FR2506178A1 - Accelerated anaerobic fermentation for prodn. of methane - in vessel employing pumped recirculation vortex motion to prevent surface crust formation - Google Patents

Accelerated anaerobic fermentation for prodn. of methane - in vessel employing pumped recirculation vortex motion to prevent surface crust formation Download PDF

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FR2506178A1
FR2506178A1 FR8110200A FR8110200A FR2506178A1 FR 2506178 A1 FR2506178 A1 FR 2506178A1 FR 8110200 A FR8110200 A FR 8110200A FR 8110200 A FR8110200 A FR 8110200A FR 2506178 A1 FR2506178 A1 FR 2506178A1
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digester
vessel
suction
base
vortex
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/18Flow directing inserts
    • C12M27/20Baffles; Ribs; Ribbons; Auger vanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/18Flow directing inserts
    • C12M27/24Draft tube
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Within the vessel a central, vertical pipe has a top inlet just below the surface of fluid. The pipe is connected to the suction of a pump so that a Vortex is created around the top inlet. The inlet comprises a ring of adjustable entry vanes to assist Vortex motion. The pump returns fluid into the base of the vessel via injection holes and deflector blades which increase the Vortex effect. A supply pump feeds fresh waste into the base of the vessel also via injection holes and deflector blades which enhance Vortex motion. The vessel is pref. jacketed with heating coils covered with thermal insulation. The vessel serves as a digester in which an anaerobic fermentation process produces methane from a fluid, organic waste, e.g. liq. manure, with a high content of solids, e.g. 13 per cent.

Description

PROCEDE D'ACCELERATION DE FERMENTATION ANAEROBIE EN CONTINU EVITANT
TOUTE FORMATION DE CROUTE
L'invention actuelle concerne un procédé de brassage des matières contenues dans un digesteur anaérobie afin de réduire le délai de rétention et d'eviter toute formation de croûte résultant de la fermentation.
METHOD OF ACCELERATING ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION IN CONTINUOUS AVOIDING
ANY TRAINING OF CRUTE
The present invention relates to a method of stirring materials contained in an anaerobic digester to reduce the retention time and avoid any crust formation resulting from fermentation.

Le brassage des matieres contenues dans les digesteurs n'a été effectué jusqu'ici qu'aux fins d'éviter ou de réduire toute formation de croûte,
En effet, dans toute fermentation én continu, il est nécessaire de travailler avec de forts pourcentages d'humidité, 88, 90, 94 %. Le faible pourcentage de matieres sèches contenu par ces fluides a tendance à venir s agglomérer en suface sous l'effet de la flottaison et forme à ce moment là une croûte très compacte pouvant atteindre plusieurs mètres de hauteur.
The mixing of the materials contained in the digesters has been carried out so far only to prevent or reduce any formation of crust,
Indeed, in any continuous fermentation, it is necessary to work with high percentages of moisture, 88, 90, 94%. The low percentage of dry matter contained by these fluids tends to agglomerate in suface under the effect of flotation and at that time forms a very compact crust that can reach several meters in height.

Cette croûte représente donc un des inconvénients essentiel de tout procédé de fermentation anaérobie en continu, Diverses techniques sont actuellement utilisées afin d'eviter cette formation de croûte.This crust therefore represents one of the essential drawbacks of any continuous anaerobic fermentation process. Various techniques are currently used in order to avoid this crust formation.

La station d'Achères utilise notamment l'insufflation du gaz produit parla fermentation, sous pression, à la base du digesteur. Les bulles de gaz remontant viennent alors assurer le brassage de la matiere tout en venant crever la surface, empêchant ainsi la formation de croûte. I7 est à noter que les boues résiduaires de la station d'Achères excèdent rarement 6 t de matières sèches;
D'autres utilisateurs, à une échelle nettement moins importante, utilisent soit le brassage par vis sans fin avec prise de la matiere au fond du digesteur et arrosage en surface ; soit, toujours à une échelle moins importante, en utilisant des bras de brassage en surface, assurant par rotation la non formation de croûte ou bien un brassage par aspiration et refoulement.
The Achères station uses, in particular, the insufflation of the gas produced by the fermentation, under pressure, at the base of the digester. The upstream gas bubbles then ensure the mixing of the material while coming to burst the surface, thus preventing the formation of crust. It should be noted that the waste sludge at the Achères station rarely exceeds 6% of dry matter;
Other users, on a much smaller scale, use either auger stirring with material intake at the bottom of the digester and surface watering; or, still on a smaller scale, by using surface brewing arms, rotating non-crust formation or suction and discharge mixing.

