FR2514112A1 - REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH POINTS OF USE AT DIFFERENT EVAPORATION TEMPERATURES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Refrigeration plant with points of use at different evaporation temperatures (-38 degrees C, -10 degrees C, -6 degrees C, -1 degrees C) comprising a plurality of refrigerating centrals or stages each having a plurality of motor-driven compressors and its own points of use at a single evaporation temperature, characterized in that it comprises a motor-driven compressor (20, 44) forming a refrigerating stage of the plant and interconnected with the other refrigerating centrals or stages thereof by means of conduits provided with valves, this motor-driven compressor being usually separated from the refrigerating circuits of these refrigerating stages to provide refrigeration to its own points of use (29, 60) and occasionally separated from its own points of use (29, 60) and connected to one of these refrigerating circuits whereof one of the motor-driven compressors has failed to be used as an auxiliary motor-driven compressor.

Description

PHA / POE

  REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH POINTS OF USE

  AT DIFFERENT EVAPORATION TEMPERATURES

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration installation

  points of use at different evaporation temperatures.

  In a refrigeration installation where several points of use

  sation at different evaporation temperatures are requested, cold production units for these different evaporation temperatures called refrigeration or refrigeration plants are often grouped together. According to the known technique, these refrigeration plants each give only one temperature d As a result, to supply such an installation, the known solution consists in choosing refrigeration plants whose temperatures

  evaporation temperatures correspond to the required evaporation temperatures

  and mounting them side by side in the same room The power plants

  refrigerators, produced according to the known technique include each

  usually several motor compressors of equal power,

  mounted in parallel, one of which serves as an emergency motor compressor.

  Practically in a refrigeration installation produced according to the known solution, there are as many emergency motor compressors

  than refrigeration plants combined These numerous moto-

  emergency compressors help make the installation expensive.

  The aim of the present invention is to avoid this drawback,

  allows not only an eco-friendly refrigeration installation

  nomic o several points of use at evapo-

  different ration are requested, but also an installation

  with a better capacity than that of an installation

  known, since the number of points of use at different evaporation temperatures is greater than that of the central or combined refrigeration stages, while retaining good operational safety by using a normal operating motor-compressor that can work in motor compressor

rescue.

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  According to the invention a refrigeration installation with points of use

  sation at different evaporation temperatures, comprising more

  central refrigeration units or storeys - each having its own points of use at a single evaporating temperature includes a motor-compressor which, usually operating to provide cooling to its own points of use, accidentally acts as an emergency motor-compressor for the one of the other compressor units in the installation. To better understand the invention, a description is given below of

  number of exemplary embodiments illustrated by the drawings below

attached including:

  FIG. 1 schematically represents a fri installation.

  gorific at points of use at two different evaporation temperatures, produced according to a known solution, FIG. 2 schematically represents a first example of embodiment according to the invention of a refrigeration installation at points of use at different evaporation temperatures and FIG. 3 schematically represents a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention of a point-based refrigeration installation

  for use at different evaporation temperatures.

  A refrigeration installation 1 at points of use at two different evaporation temperatures, for example -380 C and -100 C, produced according to a known solution illustrated schematically and partially in FIG. 1, comprises in the same room side-by-side a refrigeration unit of known type 2 with a single evaporating temperature -38 OC having four motor compressors 3, 4, 5, 6 of which one 6 is a standby motor compressor, and a refrigeration unit of known type 7 with a single temperature of -IOC evaporation having four motor compressors 8, 9, 10, Il of which one It is

  an emergency motor compressor These two units 2 and 7 operate

  independently of each other to supply cold to their

  own points of use P 2 and P 7.

  When one of the compressors of one of these refrigeration units 2 and 7 is out of order, the backup compressor

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  this power plant then enters into operation.

  fique 1 therefore includes, for two central units 2 and 7 two standby motor compressors 6 and 11 which do not normally operate the other motor compressors of these two central units These standby motor compressors 6 and 11 are indeed important elements in the calculation of the cost price of

  this known refrigeration installation 1.

