FR2523499A1 - Torque limiter for torque wrench - uses springs to apply flanged input and output axles to one another and ball bearings to support input axle - Google Patents

Torque limiter for torque wrench - uses springs to apply flanged input and output axles to one another and ball bearings to support input axle Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2523499A1
FR2523499A1 FR8205136A FR8205136A FR2523499A1 FR 2523499 A1 FR2523499 A1 FR 2523499A1 FR 8205136 A FR8205136 A FR 8205136A FR 8205136 A FR8205136 A FR 8205136A FR 2523499 A1 FR2523499 A1 FR 2523499A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
axle
torque
flange
input
square
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8205136A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Andre Bourrat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges Stephanoises SA
Original Assignee
Forges Stephanoises SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forges Stephanoises SA filed Critical Forges Stephanoises SA
Priority to FR8205136A priority Critical patent/FR2523499A1/en
Publication of FR2523499A1 publication Critical patent/FR2523499A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/141Mechanical overload release couplings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1427Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by mechanical means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

The torque-limiter may be incorporated in a torque wrench, using a cage (2) to enclose washers (16) applying a flanged output (10) axle (13) to an input axle (3). The input axle receives drive via a square socket (5), the output axle transmits drive via a square lug (14), and the two axles separate when the required level of torque is reached.S The springs fit between the output axle flange and casing wall returns (2a) whilst a ball bearing (19) race supports the input axle, the arrangement ensuring that the resistance to output axle rotation is greater than that applied to the input axle.

Description

L'invention est relative à un limiteur de couple de serrage.De tels limiteurs sont destinés à être interposés entre un organe fournissant un couple de serrage,tel qu' une clé à cliquet,et un organe entrainé,tel qu'une douille polygonale ou un tournevis,pour interrompre la transmission du couple de serrage au-delà d'une valeur préréglée. The invention relates to a tightening torque limiter. Such limiters are intended to be interposed between a member providing a tightening torque, such as a ratchet, and a driven member, such as a polygonal socket or a screwdriver, to interrupt the transmission of the tightening torque beyond a preset value.

L'invention vise plus particulièrement les limiteurs composés d'un bottier dans lequel,d'une part,des rondellesressorts plaquent une collerette,solidaire d'un carré femelle d'entrainement contre une autre collerette,solidaire d'un carré-mâle entraineur,et d'autre part,la liaison en rotation des deux collerettes est assurée par engagement de deux dentures complémentaires aptes à se désengager lorsque le couple est atteint. The invention relates more particularly to limiters composed of a shoemaker in which, on the one hand, spring washers flatten a flange, secured to a female square drive against another flange, secured to a square coach-male, and on the other hand, the rotational connection of the two flanges is ensured by engagement of two complementary teeth capable of disengaging when the torque is reached.

Lors du déclenchement du limiteur,ses composants sont soumis,d'une part,à un mouvement de rotation et,d'aùtre part,à un mouvement de translation provenant de l'écarte- ment des deux dentures.En l'absence de prsscautions,ce qui est le cas dans de nombreux limiteurs,le mouvement de rotation se transmet aux rondelles élastiques qui sont ainsi l'objet de frottements parasites et d'arcboutements aléatoires entrainant une modification de l'effort qu' elles exercent sur la collerette correspondante et,en conséquence,de l'effort de tarage.Il en résulte que le couple de serrage n'est pas constant.Pour remédier à cela,le brevet français 1.324.977 décrit un dispositif dans lequel les rondelles élastiques prennent appui sur la collerette de l'entraîneur avec interposition d'une butée à billes tandis que l'autre collerette,solidaire du carré d'entrainement,appuie sur le boitier avec interposition de billes. When the limiter is triggered, its components are subjected, on the one hand, to a rotational movement and, on the other hand, to a translational movement originating from the separation of the two teeth. In the absence of precautions , which is the case in many limiters, the rotational movement is transmitted to the elastic washers which are thus the object of parasitic friction and random arcboutements causing a modification of the force which they exert on the corresponding flange and , as a result, the taring force. As a result, the tightening torque is not constant. To remedy this, French patent 1,324,977 describes a device in which the elastic washers bear on the flange of the coach with interposition of a ball stop while the other flange, integral with the drive square, presses on the housing with interposition of balls.

