FR2490114A1 - Dehydration and distn. of organic waste esp. household waste - using superheated steam from boiler operated at atmos. pressure - Google Patents

Dehydration and distn. of organic waste esp. household waste - using superheated steam from boiler operated at atmos. pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2490114A1
FR2490114A1 FR8020070A FR8020070A FR2490114A1 FR 2490114 A1 FR2490114 A1 FR 2490114A1 FR 8020070 A FR8020070 A FR 8020070A FR 8020070 A FR8020070 A FR 8020070A FR 2490114 A1 FR2490114 A1 FR 2490114A1
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France
Prior art keywords
waste
pressure
boiler
steam
superheated steam
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Granted
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FR8020070A
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French (fr)
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FR2490114B1 (en
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GUYOT MARTIN
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GUYOT MARTIN
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Priority to FR8020070A priority Critical patent/FR2490114B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
    • C05F1/002—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from fish or from fish-wastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
    • C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
    • C05F1/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Abstract

The waste is treated with dry, superheated steam at controlled max. temp. and pressure, the heat of the steam vaporising water from the waste. The steam and the vapour are continually expanded and passed to a condenser from which aq. distillate is collected. Superheated steam is pref. produced by a boiler in which water tubes are heated by contact with very hot oil at atmospheric pressure. The tubes are immersed in the oil inside the boiler shell. The hot oil is pref. also circulated through a preheating jacket surrounding the drying chamber in which the waste is steamed. Pref. a throttle valve controls feed water supply to the boiler from a balanced pressure header tank. The dehydrator is used e.g. to dispose of household refuse by converting it to a dry, inoffensive, agricultural fertiliser, a solid fuel or a chemical prod. The processed waste loses its moisture very rapidly since the steam raises the waste temp. instantly to above 100 deg. C.

Description

La présente invention a pour but de mettre au point un appareil qui permet de déshydrater et de récupérer rapidement et économiquement les produits volatils de tous les corps organiques animaux et végétaux. Son principe fondamental consiste à chauffer la matière à traiter en vase clos calorifugé, constamment réchauffé en y injectant de la sapeur d'eau chaude sous pression et en faisant détendre cette vapeur ainsi que celle qui provient de la matière dans un condenseur.D'autre part, la vapeur chauffante est continuellement fournie au réservoir de traitement, d'un bout à l'autre de l'opération, sous la forme de vapeur d'eau surchauffée sèche engendrée par un générateur composé d'un faisceau de tubes et d'un ou de plusieurs réservoirs de charge plongés dans une chaudière contenant de l'huile minérale chauffée à la pression atmosphérique entre 200 et 25CPC.  The object of the present invention is to develop an apparatus which makes it possible to dehydrate and quickly and economically recover volatile products from all animal and plant organic bodies. Its fundamental principle consists in heating the material to be treated in a thermally insulated closed vessel, constantly reheated by injecting it with hot water under pressure and by making this vapor and that which comes from the material relax in a condenser. On the other hand, the heating steam is continuously supplied to the treatment tank, from one end to the other of the operation, in the form of dry superheated steam generated by a generator composed of a bundle of tubes and one or more charge tanks immersed in a boiler containing mineral oil heated to atmospheric pressure between 200 and 25CPC.

C'est un apport d'appoint à la technique de déshydratation et de distillation combinées. En effet, les avantages technologiques convoités et obtenus sont probants quant à:
10 La grande vitesse de vaporisation de l'eau contenue dans la matière à traiter qui se trouve instantanément portée à une tespéra- ture supérieure à looeC;
2 La siccité quasi parfaite des produits secs obtenus qui sont généralement de nature cellulosique et qui se prêtent sur-le-chap au chauffage de l'huile thermique en tant que combustible;;
30 L'économie réalisée dans la fabrication de la chaudière qui travaille à la pression atmosphérique et
40 La grande sécurité des tubes de chauffage et des réservoirs de charge obtenue en augmentant leur nombre pour diminuer leur diamètre en mtme temps que l'épaisseur de leur paroi.It is an additional contribution to the technique of combined dehydration and distillation. Indeed, the coveted and obtained technological advantages are convincing as for:
The high vaporization speed of the water contained in the material to be treated, which is instantly brought to a temperature greater than 100 ° C;
2 The almost perfect dryness of the dry products obtained which are generally of a cellulosic nature and which lend themselves instantly to the heating of thermal oil as fuel;
30 The savings made in the manufacture of the boiler which works at atmospheric pressure and
40 The great security of heating tubes and charge tanks obtained by increasing their number to decrease their diameter at the same time as the thickness of their wall.

L'ambition première de l'appareil ainsi conçu est de se mettre à la disposition des municipalités pour transformer, au fur et à mesure de leur production, les ordures ménagères en combustibles, engrais, corps gras, produits chimiques etc... afin d'éviter la solution actuelle d'entreposage malsain ou d'incinération polluante et destructrice de la matière organique génératrice d'humus si recherchée pour amender les terres. The primary ambition of the device thus designed is to make itself available to municipalities to transform, as and when they are produced, household waste into fuels, fertilizers, fatty substances, chemicals etc ... in order to '' avoid the current solution of unhealthy storage or polluting and destructive incineration of organic matter generating humus if sought to improve the land.

