FR2537207A1 - Pneumatic return device for inlet valve of engine with ignition by compression - Google Patents
Pneumatic return device for inlet valve of engine with ignition by compression Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2537207A1 FR2537207A1 FR8220145A FR8220145A FR2537207A1 FR 2537207 A1 FR2537207 A1 FR 2537207A1 FR 8220145 A FR8220145 A FR 8220145A FR 8220145 A FR8220145 A FR 8220145A FR 2537207 A1 FR2537207 A1 FR 2537207A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- return device
- air
- valve
- pneumatic return
- fixed cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
- F01L1/462—Valve return spring arrangements
- F01L1/465—Pneumatic arrangements
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif de rappel pneumatique pour une soupape d'admission sur un moteur à allumage par compression. The invention relates to a pneumatic return device for an intake valve on a compression-ignition engine.
On sait que la forme de la courbe de couple dlun moteur à quatre temps dépend largement des angles d'ouverture et de fermeture des soupapes. It is known that the shape of the torque curve of a four-stroke engine depends largely on the opening and closing angles of the valves.
Parmi ces angles,l'un des plus importants est l'angle de retard à la fermeture d'admission. Lorsque cet angle est grand, jusqu'à 80" sur les moteurs de compétition, le moteur donne un très bon couple et une très bonne puissance dans les régimes très élevés. Among these angles, one of the most important is the angle of delay in closing the intake. When this angle is large, up to 80 "on competition engines, the engine gives very good torque and very good power in very high revs.
Par contre, un tel moteur manque de souplesse. Lorsque cet angle est faible, par exemple de l'ordre de 30 , le moteur est très souple mais il manque de couple et de puissance à haut régime.On the other hand, such an engine lacks flexibility. When this angle is small, for example of the order of 30, the engine is very flexible but it lacks torque and power at high speed.
L'expérience montre que, pour avoir le maximum de couple à tous les régimes, il est souhaitable d'avoir un angle de retard à la fermeture d'admission très faible jusqu'au régime de maximum de couple et, ensuite, une augmentation très rapide de cet angle jusqu'au régime de maximum de puissance. Experience shows that, in order to have the maximum torque at all speeds, it is desirable to have a very small angle of delay in closing the intake until the maximum torque speed and, subsequently, a very large increase. fast from this angle to the maximum power speed.
Ceci est obtenu avec une assez bonne précision en ayant recours à un ressort pneumatique pour le rappel de la soupape d'admission. Un tel ressort est réalisé en comprimant une certaine quantité d'air dans une chambre à volume variable délimitée par un cylindre fixe dans lequel coulisse un piston solidaire de la tige de soupape. Au moins un orifice ménagé dans le cylindre et dégagé par le piston lorsque la soupape est fermée,assure le remplissage en air de la chambre à chaque cycle. This is achieved with fairly good precision by using an air spring to return the intake valve. Such a spring is produced by compressing a certain amount of air in a variable volume chamber delimited by a fixed cylinder in which slides a piston secured to the valve stem. At least one orifice made in the cylinder and released by the piston when the valve is closed, ensures that the chamber is filled with air during each cycle.
Grâce à cette disposition, appelée parfois distribution balistique, le ressort assure le contact entre le poussoir et la came, jusqu a un certain régime du moteur, par exemple 3.000 t/mn, puis le régime croissant, le poussoir décolle de la came et la soupape d'admission s'ouvre de plus en plus, se refermant de plus en plus tard, ce qui augmente l'angle de retard à la fermeture d'admission. Thanks to this arrangement, sometimes called ballistic distribution, the spring ensures contact between the pusher and the cam, up to a certain engine speed, for example 3,000 rpm, then the increasing speed, the pusher takes off from the cam and the The intake valve opens more and more, closing more and more later, which increases the delay angle when closing the intake.
Dans les premières réalisations,l'orifice de remplissage en air de la chambre constituant le ressort pneumatique communi quait directement avec l'espace situé autour des cylindres de ces ressorts. Malheureusement, comme il s'agissait d'air chargé de lubrifiant sous forme de goutelettes,de l'huile s'accumulait peu à peu dans la chambre du ressort pneumatique et le piston venait en compression hydraulique, entrainant la destruction des organes de commande des soupapes. In the first embodiments, the air filling orifice of the chamber constituting the pneumatic spring communicated directly with the space situated around the cylinders of these springs. Unfortunately, since it was air charged with lubricant in the form of droplets, oil gradually accumulated in the air spring chamber and the piston came into hydraulic compression, causing the destruction of the control members of the valves.
Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, on a relié les différents orifices de remplissage à une canalisation aboutissant à un filtre, ce qui s'est traduit par une complication sensible. To overcome this drawback, the various filling orifices have been connected to a pipe leading to a filter, which has resulted in a significant complication.
