FR2533593A1 - TEXTILE PRODUCT TYPE FIBER FIBER, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

PRODUCT TYPE THREAD OF FIBERS WITH STRANDS PARTLY INTERLACED BY PNEUMATIC MEANS AS CLAIMED IN FRENCH PATENT APPLICATION N81 24469 OF THE APPLICANT, IN WHICH THE INTERLACED FIBER SUPPORT IS IN A CENTRAL OR CORE POSITION, AROUND WHICH THE BALLS ARE WOUND. OPEN AREAS, THE LENGTH OF THE FREE ENDS BEING AT LEAST EQUAL TO THE AVERAGE CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE CENTRAL SUPPORT, THESE FREE ENDS FORMING ENVELOPES. PROCESS IN WHICH AT LEAST ONE WICK OF FIBERS IS SUPPLIED TO A STRETCHING TRAIN, THEN TO AT LEAST ONE OPEN INTERLACING NOZZLE SUPPLIED WITH GASEOUS FLUID, THE PRODUCT OBTAINED THEN PASSING THROUGH A LOW TORSION MEAN AT A SPEED 'AT LEAST 60MMN. DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. THE FIBER FILE TYPE PRODUCT IS USED IN ALL TEXTILE JOBS.

Description

The present application relates to a product type spun fibers, obtained

  by partial interlacing of textile fibers,

  as well as a method and a device for its manufacture.

  The manufacture of fiber yarns is well known in the textile industry. Thus the yarns are obtained according to the conventional methods by spinning cut fiber tows, stretched and twisted on spinning machines, more recently the so-called spinning mill. with loose ends or open-end, the fiber lock

  feeding a turbine, a selection of fibers and a twist

  These processes are used for the purpose of

  natural, artificial or synthetic fibers used alone or in admixture, the first conventional for fibers of all lengths, the second for fibers generally of shorter lengths of the order of 90 mm at the most; moreover, the speeds of obtaining fiber yarns are limited taking into account the speed limits supported by the mechanical means used; Thus for the conventional process the practical spinning speeds are of the order of 40 m / min in long fibers and for the open-end process of the order of 60 m / min in short fibers, it is also necessary to take account of the spinnability of the treated textile, it has been proposed in the patent

  No. 1,398,985 to produce a fiber yarn by interlacing

  fiber ribbon at speeds up to

  m / min in a special device in which the fibers

  laced are subject to two jets of fluid, with overeating

  in the treatment area, the interlaced yarn being produced

  encountering a perforated plate, the fibers being

of equal lengths.

  It has also been proposed in US Pat. Nos. 4,080,778 and 4,118,921 to perform, by interlaced cracking, a yarn of fibers of different length whose distribution

  is well determined by spinning at high speeds of

emptying of the order of 200 m / min.

  In order to obtain fiber yarns at high speeds by fiber interlacing, it is therefore known to use either particular means when fibers of equal or different lengths are used, or to use an interlacing cracking process which makes it possible to in the final product obtained a distribution of different lengths of fibers very particular In the Belgian patent No. 865 238 and the French patent 2 46104, it has been proposed the production of product type spun fibers from a wick using pneumatic means

false twist type nozzle.

  In the French patent application No. 81/24469 of the applicant, it has been proposed a yarn of fluid-interlaced strand fibers, characterized in that in the yarn the fibers are of

  same length, said yarn having a parallel strand structure

  propeller-free blades having open areas and closed areas, the fibers being intertwined unbound in the closed areas and parallel strands in the open areas, said open areas further comprising free ends, the cohesion factor of the fiber yarn being greater than 100 and preferably between 120 and 180 It has also been proposed in this application a method for producing said fiber yarns in which at least one tow of fibers of equal length is fed to a rolling mill and then at least one single-jet open interleaving nozzle supplied with gaseous fluid at a pressure preferably between 1 10 * Pa and 6 10 Pa, the angle formed by the axis of the passage channel of the wire in the nozzle and said wire being between zero and 80-, preferably between 20 and 60 'The wire obtained can be

  returned at a speed greater than 50 m / min.

  As indicated, the spun fiber product obtained has open ends in its open zones, in the industry these fiber yarns are referred to as the hair yarn. These yarns are of interest because of the touch imparted to the fabrics. and knits that contain them, as well as allowing special effects, we tend to eliminate their use when looking for non-hairy effects or more traditional

profit from traditional yarns.

