FR2494676A1 - MOBILE CRANE FOR OPERATING IN COLD REGIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

MOBILE CRANE POWERED BY ONE OR MORE DIESEL ENGINES AND INTENDED TO OPERATE AT AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE THAT CAN DROP BELOW -30C. EACH DIESEL ENGINE 2 IS EQUIPPED WITH A HOT AIR HEATING DEVICE INCLUDING A CENTRIFUGAL FAN 21 AND A TUBE 16 CONTAINING HEATING RESISTORS 17, 18. THE ASSEMBLY IS FASTENED TO THE ENGINE AND CAN BE CONNECTED BY PIPES HOSES 22, 27 HAS AN INPUT SOCKET 23 AND AN OUTPUT SOCKET 28 OF THE DIESEL ENGINE.

Description

The present invention relates to a mobile crane driven by one or

  several diesel engines and intended to operate in regions where the ambient temperature may fall below -300C,

  to reach temperatures of the order of -400C to -500C for example.

  It is known that starting diesel engines at a temperature of

  ambient temperature below -300C requires preheating

  the entire engine and the components necessary for starting it,

  that is, the storage batteries and the diesel tank.

  It is currently known to start diesel engines at such temperatures when they are stationary, For this, we

  generally uses a resistance heating device

  with regard to the batteries and the fuel tank, and, as regards the diesel engine, a reheating device consisting of a hot air generator operating on diesel fuel and blowing hot air into a sealed insulated enclosure and dismountable surrounding the

diesel motor.

  The use of an insulated enclosure is however not possible on a rolling stock, such as a mobile crane, for obvious reasons of size and accessibility. Moreover, the most powerful diesel air heaters known to date have a much larger footprint for the space available on a mobile crane and also require regular maintenance and delicate, so expensive. In addition, their design is such that they do not allow a recirculation of hot air, so that their use causes a heating time of the diesel engine well over an hour for ambient temperatures of the order of -40 C Finally, the use of two different energy sources to warm up

  the engine on the one hand and its starting devices on the other hand

  would lead to complications that could be avoided

  by the use of one and the same source of energy.

  The mobile crane of the invention can operate in cold countries thanks to a device for heating its diesel engine (or its diesel engines) allowing: - to use a single source of energy electricity, for the reheating the diesel engine and its starter accessories;

  - to use a warming apparatus with a light engine and little

  brant, able to stay permanently on the engine; to increase the efficiency of the heating assembly so as to

  get a start-up time of the order of a half hour for a time

ambient temperature of -40 C.

  The mobile crane of the invention is of the type comprising at least one diesel engine whose tank -t batteries are provided

  a resistance heating device. electric, and is

  characterized in that said diesel engine is joined by a closed-loop reheat device having a hot-air cooler a

  electric heaters and centrifugal electric fan.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, said gen-

  a hot air generator comprises an air inlet connected to an outlet of said diesel engine on the one hand and to the centrifugal fan inlet inlet on the other hand, and a tubular housing containing electrical resistors, and whose air inlet

  upstream is connected to the discharge outlet of the central fan.

  trifuge, while its air outlet was connected to a socket

input of said diesel engine.

  The invention will be understood by means of the description

  following example of an application to a mobile crane mauter.n-

  equipped with a first diesel engine for driving the carrier and a second diesel engine for driving the crane's own movements, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

  - Figure 1 is a schematic overview of the crane of the invention

tion;

  FIGS. 2 and 3 schematically represent the device for

  heating equipment each diesel engine of the crane of the invention, the

  FIG. 2 being a cross-section of the assembly according to the

  ab of Figure 3 and Figure 3 being a view in the direction f of Figure 2;

249 I676

  - Figure 4 shows schematically the detail of the inlet intake of hot air on the engine;

  FIG. 5 schematically represents the detail of the acquisition of

  air flow of the engine; FIG. 6 is a rear view of the terminal board associated with the

  resistors fitted to the heating device of the

gure 2.

  FIG. 1 shows a mobile crane consisting of a

  1 driven by a diesel engine 2, which is also distinguished

  diesel tank 4 and the starter batteries 3, and a few

  tie-crane 5. Conventionally, the part-crane 5 can turn around

  axis 6 and is itself driven by another diesel engine 7

  equipped with starter batteries 8 and a diesel fuel tank 9. Very commonly, batteries (3,8) and

  (4,9) are each placed in a chamber that can be heated by resistance.

  these electrical, said speakers have not been detailed in the figure. According to the invention, each diesel engine (2.7) is associated with a warming device (respectively 13 and 15) circulating hot air heated by electrical resistances, the hot air being sent inside. of each of the engines (2,7) and being recycled in the hot air generator, the latter being equipped

  a centrifugal fan (respectively 16 and 17).

  The carrier 1 is equipped with a power outlet 14 which can be supplied with electrical energy either by an external socket, such as a field service plug, or by a generator 12 mounted on the vehicle and operating, for example using a

  small gas engine. The socket 14 is associated with a conventional switch

  11 which allows, according to the chosen commutation, to supply energy

  the electrical resistors and fan

  the reheating of the engine 2 of the carrier and its accessories (3, 4), ie, by means of a rotating electrical commutator 10 of

  conventional type, to supply electrical energy to the elements of

  corresponding heating (8,9,15) of the engine 7 equipping the part-crane 5.