Èa présente invention, applicable aux moteurs à allumage par compression, se propose d'obtenir le même résultat par des moyens beaucoup plus simples éliminant la canalisation et le filtre supplémentaire s. The present invention, applicable to compression-ignition engines, proposes to obtain the same result by much simpler means eliminating the pipe and the additional filter.
L'invention concerne donc un dispositif de rappel pneumatique pour soupape d'admission de moteur à allumage par compression, comprenant un piston solidaire de la tige de soupape et coulis- sant dans un cylindre fixe, ce dernier comportant un orifice d'introduction d'air,obturé par le piston lors du mouvement d'ouverture de la soupape. The invention therefore relates to a pneumatic return device for an intake valve of a compression-ignition engine, comprising a piston integral with the valve stem and sliding in a fixed cylinder, the latter comprising an orifice for introducing air, blocked by the piston during the opening movement of the valve.
Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce que ledit orifice d'introduction d'air est relié au conduit d'admission du moteur. This device is characterized in that said air introduction orifice is connected to the engine intake duct.
Suivant d'autres caractéristiques
- le cylindre fixe comporte au moins un conduit pour le passage de l'air;
- le cylindre fixe est réalisé en deux parties délimitant entre elles ledit passage
- la tige de soupape étant reçue dans un guide fixé dans la culasse. un canal pour le passage de l'air est délimité entre le guide précité-et la culasse. According to other characteristics
- The fixed cylinder has at least one duct for the passage of air;
- the fixed cylinder is made in two parts delimiting between them said passage
- the valve stem being received in a guide fixed in the cylinder head. a channel for the passage of air is delimited between the aforementioned guide and the cylinder head.
Un exemple de réalisation fait l'objet de la description qui suit, en référence aux dessins joints dans lesquels :
- la Fig. 1 est une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de commande de soupape agencé selon l'invention-;
- la Fig. 2 est une coupe selon la ligne 2-2 de la
Fig. 1.An exemplary embodiment is the subject of the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a valve control device arranged according to the invention;
- Fig. 2 is a section along line 2-2 of the
Fig. 1.
Selon l'exemple représenté, qui concerne un moteur à allumage par compression, une soupape d'admission 1 coopère avec un siège 2 pour ouvrir ou fermer une communication entre une chambre de combustion 3 et un conduit d'admission 4 formé dans une culasse 5. According to the example shown, which relates to a compression-ignition engine, an intake valve 1 cooperates with a seat 2 to open or close a communication between a combustion chamber 3 and an intake duct 4 formed in a cylinder head 5 .
La.soupape 1 est portée par une tige 6 coulissant dans un guide 7 solidaire de la culasse 5 sur laquelle il est monté dans un alésage 8. La.soupape 1 is carried by a rod 6 sliding in a guide 7 integral with the cylinder head 5 on which it is mounted in a bore 8.
Un poussoir 9, coulissant dans une chemise 10 disposée dans un alésage 11 de la culasse 5, transmet à l'extrémité de la tige de soupape les mouvements imposés par une came 12 entravée en rotation par un arbre à cames 13. La base du poussoir 9 comporte une collerette 14 qui, lorsque la soupape 1 est fermée, pénètre dans un logement. 15: à diamètres étagés, formé à la base de la chemise 10. A pusher 9, sliding in a jacket 10 disposed in a bore 11 of the cylinder head 5, transmits to the end of the valve stem the movements imposed by a cam 12 hampered in rotation by a camshaft 13. The base of the pusher 9 comprises a flange 14 which, when the valve 1 is closed, enters a housing. 15: with stepped diameters, formed at the base of the jacket 10.
Un canal 16 d'amenée d'huile, ménagé dans la culasse 5, comporte un gicleur 17 qui débouche dans l'alésage 11, entre la base de la chemise 10 et la collerette 14, lorsque la soupape 1 est en position ouverte. A channel 16 for supplying oil, formed in the cylinder head 5, comprises a nozzle 17 which opens into the bore 11, between the base of the jacket 10 and the flange 14, when the valve 1 is in the open position.
Un piston 18 est serti sur une douille 19 dont la partie centrale, conique, enserre deux coupelles 20, de forme conjuguée, pourvues chacune d'un bourrelet intérieur 21 qui coopère avec une gorge 22 formée sur l'extrémité de la tige 6 de soupape. A piston 18 is crimped onto a sleeve 19, the central conical part of which encloses two cups 20, of conjugate shape, each provided with an internal bead 21 which cooperates with a groove 22 formed on the end of the valve stem 6 .
Le piston 18, qui possède deux segments d'étanchéité 23, coulisse dans un cylindre formé de deux manchons concentriques 24,25. Le piston 18 délimite avec le manchon intérieur 25 une chambre 26 à volume variable. The piston 18, which has two sealing segments 23, slides in a cylinder formed by two concentric sleeves 24,25. The piston 18 defines with the inner sleeve 25 a chamber 26 with variable volume.
