FR2538519A1 - Drying of organic materials - Google Patents
Drying of organic materials Download PDFInfo
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- FR2538519A1 FR2538519A1 FR8320641A FR8320641A FR2538519A1 FR 2538519 A1 FR2538519 A1 FR 2538519A1 FR 8320641 A FR8320641 A FR 8320641A FR 8320641 A FR8320641 A FR 8320641A FR 2538519 A1 FR2538519 A1 FR 2538519A1
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- air
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- organic matter
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- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035924 thermogenesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/10—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in the open air; in pans or tables in rooms; Drying stacks of loose material on floors which may be covered, e.g. by a roof
- F26B9/103—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in the open air; in pans or tables in rooms; Drying stacks of loose material on floors which may be covered, e.g. by a roof using fixed or removable drying air channels placed in the stack, e.g. horizontally or vertically
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/30—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using irradiation, e.g. solar or nuclear radiation; using electric or magnetic fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Procédé de traitement de déshydratation de substances organiques, et installation pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé industriel de traitement de déshydratation de substances organiques humides considérablement économique et perfectionné.Method for the treatment of dehydration of organic substances, and installation for implementing this method
The present invention relates to an industrial process for the dehydration treatment of wet organic substances which is considerably economical and improved.
L'invention concerne également l'installation permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procédé. The invention also relates to the installation making it possible to implement this method.
Dans la suite de la description, on se référera explicitement aux déchets organiques, étant bien entendu que l'invention ne se limite pas à ce domaine. In the following description, reference will be made explicitly to organic waste, it being understood that the invention is not limited to this field.
Les principes modernes d'élimination des déchets consistent, de préférence, à les transformer de façon à pouvoir les rendre exploitables ou réutilisables. C'est également le cas des matières organiques qui constituent les déchets solides, urbains et d'autre origine (comme, par exemple, le fumier d'animaux d'élevage, les rebuts des traitements de l'industrie alimentaire, les rebuts de tanneries et analogues), que l'on transforme normalement pour les réutiliser comme combustibles ou pour la production industrielle d'engrais organiques, d'aliments pour animaux, de panneaux de matière inerte, et à d'autres fins encore. Modern waste disposal principles are preferably to transform them so that they can be made usable or reusable. This is also the case of organic materials which constitute solid waste, urban and other sources (such as, for example, manure from farm animals, waste from processing in the food industry, waste from tanneries and the like), which are normally processed for reuse as fuel or for the industrial production of organic fertilizers, animal feed, inert material panels, and other purposes.
Du fait que les substances organiques en question renferment, par nature ou par apport nécessaire, des pourcentages d'eau importants, et que, pour leur utilisation industrielle finale, comme combustibles, engrais, aliments animaux ou autre, comme pour des raisons d'économie de transport à destination, il faut, au contraire, un degré d'humidité bas, il est nécessaire de procéder à leur déshydratation que l'on effectue actuellement, normalement, en utilisant des déshydrateurs ou des fours industriels, qui impliquent une consommation d'énergie thermique élevée (carburants ou courant électrique) et par conséquent, des coûts élevés. The fact that the organic substances in question contain, by nature or by necessary input, significant percentages of water, and that, for their final industrial use, as fuels, fertilizers, animal feed or other, as for reasons of economy transport to destination, it is necessary, on the contrary, a low degree of humidity, it is necessary to carry out their dehydration which is currently carried out, normally, using dehydrators or industrial ovens, which involve a consumption of high thermal energy (fuels or electric current) and therefore high costs.
L'invention a principalement pour objet de permettre précisément la déshydratation à faible coût de substances organiques humides, sans utiliser d'énergie thermique extérieure produite et/ou récupérée dans ce but, c'est à dire sans utiliser de déshydrateurs et combustibles. The main object of the invention is to precisely allow low-cost dehydration of moist organic substances, without using external thermal energy produced and / or recovered for this purpose, that is to say without using dehydrators and fuels.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé, ainsi que l'installation qui lui correspond, qui soient compatibles avec les exigences d'un traitement industriel. The invention also relates to a process, as well as the corresponding installation, which are compatible with the requirements of industrial processing.