Bien que théoriquement satisfaisante,cette structure conduit à des valeurs de frottement identiques sur les collerettes et ne permet pas de garantir l'absence de rotation du carré entraineur au moment du déclenchement,de sorte que le couple de serrage optimal peut être dépassé. Although theoretically satisfactory, this structure leads to identical friction values on the flanges and does not guarantee the absence of rotation of the driving square at the time of tripping, so that the optimal tightening torque can be exceeded.

De plus,ce limiteur de couple est onéreux à réaliser, car pour permettre la mise en place de ses différents composants et,notamment,des butées à bille,son boitier est complexe et fait appel à de nombreuses pièces exigeant des usinages et un montage délicat et coûteux. In addition, this torque limiter is expensive to make, because to allow the establishment of its various components and, in particular, ball bearings, its housing is complex and uses many parts requiring machining and delicate assembly and expensive.

La présente invention a pour but de fournir un limiteur de couple qui,de construction simple,permet d'obtenir un couple de déclenchement régulier,donc un couple de serrage constant. The object of the present invention is to provide a torque limiter which, of simple construction, makes it possible to obtain a regular tripping torque, therefore a constant tightening torque.

A cet effet,dans ce limiteur de couple du type précité,la collerette,solidaire du carré mâle d'entrainement, prend directement appui sur des rondelles-ressorts,en appui par ailleurs sur un retour ménagé à l'une des extrémités du boîtier tubulaire,tandis que l'autre collerette s'appuie avec interposition de billes,donc avec un coefficient de frottement inférieur à celui de l'autre collerette sur les rondelles,sur une bague vissée dans l'autre extrémité du bottier. To this end, in this torque limiter of the aforementioned type, the collar, integral with the male drive square, bears directly on spring washers, also bearing on a return formed at one end of the tubular housing. , while the other flange rests with the interposition of balls, therefore with a coefficient of friction lower than that of the other flange on the washers, on a ring screwed into the other end of the case.

Ce limiteur a une structure très simplifiée,peu coC- teuse à réaliser,et garantissant la fiabilité de son fonc tionnement.Lors du déclenchement,et en raison de la différence des efforts de frottement,seul le carré femelle entraineur continue à pivoter,tandis que l'ensemble du bo- tier,à l'exception du carré d'entrainement,est soumis à un faible déplacement axial,sans préjudice sur la valeur du couple de déclenchement. This limiter has a very simplified structure, inexpensive to produce, and guaranteeing the reliability of its operation. When tripping, and due to the difference in friction forces, only the female square drive continues to pivot, while the entire housing, with the exception of the drive square, is subjected to a small axial displacement, without prejudice to the value of the tripping torque.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit,en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant ,à titre d'exemple non limitatif,une forme d'exécution de ce limiteur de couple. The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of this torque limiter.

Figures 1 et 2 en sont des vues de c8té avec coupe partielle le représentant,respectivement,en position de repos et au moment du déclenchement. Figures 1 and 2 are views of c8té with partial section representing it, respectively, in the rest position and at the time of release.

De façon connue,ce limiteur de couple est composé d'un boStier,désigré de façon générale par 2,à l'intérieur duquel sont montés libres en rotation,d'une part, un entraineur 3 et,d'autre part,un organe entrainé 4. In known manner, this torque limiter is composed of a housing, generally desigrated by 2, inside which are mounted free in rotation, on the one hand, a driver 3 and, on the other hand, a member trained 4.