Le manchon extérieur 24 comporte un rebord intérieur radial 27 qui prend appui sur un épaulement radial 5a de la culasse 5,tandis que le manchon interieur 25 comporte un rebord intérieur radial 28 qui prend appui sur le rebord 27 du manchon extérieur, et qui est centré sur le guide 7 de soupape. Les deux manchons 24, 25, délimitent entre eux un espace annulaire 29 limité, d'un cOté par le rebord 27, et de l'autre par serrage l'une sur l'autre des extrémités respectives des-manchons 24,25. The outer sleeve 24 has an inner radial rim 27 which is supported on a radial shoulder 5a of the cylinder head 5, while the inner sleeve 25 has an inner radial rim 28 which is supported on the rim 27 of the outer sleeve, and which is centered on valve guide 7. The two sleeves 24, 25 delimit between them a limited annular space 29, on one side by the rim 27, and on the other by clamping one on the other of the respective ends of the sleeves 24, 25.
Le manchon intérieur 25 comporte au moins un orifice 30 de communication entre la chambre 26 et l'espace annulaire 29. The inner sleeve 25 has at least one orifice 30 for communication between the chamber 26 and the annular space 29.
Cet orifice est disposé de telle sorte que la communication soit interrompue par le piston 18 au début du mouvement d'ouverture de la soupape 1, c'est à dire proche du bord inférieur du piston, en position de fermeture de la soupape. L'espace annulaire 29 communique en outre par un canal 31 formé dans le rebord 28, avec une chambre annulaire 32 qui communique par un canal 33 avec le conduit d'admission 4. De préférence, ce canal 33 est. délimité entre un méplat 34 du guide 7 et l'alésage 8 de la culasse.This orifice is arranged so that communication is interrupted by the piston 18 at the start of the opening movement of the valve 1, that is to say close to the lower edge of the piston, in the closed position of the valve. The annular space 29 further communicates by a channel 31 formed in the rim 28, with an annular chamber 32 which communicates by a channel 33 with the intake duct 4. Preferably, this channel 33 is. delimited between a flat 34 of the guide 7 and the bore 8 of the cylinder head.
Un ressort hélicoïdal 35, à faible rigidité, est comprimé entre la douille 19 et une rondelle fourchue 36 qui prend appui sur le rebord 28 du manchon 25 et est engagée dans une gorge 37 du guide 7. Un manchon 38 en élastomère est monté sur l'extrémité du guide 7 pour assurer l'étanchéité entre ce dernier et la tige 6 de la soupape. A helical spring 35, with low rigidity, is compressed between the sleeve 19 and a forked washer 36 which bears on the rim 28 of the sleeve 25 and is engaged in a groove 37 of the guide 7. An elastomer sleeve 38 is mounted on the end of the guide 7 to ensure the seal between the latter and the rod 6 of the valve.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif qui vient d'être décrit est le suivant
Lorsque la came 12 agit sur le poussoir 9, ce dernier entraide l'ouverture de la soupape 1,tandis que le piston 18, après.The operation of the device which has just been described is as follows
When the cam 12 acts on the pusher 9, the latter helps the opening of the valve 1, while the piston 18, afterwards.
avoir obturé l'orifice 30, comprime l'air emprisonné dans la chambre 26. La détente de cet air provoque ensuite la fermeture de la soupape 1,tandis que le ressort 35 assure son maintien contre son siège 2.having closed the orifice 30, compresses the air trapped in the chamber 26. The relaxation of this air then causes the valve 1 to close, while the spring 35 maintains it against its seat 2.
Lorsque la soupape 1 est fermée, une communication est établie entre la chambre 26 et le conduit d'admission 4, via l'orifice 30,1'espace annulaire 29,le canal 31,la chambre annulaire 32 et le canal 33. L'air présent dans le conduit d'admission 4 ayant nécessairement traversé le filtre habituel placé sur l'admission d'air au moteur, on voit que l'alimentation de la chambre 26 se fait en air filtré, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir un filtre particulier. When the valve 1 is closed, a communication is established between the chamber 26 and the intake duct 4, via the orifice 30, the annular space 29, the channel 31, the annular chamber 32 and the channel 33. air present in the intake duct 4 having necessarily passed through the usual filter placed on the air intake to the engine, it can be seen that the supply of the chamber 26 is done with filtered air, without it being necessary to provide a special filter.
D'autre part,s'agissant d'un moteur à allumage par compression,la zone de prélèvement ne peut être en dépression, du fait de l'absence de papillon des gaz, et elle ne comporte pas de carburant mélangé à l'air.On the other hand, in the case of a compression-ignition engine, the sampling zone cannot be under vacuum, due to the absence of a throttle valve, and it does not include fuel mixed with air .
