FR2494561A1 - PROCESS FOR COMBATTING ECTOPARASITES OF SHEEP BY LOCALIZED APPLICATION OF COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING PARTICULARLY PYRETHROIDS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR ELIMINATING ECTOPARASITES FROM SHEEP. LICE, MELOPHAGES, FLIES, MITES AND TICKS ARE ELIMINATED FROM SHEEP BY MAKING A VERY LOCAL APPLICATION OF A PYRETHROID ON THE SKIN OR FLEECE OF SHEEP. THIS APPLICATION IS EFFECTIVE, EVEN ON A LONG WOOL MERINO SHEEP.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for

  beat and control ectoparasites of sheep, including lemurs, lice, flies, mites and ticks. The invention is particularly applicable to the fight against the lice that bite the sheep (Damalinia ovis) and the mites.

  lophages (Melophagus ovinus), especially on merinos.

  Traditionally, sheep have been treated for

  control and control ectoparasites by immersing, or spraying, the entire outer surface of the sheep. However, this constitutes a

  an inconvenient and time-consuming operation. We have

  tried to treat infested sheep, particularly sheep infested with lice, using a variety of well-known insecticides

  that we have applied in a variety of more convenient ways,

  including spray treatments, subcutaneous injection

  cutaneous, and oral dosing. So far, none of the treatments have had a significant effect on

  the control of lice populations. In particular, the

  rinos that have a very dense wool did not respond to

such treatments.

  The present invention is based on the unexpected discovery that localized applications of pyrethroids

  surprisingly effective in the struggle and eradication

  of lice, lice, calliphoridae and

  very ectoparasites. It is particularly surprising that

  such localized application is effective even on merit

our long woolen fleece.

  Thus, the present invention provides a method for combating and controlling ectoparasites of sheep, which comprises applying to a localized region of the skin or fleece of a sheep, a pyrethroid of formula

C-O X CH-O-M

s RM in which M represents

- CO -CH CH- CH =

\ / x2 C / \

CH3 CH3

XI

- CO- CH - CH - CH - C

-I VSX2

C X3 X4

CH3 CH3

or

-CO - CH - R2

I CH

CH 3 CH, 3

  and wherein X1 to X4 are independently selected from

  a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, a

  C1-C4 alkyl having at least one halogen as a substituent, and a phenyl group substituted by halogen; X5 represents -H or a halogen atom; R1 represents -H or a cyano group; and

  R2 is a phenyl group substituted with halogen.

  "Localized application" means that the pyrethroid is applied only to a minor part of the skin or fleece of sheep, generally in the form of

  of a line or a very small surface on the backs of

  tones. Surprisingly, despite the presence of a sometimes dense coating of wool, the pyrethroid seems to act on the entire surface of the sheep. We think,

  hypothesis, that the pyrethroid is transmitted by diffusion

  sion through the fat of the wool on the whole surface

sheep.

  The pyrethroid is generally applied under

  of a liquid formulation, a paste or in the form of a

  powder of solids. Surprisingly, he was found

  it is not necessary for the pyrethroid to be dissolved

to be efficient.

  The localized application is preferably accomplished by pouring a liquid formulation, including the pyrethroid, along the back of the sheep (i.e., so-called "on the spine" application). ). Surprisingly, it is not necessary to totally immerse the sheep in

  formulation, which facilitates the implementation of the

  mulation on large numbers of sheep.

  Alternatively, the application can be carried out using a localized spray or aerosol spray, usually along the back of the sheep while

  this one goes in a pasture to, sheep. The aerosol can

  take the pyrethroid dissolved in a liquid propellant

carbon dioxide type.

  Without wishing to be bound by any theory

  the mode of action, it is thought that the pyrethroid acts

  perficially and is not absorbed dermally and

  systemic or general. It is therefore surprising that one can-

  get a localized application a protection of

the whole sheep.

  The pyrethroid is preferably selected from the group of light-stable pyrethroids. Deltamethrin (also known as decamethrin) is preferred

  and is. solid under normal conditions. Pyrethroids

  suitable are presented in Tables I to III.