  The present application proposes to obtain a standard product spun of regular fibers, characteristics compatible with those required in the textile industry, by the implementation

simple means.

  The subject of the present invention is a spun-type product

  fibers, with partially interwoven strands, obtained by means of

  as claimed in the French patent application N 81/24469 of the Applicant, characterized in that the interlaced fiber support is in the central or core position, around which are wound the free ends of the open areas, the length free ends being at least equal to the average circumference of

  the soul, these free ends forming an envelope.

  The present application also relates to a process for the manufacture of the spun fiber type product described above, characterized in that at least one fiber tow is fed to a rolling / drawing train and then delivered to at least one nozzle

  single-jet interleaving device supplied with gaseous fluid at a pressure of

5

  preferably between 1010 * Pa and 6 10 Pa, the angle formed by the axis of the passage channel of the wire in the nozzle and said wire being between zero and 80 ', preferably between 20 and 60,

  the wick thus treated then passing between two cylinders iter-

  middle torsion blockers that also help to regulate

  the tension of the yarn in the interlacing zone, then on a

  positive allowing the free ends to wrap around the intertwined core, then passes in a false-torsion means and the yarn is pulled by intermediate speed adjustable rollers, which control the tension of said yarn in the zone of false twist before finally being collected by a means known to

  a speed greater than 60 m / min.

  The present invention also relates to a device

  for the implementation of the above process necessary for obtaining

  of the spun fiber product, object of the present invention,

  characterized in that it comprises in the following order:

  at least one wick of fibers to at least one rolling / etching

  rage, delivery cylinders, at least one open fluidjet monojet interleaving means, supplied with gaseous fluid, means for adjusting the tension of the fiber yarn in the interleaving zone

  fluid, a means for rolling the fibers, at least one false means

  torsion, an intermediate delivery means with adjustable speed and a

  means of collecting the product type spun fibers obtained.

  It has indeed been found that by using single-object open interleaving means followed by false-twist means, it is possible, from at least one wick, to designate a ribbon or a wick of fibers, to obtain a product whose textile characteristics are comparable to those of fiber yarns obtained according to conventional methods, the loose ends enveloping the interwoven central structure, the product being

  of type soul / sheath from the same initial constitutant.

  By-fiber means fibers of the same length or of different lengths, they may be flat, curly or latent crimp, retractile, different dye affinity, or natural textile, artificial or synthetic, used alone or in mixture; when it comes to artificial or synthetic textiles, the fibers are obtained for example-either by cutting or by cracking, or by passing over a converter of continuous filament ribbons. In the case of synthetic textiles, they can be made of a single polymer of the same characteristic or of different characteristics, in several different polymers, the polymers of different characteristics or the different polymers that may be present in the fibers in the form of a mixture or in an arrangement sheath. For the production of the fiber yarn, the distance between the interlacing means and the rolling means is generally less than the average length of the fibers contained in the

wick or treated ribbon.

  The device for carrying out the process of the present application comprises at least one rolling / drawing used for

  refine the wick or ribbon supply, the possibility of feeding

  tation of several locks, colors and / or characteristics and / or different fibers, makes it possible to obtain, on the finished yarn, either by continuous treatment or by subsequent treatment, particular effects, these treatments being for example either heat treatments, coloring treatments of different dye affinity products, stressing treatments with or without relaxation and heat treatment, etc. The fluid medium used is generally air, possibly containing liquids (water , size, dye, etc.) fed at a pressure preferably between L0 O 5 Pa and 6 10 Jpa It is of conventional known type to obtain interleaving, not by false-twist, but by simple action on the fibers which Cross it is preferably used single-jet nozzles type

  open to know having a slot for the introduction of thread.