  On the other hand, a refrigeration installation with points of use at different evaporation temperatures produced according to the invention comprises a motor-compressor which usually operates to supply cold at its own points of use at an evaporation temperature between -100 ° C and + 50 C accidentally serves as an emergency motor compressor for other motor compressors in the installation, and for valves with manual or automatic control

  allowing either an insulation of the refrigeration circuit of this moto-

  compressor, which connects it to its own points of use, i.e.

  selective connection of this compressor with the refrigerant circuit

  side of one of these component refrigeration plants or stages

  of the installation, one of whose motor-compressors breaks down.

  According to a first embodiment of the invention, sché-

  matically and partially illustrated in FIG. 2, an installation

  refrigeration unit 12 at points of use at different temperatures

  of evaporation comprises side by side on the one hand two cen-

  refrigeration units each operating independently, namely a single temperature refrigeration unit 13

  evaporator -380 C having two working motor compressors-

  normally normal 14, 15, a refrigeration unit 16 at temperature

  single evaporator -10 'C with three functional motor compressors

  normal operation 17, 18, 19, and on the other hand a motor-compressor 20 usually operating to supply cold - at its own points of use at an evaporation temperature of -11 C and accidentally serving as an emergency motor-compressor in the event of failure of one of the compressors of the two refrigeration plants

13 and 16.

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  4. The refrigeration unit 13 includes a common suction manifold 21, and a common discharge line 22 for its compressor compressors 14 and 15 In the refrigeration unit 16 the

  common suction manifold and common discharge line

  The compressors of the motor-compressors 17, 18, 19 are indicated respectively at 23 and 24 The suction line 40 of the motor-compressor 20 which accidentally serves as an emergency motor-compressor, is connected on one side to the suction manifold 21 of the central 13 and on the other side to the suction manifold 23 of the central 16 respectively through valves 25 and 26 while the discharge line of this motor compressor 20 is connected on the one hand to the common discharge line 22 of the central unit 13 and on the other hand to the common delivery line 24 of the central unit 16 respectively through valves 27 and 28 The suction line 40 of the compressor 20 is further connected to the points of use 29 at temperature evaporation -10 C, at

through a valve 30.

  In the central 13, the refrigerant gas discharged by the moto-

  compressors passes through an oil separator 31, condenses in a con-

  densifier with two circuits 32 common to the two power stations and passes in the form of liquid in a tank 33 which supplies liquid refrigerant to the points of use 34 at evaporation temperature -380 C, and the expanded gas coming from these points of use 34 and incoming

  into the suction manifold 21 is sucked up by these moto-

  compressors, the valves 25 and 27 separating the motor compressor 20

  of the central 13 then being closed.

  In the central 16, the refrigerant gas discharged by the moto-

  compressors passes through an oil separator 35, condenses in the conden-

  common gas 32 and passes in the form of liquid into a reservoir 36 which supplies liquid refrigerant to the points of use 37 at evaporation temperature -100 C, and the expanded gas coming from these points of use 37, entering the collector 23 is sucked by these motor compressors, the valves 26 and 28 separating the

  motor compressor 20 of control unit 16 then being closed.

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  Liquid refrigerant tanks 33 and 36 of power plants 13

  and 16 are connected to the points of use 29 at evaporation temperature

  ration -1 l C of the compressor 20, respectively through

valves 38 and 39.

  During the usual operation of the compressor 20, the valves 25, 26, 27 and 38 being closed and the valves 28, 30 and 39 being open, the refrigerant gas discharged by the compressor compressor passes through the valve 28, the discharge pipe 24 and the oil separator 35 of the central unit 16, condenses in the condenser 32 and passes in the form of liquid in the reservoir 36 which supplies a

  liquid refrigerant the points of use 29 at evaporation temperature

  ration -10 C, and the expanded gas coming from this point of use 29, entering the suction line 40 through the valve 30, is

sucked in by this compressor 20.

