FR2523616A1 - DEVICE FOR LOCKING WEAR PARTS OF GROUNDING MACHINES - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION CONCERNS LOCKING DEVICES. IT RELATES TO A LOCKING DEVICE 1 HAVING A LOCKING BODY 8 RETAINING A TEETH 13 OF AN EARTH MOVING MACHINE ON A SUPPORT 14 BY COOPERATION WITH SURFACES 17, 18. AN ELASTIC PART PUSHES THE LOCKING BODY INTO POSITION BUT A 23 HOLE ALLOWS THE INTRODUCTION OF A CHUCK WHICH CAN SPREAD THE LOCKING UNIT THEN, BY ROTATION, EXIT THE LOCKING DEVICE WHICH THEN RELEASES TOOTH 13 WHICH IS A REMOVABLE WEAR PART. APPLICATION TO THE REPLACEMENT OF EARTH-MOVING MACHINE TOOLS.

Description

The present invention relates to a device

  blocking tool wear parts of machines of ter-

  reassurance, allowing a quick and easy replacement

  even during short poses during work.

  The expression "machine tools for decking" is applicable to all types of loaders, excavators, excavators, rotary dredgers, forestry plows, etc., and since they are subject to very important wear, they are provided with easily replaceable wear parts, such as teeth, cutting edges, tips or the like. Wear parts

  can be mounted directly on the tool or through

  However, all easily replaceable wear tools have the added advantage of

  common assembly through special devices.

  Temporary type blocking devices A fundamental type

  current of blocking device comprises two metal parts

  More or less parallel pins connected by an elastic intermediate portion formed for example of rubber which must be deformed so that the locking device is put in place The elasticity of the intermediate portion then facilitates the retention of a locking device while the The tool is in use On the other hand, all the larger forces applied to the blocking device are absorbed by the metal sides As a rule, this type of locking device is mounted in a hole or groove that is cut transversally to

  the direction of assembly and removal of the wear part.

  A representative example of this type of blockage is described in Swedish Patent No. 333,551, corresponding to United States Patent No. 3,879,867.

  special locking devices based on principles

  Analogous but mounted in the direction of placing and removing the wear part. US Pat. No. 3,312,004 describes an example of such a locking device. an elastic part of amortiss't''t and a part metalli =

  The blocking part is provided with a block

  The special locking device intended to block the wear part in position is a disadvantage of this type of device.

  blocking is that it is locked in the device of

  the wear part and it must be put in position before the introduction of the wear part The biggest disadvantage of this locking device -is however that it must exceed outside of the wear part so that it gives access to its external edges and

  that it can be pushed down his throat during the

  so that the wear part can be removed.

  Swedish Patent Application No. 77 09 969-5 discloses a locking device of another type which is put in place in the mounting and removal direction of the wear part and can be put into position after

  putting the wear part in place However, this amount

  In combination, it provides damping, riveting and blocking of the locking device. The latter is well protected in a groove formed between the wear member and the mounting member.

  be removed before the wear part.

  As the actual blocking function is achieved by riveting, a heavy hammer must be available during set-up and furthermore a frustoconical chuck must be available when removing the chuck.

  used to correct the previously distorted part of the

by riveting.

  Whatever the aspect of the particular blocking device, it must be seen when it is in position

  blocking in the wearing part or its support

  blocking position and the locking position form an assembly

blocking.

  The present invention relates to a new assembly

  The invention relates to a blocking system for the use of earthwork machine tools. The blocking system is essentially intended for use on parts

  of wear that one might want to equip with a device

  cage that is put in place and removed in the same direction

  the wear part. It is considered that the whole

  blocking device described in the aforementioned patent application

  Sweden, No 77 09969-5 is replaced by the set of

  In this case, only the actual blocking device is modified, while in other cases it may be necessary to modify the blocking position.

  and other details, for example the dimension of openness

  which, according to the invention, is used to give access to the locking device with a special mandrel used

  for removal of the blocking device.

  The advantages of the locking assembly according to the invention are for example its very great ease of assembly without any mandrel, and disassembly with the mandrel

  Specially adapted to the blocking assembly

  vention is also very reliable because its location is excep-

  tionally well protected, between the wear part and the support It is also very convenient to realize so that

  the blocking device can not be introduced into the

  lock, that in the proper manner, this characteristic

  may be of great importance in case of

psychological pressure.

  In summary, the blocking assembly according to the invention

  may be described as comprising first of all a provision

  locking device formed of two metal side parts and an intermediate elastic part, and then a blocking position of the device, in the form of a groove formed between the mounted wear part and its support, the locking device being able to penetrate in the groove by compression of the intermediate part; one of the parties

  side of the blocking device acts as a ver-

  locking block and is placed in the space separating the two opposite blocking surfaces, one of which is formed in the wear part and the other in the support. This lateral part which acts as a lock blocks the part wear and the support relative to each other

  and simultaneously prevents the fall of the locking device.