  It is moreover known that the interlacing nozzles have a maximum yield at a defined pressure and that, beyond this pressure, the yield tends to decrease by altering the textile properties of the fibers, or their relative positioning by plating.

  randomly on the walls of the nozzles.

  several nozzles, such as those of the present application,

  by putting them in series, which then allows to increase, so

  very sensitive, the cohesion factor, and to regularize the dis-

  In these conditions, the first nozzle is advantageously an open nozzle in which the lowest possible pressure is set to avoid creating irregularities on the yarn being formed. being placed in such a way that the evacuation of the fluid, which is mainly carried out by the wire introduction slot, does not come to disturb the positioning of the fibers S in the bu Si on the second nozzle, which could also be a monoject or

  several jets but preferably open, the pressure will be

  less than that of the fluid fed into the first nozzle Of course the fluid pressures in the first and the second nozzle are a function of the speed of formation of the wire, the number

  desired yarn and the title to the strand of the fibers Without leaving the

  of the present application, closed nozzles may be used in so far as they are designed so that the exhaust of

  fluid occurs without harmful action on the yarn in formation.

  The fluid temperature is usually the temperature

  ambient temperature, however, when fiber with

  special characteristics, such as retractile, crimped

  latent, etc., the temperature may be higher.

  Firstly, the first nozzle must be positioned such that the angle formed by the axis of the passage channel of the wire in said nozzle and said wire is between zero and 80 ', preferably between 20 and 60 °. always avoid that the escapement has fluid through the passage of the wire does disturb the implementation of the process and create defects on

thread.

  The false-twist means can be a pneumatic means

  or mechanical example of the belt type, friction discs.

  The means for rolling the wires may be a plate or a guide, for example provided or not with a vacuum device facilitating

  winding the loose ends around the frame.

  The attached figures and the description below

  This report illustrates the present application without limiting it. FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows the feed means 1 of the wick or ribbon 2, by e x e m p 1 e

  a reel or pot, the drawing means constituted by the rolls

  Feeding lines 3, sleeves 4, r o u 1 e a u x 5,

  the interleaving means 6, the product obtained 7, the means of re-

  setting of the tension 8 of the product 7, the rolling means of the threads 9,

  the false-torsion means 10, the delivery rollers with a maximum speed

  11 of the product type fiber-spun 12 obtained, the collection means 13, here a winding, one could recover the same in pots The means 11 and 8 to control the tension in the false twist zone The means 5 and 8 allowing

  adjust the tension in the interlacing zone.

  FIG. 2 represents an exemplary means of interleaving

  6 open-type monocrystalline used in which is distinguished the wick 2, the product 7 obtained by passage of the wick in the channel 14 in which it is subjected to a jet of fluid from the orifice 15, the means being shown in section along the axis of the passage channel of the wire, 16 represents one of the lips of the wire insertion slot,

  slot through which most of the fluid

presented by arrows.

  In operation, the wick 2, coming from the feed means 1 passes through the drawing / rolling means constituted by the food rollers 3, the sleeves 4 and the delivery rollers 5, and then at the outlet thereof, according to an anglec K in the interleaving means 6 o o the product 7 which then passes in the voltage regulator guide means 8 and then on the medium

  of rolling 9 before being introduced into the false means of

  twist 10, here, a belt means, o it leaves to be taken between the delivery rollers It adjustable speed; the obtained fiber-spun product product 12 being then returned by means 13 or recovered by any other means such as in pots by

example.

  After passing through the nozzle, the cohesion factor of the fiber yarn is generally less than 100, depending on the

  desired metric number, from title to strand and from material work-

fiber module, etc. -

  FIG. 3 consists of two photos: 3a represents the spun fiber product -obtained by the process described in FIG.

  French patent application 81/24469, it presents a structure

  At the center of either side of which free ends escape, the picture 3b represents the typical product spun of fibers as obtained according to the process of the present application, namely a central structure forming a 9th around which wind up

free ends forming an envelope.

  The torque characteristics of breaking strength and elongation at break are good, the wire obtained by the process of the present application lends itself well without additional torsion and without heat treatment fixing (vaporizing for example) to work on a loom. weave and knitting or other

textile downstream use.

  The resulting spun-fiber products can be.

  used as such or in combination with other yarns or yarns

  In order to measure the "degree of interlacing" of the wires, the so-called "hook" method is used. For this purpose, a load of 0.2 g / denier is suspended on a sample of wire in a vertical position, and then the bundle of fibers a thin hook supporting a weight; this set has a weight in grams, numerically equal to the average fiber titer, substantially identical on either side of the hook. Next, the hook is lowered at a speed of approximately 2 cm / min, until the

  weight of the hook is supported by the wire Distance x in cen-

  timers traveled by the hook characterizes the degree of interweaving

  cement D with the following formula: D = 100 The x is repeated 100 times, using for each measurement a new length

the same thread.

