, the plastic compositions containing a blowing agent are applied by screen printing. The plastic composition contains expandable plastics usable with blowing agents and known per se, such as for example homopolymers and / or copolymers. vinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride; polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylates and polymethacrylates, mixtures of vinyl resins with polymerizable acrylates or methacrylates, etc. When homopolymers and / or copolymers of vinyl chloride and other vinyl resins are used, plastisols and / or diluents and other additives are preferably used. However, organosols or dispersions can also be used. pasty plastics or expandable polymers (including expandable polycondensates and expandable polyaddition products) As the pasteable polyvinyl chloride species suitable for the pasty plastic composition, those having a K value of about 55 are used to 80, preferably 69 to 75, if it is a homopolymer and those which have a K value of approximately 60 to 72, preferably 65 to 70, if it is a copolymer As plasticizers, those of the trade suitable for the plastic compositions used are used, in particular

  phthalates and similar products.

  -4 As blowing agents, those commercially known per se are used which are suitable for the plastics used, for example azodicarbonamide, azoisobutyric dinitrile, benzenesulfohydrazide, diphenylsulfone-3,3 '-disulfohydrazide, Sodium hydrogencarbonate in mixtures with organic blowing agents In another embodiment, adhesion aids can be used in plastic compositions containing a blowing agent, for example those based on a blowing agent. polyamino10 amide, ketimine polymer, methacrylate, isocyanate and the like Plastic compositions

  further include one or more adjuvants and additives.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the plastic compositions are applied according to the screen printing method 15 by means of cylindrical stencils of different permeabilities arranged in series, the coordinated application of the color or colors being preferably done by gravure printing, According to another preferred embodiment, we apply on

  the support sheet-several monochrome layers by the gravure process, each layer being dried after printing.

  After that only the relief marking and the application of at least one plastic composition containing a

blowing agent.

  According to another particularly suitable embodiment of the process of the invention, the support sheet which consists of paper, of a tablecloth, of plastic material or of fabric is, before monochrome or polychrome printing by rotogravure, fully provided or partially of a coating to be expanded later, then after at least one color printing by rotogravure it is subjected to a relief marking and then to the application of one or more layers of at least one plastic composition containing a blowing agent in coordination with rotogravure According to a variant of the process, after the application by screen printing of the plastic compositions containing a

2550242 5

  blowing agent (as a third step in the process), a new application of patterns or of elements of patterns is effected by rotogravure as a colored impression or else a two or three-dimensional application by means of at least one composition in plastic material containing a blowing agent. According to a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the plastic compositions containing a blowing agent are applied to partial surfaces offset upwards, downwards or laterally with respect to each other by means of cylindrical stencils arranged one after the other Thanks to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain coating surfaces of plastic foam which enclose negatively rotogravure surfaces applied in one or more colors in at least one process of colored printing, which means that the figures, patterns and / or letters of the surface of the plastic foam covering are enclosed. Furthermore, it is obtained that, by means of at least one or more cylindrical stencils arranged one after the other, it is possible to apply at least one additional layer 20 of plastic composition containing a blowing agent, one or more of these stencils preferably applying the plastic compositions containing a blowing agent in the form of figures,

  patterns (2 ', 2 ", etc.) and / or letters in positive form.

  The order of succession, or whether one applies the positive form first and then the negative form in the screen printing process, does not matter, however it is preferable not to perform that after the monochrome or polychrome printing or prints and the embossing marking the application of the plastic composition containing a blowing agent which gives the negative shape to the patterns represented by the fact that the figures, the patterns and / or the letters and their colored printing are enclosed When the plastic composition containing a blowing agent necessary for the operation has been applied and dried or gelled, an application of plastic compositions containing a shaped blowing agent is preferably carried out of figures, patterns and / or letters in positive form, drying or gelling thereof and possibly, after several

  treatments, foaming of all plastic compositions containing a blowing agent which have been applied.

  The invention also relates to a wallpaper with a three-dimensional pattern, intended for the decorative coating of surfaces, which has been produced according to the method of the invention. The wallpaper according to the invention comprises as a first layer the backing sheet 10 (3) which is provided, on one of its c 6 tees, with a thin colored layer (1), imparted by gravure printing and with a coating of plastic foam (2) which is superimposed on it and which covers certain parts of the colored layer formed by photogravure, the plastic foam coating surfaces (2) being coordinated with the partial photogravure printing surfaces which they enclose The plastic foam coating surfaces (2) arranged on certain parts of the surface of the impression formed by rotogravure (1) enclose according to the invention the 20 monochrome or polychrome free surfaces of the impression formed

  by photogravure in the negative form.

  According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the support (3) and the surface colored by gravure printing (1) have undergone a relief marking, so that the various partial surfaces of coating of plastic foam ( 2) have the surface

  same or roughly the same embossed marking.

  According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the plastic foam coating surfaces (2) arranged on certain parts of the surface colored by gravure printing (1) surround in the negative form patterns which thus enclose the surfaces colored by mono or free polychrome gravure printing, the plastic foam coating surface (2) being in relation to one or more plastic foam coating surfaces (2 ', 2 ", 2"') which are offset towards upwards, downwards or laterally The plastic foam covering surfaces (2 ', 2 ", 2"') form figures, patterns and / or letters, preferably in the positive form, which are in contrast with the plastic coverings (2) which enclose in the negative form the figures, the patterns and / or the letters. According to a preferred embodiment, the partial covering of plastic foam (2) presents at its surface the same or roughly the same aspect of embossed marking as that of the support

  and / or the surface colored by gravure printing.