  According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the external broad side of the lateral part which plays the

  the role of a lock and which is turned away from the

  intermediate tie has a progressive pattern of friction and is accessible from the outside through an orifice formed in the wearing part or support The action of a force on

  this side part through the opening, using a man-

  drin or the like, allows the compression of the inter-

  sufficiently in order for the

  the blocking position and the blocking device can be removed simultaneously.

  the progressive drawing of friction makes it possible to move

  The progressive friction pattern is normally formed by a series of serrated grooves placed perpendicular to the direction of placement of the locking device. Thus, the outside of the locking device side part in the shape of a rack The mandrel must have grooves of similar shape, that is to say in shape

  placed longitudinally on its own

  The end of the mandrel is pointed

  kills while the aforementioned opening is in the form of a cylindrical hole perpendicular to the main direction

  of the locking device and arranged with respect to

  blocking action so that when the chuck has

  penetrated into the opening, the middle part

  sufficiently distorted so that the locking device

  cage can be removed from the lock position.

  In addition to the fundamental characteristic of the invention, other secondary or less important characteristics are taken into account. It can be seen that the intermediate portion may advantageously be formed of an easily compressed elastic material, for example a rubber foam. instead of the qualities of semi-hard but deformable rubbers which have hitherto been used in locking devices in

similar applications.

  We also note that it is advantageous for

  side parts of the locking device are made

  to interlock with one another, for example by forming, in one of the lateral parts, a groove which hooks on a cam formed on the other

  side and along which it can move

cer.

  Other features and advantages of the

  will become apparent from the following description,

  with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective of a locking device according to the invention; Figure 2 shows, on a different scale, the locking device in position in a tooth support shown partially in section and which carries a tool tip; Figures 3 and 4 show details of Figure 2 during placement and removal of the blocking device; and FIG. 5 is an elevation of a useful mandrel

according to the invention.

  The blocking device 1 represented in person

  Figure 1 has a base piece 2 and an end piece 3 which is firmly connected to it, the two pieces being formed of a metal. A locking lock 5 also formed of a metal is connected to the pieces 2. and 3 base and end by an intermediate

  4 formed of a deformable elastic material and preferably

  compressible, for example a rubber foam so that the whole forms a whole The broad face 6 tour

  outwardly of the lock 5 has the shape of a flange

  braked and, in her highest peerage, she has some

  number of grooves 7 similar to gear teeth,

  perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the locking device A guide groove 9 is formed in the edge 8 of the latch facing towards the end piece 3

  and clamps a guiding flange 10 formed in the workpiece of

  In addition, the end piece 3 has a second flange.

? 523616

  11 for guiding to cooperate with the tooth or its support The locking device can also have a

  wedge shape of the end piece inwards.

  In this way, in cooperation with the guide flange 11, it prevents the insertion of the locking device into the locking groove between the tool and the support of a

  different from the one we indicated.

  The intermediate portion 4 has a wedge shape narrowing inwardly so that the lock 5, when not subjected to a force, makes a particular angle with the base piece 2 When the intermediate portion n ' is not subject to force, the edge 8

  the bolt, turned towards the end piece, exceeds

  below this The distortion and compression pos-

  The intermediate piece has the possibility of moving the edge 8 inwards with respect to the lower edge of the end piece. The intermediate piece has two cavities 12 (only one is shown in the figure) each formed on one side of the flange. 10 guidance so that this operation

be facilitated.

  FIG. 2 shows the blocking device 1 placed between a tip 13 forming a tooth and a support 14 of the tooth which is only partly shown in partial section in FIG. groove formed in the support 14, in the direction indicated by the arrow T The tooth and its support cooperate

  by a transverse groove and teeth 15 and 16 which ensure

  In this way, the teeth

  are blocked in all directions except in the di-

  removal procedure which is opposed to the positioning direction The tip 13 has a blocking surface 17

  facing outwards, and the tooth support has an over-

  face 18 facing inward An opening

  19 is formed between the tip and its support and the arrangement

  The blocking device 1 can enter this opening, in the same direction as the mounting of the tooth (as indicated by the reference M in FIG. 3). A groove 20 is formed at the bottom of the opening 19 for accommodating the flange 11. When the latter is pushed in place, the limited height of the locking device

  the opening forces the latch to deform the inter-

  The height of the opening is enough for housing

  of the end piece 3 and the basic piece 2

  that the inner end 21 of the lock 5 comes into contact

  of the blocking surface 17 of the tip, the extreme end

  8 of the lock protrudes beyond the blocking surface 18 of the

  port and is pushed back down by the intermediate part

  4 in a locking position 22, for this purpose, so that it is locked against this surface In this position, the lock is placed in the space between the two locking surfaces 17 and 18 and, in this way , it blocks the tip 13 of the tooth in its position in

  the support 14 (see Figure 2) To the outside, the arrangement

  The locking device is completely protected by the end piece 3. An opening 23 is formed in the holder 14 so that it allows the locking device to be removed. This opening is perpendicular to the direction of insertion and removal. the locked position, the lock covers part of this opening (see