4 2494561

TABLE 1

-xl

M = -CO - CH CH - CH = C

\ / sX2 / c \

CH3 CH3

  Denomination No. Xl X2 X3 X4 XS common R1! C1 C1 - - HH permethrine 2 CH 3 CH3 - - HH phenothrin 3 Br Br - - H CN deltamethrin 4 Ci Ci - - H CN cypermethrin Ci CF3 - - H CN cyhalothrin 6 Cl C1 - F CN f lumethrin 7 C1 C1 - - F CN cyfluthrin

8 CH3 CH- H ON

8-CH-3-CH 3 _ _ H CN Cyphenothrin

TABLE5U I

TABLE II

TABLE I iI

/ Xl

M = - CO-CH CH-CH-C

\ / | | X2

I x2

/ C X3 X4

CH3 CH 3

  Denomination No. Xi X2 X3 X4 X5 R1 common 9 Br Br Br Br H CN tralomethrin Ci Ci Br Br H CN tralocythrin

M = -CO-CH-R2

CH /

CH3 CH3

  Denomination No. R2 Xs R1 common il2. _ ci H CN fenvalommune 11 C1 H CN fenvalerate

  A particular advantage of the present process

  This is because it is necessary to apply only small volumes of the pyrethroid or pyrethroid-containing formula. Depending on the size of the sheep, the volume applied will generally be between 2 and 15 ml per sheep. By co.mo-

  the pyrethroid will generally be applied in formu-

liquid.

  Depending on the effectiveness of the particular pyrethroid used

  the formulation usually contains from 0.1 to 500, preferably

  1 to 250 mg of the pyrethroid per milliliter. In addition,

  the pyrethroid is preferably applied to sheep on a regular basis.

  from 1 to 500, preferably 1.5 to 250 mg per kilogram of

body weight.

  The formulation can be applied to sheep

  having their full fleece of wool or sheared. This-

  pnLdanV, higher doses are required in the case of

  tones having their full fleece of wool.

  The pyrethroide is preferably applied as a pourable formulation. The formulation may comprise one or more organic solvents, such as xylene, toluene,

cyclohexanone, and a glycol.

  A preferred solvent system comprises 30 to 70% by weight xylene, 20 to 40% by weight cyclohexanone and

  25% by weight of a vegetable oil.

  Suitable glycols include ethylene

  glycol and propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols and

  polypropylene glycols, copolymers of ethylene

  glycol and propylene glycol, and ethers or oxides of

  kyleset esters of alkyl ethers of general formula:

R1

R20 - (CH2 - CHO) - CO - R3

  wherein R1 is a C-alkyl group or a hydrogen atom

drogen,

  R is a C 1 -C 5 alkyl group, a hydrogen atom;

  3 i drogene or -CO-R; R is a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, 12 '

and n is 1 to 40.

  The mono-n-butyl ether of diethylene glycol was

  proved to be particularly useful. It has been found that he

  minimal detrimental effect on the skin in terms of the moderate loss of the epidermis found in the case

  other solvents on some sheep.

  Alternatively, the formulation may be a formulation

  aqueous solution containing the pyrethroid in the form of a suspension

  cation or emulsion and comprising surfactants suitable for

  stabilize the suspension or emulsion, and to prevent this

  it does not flow excessively from the back of the sheep. Thus, he was found

  with surprise that the pyrethroid is effective, even in the

undissolved state.

  Paraffin oils, vegetable oils, for example corn oil, peanut oil, castor oil, olive oil, may be added as

  viscosity modifiers and cosolvents.

  Alkylamides and esters of fatty acids, for example

  n-butyl oleate, N, N-dimethyloleamide and myrys-

  isopropyl acetate (MIP), are useful additives for

  lation. It has been found that the inclusion of an antioxidant

  such as 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-cresol (BHT) or 2-tert-butyl-

  4-methoxyphenol (BHA) has a useful stabilizing effect

  active ingredients in glyceride formulations

  coli, glycol ethers, glycol ether esters and

cyclohexanone.

  The present invention will now be illustrated by

  reference to comparative trials showing the lack of

  of a large number of conventional insecticides, and by reference to specific examples illustrating this

invention.

(I) Comparative tests

  - Using formnulations to be applied by asper-

  sion, the effectiveness of a number of insecticides has been

  known ticides in the fight against sheep lice. A summary listing the active agenbs and doses applied is shown in Table I.