On atteint essentiellement ces objectifs, selon l'invention, par un procédé de déshydratation de matière organiques humides, caractérisé en ce qu'on accumule la matière organique à traiter de façon à former une épaisseur importante, de préférence comprise entre 1 mètre et 10 mètres, ou mieux encore comprise entre 2 mètres et 4 metres, à travers laquelle, apres avoir contrôlé la présence dans ladite matière de bactéries aérobies thermophiles, on insufflé de l'oxygène, de préférence de 1 'air, en quantité suffisante pour soutenir la reproduction contrôlée de ladite flore bactérienne et eliminer par entrainement l'humidité qui se dégage sous forme de vapeur de la masse de matière organique soumise au traitement, en poursuivant l'insufflation d'air et, par conséquent, le traitement jusqu'à ce que l'humidité de ladite masse descende au-dessous d'une valeur predéter- minée. These objectives are essentially achieved, according to the invention, by a process for dehydrating wet organic matter, characterized in that the organic matter to be treated is accumulated so as to form a substantial thickness, preferably between 1 meter and 10 meters , or better still between 2 meters and 4 meters, through which, after having checked the presence in said material of thermophilic aerobic bacteria, oxygen, preferably air, is blown in sufficient quantity to support reproduction control of the said bacterial flora and remove by training the moisture which is released in the form of vapor from the mass of organic matter subjected to the treatment, continuing the air blowing and, consequently, the treatment until the the humidity of said mass drops below a predetermined value.
Le principe de base de la présente invention consiste donc dans le fait qu'on a trouvé, de façon surprenante que si l'on accumule la matière organique humide de façon à former des épaisseurs importantes et qu'on insuffle de l'air dans l'épaisseur de la matière de façon à fournir de l'oxygène en quantité suffisante pour le développement des bacteries thermophiles, présentes de façon naturelle ou par ensemencement préalable dans la masse organique humide, la température régnant à l'intérieur de la masse organique humide augmente spontanément à des valeurs provoquant 1 'évapo- ration de l'humidité intrinsèque de la matiere organique et, en même temps, l'air insufflé élimine par entrainement la vapeur d'eau ain & formée, en empêchant la recondensation sur la matière elle-même. The basic principle of the present invention therefore consists in the fact that it has been found, surprisingly, that if one accumulates wet organic matter so as to form significant thicknesses and that air is blown into it. thickness of the material so as to supply oxygen in sufficient quantity for the development of thermophilic bacteria, present naturally or by prior seeding in the wet organic mass, the temperature prevailing inside the wet organic mass increases spontaneously at values causing the evaporation of the intrinsic humidity of the organic matter and, at the same time, the blown air eliminates by entrainment the water vapor thus formed, preventing recondensation on the material itself even.
Un autre aspect important de la présente invention consiste en ce que le processus de dégagement de chaleur et donc d'évaporation de l'eau cesse tout seul, lorsque la masse organique soumise au traitement atteint un degré d'humidité résiduelle tres. faible, avec un blocage spontané des .cultures hactériennes qui ont déclenché et soutenu la thermogenèse (dont l'activité pourrait reprendre, si la teneur en humidité augmentait de nouveau pour une raison quelconque. Another important aspect of the present invention consists in that the process of heat generation and therefore of evaporation of water ceases on its own, when the organic mass subjected to the treatment reaches a very high degree of residual humidity. low, with spontaneous blockage of the Heterian cultures which initiated and supported thermogenesis (the activity of which could resume if the moisture content increases again for any reason.
L'installation destinée à mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention comporte essentiellement, quant à elle un support d'accumulation de la matiere organique humide à déshydrater, des moyens d'alimentation en air sous pression de façon que celui-ci se répartisse uniformément dans toute la masse organique, dans une mesure suffisante à la fois pour provoquer et entretenir le-développement des bacteries thermophiles à l'intérieur de la mas-se organique humide, et évacuer la vapeur d'eau qui se forme petit à petit, des moyens d'ensemencement éventuel de la masse organique humide par une culture de bactéries thermophiles et des moyens de chauffage éventuel de la surface supérieure de la masse organique subissant le tra-itement. The installation intended to implement the method according to the invention essentially comprises, for its part a support for accumulating the wet organic matter to be dehydrated, means for supplying air under pressure so that it is distributed uniformly throughout the organic mass, to an extent sufficient both to cause and maintain the development of thermophilic bacteria inside the moist organic mass, and to evacuate the water vapor which is gradually formed, means for possible seeding of the wet organic mass by a culture of thermophilic bacteria and means for possible heating of the upper surface of the organic mass undergoing the treatment.