Figure 2).

  The tool shown in FIG. 5 is used during the removal. This tool comprises a mandrel 24 of circular section that is pointed or chamfered at its end. The outer end of the mandrel has a handle. It enters the opening 23 and comprises also grooves 26 similar to gear teeth having the same profile as the grooves formed on the large outer face

lock 5.

  When the blocking device must be

  pulled, the mandrel 24 is introduced through the opening 23 and fully depressed into the opening, and the tip of the mandrel is then moved inward under the latch

  which is thus driven out of its locking position 22.

  The mandrel then moves the latch out of the opening 19. FIG. 4 shows the displacement (in the direction of arrow D) of the latch out of the locking position.

at its beginning.

  The designs of the latch and mandrel are not necessarily in the form of serrated grooves, although this arrangement is often the most convenient Once the locking device has been removed, the tip of

the tooth can be removed.

  Each blocking device of this type can

  be used for a large number of tool tips.

Claims (8)

CLAIMS I   1 Assembly for blocking replaceable wear parts for earthmoving machinery tools,   of the type comprising two lateral parts (2, 3 and 5)   formed of a metal and an elastically deformable intermediate portion (4), and a locking position (22) in the form of a groove (19) for accommodating a locking device (1) between a wear part (13) placing and its support (14), the locking device being able to penetrate into the groove by deformation of its own intermediate part   (4), one of the lateral parts (5) of the device   locking member acting as a locking latch and being placed in the space between the two opposing locking surfaces, one of which (17) is formed in the wear part and the other (18) in the wear part; support (14), if   although their common movement and indi-   are prevented, said assembly being characterized in that said lateral part (5) which acts as a locking latch which, in the locking position, is arranged between the two locking surfaces comprises, along its large outer face (6) opposite to the intermediate portion, a drawing (7) increasing the friction, this   large face (6) being accessible from the outside through   an opening (23) formed in the wear part or in its support, by means of a mandrel (24) by means of which the elastic intermediate part (4) can be deformed sufficiently so that the lateral part (5) is spaced from the locking position (22), the mandrel being able to clamp said drawing so that it moves the locking device (1) out of the groove (19) placed between the part of wear (13) and the support (14).   2 locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the drawing (7) of the lateral part is placed perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the locking device (1) and has grooves in the form of gear teeth forming a rack outside the side part, and this serrated rack is "523616   accessible to the mandrel through an opening (23) placed   perpendicularly to the housing groove (19) of the locking device, the opening having a circular cross-section and being formed of a relatively sharp axis which can rotate in the opening (23), turned towards the lateral part of the locking device and having longitudinal grooves   (26) intended to cooperate with the grooves of the rack.   3 assembly according to one of claims 1 and   2, characterized in that the elastic intermediate portion (4) has a wedge shape so that the side portions   (2, 3 and 5) form an angle with each other.   4 Set according to any one of the claims   1 to 3, characterized in that the two lateral parts   (2, 3 and 5) are formed in such a way that they become   Breaking into each other (8-10) at least at one end of the blocking device.   An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lateral part (2) which does not form a connection between the locking surfaces is provided with an end piece (3) which separates the groove from the outside when the locking device is in position.   Assembly according to any one of the claims   preceding, characterized in that the end piece (3), on its inwardly facing edge, has a rib (10) for guiding the other lateral part (5) and in that its edge (8) turned towards the end piece (3) a a complementary throat.   7 An assembly according to any one of the claims   previous arrangements, characterized in that the end piece   mité (3) has a guide groove (11), and the groove (19) of the locking device has an equivalent guide groove (20) making it impossible to mount the device   blocking in more than one way.   8 according to any one of the claims   characterized in that the mandrel (24) for removing the locking device (1) has a shape   Chamfer corner at its inner end, and its end   external unit has a handle (25) for rotating the mandrel.   9 An assembly according to any one of the claims   characterized in that the intermediate part (4) of the locking device (1) is formed of a very easily compressible elastic material such as the rubber foam.