TABLE I

  Chemical Amount Paid (mg / kg) chlorfenvinphos 100 maldison 250 carbaryl 100 dimethoate 100 dioxathion 100 ethion 100 fenitrothione 100 trichlorfon 100 famphur 50,100 100 100 crotoxyphos 100 bendiocarb 100 bromophos-ethyl 100 dichlofenthion 100 crufomate 100 naled 100 All spray pouring compositions have been formulated in a solvent system containing xylene,

  cyclohexanone and corn oil.

  18 total groups of infested merinons were selected

  lice, which were divided into a control group and in 17grou-

  treated, and that they were treated according to the

  I. No spraying composition had any effect

important on existing lice.

  (II) Application according to the present invention The effectiveness in the control of lice and melophaga of merino sheep of various pyrethroids applied in the form of liquid spray compositions has been evaluated. Trial 1. (Solvent system: xylene-cyclohexanone-corn oil) Forty-eight merino sheep were also divided into four groups of six animals, half of which carried the full woolen fleece and half carried the wool of a

  months, with significant infestations by lice.

  Formulation applications were carried out as follows.

  comprising a solvent system consisting of 55% by weight of xylene, 30% by weight of cyclohexanone and 15% by weight of corn oil: Group 1 deltamethrin 10 mg / kg formulation 10 mg / ml Group 2 deltamethrin 50 mg / kg formulation at 50 mg / ml Group 3 permethrin 1CO mg / kg formulation at 100 mg / ml Group 4 permethrin 250 mg / kg formulation at 250 rg / ml On sheep with full wool fleece, lines were drawn on along the loin to place the formulation on the skin. After the application, the various groups each comprising three fleece sheep of

  wool and three short wool sheep, were now

  kept in separate boxes, distant from each other.

  Examinations concerning lice were carried out

  after one, three and seven weeks after this

  to establish the effects of the various applications on

lice populations.

  After seven weeks, groups 1 and 2 were placed in contact with a group of 15 infestation sheep.

  carrying a considerable number of lice, to gauge the persistence

  of deltamethrin. Additional examinations were performed after nine weeks, but wet weather

prevented further examinations.

  Results Search results S pou. Before and after the application of the formulation are shown in Table II and are outlined below.

  full Infestations are quickly

  at extremely low levels and Group 1 persisted at these low levels

  deltamethrin throughout the test.

  (10 mg / kg) short A slight infestation was eliminated

  wool born at the end of the first week.

  Moderate to heavy infestations were eliminated at the end of the

seventh week.

  full After one week, we found, wool but only after a search

  push, two newly arrived lice

  in the entangled wool of an animal. We did not see lice on the other two animals. After three weeks, extensive research on each animal revealed the presence of one or two new lice. No lice was found at the end of Group 2 seventh or the ninth week, deltamethrin after a period of fourteen days

(50 mg / kg) of contact.

  We did not see any lice on any wool test after the application of the

formulation.

  The infestations were clearly

  Group 3 wool picks but have stayed at

  Goper. 3n low levels throughout the test.

  permethrin (100 mg / kg) short The infestations were reduced to extremely low wool levels, but lice were still present at the

seventh week.

  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1 1

  ______________________________________________________________-

  full Infestations were greatly

  reduced wool on two of the three

  tones, but persisted at low

  levels until the seventh week.

  Lice were eliminated on Group 4 third animal at the end of the

permethrin seventh week.

  (250 mg / kg) short Light infestations were very significantly reduced at the end of the first week and eliminated at

the third week.

  In the following tables, the numbers represent the total number of lice detected in twenty lines drawn on sheep's wool, and L = slight infestation M = moderate infestation 0 = no lice present + = presence of lice F = high infestation 1 0

TABLE II

  (The first three sheep of a group wear full wool, the three second sheep wear wool a month) Groupe Mouton Pré-a. ppli- First Third Seventh Ninth n cation week week week week Notes

B 34 F 13/20 24/20 16/20 2/20

  Group 1 B 882 F L-M L-M 2/20 * 8/20 * * Deltamethrin was found 0 800 L 0 0 0 0 strong group in (10 mg / kg) B 28 M-F 14/20 0 0 O0 the fold of the neck