Une autre technique consiste à brasser l'ensemble de la matière dans des digesteurs de forme longitudinale, I1 résulte de toutes ces techniques, une non formation de croûte, et lton peut se rendre compte que lorsqu'il s'agit de digesteurs tres importants de type 2 000 à 6 000 m3, il est impossible de pouvoir utiliser un brassage mécanique. En effet la dimension des cuves interdit d'elle même ce genre de procédé qu'il soit par bras ou par vis sans fin,
Les efforts demandes à la mécanique ne seraient pas supportables.
Another technique consists in stirring all the material in longitudinal digesters. As a result of all these techniques, non-crust formation can occur and it can be seen that in the case of very important digesters of type 2 000 to 6000 m3, it is impossible to use a mechanical stirring. Indeed the size of the tanks prohibits itself this kind of process whether by arm or endless screw,
The demands on the mechanics would not be bearable.

Si l'on désire exploiter les déchets agro-alimentaires à une grande échelle, on s'aperçoit rapidement qu'il est indispensable de travailler avec de gros digesteurs, compte tenu des déchets disponibles sur un tres court rayon. Pour des raisons de transport, et du fait de la qualité des résidus actuels, on est amené à augmenter très sensiblement le pourcentage des matières sèches, ce qui interdit donc l'utilisation du procédé d'insufflation de gaz, ainsi que tout brassage mécanique.If you want to exploit agro-food waste on a large scale, you quickly realize that it is essential to work with large digesters, given the waste available on a very short radius. For reasons of transport, and because of the quality of the current residues, it is necessary to increase very significantly the percentage of solids, which therefore prohibits the use of the gas blowing process, as well as any mechanical mixing.

Afin d'éviter la construction de monstrueux digesteurs il devient donc nécessaire d'accélérer le processus de fermentation. Hors les colonies de bactéries assurant la fermentation des matières vivent agglomérées autour des particules de matières carbonées remontant à la surface.In order to avoid the construction of monstrous digesters, it becomes necessary to accelerate the fermentation process. Apart from the colonies of bacteria that ferment the material live agglomerated around particles of carbonaceous material rising to the surface.

L'invention actuelle vise donc 10 - à accélérer le processus de fermentation par reprise en suface des matieres sèches et des bactéries agglomérées autour de ces dernières, et leur réinjection à la base du digesteur, ce qui aura pour effet de réactiver ces bactéries et de permettre une meilleure fermentation de la matière, donc de réduire le delai de rétention, 2* Le fait d'aspirer la matière à un niveau inférieur au niveau de la matière contenue dans le digesteur créera un effet Vortex qui sera amplifié par la rotation de la masse en digestion ; cette rotation étant elle-mème obtenue par réinjection de la matière à la base du digesteur parallèlement aux parois avec un effet de lames ; l'ensemble de l'aspiration et de la réinjection étant assuré par pompage (pompes à gros débit).The present invention therefore aims to accelerate the fermentation process by resuming dry matter and agglomerated bacteria around the latter, and their reinjection at the base of the digester, which will have the effect of reactivating these bacteria and to allow a better fermentation of the material, thus to reduce the retention time, 2 * To suck the material to a level lower than the level of the matter contained in the digester will create a Vortex effect which will be amplified by the rotation of the mass in digestion; this rotation being itself obtained by reinjection of the material at the base of the digester parallel to the walls with a blade effect; all suction and reinjection being provided by pumping (pumps with large flow).