  Examples of execution of the wallpaper according to the invention are shown diagrammatically in section in FIGS. 1 to 4, the relief marking illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4 (marking in the form of waves or ripples) also being valid for the

  Figure 1 o it is not shown.

  Figures 1 and 2 show in section embodiments of the wallpapers according to the invention The sheet to be coated or support (3) is provided on one of its faces with a thin colored layer applied by gravure printing (1 ) which can also consist of several colored layers or several colored partial layers applied by gravure printing The embossed marking of the support sheet and the colored layer applied by gravure printing is clearly visible in FIG. 2 The surfaces of coating of foam material plastic (2) which are superimposed thereon are coordinated with the partial rotogravure surfaces which they enclose and enclose patterns, figures and / or letters of the free monochrome or polychrome rotogravure surfaces in the negative form. FIG. 3 shows partial applications of colored layer applied by gravure printing (1) on the support sheet (3) According to this embodiment, parts of the surface of the colored layer by gravure printing and parts of the support sheet are partially covered by the surfaces of

  plastic foam covering (2) -.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the partial coating 35 of plastic foam has the same surface or i -8- on the surface: roughly the same aspect of marking in relief as that of the support.

  and / or the surface of the layer applied by gravure printing.

  FIG. 4 schematically represents a preferred embodiment of the wallpaper according to the invention. The surface of the plastic foam coating (2) disposed on a part of the surface of the colored layer applied by gravure printing (1) and parts of the plastic foam covering surfaces (2 ') enclose patterns, figures and / or letters of free monochrome or polychrome rotogravure printing surfaces 10 in the negative form As in the other embodiments which have been shown schematically, the support sheet (3) and the colored surface applied by rotogravure (1) are marked in relief. The surface of the plastic foam coating (2) has everywhere the same or almost the same surface of embossed marking The plastic foam covering surfaces (2 ') preferably represent, in the positive form, patterns, figures and / or letters and are arranged at the -above the surface level of the coating in

  plastic foam (2) or exceed this level.

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REV E N D I C A T I O N S

  1 Method for manufacturing wallpapers with a three-dimensional pattern intended for decorative coating of surfaces, consisting of a layer of foam plastic material representing the pattern deposited on a support sheet of paper, web, plastics, fabric or the like , obtained by coating the support sheet by means of a pasty plastic composition containing a blowing agent and optionally the usual additives and adjuvants, by drying or gelling of the coating and by subsequent expansion under the action of heat. followed by cooling, said method being characterized in that the support sheet is provided in a first step on one of its faces with a monochrome or full color printing, in that it is subjected in a second step to a relief marking and in that it then receives in a third step a partial coating by means of at least one plastic composition pas containing a blowing agent produced in such a way that it is coordinated with the parts of colored surfaces

  it encloses, after which the coating is expanded in a known manner by the action of heat.

  2 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the figures, patterns and / or letters applied in one or more colors during printing are surrounded in shape

  negative by the plastic composition applied.

  3 Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in

  that monochrome or polychrome printing is carried out by screen printing, rotogravure and / or typography, preferably

by gravure printing.

  4 Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 30 3, characterized in that the plastic compositions

  containing a blowing agent are applied by screen printing and are provided with one or more pigments, dyes and / or fillers 10

  Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4,

  characterized in that the plastic compositions are applied by screen printing by means of cylindrical stencils of different permeabilities arranged in series, the coordinated application of the color or colors being made by gravure printing.

  6 Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5,

  characterized in that the support sheet which consists of paper, tablecloth, plastic or fabric is, before monochrome or polychrome printing by rotogravure, provided entirely or partially with an expandable coating to be expanded later , then is subjected after at least one color printing by gravure printing to a relief marking and then to the application of one or more layers of at least one plastic composition containing a blowing agent in coordination with the rotogravure

  7 Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 ,,

  characterized in that, after the application - by screen printing of the plastic compositions containing a blowing agent (as the third step of the process), a new application of patterns or of elements of patterns is carried out by rotogravure as colored printing or else a two or three-dimensional application by means of at least one plastic composition

containing a blowing agent.

  8 Method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plastic compositions containing an agent

  blowers are applied to partial surfaces offset upwards, downwards or laterally with respect to each other by means of cylindrical stencils arranged one at a time

following the others.

  9 Wallpaper with three-dimensional pattern, intended for the decorative coating of surfaces, consisting of a foam of plastic material preferably having a pattern deposited on a support sheet of paper, fabric, web and / or plastic material characterized in that the support sheet (3) is provided, as a first layer, on one of its sides, with a thin colored layer (1) imparted by rotogravure and with a coating of plastic foam (2) which it is superimposed and which covers certain parts of the colored layer formed by photogravure, the surfaces of coating of plastic foam (2) being coordinated with the partial surfaces of impression by rotogravure which they enclose. Wallpaper according to Claim 9, characterized in that the plastic foam covering surfaces (2) which are arranged on certain parts of the surface of the gravure printing (1) enclose the free monochrome or polychrome surfaces of the impression formed by gravure printing in the negative form 11 Wallpaper according to claim 10, characterized in that the support (3) and the surface colored by gravure printing (1) have undergone a relief marking and the surfaces of material foam plastic (2) which partially cover these have on the surface

  the same or roughly the same embossed marking.

  12 Wallpaper according to one or more of claims 9

  to 11, characterized in that the plastic foam coating surfaces (2) arranged on certain parts of the photogravure-colored surface (1) surround in the negative form patterns which thus enclose the monochrome photogravure-colored surfaces 25 or free polychromes, the foam-plastic coating surfaces (2) being in relation to one or more plastic foam coating surfaces (2 ', 2 ", 2"') which are offset upwards , down or sideways.