Y 749 M-F 3/20 1/20 0 0

B 883 M-F 0 5/20 0 0

  G 790 F 2/20 ** 1/20 0 0 ** Found in

  Group 2 Y 840 M-F 0 2/20 0 0 Wool entangled

  deltamethrin B 44 M-F 0 0 0 0 trea (50 mg / kg) Y 830 L-M 0 0 0 0

Y 738 M 0 0 0 0

  __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________

B 50 F L L L

Y 835 F M M-F M-F

  Group 3 Y 833 F L L 19/20 permethrin B 27 M-F 20/20 9/20 24/20 (100 mg / kg) B 49 M 17/20 6/20 11/20

Y 744 L-M 7/20 3/20 4/20

  at__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

  TABLE I I (as follows) Group Sheep Pre-application First Third Seventh Ninth Roup n cation week week week week Remarks

B 887 F 12/20 7/20 3/20

B 38 L-M 7/20 0 0

  Group 4 B 42 F L-M L-M L Permethrin B 35 L 1/20 0 0

B 29 L 1/20 0 0

Y 991 L 1/20 0 0

47 L-M M-F M L L

877 F F F F F

INDICATORS 742..F F, F M-F M-F

754 L L-M L-M L L-M

37 M M L L L-M

736 L-M M L-M dead ru ol.0 fl

24945 1

Test 2.

  The results of the evaluation, on sheep

  recently shorn, of the action of deltamethrin in use

  Xylene-based and EBDG-based solvent systems are given in Tables III and IV. Results for the non-application control group are given

in table V.

  The xylene-based solvent system is the

  same as that indicated for test 1.

  The solvent system based on EBDG had the following composition:

  mono-n-butyl ether of diethylene

  glycol (EBDG) 85% by weight isopropyl myristate (MIP) 15% by weight 2,6m-ditert-butyl-4-cresol (BHT) 2.5 g / l

TABLE III

  Xylene-Based Solvent * Delta- Weight of Examinations after Examinations after Metrine Contact Group Sheep Body Application Dose (Group 1 and Group 2) (g /].) Ne (kg) (ml) _rue2 (g!].) No ( kg>) (ml) 3rd se- 6th se10th 12th 14th week week week week 8.0 Group 1 (a) 51 50 6.3 0 0 0 0 1 1 mg / kg 90 46 5.8 0 0 0 0 2 1 ml / 8 kg 106 44 5.5 0 0 0 0 0

  ______________-------- --- --- ---------------------_________________________-- a---------- -----

  4.0 Group 1 (b) 52 44 11.0 0 0 0 lamb 1 mg / kg 55 48 12.0 0 0 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 139 43 10.8 0 0 0 0 16.0 Group 2 (a) 54 50 6.3 0 0 0 0 2 2 mg / kg 112 44 5.5 0 0 0 0 1 1 ml / 8 kg 127 46 5.8 0 0 0 0 1 8.0 Group 2 (b) 53 44 11.0 0 0 slaughtered 2 mg / kg 88 48 12.0 0 0 0 1 3 1 ml / 4 kg 146 43 10.8 0 0 0 0 2, 0 Group 3 (a) 76 50 6 , 3 0 0

2.5 mg / kg 126 44 5.5 0 0.

1 ml / $ kg 134 46 5.8 0 0

* to ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

  TABLE III (cont'd) Delta-Weight of Examinations after Examinations after Metrine Contact Group Sheep Body Application Rate (group let group 2)

  (g / l.) n- (kg) (ml) 3rd seventh to seventh, se-

  left in the hand, 0 Group 3 (b) 67 44 11.0 0 0 2.5 mg / kg 75 42 10.5 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 102 48 12.0 0 0 24.0 Group 4 ( a) 113 50 6.3 0 0 3 mg / kg 131 44 5.5 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 137 46 5.8 0 0 12.0 Group 4 (b) 69 44 11, 0 0 0 3 mg / kg kg 84 42 10.5 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 143 48 12.0 0 0 32.0 Group 5 (a) 61 49 6.1 0 0 4 mg / kg 141 44 5.5 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 147 46 5.8 0 0 16.0 Group 5 (b) 71 44 11.0 0 0 4 mg / kg 110 42 10.5 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 118 47 11.8 0 0, 0 Group 6 (a) 58 45 5.6 0 0 mg / kg 68 49 6.1 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 83 43 5.4 0 0

  __________________________________________________________________________ _______-__________

  , 00 Group 6 (b) 80 44 11.0 0 0 mg / kg 124 47 11.8 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 125 42 10, 5 0 0 * The numbers appearing in the "weeks" columns are the numbers of lice seen in

twenty lines drawn in the wool.