L'ensemble de ce procédé permet de plus une bonne homogénéisation de la matière évitant toute stratification.The whole of this process also allows a good homogenization of the material avoiding any stratification.

I1 est à noter que notre procédé évite toute installation mécanique à l'intérieur des digesteurs, ce qui evite d'interrompre la fermentation afin de pallier une panne des installations mécaniques En effet, toutes nos installations d'aspiration et de refoulement sont obtenues par des installations extérieures aux digesteurs,
BRASSAGE DES METIERES CONTENUES DANS UN DIGESTEUR ANAEROBIE
L'invention concerne un procéde de brassage des matières contenues dans un digesteur anaérobie en continu avec un fort pourcentage de matières sèches (13 %) afin d'accélérer le processus de fermentation et d'éviter toute formation de croûte.
It should be noted that our process avoids any mechanical installation inside the digesters, which avoids interrupting the fermentation in order to compensate for a breakdown of the mechanical installations. Indeed, all our suction and discharge installations are obtained by facilities outside the digesters,
BREWING OF THE MATERIALS CONTAINED IN ANAEROBIC DIGESTER
The invention relates to a process for stirring materials contained in a continuous anaerobic digester with a high percentage of solids (13%) in order to accelerate the fermentation process and to avoid any crust formation.

Elle comprend :
1 - Sortie de gaz
2 - Ligne de réchauffage (eau ou vapeur), alimentation
3 < Electrovanne anti-refoulement
4 - Pompe volumétrique - Alimentation
5 w E-lectrovanne anti-refoulement
6,- Ligne de décharge du réchauffage (eau ou vapeurs, sortfe
7 - Electrovannes
8 - Pompe de circulation
9 - Pompe volumétrique - Evacuation 10 - Cane de réglage d'aspiration 11 - Toupie a ailettes réglables pour aspiration 12 - MAGMA (produit en digestion) 13 - Anneaux d'extraction du sas 14 - GAZ 15 - Ouies du déjecteur a lames (circulation) 16 - Déjecteur a-lames (alimentation) 17 - Isolation thermique 18 - Isolation thermique des conduites exterieures de circulation mati 19 - Isolation thermique des circuits de rechauffage.
She understands :
1 - Gas outlet
2 - Reheat line (water or steam), power supply
3 <Anti-backflow solenoid valve
4 - Volumetric pump - Power supply
5 w E-solenoid valve against backflow
6, - Heater discharge line (water or vapors,
7 - Solenoid valves
8 - Circulation pump
9 - Volumetric pump - Evacuation 10 - Suction adjustment shank 11 - Adjustable vane rotor for suction 12 - MAGMA (digestion product) 13 - Airlock extraction rings 14 - GAS 15 - Bladder depressors (circulation) ) 16 - A-slats (supply) 17 - Thermal insulation 18 - Thermal insulation of external circulation pipes MAT 19 - Thermal insulation of the heating circuits.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS Brassage des matières contenues dans un digesteur anaérobie en continu et présentant un fort pourcentage de matières sèches, caractérisé par l'aspiration en dessous du niveau naturel du fluide, afin de créer un effet Vortex ; le tout effectué par aspiration centrale au moyen d'une toupie à ailettes réglables dans le sens de l'aspiration de façon àCLAIMS Brewing of materials contained in an anaerobic digester continuously and having a high percentage of dry matter, characterized by suction below the natural level of the fluid, to create a Vortex effect; all done by central aspiration by means of a rotor with blades adjustable in the direction of the suction so as to 10 Annuler tout encrage à l'intérieur de la cuve qui pourrait contrarier le brassage obtenu et éventuellement être arraché par la matière en mouvement. 10 Cancel any inking inside the tank which could thwart the obtained brewing and possibly be torn off by the moving material. 20 Annuler toute formation de croûte à l'intérieur du digesteur par l'aspiration avec effet Vortex obtenu. 20 Cancel any crust formation inside the digester by suction with Vortex effect obtained. 30 Réinjecter la matière sous pression à la base du digesteur par un dejecteur à lames parallèle à la paroi afin de donner un mouvement circulaire à la matière accentuant ainsi i'effet Vortex de la revendication 2. Les ouies du éjecteur étant réglables en direction et leur ouverture étant fonction de leur positionnement. Reinforcing the pressurized material at the base of the digester with a blade dejector parallel to the wall to give circular motion to the material thereby accentuating the Vortex effect of claim 2. The ejector louvers being adjustable in direction and their opening being a function of their positioning. 40 Accélérer le processusde fermentation par l'aspiration des micro-organismes qui ont tendance à s'agglomérer en surface et leur réinjection a la base du digesteur permettant d'activer leur effiça- cite, et, dans tous les cas, de prolonger leur réaction  40 Accelerate the fermentation process by sucking micro-organisms that tend to agglomerate on the surface and reinjecting them at the base of the digester to activate their effiçcite, and, in any case, to prolong their reaction. 5 Elimination de tout processus mécanique à l'intérieur du digesteur, ce qui évite tout arrêt de la fermentation consécutif a une ouverture du digesteur afin de pallier une panne mécanique sur tout engin mécanique existant dans d'autres procéder.  Elimination of any mechanical process inside the digester, which avoids any stop of the fermentation following an opening of the digester to overcome a mechanical failure on any mechanical machine existing in other proceed. 60 L'ensemble du procédé permet une homogénéisation idéale de l'ensemble de la matiere par le brassage effectué,  The entire process allows an ideal homogenization of all the material by the brewing performed,
FR8110200A 1981-05-22 1981-05-22 Accelerated anaerobic fermentation for prodn. of methane - in vessel employing pumped recirculation vortex motion to prevent surface crust formation Pending FR2506178A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577940A2 (en) * 1982-07-22 1986-08-29 Union Ind Entreprise Process and installation for degrading, in anaerobic medium, organic products, by-products and wastes of human, animal and/or plant origin
EP0192900A1 (en) * 1983-11-30 1986-09-03 Valorga Process Sa Process and installation for realizing the degradation in an anaerobic medium of organic products, by-products and wastes of human, animal and/or vegetal origin
WO1986005200A1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-12 Union Industrielle Et D'entreprise Method and plant for the degradation in an anaerobic medium of organic products, by-products and waste of human, animal and/or vegetal origin