  The following example illustrates the present application without limiting it.

Example -

  A continuous filament cable made from polyethylene terephthalate

  ethylene glycol low type pilling: 70 Ktex, from title to strand: 1.6 dtex is converted to ribbon 12 g / m, cut on Pacific Converter with obliquity set to 35, cut to 88 mm This ribbon is mixed by processes classics to a wool sliver of fineness 21 u,

  weight: 20 g / mi to present in the final blend of polyester / wool

  in the ratio 45/55% by weight, the wick being of metric number

  only 0.75; a wick is fed to the device shown in FIG. 1 at 7.5 m / min, speed of the delivery rollers 5: 200 m / min, the

  wick then passes into an interlacing nozzle 6 such as

  presented in FIG. 2, located at 40 mm from the emitters 5, the diameter of the passage channel of the wire: 3 mm fed by a channel with a diameter of: 2 mm This mono jet nozzle has a lateral thread slot, the slot does not disturb the fibers at the exit of the rolling / drawing train (c> C 45 e), air pressure: 2 105 Pa Downstream of the nozzle, call rollers 8 make it possible to accurately control the relaxation fibers in the interleaving zone, they rotate at a speed slightly lower than that of the emitters 5,

  The product then passes to a plate on which

  the roller rolls the interlaced product 7, the rollers 8 acting as the upward torsion blocker communicated to the product 7 by a false-torsion device 10 belts, belt speed 686 -m / min, the product type spun fiber then passes between of the

  intermediate rollers 11 The speed ratio between these wheels

  and the rollers 8 being close to one; at the outlet of the rollers 11, the resulting type of spun yarn 12 obtained is conveyed by conventional means at a speed of 193 m / min. The characteristics of the resulting type of spun yarn are as follows: Metric number: 13 Elongation 11.5 Z Resistance (breaking load) 620 g Kilometer resistance 8 Regularity UX 13 The fiber-type product obtained has a fiber support intertwined in a central position around which

  are wrapped free ends forming envelope.

1 l

Claims (6)

  1 / Product type spun of partially stranded fibers   pneumatically interwoven as claimed in the   French patent application No 81/24469 of the applicant,   in that the interlaced fiber support is in the central or core position, around which are wound free ends of the open areas, the length of the free ends being at least equal to the average circumference of the support, these free ends forming envelope.   2 / Process for the manufacture of the spun fiber type product of claim 1, characterized in that at least one fiber tow is fed to a rolling / drawing train, then delivered to at least one open interlacing nozzle   monojet supplied with gaseous fluid at a pressure of 5   between 1.105 Pa and 6 10 Pa, the angle formed by the axis of the passage channel of the wire in the nozzle and said wire being between zero   and 80 ', preferably between 20 and 60, the wick so treated not-   between two interlocking intermediate cylinders   twist which also allow to adjust the tension of the wire in the -   interlacing zone, then on a device allowing the free ends to wrap around the intertwined soul, then go into   a false-torsion means and then it is towed by internal rollers   adjustable speed brackets, which control the tension of said yarn in the false twist zone before being collected   finally by known means at a speed greater than 60 m / min.   3 / A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the wire, at the outlet of the interlacing nozzle, has   a cohesion factor of less than 100.   4 / A method according to claim 2, characterized in   that the intermediate cylinders rotate at an in-   lower than that of the delivery cylinders to allow a   relaxation in the interlacing zone.   Device for implementing the method of claim 2, characterized in that it comprises in order means for supplying at least one fiber wick to at least one rolling / drawing means, cylinders transmitters, at least one open fluidic interleaving means supplied with gaseous fluid,   means for adjusting the thread tension in the work area   fluid positioning, means for rolling the wires, at least one false-twist means, an intermediate speed-adjustable delivery means,   a means for collecting the product type spun fiber obtained.   Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein   the fluidic means is an interlacing nozzle.   7 / Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein   the false-twist means is a belt means.   8 / Apparatus according to claim j wherein   the false-twist means is a friction disk means.