TABLE IV

  Solvent based on EBDG * Delta- Weight of Examinations after Examinations after contact with Metrine Group Sheep Body Application Dose (Group 1 and Wheel 2) (g / l) n (kg) (mi)

  (g / l) n2 (kg>) (ml) 3rd seventh to sixth se-

  hand-to-hand 8.0 Group 1 (c) 60 45 5.6 0 0 0 1 1 1 mg / kg 73 49 6.1 0 0 0 3 0 1 ml / 8 kg 85 43 5.4 0 0 0 1 1 4.0 Group 1 (d) 78 41 10.3 <1/20 0 0 4 1 1 mg / kg 81 44 11.0 0 0 1 0 1 1 ml / 4 kg 129 47 11, 8 0 0 0 0 0

  -__ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

  16.0 Group 2 (c) 62 45 5.6 O 0 0 3 2 '2 mg / kg 74 49 6.1 0 0 0 1 1 1 ml / 8 kg 96 43 5.4 0 0 slaughtered 8 , 0 Group 2 (d) 18. 41 '10.3 0 0 0 1 0 2 mg / kg 89 44 11.0 0 0 0 1 1 1 ml / 4 kg 132 47 11.8 0 0 0 1 2, 0 Group 3 (c) 86 49 6.1 <1/20 0 2.5 mg / kg 107 45 5.6 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 114 43 5.4 0 0, Group 3 (d) 91 41 10 , 3 0 0 2.5 mg / kg 94 44 11.0 0 0 O 1 ml / 4 kg 144 47 11.8 0 0

  _- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ - - -

  TABLE IV (continued) Delta-Weight of Exaxens after Examinations after Metrine Contact Group Sheep Body Dose Application (Group 1 and Group 2)

  (g / l) nO2 (kg) (mi) 3rd seventh-sixth to seventh-

  handshares 24.0 Group 4 (c) 108 45 5.6 0 0 3 mg / kg 117 43 5.4 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 120 49 6.1 0 0 12.0 Group 4 (d) ) 56 40 10.0 0 0 3 mg / kg 57 46 11.5 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 97 44 11.0 0 0 32.0 Group 5 (c) 1'19 43 5.4 0 0 mg / kg 128 49 6.1 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 135 45 5.6 0 0 16.0 Group 5 (d) 66 40 10.0 0 0 4 mg / kg 70 46 11.5 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 98 44 11.0 0 0, 0 Group 6 (c) 133 43 5.4 0 0 mg / kg 136 49 6.1 0 0 1 ml / 8 kg 145 45 5.6 0 0, Group 6 ( d) 72 40 10.0 0 0 mg / kg 87 46 11.5 0 0 1 ml / 4 kg 101 44 11.0 0 0 * The numbers presented in the "weeks" columns are the numbers of

  lice seen in the twenty lines drawn in the wool.

L2494 951

TABLE V

  Results of non-application, shaved control group examinations *

  WITNESSES WITHOUT APPLICATION

  Sheep Weight of the Third Sixth n week week body (kg) * The numbers indicate lines drawn in the wool number. of lice seen in twenty Trial 3. (By varying the solvent systems) Table VI gives the results obtained for deltamethrin formulations in various other systems

  solvents when applying the formulations to

recently mowed merino tones.

MID.

TABLE VI

Various solvent systems

Sheep weight from before

  n body Dose plication 4th se- 6th se- 8th se- Formulations (kg) (ml) maize day _. ___. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The following is a list of the following: xylene based 26 6 30 1 0 0 test 1

  __________________________________________________________________________ _______________________

  172 17 9 47 1 0 0 10 g / l of deltamethrin 178 33 8 90 0 0 0 2.5 g / l of BHT 34 8 47 0 0 0 supplemented to 1 liter with cyclohexanone containing 50 millio nths of Sudan red IV 131 25 6 51 0 0 0 10 g / l of deltamethrin 132 29 6 34 0 0 0 2.5 g / l of BIHT 138 28 6 87 0 0 0 50 millionths of red Sudan IV EBDG / cyclohexanone (65:35 wt / weight) completed to 1 liter