L'entraineur 2 comporte un carré-femelle 5,apte à coopérer avec le carré-mAle 6 d'un organe d'entrainement,tel qu'une clé à cliquet 7.Il est également solidaire d'une collerette 8 dont la face inférieure est munie d'une denture 9.L'organe entraîné 4 est muni d'une collerette 10 avec denture 12,apte à coopérer avec celle 9 précitée,et d'une partie cylindrique 13 dépassant du bottier 2 et comportant un carré mâle 14,apte à coopérer avec un outil tel qu'une douille de serrage 15.La denture 12 de la collerette 10 est plaquée contre la denture 9 de l'organe d'entrainement 3 par des rondelles élastiques 16,de type wBellevillen,empilées les unes sur les autres et prenant appui sur le botier,
Selon l'invention,ces rondelles prennent appui à leur partie inférieure sur un retour intérieur 2a et logé à l'extrémité inférieure du bottier 2,et par leur extrémité supérieure,directement sur la collerette 10.La collerette 12 est également appliquée par ses rondelles élastiques 16 contre une bague filetée 17 vissée sur un filetage 18 ménagé à l'extrémité supérieure du bottier 2.
The trainer 2 comprises a square-female 5, able to cooperate with the square-male 6 of a drive member, such as a ratchet wrench 7.It is also integral with a flange 8 whose lower face is provided with a toothing 9. The driven member 4 is provided with a flange 10 with toothing 12, able to cooperate with that mentioned above, and with a cylindrical part 13 projecting from the shoemaker 2 and comprising a male square 14, able to cooperate with a tool such as a clamping sleeve 15. The toothing 12 of the flange 10 is pressed against the toothing 9 of the drive member 3 by elastic washers 16, of the wBellevillen type, stacked one on the other the others and leaning on the case,
According to the invention, these washers are supported at their lower part on an inner return 2a and housed at the lower end of the boot 2, and by their upper end, directly on the flange 10.The flange 12 is also applied by its washers elastic 16 against a threaded ring 17 screwed onto a thread 18 formed at the upper end of the boot 2.

La collerette 8 s'appuie sur cette bague filetée avec interposition de billes 19.The collar 8 rests on this threaded ring with interposition of balls 19.

Grâce à cet agencement,le coefficient de frottement entre la collerette 8 et la bague 17 est plusieurs fois inférieur au coefficient de frottement entre la collerette 10 et les rondelles élastiques 16. Ainsi,comme montré à la figure 2,dans la phase de déclenchement du limiteur de couple,seul l'organe d'entrainement 3 peut continuer à pivote par rapport au boîtier 2,alors que l'organe en trainé 4 reste immobilisé par rapport aux rondelles 16 qui,en se comprimant,permettent à l'ensemble formé par le bottier 2,la bague 17 et l'entraîneur 3,de se déplacer verticalement vers le haut sous l'effet des efforts de réaction s'exerçant sur les deux dentures 9 et 12 et tendant à écarter celles-ci. Thanks to this arrangement, the coefficient of friction between the collar 8 and the ring 17 is several times lower than the coefficient of friction between the collar 10 and the elastic washers 16. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, in the triggering phase of the torque limiter, only the drive member 3 can continue to pivot relative to the housing 2, while the drag member 4 remains immobilized relative to the washers 16 which, by compressing, allow the assembly formed by the boot 2, the ring 17 and the driver 3, to move vertically upwards under the effect of the reaction forces exerted on the two teeth 9 and 12 and tending to spread them apart.

Il apparait donc que,lors du déclenchement,les rondelles élastiques 16 sont exclusivement soumises à ùn effort de compression et à l'exclusion de tout effort de rotation,ce qui garantit la constance de l'effort de déclenchement et celle du couple de serre exercé sur la pièce entrainée par la douille 15. It therefore appears that, upon triggering, the elastic washers 16 are exclusively subjected to a compressive force and to the exclusion of any rotational force, which guarantees the constancy of the triggering force and that of the greenhouse torque exerted on the part driven by the sleeve 15.