Il y a lieu de noter ici que l'on classe, sous la dénomination de bactéries thermophiles, des micro-organismes varies dont le développement et le métabolisme engendrent de la chaleur. It should be noted here that we classify, under the name of thermophilic bacteria, various microorganisms whose development and metabolism generate heat.
Cette caractéristique particuliere de ces micro- organismes n' a cependant pas encore été exploitée industriellement d'une façon telle que celle de l'invention. Ces mi cro-organismes sont9 en outre, normalement présents dans la matière organique, specialement dans les déchets, à l'excep- tion des substances organiques résultant de traitements dans des conditions stériles. C'est pour cette raison que le procédé et l'installation selon l'invention prévoient de n'ensemencer la masse organique humide par des micro-organismes thermophiles que lorsqu'ils sont totalement absents. This particular characteristic of these microorganisms has not yet been exploited industrially in a manner such as that of the invention. These microorganisms are, moreover, normally present in organic matter, especially in waste, with the exception of organic substances resulting from treatments under sterile conditions. It is for this reason that the method and the installation according to the invention provide for inoculating the wet organic mass with thermophilic microorganisms only when they are completely absent.
Parmi les bactéries thermophiles préférées pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, les bactéries suivantes sont utilisées
1- Thermo-Actinomycer vulgaris,
2- Thermus-acquaticus,
tels que décrits dans "Vergey's Manual of determinative bacteriology, 8ème édition, Baltimore, Williams et Wilkinh"
3- Bacillius Stearothermophilus,
4- Bacillius Coagulans,
5- Bacillius Suptilis,
6- Bacillius Brevis,
7- Bacillius Circulants,
8- Bacillius Marceransg tels que décrits dans "Aerobic Spore-Forming Bacteria, (Monographie du Département de 1Agriculture des Etats-Unis).Among the thermophilic bacteria preferred for implementing the method according to the invention, the following bacteria are used
1- Thermo-Actinomycer vulgaris,
2- Thermus-acquaticus,
as described in "Vergey's Manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th edition, Baltimore, Williams and Wilkinh"
3- Bacillius Stearothermophilus,
4- Bacillius Coagulans,
5- Bacillius Suptilis,
6- Bacillius Brevis,
7- Bacillius Circulants,
8- Bacillius Marceransg as described in "Aerobic Spore-Forming Bacteria, (Monograph of the Department of Agriculture of the United States).
L'alimentation en air destiné à entretenir le développement des micro-organismes thermophiles et à éliminer la vapeur d'eau est contrôlée et réglée en fonction du type et de l'humidité des substances organiques à traiter, ainsi que de la température extérieure à la masse à traiter, du fait que, ce qui est évident, plus la température- extérieure ou ambiante est basse, plus la chaleur dégagée à l'intérieur de la masse organique tend à s'échapper, au détriment de l'évaporation de l'humidité et, donc de la déshydratation. The air supply intended to maintain the development of thermophilic microorganisms and to eliminate water vapor is controlled and adjusted according to the type and humidity of the organic substances to be treated, as well as the temperature outside the mass to be treated, since, obviously, the lower the outside or ambient temperature, the more the heat released inside the organic mass tends to escape, to the detriment of the evaporation of the humidity and, therefore, dehydration.
Dans des conditions extrêmes, ou la température exterieure devrait atteindre des valeurs largement inférieures à OOC, de l'ordre de -100C à -200C, par exemple, il apparaît recommandé de chauffer légèrement (par exemple avec de l'air préchauffé ou au moyen d'appareils de chauffage à rayonnement) la surface exterieure de la masse organique subissant le traitement, pour éviter la condensation à la surface de la masse organique de la vapeur d'eau entraînée par l'air. In extreme conditions, where the outside temperature should reach values much lower than OOC, of the order of -100C to -200C, for example, it seems advisable to heat slightly (for example with preheated air or by means of radiant heaters) the outer surface of the organic mass undergoing treatment, to prevent condensation on the surface of the organic mass of water vapor entrained by air.