  __________________________________________________________________________ _______________________

  142 32 8 73 0 0 0 10 g / l of deltamethrin 149 24 6 47 0 0 0 100 g / l of mineral oil 181 31 8 27 0 0 0 2.5 g / l of BHT millionths of red Sudan IV cyclohexanone up to to 1 liter 164 36 5 117 0 0 0 10 g / il of deltamethrin 33 8 47 0 0 0 100 g / il of mineral oil 177 30 4 27 0 0 0 2, 5g / ldeBHT millionths of red Sudan IV

  monoylethyl ether, of diethyl ether

ne-glycol E up to 1 liter

  there i ---------- ------ -------- d ue to --------- ---------- t- ------ y -------- -

  % 0 ót- Ln TABLE VI (cont'd) Sheep Weight of ng body Dose Before ap- 4th se- 6th se- 8th se- Formulations (kg) (ml) application day mae hande 143 31 8 90 1 0 0 10 g / il of deltamethrin 21 6 44 1 0 0 2.5 g / l of BHT 162 25 6 75 1 0 0 50 millionths of red Sudan IV

monomethyl ether of dipro-

pylene glycol (MDP) up to 1 liter

  13 g / l of deltamethrin 163 28 6 72 0 0 0 2.5 g / l of BHT 169 21 6 39 0 0 0 100 g / l of acetylated lanolin alcohols cyclohexanone 1 litre

156 23 6 57 1 0 0

  156 23 6 1580 2 0 0 as for example ng 10

1 76 31 8 1 80 2, 0 0

129 29 - 14 14 8 17

23 - 18 28 14 22

154 25 - - 171 47 72 Witnesses

36 - 17 8 8 24

171 30 - 17 29 24 20

  Test 4 (by varying the pyrethroids) The effectiveness of various different pyrethroids applied in the form of liquid

  spray of merino sheep. The results obtained are pre-

  Table VII. An application was made on the

  China within twenty-four hours after mowing.

  All formulations included the xylene-based solvent system shown in Run 1 except flumethrin which was formulated as a miscible oil formulation.

  but was diluted with the xylene-based solvent to obtain

  lower concentrations.

  The results obtained show that all pyrites

  tried throids are effective. However, at the doses

  Phenothrin and Flumethrin did not give an

complete mination.

  Trial 5. (Effect of deltamethrin against melophages)

  The effectiveness of deltamethrin against infestations

  melophages (Melophagus ovinus) was determined by application of 8 ml of deltamethrin in the xylene-based solvent system

  Trial 1, applied to the back of twenty new sheep

  actually shorn. Similarly, deltamethrin in the EBDG-based solvent system indicated in Run 2 was applied to another 20 sheep. The concentration of

  deltamethrin was 10 g / l.

  All forty sheep were re-examined ten weeks after application, and no

live melophages. -

TABLE VII

  Mastery, using a number of pyrethroids, lice sheep Sheep Result Compound / Dose / Formulation n (number of lice)

CYPERMETHRIN

  mg / kg 782 (formulation at 25 g / l;

1 ml / 5 kg) 732 26 -

  50 mg / kg 756 0 (250 g / l formulation; 746 0 1 ml / 5 kg) 733 0 (14/10 - m)

phenothrin

  mg / kg 721 8 (125 g / il formulation; 765 23 1 ml / 5 kg) 727 3,400 mg / kg 724 8 (500 g / il formulation; 779 6 4 ml / 5 kg) 753 18

  _____________________________________________________________

FENVALERATE

  mg / kg 744 9 (50 g / l formulation, 740 3 1 ml / 5 kg) 769 2 (14/10 - m) mg / kg 766 0 (formulation at 250 g / l; 770 0 2 ml / 5 kg ) 730 0

  _____________________________________________________________

flumethrin

  0.5 mg / kg 783 21 (2.5 g / l formulation; 725 10 1 ml / 5 kg) 719 12-16 mg / kg 722 0 (20 g / l formulation; 755 ml / 30 ml) 40 kg) 748 7

--------- --- l -----------------

741 64

737 52

WITNESSES 764 83

754 53

no application 758 121

723 55

  m = death between 14/10 and 21/10 24945d1 Trial 6. (Time needed to make an impact) The time it takes for the pyrethroid to clear

  completely the merino sheep, after application of the

  liquid formation on the spine, has been studied, and the results obtained are presented in Table VIII. These results show

  that the pyrethroid takes a definite time to disembark

  completely shatter the sheep from his lice. However, the

  tones are substantially cleared of lice within a fortnight. The effect is also highlighted in some of the

previous tables.