  Reference will now be made to FIGS. 2 to 5 which show in greater detail one of the two devices (13, for example) of FIG.

  heating of diesel engine (2 for example) equipping the crane of the in-

  vention. The heating device schematized in FIGS.

  3 is constituted by a casing 16 in the form of an elongate tube with a cross-section of

  ree (the square or rectangular section has been found to be more

  the circular section) and containing two heating resistors

  three kilowatts of electricity (17.18 each) supplied with

  by means of a terminal plate 19 which also serves

  attaching said resistors to the casing 16. The two

  resistors 17 and 18 are standard armored electrical resistors

  dart of great diffusion and are placed at right angles as figurative

on the drawing.

  The housing 16 is provided with a connected upstream inlet port 20

  at the discharge outlet of a turbine 21 constituted by a fan

  centrifugal motor driven by an electric motor 42 surrounded by a

  electrical preheating resistance not shown. It should be noted that the

  The use of a centrifugal fan is essential for the implementation of the invention, since only this type of fan allows, without A

  costly fireworks the use of an electric driving motor

  42 which is not in the jet of hot air which, cozne will be seen below, allows operation of the whole circuit

closed.

  As can be seen in the drawings, the downstream outlet port 41 of the casing is connected, by way of a flexible pipe 22, to an inlet port 23 in the engine 2, normally closed by

  a plug 24 held on the engine By a chalk 25, the

  The same is true of the suction inlet of the

  centrifugal fan 21 is connected, via the intermediary of a

  The flexible hose 271 has an outlet 28 of the outlet of the body 2, which is also normal.

  malde ferdeu by a bouchorn 29 -eten by a chain 30.

  The assembly formed by the casing 16 and the turbine 21 is

   fix on the cteu: 2 grace. In addition, the installation

  Alternatively, thermocouples-relays (32, 33) may be provided at the outlet 41 of the housing 16 and at the air outlet 28 of the engine 2, and may for example allow automatic control of the heating device, thermocouples 32 and 33 measuring the temperature of the reheat air at the inlet and the

  motor output and acting for example on electrical contactors

  such as when starting or stopping reheating.

  The inlet and outlet openings 23 and 28 are selected by the

  tilizer so as to allow a circulation of hot air in the engine. Their choice is simple to make depending on the engine used, and Figures 4 and 5 are indicative only a non-limiting example that does not in itself part of the invention. In the example of FIG. 4, the inlet 23 is taken on the pipe 34 comprising the oil filling inlet 35 and the

  exit 36 from the oil vapor to the breather.

  In the example of FIG. 5, the air outlet 28 is taken on a manhole 37 normally fitted with a shaft plug 38 closed by

a cache 39.

  FIG. 6 shows the terminal board 19 viewed according to the

  2, the diagram shown, which is very conventional, corresponds to

  spanning the parallel supply of the two resistors.

  The operation of the heating device according to FIGS.

  res 2 and 3 is the following: - the plugs 24 and 29 being removed, we connect the flexible pipe 22

  on the orifice 23 and the flexible hose 27 on the orifice 28, and it is possible to

  mente electric energy the electric motor 22 of the fan 21

  and the heating resistors 17 and 18. The air heated by the resistors

  17 and 18 follows the flexible hose 22 in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIGS. 2 and 3, and comes out after having passed through the engine 2, through the orifice 28 in the flexible hose 27 in the direction also indicated by the arrow. The flexible pipe 27 being connected directly to the axial suction port of the fan 21, the air is then taken directly by the fan, which is possible because the latter has no

  not his electric motor in the air circuit; the circuit function-

  so in closed circuit which allows the maximum efficiency and

  efficiency in air-motor heat exchanges and air-resistances.

  Shutdown and start-up can be done either by order

  manually using switch Il, for example, or by

  tomatic with regulation using thermocouple contactors 32

and 33 for example.

Claims (4)

  1. Mobile crane powered by at least one diesel engine (2.7) whose   (4.9) and the batteries (3.8) are equipped with a   heating by electric resistors, characterized in that said or   said diesel engines are (are) equipped with a reheating device   closed circuit firing (13,15) comprising a hot air generator with   resistance (s) (17,18) and centrifugal electric fan fuge (21).   2. Mobile crane according to claim 1, characterized in that said hot air generator comprises an air inlet connected to an outlet port (28) of said diesel engine on the one hand and to the inlet inlet of the centrifugal fan of other pnart, and a casing (16) tube-shaped containing electrical resistances (17,18), whose air inlet   upstream <20) is connected to the exhaust outlet of the central fan.   trifuge, and whose downstream air outlet {4]), is connected to input (23) of said diesel engine.   3. Mobile crane according to claim 22, characterized in that said   carter has a section of carrde or rectanqulaire form.   4. Mobile crane according to any one of the claims 2 cil 3, carac-   characterized in that said housing is permanently mounted on the diesel engine.