D'un autre côté, du fait que, comme on l'adéjà mentionne, les bactéries thermophiles en question s'éteignent à des températures trop élevées (de l'ordre de 850C ou plus), il est clair que, pour des températures ambiantes élevées (saison estivale et/ou climats chauds), il faudra augmenter le debit d'air qu'on répartit dans la masse organique. On the other hand, the fact that, as already mentioned, the thermophilic bacteria in question die at too high temperatures (of the order of 850C or more), it is clear that, for ambient temperatures high (summer season and / or hot climates), it will be necessary to increase the air flow which is distributed in the organic mass.
Sur le dessin annexé, la figure unique représente un exemple de réalisation préféré non limitatif de 1' instal-
lation de l'invention. In the accompanying drawing, the single figure represents a preferred non-limiting embodiment of the installation.
lation of the invention.
Sur le dessin annexé, la référence numérique 1 désigne un plan d'appui subdivisé en allées 2 par des murettes de séparation 3. In the appended drawing, the reference numeral 1 designates a support plane subdivided into aisles 2 by separation walls 3.
Ainsi, les allées offrent accès à des organes pesants permettant de mettre en mouvement des masses constituées par de la matière organique humide avec lesquelles on forme des tas 4 de 2 à 4 mètres de haut, de préférence. Thus, the aisles provide access to heavy bodies making it possible to set in motion masses constituted by moist organic matter with which piles 4 of 2 to 4 meters high are formed, preferably.
Dans les murettes de separation 3, ainsi que dans le mur de délimitation de fond 5, sont formees des canalisations 6 destinees à l'air comprime qui alimentent des embouchures 7, pouvant être fermees par des vannes appropriées, conformées et protegées de façon que la matière organique formant les tas 4 ne puisse y pénétrer ou les obstruer de n'importe quelle façon.In the separation walls 3, as well as in the bottom delimiting wall 5, are formed pipes 6 intended for compressed air which supply mouths 7, which can be closed by appropriate valves, shaped and protected so that the organic matter forming heaps 4 cannot penetrate or obstruct them in any way.
Il va de soi, de toutes façons, qu'on peut réaliser les canalisations de façon différente, par exemple sous la forme de reseaux de conducteurs realisés au-dessous ou a l'intérieur de plan de support des amas de matiere à traiter. It goes without saying, in any case, that the pipes can be produced in a different way, for example in the form of networks of conductors produced below or inside the support plane of the clumps of material to be treated.
Les canalisations 6 se raccordent par des soupapes 12 à un collecteur 8 formé dans le mur périphérique 5, le collecteur 8 étant lui-même alimenté à partir d'une source d'air comprimé 9, par exemple un compresseur ou une batterie de compresseur. The pipes 6 are connected by valves 12 to a manifold 8 formed in the peripheral wall 5, the manifold 8 itself being supplied from a source of compressed air 9, for example a compressor or a compressor battery.
Dans le mode de realisation préferé, l'aire délimitée par le plancher est recouverte par un toit 10, pour protéger les amas 4 contre la pluie, et l'air comprimé est introduit (comme indiqué par les flèches 11) à une pression de 0,2 à 1 atmosphère par les embouchures 7 séparées mutuel le ment par une distance de 4 à 10 metres. In the preferred embodiment, the area delimited by the floor is covered by a roof 10, to protect the clusters 4 against the rain, and the compressed air is introduced (as indicated by the arrows 11) at a pressure of 0 , 2 to 1 atmosphere by the mouths 7 separated mutually by a distance of 4 to 10 meters.
On peut eventuellement fixer au toit 10 des dispositifs de chauffage à rayonnement infra-rouge, à des fins déjà mentionnées. It is possible to attach to the roof 10 heating devices with infrared radiation, for the purposes already mentioned.
Dans les essais pratiques, on a constaté qu'on peut pousser la déshydratation à 80 % de l'humidité initialement présente dans les substances organiques de départ, et le processus s'achève au cours de 2 à 3 semaines. In practical tests, it has been found that dehydration can be pushed to 80% of the moisture initially present in the starting organic substances, and the process is completed within 2 to 3 weeks.
Le processus de thermogenèse cesse de façon naturelle, lorsque l'humidité est descendue à la limite de 12 %. The thermogenesis process ceases naturally, when the humidity has dropped to the limit of 12%.