  During accidental operation as a back-up motor compressor of the control units 13 and 16, the points of use 29 are not supplied with liquid refrigerant and the valves 30, 38 and 39 are closed In the event of a failure of one of the motor compressors of the central unit 13 , the valves 25, 27 are open and the valves 26, 28 are closed The expanded gas coming from the points of use 34 is then also sucked by the motor-compressor 20 through the valve 25 and the gas discharged by this motor-compressor 20 passes through the valve 27 in the common discharge line 22 of the central unit 13 to condense in the condenser 32 then accumulate in the tank 33 which supplies liquid refrigerant to the points of use 34 at evaporation temperature -381 C. In the event of a failure of one of the compressor units of the central unit 16, the valves 26, 28 are open and the valves 25, 27 are closed The expanded gas coming from the points of use 37 is then also sucked in by the compressor 20 through the valve 26, and the gas discharged by this motor-compressor 20 passes through the valve 28 in the common discharge pipe 24 to condense in the condenser 32 and then accumulate in the reservoir 36 which supplies

  in liquid refrigerant at points of use 37.

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  The points of use 29 most often relate to air conditioning of the premises and a temporary halt in the production of cold at these points 29 during the breakdown service of the motor-compressor

  damaged does not cause much inconvenience.

  In short, compared to the known refrigeration installations, the refrigeration installation 12 produced according to the invention, not requiring for its operating safety as a compressor

  back-up, only one usual compressor 20

  Lement to provide cold at its own points of use 29 for an evaporation temperature between -100 C and + 51 C, is therefore not only more economical but also has better capacity in the form of a number of points of use at different evaporation temperatures, three in this example, greater than the number of plants making up the installation, two

in this example.

  According to a second embodiment of the invention, diagrammatically and partially illustrated in FIG. 3, a refrigeration installation 41 with points of use at different evaporation temperatures comprises on the one hand two refrigeration plants or stages, namely a stage low pressure 42 for an evaporation temperature of -381 C and a high pressure stage 43 for an evaporation temperature of -10 OC mounted according to a

  compound technique with introduction of cooled refrigerant gas

  lé of stage 42, in a suction collector of stage 43, and on the other hand a motor-compressor 44 usually operating at an evaporation temperature of -1 j C and accidentally serving as an emergency motor-compressor in the event of failure of one of

  motor compressors of these stages 42 and 43.

  The low-pressure stage 42 comprises two normal-functioning motor-compressors 45 and 46 which suck through a common suction manifold 47 refrigerant gas coming from its points of use 48 at evaporation temperature -380 C and discharge through a common discharge line 49 and an oil separator

  in a common suction manifold 51 of the three motorcycles

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  normal operating compressors 52, 53, 54 of the upper stage

  pressure 43 These latter compressors draw in refrigerated gas.

  managing from both the points of use 55 at evaporation temperature -10 C from stage 43 and the discharge pipe 49 from low-pressure stage 42 into their common suction manifold 51, and discharge refrigerant gas compressed through a common discharge line 56 and an oil separator 57 in

  a condenser 58 The condensed liquid refrigerant leaves the condensate

  58 and enters their reservoir 59 which supplies liquid refrigerant both the points of use 48 and 55 of stages 42 and 43 and the points of use 60 at evaporation temperature -1 C,

  specific to compressor 44, through a valve 68.

  The suction line 61 of the motor compressor 44 is connected to

  through valves 62, 63, 64 respectively to the vacuum collectors

  ration 47, 51 of floors 42, 43 and at the points of use 60 of this

  motor-compressor The discharge line 65 of the motor-

  compressor 44 is connected, through valves 66 and 67, respectively

  vement to the common discharge pipes 49 and 56 of the floors

42 and 43.