Il est également à noter ,qu'en raison de sa structure,ce limiteur de couple est peu onéreux et très facile à monter et a un encombrement très réduit permettant de l'utiliser pour serrer tout organe,même lorsque l'espace disponible est réduit.  It should also be noted that, due to its structure, this torque limiter is inexpensive and very easy to mount and has a very small footprint allowing it to be used to tighten any member, even when the space available is reduced .

Claims (1)

-REVENDICATION -CLAIM Limiteur de couple de serrage,du type composé d'un boîtier (2) dans lequel,d'une part,des rondelles-ressorts (16) plaquent contre une collerette (8) solidaire d'un carré-femelle (5) d'entrainement,une autre collerette (10), solidaire d'un carré-màle entraineur (14) et,d'autre part, la liaison en rotation des collerettes (9-12)aptes à se désengager lorsque le couple de serrage est atteint,ca- ractérisé en ce que la collerette (10),solidaire du carrémâle d'entrainementsprend directement appui sur les rondelles-ressorts (16),en appui par ailleurs sur un retour intérieur (2a) ménagé à l'une des extrémités du boîtier tubulaire (2),tandis que l'autre collerette (8) s'appuie, avec interposition de billes (19),donc avec un coefficient de frottement inférieur à celui de l'autre collerette sur les rondelles(16),sur une bague (?7),vissée dans l'autre extrémité du boîtier (2).  Tightening torque limiter, of the type consisting of a housing (2) in which, on the one hand, spring washers (16) press against a flange (8) integral with a square-female (5) of drive, another flange (10), integral with a square square drive (14) and, on the other hand, the rotational connection of the flanges (9-12) capable of disengaging when the tightening torque is reached, characterized in that the flange (10), integral with the drive body directly bears on the spring washers (16), also bears on an internal return (2a) formed at one end of the tubular housing (2), while the other flange (8) is supported, with the interposition of balls (19), therefore with a coefficient of friction lower than that of the other flange on the washers (16), on a ring ( ? 7), screwed into the other end of the housing (2).
FR8205136A 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Torque limiter for torque wrench - uses springs to apply flanged input and output axles to one another and ball bearings to support input axle Pending FR2523499A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8205136A FR2523499A1 (en) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Torque limiter for torque wrench - uses springs to apply flanged input and output axles to one another and ball bearings to support input axle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8205136A FR2523499A1 (en) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Torque limiter for torque wrench - uses springs to apply flanged input and output axles to one another and ball bearings to support input axle

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2583835A1 (en) * 1985-06-19 1986-12-26 Peugeot TORQUE LIMITER THREADED BUTTON
FR2758287A1 (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-07-17 Jean Vautrin Clamping socket with torque limiter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2576069A (en) * 1947-12-04 1951-11-20 Hoag Wilton Folsom Torque-limiting wrench
FR1324977A (en) * 1962-03-13 1963-04-26 Outiperret Torque limiter
US3942337A (en) * 1974-09-16 1976-03-09 Industrial Analytics Inc. Torque limiting device
US4262501A (en) * 1977-04-14 1981-04-21 Vsi Corporation Torque control installation and removal tool

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2576069A (en) * 1947-12-04 1951-11-20 Hoag Wilton Folsom Torque-limiting wrench
FR1324977A (en) * 1962-03-13 1963-04-26 Outiperret Torque limiter
US3942337A (en) * 1974-09-16 1976-03-09 Industrial Analytics Inc. Torque limiting device
US4062203A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-12-13 Industrial Analytics Inc. Torque limiting device
US4262501A (en) * 1977-04-14 1981-04-21 Vsi Corporation Torque control installation and removal tool

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2583835A1 (en) * 1985-06-19 1986-12-26 Peugeot TORQUE LIMITER THREADED BUTTON
EP0207833A1 (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-01-07 Automobiles Peugeot Threaded stud comprising a torque-limiting means
FR2758287A1 (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-07-17 Jean Vautrin Clamping socket with torque limiter

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