Il y a lieu de souligner que l'avantage principal de la présente invention consiste en ce que la consommation d'énergie se limite à la compression de l'air, uniquement. It should be emphasized that the main advantage of the present invention is that the energy consumption is limited to the compression of the air only.
Le procédé selon l'invention a fait l'objet d'essais expérimentaux dans une installation présentant les caractéristiques suivantes
1. - Surface recouverte de 2.700 mètres carrés,
recouverte d'un chapiteau préfabriqué
2. - Pavage en beton subdivisé en 30 allees de 3
metres de large environ par des murettes en
béton (24 x 0,40 x 0,60m) construites en
peigne, à l'intérieur desquelles se trouvent
des canalisations qui alimentent des embou
chures (6 par murette) placées centralement à
une distance de 3,70 m.The method according to the invention was the subject of experimental tests in an installation having the following characteristics
1. - Covered area of 2,700 square meters,
covered with a prefabricated marquee
2. - Concrete paving subdivided into 30 alleys of 3
meters wide by low walls in
concrete (24 x 0.40 x 0.60m) built in
comb, inside which are
pipes that feed into the mud
chures (6 per wall) placed centrally at
a distance of 3.70 m.
3. - L'air comprimé était injecte dans les canali
sations sous une pression de 0,3 atmosphère,
à un débit par embouchure d'environ 70 m3 par
heure.3. - Compressed air was injected into the canals
sations under a pressure of 0.3 atmosphere,
at a flow rate of approximately 70 m3 per mouth
hour.
On a traité des excrements de poulets (fiente de volaille) d'une teneur en eau initiale moyenne de 45 %. Chicken droppings (poultry droppings) with an average initial water content of 45% were treated.
Entre les mois de Mars et Novembre 1983, on a traité au total environ 8000 tonnes de matiere, sans utilisation totale de l'installation. Between the months of March and November 1983, a total of about 8000 tonnes of material were processed, without total use of the installation.
La durée de chaque traitement de déshydratation a été en moyenne de 15 jours avec réduction de l'humidité à 16 %, condition exigée par les stades suivants (transformation en pellets). The duration of each dehydration treatment was on average 15 days with reduction of humidity to 16%, a condition required by the following stages (transformation into pellets).
Les températures de gestion provoquées par la reproduction et la diffusion rapides de la flore bactérienne thermophile existant naturellement dès le début à l'état de spores dans la matière utilisée ont subi au cours du traitement les variations suivantes, à une température ambiante moyenne de 22"C :
- 1" jour : 260C
- 3 jour : 409C
- 50 jour : 530C
- 7 jour : 659C
- 9 jour : 60 C
- 11 jour : 51 C
b 12 jour 429C
- 13 jour Q 35QC
- 14 jour : 31 C
- 150 jour : 290C
Comme on l'a déjà indiqué, le procédé et l-'installation selon l'invention se prêtent au traitement de déshydratation, non seulement de déchets organiques, mais egalement d'autres substances organiques humides nécessitant une deshydratation. The management temperatures brought about by the rapid reproduction and diffusion of the thermophilic bacterial flora which naturally existed from the start as spores in the material used underwent the following variations during the treatment, at an average ambient temperature of 22 ". VS :
- 1 "day: 260C
- 3 day: 409C
- 50 day: 530C
- 7 day: 659C
- 9 day: 60 C
- 11 day: 51 C
b 12 day 429C
- 13 day Q 35QC
- 14 day: 31 C
- 150 day: 290C
As already indicated, the process and the installation according to the invention lend themselves to the treatment of dehydration, not only of organic waste, but also of other wet organic substances requiring dehydration.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2498182A IT1210966B (en) | 1982-12-24 | 1982-12-24 | POWER. INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING METHOD OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES THAT ALLOWS TO OBTAIN AN ADVANCED STATE OF DEHYDRATION OF THE SUBSTANCES WITH LOW USE OF |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2538519A1 true FR2538519A1 (en) | 1984-06-29 |
Family
ID=11215318
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8320641A Pending FR2538519A1 (en) | 1982-12-24 | 1983-12-23 | Drying of organic materials |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3346476A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES528363A0 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2538519A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1210966B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2628517A1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-15 | Inor | Collection hopper for organic waste - has course grain sand bed with embedded dry air distribution network, to day waste |