  During the normal operation of the compressor 44, the valves 62, 63 and 66 being closed and the valves 64, 67, 68 being open, the refrigerant gas discharged by the compressor 44 passes through the valve 67, the discharge pipe 56 of the stage 43, the oil separator 57, condenses in the condenser 58 and passes in the form of liquid in the tank 59 which supplies liquid points of use 60 at evaporation temperature -1 'C through the valve 68, and the expanded gas from these points of use 60 and entering the suction line 61 through the valve 64, is

sucked by the compressor 44.

  During an accidental operation as an emergency motor-compressor of stages 42 and 43, the points of use 60 are not supplied with liquid refrigerant, and the valves 64 and 68 are closed. 254 e 1 12 -8 In the event of a failure of one of the stage 42 motor-compressors, the

  valves 62 and 66 are open and valves 63 and 67 are closed.

  The expanded gas coming from the points of use 48 is then also discharged by the motor compressor 44 through the valve 66 and the oil separator 50, and enters the common suction manifold 51 of stage 43 to then follow the normal path described in one

previous paragraph.

  In the event of a failure of one of the stage 43 motor-compressors, the

  valves 62 and 66 are closed and valves 63 and 67 are open.

  The expanded gas coming from the points of use 55 is then also sucked in by the motor-compressor 44 through the valve 63, and the gas discharged by this motor-compressor 44 passes through the valve 67 and enters the common delivery line 56 of the stage 43 to then follow the normal path described in a paragraph

previous.

  It follows that, with respect to known refrigeration installations, the installation 41 produced according to the invention requires, for its operational safety, as back-up motor-compressors only one motor-compressor 44 for its two stages 42 and 43 In

  besides this compressor 44 usually works for

  nir from the cold at its own points of use 60 at an evaporation temperature between -100 C and + 51 C. According to a third embodiment of the invention, not

  shown, a refrigeration system with several points of use

  sation at different evaporation temperatures additionally includes

  two stages low pressure and high pressure and a moto-

  compressor usually operating to provide cold to its

  own evaporation points and accidentally as moto-

  emergency compressor, similar to those of the second embodiment example above, other refrigeration stages for example a high pressure stage for an evaporation temperature -60 C. Such a refrigeration installation like that of the example above above

  also comprising a single motor-compressor as motor-

  emergency compressor for motor compressors of all

  component stages, is advantageously very economical.

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Claims (4)

  1 Refrigeration installation at points of use at different temperatures of evaporation (-38 C, -10 C, -6 C, -1 C) characterized   in that it comprises a motor-compressor (20, 44) which, function-   usually used to supply cold at its own points of use (29, 60) accidentally serves as a   rescue one of the other compressor units in the installation.   2 Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that   which it understands as a standby compressor, a motor-   compressor (20, 44) usually operating to provide cold at its own points of use (29, 60) for a temperature   evaporation located between -10 C and + 5 C.   3 Installation according to one of claims 1 and 2, character-   risée in that it comprises valves (25, 26 62, 63) allowing either an isolation of the refrigerating circuit of the motor-compressor (20, 44) accidentally serving as emergency motor-compressor, which connects it to its own points of use (29 , 60), or a selective connection of this motor-compressor (20, 44) with the refrigeration circuit of one of the refrigeration units or stages of the installation (13, 16, 42, 43) from which one of the motor-compressors falls Out of order.   4 Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises in the refrigeration circuit of the motor-compressor (20, 44) serving as emergency motor-compressor, connections   provided with valves (25, 26 62, 63) respectively connecting the con-   suction line (40, 61) of this motor-compressor to each of the   common suction collectors for central   trales or refrigerating stages components (13, 16, 42, 43) of the installation, and the discharge pipe of this motor-compressor   to each of the common motor discharge pipes   compressors of the refrigeration plants or stages of the installation.   Installation according to one of claims 3 and 4, charac-   terized in that it comprises in the refrigeration circuit of the motor-compressor (20, 44) serving as emergency motor-compressor valves (30, 38, 39, 64, 68) which isolate the motor-compressor from its own points of use (29, 60).