TABLE VIII

  Progression of the decrease in the number of lice after application of the pyrethroid on the spine I = immature lice A = adult lice Number of lice

  Sheep Group -------------------------------------

n c Days

0 7 9 15 35 42

  Cypermethrin 756> 20 7 3 0 2I 0 mrg / kg 746> 20 7 2 5 2I 0

733> 20 9 3 0 0 0

  Fenvalerate 766> 20 2 2 3 0 0 mg / kg 770> 20 6 1 0 0 0 730> 20 2 2 2 1i 0

  _____________________________________________________________ Flumetrine 722> 20 10 - 8 4I 0 12-16 mg / kg 755> 20 19 - 10 18I 31.2A

748> 20 12 - 4 71.2A 4I, 3A

741> 20 - - 14 - 64 (18)

737> 20 - - 15 - 52 (18)

  No. 764> 20 - - 16 - 83 (19) Witnesses 754> 20 - - 10 - 53 (15)

758> 20 - - 22 - 121 (19)

723> 20 - - 20 - 55 (13)

  (III) FORMULATIONS FOR USE ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION

  Suitable formulations are presented in the following examples. In general, a suitable system of solvents contains 0 to 100% by weight of xylene, 0 to 100% by weight of cyclohexanone and up to 20% by weight of corn oil.

Example 1

  10.1 g of technical deltamethrin were dissolved

  (989 g of active ingredient per kilogram) in a solvent

  with: red cyclohexanone sudan IV (soluble oil dye) 50 millionths

  and the volume was adjusted to 1 liter to obtain a solution

  containing 10 g of deltamethrin per liter.

Example 2

  51 g of deltamethrin of the active ingredient per kilogram) were dissolved in a resin containing: xylene 55% by weight cyclohexanone 30% by weight corn oil 15% red Sudan weight IV 1000 millionths and the volume was adjusted to 1 liter with the solvents to obtain a solution containing

thrine per liter.

Example 3

technical (989 g

mixture of

same mixture of

g of deltamé

  10.1 g of technical deltamethrin (989 g) were dissolved

  of the active ingredient per kilogram) in a mixture of

  containing: xylene 55% by weight cyclohexanone 30% by weight corn oil 15% by weight red Sudan IV 50 millionths and the volume was adjusted to 1 liter with the same mixture of

  solvents to obtain a solution containing 10 g of delta-

metrine per liter.

Exemole 4.

  Ol dissolved 51 g of technical deltamethrin

  (989 g of the active ingredient per kilogram) in the same

  solvent mixture as indicated in Example 3, and the volume was adjusted to obtain a solution containing 50 g of

deltamethrin per liter.

Example 5

  10.1 g of technical deltamethrin (989 g of active ingredient per kilogram) was dissolved in a solvent consisting of:

  diethylene monobutyl ether

  glycol BHT (antioxidant) 2500 millionths red Sudan IV 50 millionths and the volume was adjusted to 1 liter with the same solvent for

  obtain a solution containing 10 g of deltamethrin per liter.

Example 6

  10.1 g of technical deltamethrin (989 g of active ingredient per kilogram) were dissolved in a solvent mixture containing: cyclohexanone 50% by weight monobutyl ether diethylene glycol 50% by weight BHT (antioxidant) 2500 millionths blue for solvent n- 36 50 millionths and one has. adjusted the volume with the same mixture of solvents to obtain a solution containing 10 g of deltamethrin per liter.

Exemole 7.

  10.1 g of technical deltamethrin were dissolved

  (989 g of the active ingredient per kilogram) in various mixtures

  solvents containing: diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or 8590% by weight

monobutether acetate

tyline of ethylene-

  glycol 2z; 94561 isopropyl myristate 10 to 15% by weight BHT (antioxidant) 2500 millionths red sudan IV 50 mnillionièmqs

  and the volume was adjusted with the mixture of the remaining solvents

  to obtain a solution containing 10 g of delta-

methrine per liter.