WO2007063296A3 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-09-13 | Covered Systems Ltd | Compost ventilation |
WO2015043706A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | Fachhochschule Münster | Method and device for the convection drying of goods |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3630637C2 (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1997-10-23 | Wolfgang Dipl Ing Berger | Device for carrying out a biological conversion of organic substances |
DE4120808A1 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1993-01-14 | Recycling Energie Abfall | REPROCESSING OF WASTE FOR ANAEROBIC PLANNING OF ORGANIC BIOGENIC COMPONENTS OF WASTE, ESPECIALLY OF BIOMUELL, WET WASTE, RESIDUAL WASTE AND COMMERCIAL WASTE |
DE19547062A1 (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 1997-06-19 | Ml Entsorgungs Und Energieanla | Process and device for drying organic waste |
DE10247126A1 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-08-05 | Lurgi Ag | Method and device for the biological drying of residual waste, sewage sludge and / or biomass |
DE102006012840A1 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-10-04 | IMA Sanierungszentren GbR (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter: BPG Gesellschaft für Bauplanung und Umwelttechnik mbH, Frankfurt & Wayss & Freytag Ingenieurbau AG, Frankfurt) | Process for landfilling the fine fine fractions of industrial, commercial and municipal mixed waste |
ES2486391B1 (en) * | 2013-02-14 | 2015-05-27 | Principium Aey International Sociedad De Responsabilidad Limitada | Modular micro-plant for biological activation of urban solid waste bacteria |
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US1597725A (en) * | 1923-06-13 | 1926-08-31 | American Beccari Corp | Process and apparatus for transforming organic matter |
FR796860A (en) * | 1935-01-16 | 1936-04-16 | Treatment process for household waste and urban waste | |
US2337686A (en) * | 1939-07-31 | 1943-12-28 | Wellesley Holdings Ltd | Process for the conversion of refuse into a humus fertilizer material |
US2723493A (en) * | 1951-02-21 | 1955-11-15 | Benjamin B Stoller | Method of making composts and for growing mushrooms |
FR2236933A1 (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1975-02-07 | Ohio Feed Lot | |
US4218233A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1980-08-19 | G. D. Searle & Co. | Method for deodorizing poultry houses |
WO1981003029A1 (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1981-10-29 | M Keane | System for converting waste materials into useful products |
-
1982
- 1982-12-24 IT IT2498182A patent/IT1210966B/en active
-
1983
- 1983-12-22 DE DE19833346476 patent/DE3346476A1/en active Granted
- 1983-12-23 ES ES528363A patent/ES528363A0/en active Granted
- 1983-12-23 FR FR8320641A patent/FR2538519A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1597725A (en) * | 1923-06-13 | 1926-08-31 | American Beccari Corp | Process and apparatus for transforming organic matter |
FR796860A (en) * | 1935-01-16 | 1936-04-16 | Treatment process for household waste and urban waste | |
US2337686A (en) * | 1939-07-31 | 1943-12-28 | Wellesley Holdings Ltd | Process for the conversion of refuse into a humus fertilizer material |
US2723493A (en) * | 1951-02-21 | 1955-11-15 | Benjamin B Stoller | Method of making composts and for growing mushrooms |
FR2236933A1 (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1975-02-07 | Ohio Feed Lot | |
US4218233A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1980-08-19 | G. D. Searle & Co. | Method for deodorizing poultry houses |
WO1981003029A1 (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1981-10-29 | M Keane | System for converting waste materials into useful products |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2628517A1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-15 | Inor | Collection hopper for organic waste - has course grain sand bed with embedded dry air distribution network, to day waste |
WO2007063296A3 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-09-13 | Covered Systems Ltd | Compost ventilation |
WO2015043706A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | Fachhochschule Münster | Method and device for the convection drying of goods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1210966B (en) | 1989-09-29 |
ES8600168A1 (en) | 1985-10-01 |
ES528363A0 (en) | 1985-10-01 |
IT8224981A0 (en) | 1982-12-24 |
DE3346476C2 (en) | 1991-07-25 |
DE3346476A1 (en) | 1984-06-28 |
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