Pour les vitesses de rotation du moteur relativement basses, le contact reste-constamment maintenu entre lactame 12 et le poussoir 9. Par contre, pour les régimes élevés, le poussoir 9 décolle de la came 12, entraînant une levée plus importante de la soupape 1 dont la fermeture se trouve retardée. For the relatively low engine rotation speeds, the contact remains-constantly maintained between the lactam 12 and the pusher 9. On the other hand, for high speeds, the pusher 9 takes off from the cam 12, causing a greater lifting of the valve 1 whose closure is delayed.
La reprise de contact entre le poussoir 9 et la came 12 se fait sans choc, grace au freinage provoqué par l'évacuation de l'huile introduite, par le gicleur 17, entre la collerette 14 et la base de la chemise 10, pendant le temps d'ouverture de la soupape. The resumption of contact between the pusher 9 and the cam 12 is done without shock, thanks to the braking caused by the evacuation of the oil introduced, by the nozzle 17, between the flange 14 and the base of the shirt 10, during the valve opening time.
La réalisation décrite ci-dessus permet donc de résoudre le problème posé puisque ni filtre, ni canalisation supplémentaires ne sont nécessaires. Par ailleurs,le trajet pour le pas-sage de l'air est obtenu par des moyens simples et sans usinage de la culasse ni du cylindre fixe. The embodiment described above therefore makes it possible to solve the problem posed since neither filter nor additional piping is necessary. Furthermore, the path for the passage of air is obtained by simple means and without machining the cylinder head or the fixed cylinder.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8220145A FR2537207A1 (en) | 1982-12-01 | 1982-12-01 | Pneumatic return device for inlet valve of engine with ignition by compression |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8220145A FR2537207A1 (en) | 1982-12-01 | 1982-12-01 | Pneumatic return device for inlet valve of engine with ignition by compression |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2537207A1 true FR2537207A1 (en) | 1984-06-08 |
| FR2537207B1 FR2537207B1 (en) | 1985-04-12 |
Family
ID=9279695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8220145A Granted FR2537207A1 (en) | 1982-12-01 | 1982-12-01 | Pneumatic return device for inlet valve of engine with ignition by compression |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2537207A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4592313A (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-06-03 | Speckhart Frank H | Pneumatic valve return |
| EP0396327A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-07 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve operating system of internal combustion engine |
| US5203535A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1993-04-20 | North American Philips Corporation | Cam actuated valve assembly with hydraulic spring |
| US5233950A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-08-10 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve operating system for internal combustion engine |
| DE4214839A1 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-11-11 | Audi Ag | Valve drive for IC engine - involves lift valve operated in opening direction by cam against force of pneumatic spring |
| DE10357552A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Valve drive for an internal combustion engine comprises a housing surrounding a gas-exchange valve shaft and having a radially inward-protruding shoulder at an opening, and a centering element fixed on a valve shaft guide and the shoulder |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2089976A5 (en) * | 1970-04-22 | 1972-01-07 | Alfa Romeo Spa | |
| FR2359967A1 (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1978-02-24 | Chrysler France | Hydraulic tappet for IC engine valve operation - has stiff valve spring hydraulically connected to valve stem via floating piston |
| DE2949413A1 (en) * | 1979-12-08 | 1981-06-11 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | IC engine valve resetting force changing device - uses pneumatic springs in addition to coiled valve springs with cam actuation |
-
1982
- 1982-12-01 FR FR8220145A patent/FR2537207A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2089976A5 (en) * | 1970-04-22 | 1972-01-07 | Alfa Romeo Spa | |
| FR2359967A1 (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1978-02-24 | Chrysler France | Hydraulic tappet for IC engine valve operation - has stiff valve spring hydraulically connected to valve stem via floating piston |
| DE2949413A1 (en) * | 1979-12-08 | 1981-06-11 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | IC engine valve resetting force changing device - uses pneumatic springs in addition to coiled valve springs with cam actuation |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4592313A (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-06-03 | Speckhart Frank H | Pneumatic valve return |
| EP0396327A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-07 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve operating system of internal combustion engine |
| US5058541A (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1991-10-22 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve operating system of internal combustion engine |
| US5203535A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1993-04-20 | North American Philips Corporation | Cam actuated valve assembly with hydraulic spring |
| US5233950A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-08-10 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve operating system for internal combustion engine |
| DE4214839A1 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-11-11 | Audi Ag | Valve drive for IC engine - involves lift valve operated in opening direction by cam against force of pneumatic spring |
| DE10357552A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Valve drive for an internal combustion engine comprises a housing surrounding a gas-exchange valve shaft and having a radially inward-protruding shoulder at an opening, and a centering element fixed on a valve shaft guide and the shoulder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2537207B1 (en) | 1985-04-12 |
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