EXAMPLE 8

  Amounts of 2.6 g were dissolved; 10.5 g;

  42.5 g and 84.2 g of technical cypermethrin (950 g of

  killing active per kilogram) in a mixture of solvents containing

  xylene 55% by weight cyclohexanone 30% by weight corn oil 15% by weight and the volume was adjusted to 1 liter with the same mixture of solvents to obtain solutions containing 2.5 g; 10 g;

  g and 80 g, respectively, of cypermnnethrin per liter.

EXAMPLE 9

  103 g of technical permethrin (970 g of the active ingredient per kilogram) were dissolved in which the ratio of cis and trans isomers (from the two asymmetric carbon atoms of the cyclopropane ring) was 25:75 in a mixture. of solvents containing: xylene 55% by weight cyclohexanone 30% by weight oil of malt 15% by weight and the volume was adjusted to 1 liter with the same mixture of

  solvents to obtain a solution containing 100 g of permeate

thrine per liter.

Example 10

  An aqueous suspension of deltamide was prepared

  using 10.1 g of technical deltamethrin, the particles of which averaged 2 to 5 microns in suspension in an aqueous formulation containing: 2t94561 nonionic wetting agent (1 mole of nonylphenol condensed with 15 moles of ethylene) 1.5 g silicon dioxide smoke 5.0 g xanthame gum 4.0 g propylene glycol 60.0 g formaldehyde 1.0 g silicone oil (antifoaming agent) 1.0 g water to make up to 1 liter Various other suspensions have also been prepared

  deltamethrin containing 1 to 500 g of deltamethrin per liter.

2t. 945 1

Claims (14)

REVENDI CATIONS   1. Method for combating and eliminating ecto-   sheep parasites, characterized in that a pyrethroid of the following formula is applied to a localized region of the skin or fleece of a sheep: ## STR1 ## in which M represents / Xi -CO-CH-CH-CH = \ / X2 It's / \ CH3 CH3 ^ XI - Co - CH - CH - CH - CX l 1 X2 C X3 X4 CH3 CH3 or -CO - CH- R2 I CH / \ CH3 CH3   and wherein X1 to X4 are independently selected from   a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, a   C1-C4 alkyl substituted with halogen and halogen substituted phenyl; X5 is a hydrogen or halogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom or a cyano group; and   R2 is a phenyl group substituted with halogen.   2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrethroid is selected from permethrin,   Phenothrin, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, cyhalothin   24945r1 thrine, flumethrin, cyflutrine, cyphenothrin,   tralomethrin, tralocythrin, and fenvalerate.   3. Method according to one of the preceding claims   tes, characterized in that the pyrethroid is applied to a sheep having a fleece essentially full wool.   4. Process according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the sheep is a your merino.   5. Process according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the pyrethroid is   applied at a rate of 1 to 500 mg per kilogram of body weight porel of the sheep.   6. Process according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that it applies   persion 2 to 15 ml of a liquid formulation comprising the pyrethroid.   7. Process according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that a   This liquid solution comprises the pyrethroid dissolved in a solvent system comprising 30 to 70% by weight of xylene, 40% by weight of cyclohexanone and 5 to 25% by weight of a vegetable oil.   8. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 6, characterized in that a liquid formulation is applied which comprises the pyrethroide dissolved in a system of   solvents comprising a major proportion of mono-n-ether butyl diethylene glycol.   9. Process according to claim 8, characterized   in that the solvent system also comprises a   minor portion of isopropyl myristate.   10. Process according to any one of the claims   1 to 6, characterized in that a liquid formulation is applied which comprises a suspension or emulsion of the pyrethroid in an aqueous liquid.   11. Process according to any one of the claims 24945 1   1 to 5, characterized in that the pyrethroid is as an aerosol.   12. Process according to any one of the claims   the application is carried out on a sheep infested with lice.   13. Process according to any one of the claims   tions, characterized in that the application is   carried out on a sheep infested with melophages.   14. Pesticidal composition to be applied by the method of claim 1, characterized in that it contains, as an active ingredient, a pyrethroid   as defined in claim 1.