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR648151A (en) * 1927-03-12 1928-12-06 Waldhof Zellstoff Fab Method and device for obtaining yeasts
CH277324A (en) * 1949-06-21 1951-08-31 Schmidt Ferdinand Method and device for the destruction of floating sludge layers in septic tanks.
US2772233A (en) * 1954-07-26 1956-11-27 Dorr Oliver Inc Anaerobic digestion tanks with digesting mechanism
US3078999A (en) * 1959-06-18 1963-02-26 Earl M Kelly Sludge digester

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR648151A (en) * 1927-03-12 1928-12-06 Waldhof Zellstoff Fab Method and device for obtaining yeasts
CH277324A (en) * 1949-06-21 1951-08-31 Schmidt Ferdinand Method and device for the destruction of floating sludge layers in septic tanks.
US2772233A (en) * 1954-07-26 1956-11-27 Dorr Oliver Inc Anaerobic digestion tanks with digesting mechanism
US3078999A (en) * 1959-06-18 1963-02-26 Earl M Kelly Sludge digester

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577940A2 (en) * 1982-07-22 1986-08-29 Union Ind Entreprise Process and installation for degrading, in anaerobic medium, organic products, by-products and wastes of human, animal and/or plant origin
EP0192900A1 (en) * 1983-11-30 1986-09-03 Valorga Process Sa Process and installation for realizing the degradation in an anaerobic medium of organic products, by-products and wastes of human, animal and/or vegetal origin
WO1986005200A1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-12 Union Industrielle Et D'entreprise Method and plant for the degradation in an anaerobic medium of organic products, by-products and waste of human, animal and/or vegetal origin

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