La chaudière, fig. 1 de la planche unique, est un réservoir cylindrique 1 contenant de l'huile minérale qu'un foyer 2 porte à une température comprise entre 200 et 25C. exile communique avec un vase d'expansion, fig. 2, qui est aussi un réservoir cylindrique 3 muni d'un couvercle 4 amovible et simplement posé dessus.  The boiler, fig. 1 of the single plate, is a cylindrical tank 1 containing mineral oil that a hearth 2 carries at a temperature between 200 and 25C. exile communicates with an expansion vessel, fig. 2, which is also a cylindrical tank 3 provided with a removable cover 4 and simply placed thereon.

Les accessoires de la chaudière comprennent: un thermomètre 5, un niveau d'huile 6, un tuyau de décharge avec robinet 7 et un tuyau de vidange avec robinet 8. The boiler accessories include: a thermometer 5, an oil level 6, a discharge pipe with tap 7 and a drain pipe with tap 8.

Le générateur de vapeur d'eau surchauffée est un faisceau de tubes cylindriques 9 plongés dans le corps de la chaudière. Il communique avec un ou plusieurs réservoirs de charge 10 également cylindriques et contenus dans la chaudière. The superheated steam generator is a bundle of cylindrical tubes 9 immersed in the body of the boiler. It communicates with one or more load tanks 10 also cylindrical and contained in the boiler.

Les accessoires du générateur de vapeur d'eau comprennent: un thermomètre 11, une soupape de stre$é double 12, un manomètre 13, un tuyau de décharge avec robinet 14 et un tuyau de vidange avec robinet 15. The steam generator accessories include: a thermometer 11, a double pressure valve 12, a pressure gauge 13, a discharge pipe with tap 14 and a drain pipe with tap 15.

L 'alimentation en eau du générateur de vapeur est assurée, fig. 3, par un réservoir cylindrique 16 muni d'un manomètre 17, d'un niveau d'eau 18, d'une conduite d'arrivée d'eau avec robinet 19, d'un tuyau de décharge 20 et d1un tuyau de vidange 21. The steam generator is supplied with water, fig. 3, by a cylindrical tank 16 provided with a pressure gauge 17, with a water level 18, with a water inlet pipe with tap 19, with a discharge pipe 20 and with a drain pipe 21 .

Le réservoir d'alimentation en eau est relié au générateur de vapeur par une conduite d'équilibrage de pression avec robinet 22 et une conduite de distribution avec régulateur 23. The water supply tank is connected to the steam generator by a pressure equalization pipe with tap 22 and a distribution pipe with regulator 23.

Le traitement des matières organiques se fait, fig. 4, das un réservoir cylindrique 24, pourvu de deux couvercles amovibles 25 et 26 aux deux bouts. Il est entouré d'une double enveloppe 27 calorifugée qui contient de l'huile chaude et qui fait l'office de réchauffeur. Organic materials are processed, fig. 4, das a cylindrical tank 24, provided with two removable covers 25 and 26 at both ends. It is surrounded by a heat-insulated double jacket 27 which contains hot oil and which acts as a heater.

Le réchauffeur est pourvu d'un thermomètre 28, d'un tuyau de vidange 29 et s'alimente en huile chaude par thermosiphon, à l'aide de deux conduites avec robinets 30 et 31 qui le mettent en communi- cation avec la chaudière. ( Dans les grandes installations, on pourrait faire travailler une chaudière et un générateur de vapeur pour une batterie de plusieurs réservoirs de traitement. On aurait alors avantage à alimenter les réchauffeurs en huile chaude en se servant d'une deuxième chaudière sans générateur de vapeur ). The heater is provided with a thermometer 28, a drain pipe 29 and is supplied with hot oil by thermosyphon, by means of two pipes with taps 30 and 31 which put it in communication with the boiler. (In large installations, one could work a boiler and a steam generator for a battery of several treatment tanks. It would then be advantageous to supply the heaters with hot oil by using a second boiler without a steam generator) .

Le réservoir de traitement est muni d'une conduite d'amenée avec régulateur 32 qui l'alimente en vapeur d'eau surchauffée que débite le réservoir de charge. Il est également pourvu d'un thermo- mètre 33, d'un manomètre 34, d'un tuyau de décharge avec robinet 35 et d'une conduite d'évacuation avec régulateur 36 qui le relie soit à l'air libre, soit à un condenseur. The treatment tank is provided with a supply line with regulator 32 which supplies it with superheated steam which the charge tank delivers. It is also provided with a thermometer 33, a pressure gauge 34, a discharge pipe with tap 35 and a discharge pipe with regulator 36 which connects it either to the open air or to a condenser.

Au départ, on chauffe d'abord l'appareil pour obtenir de la vapeur d'eau surchauffée à la température et à la pression requises données par le thermomètre 11 et le manomètre 13 du réservoir de charge 10 du générateur de vapeur. On fait arriver ensuite de l'huile chaude dans le réchauffeur 27. Puis on introduit la matière à traiter 37 dans le réservoir de traitement 24 en fermant ses couvercles 25 et 26. At the start, the apparatus is first heated to obtain superheated steam at the required temperature and pressure given by the thermometer 11 and the pressure gauge 13 of the charge tank 10 of the steam generator. Then hot oil is brought into the heater 27. Then the material to be treated 37 is introduced into the treatment tank 24 by closing its covers 25 and 26.

Le traitement commence avec ltouverture du régulateur 32 pour l'arrivée de la vapeur d'eau surchauffée dans le réservoir de traitement. Dès que le thermomètre 33 et le manomètre 34 accusent des valeurs appropriées compatibles avec la nature de la matière à traiter, on ouvre le régulateur 36 pour évacuer doucement cette vapeur d'eau traitante ainsi que la vapeur d'eau qui provient de la matière vers un condenseur pour ltobtention d'un distillat aqueux. The treatment begins with the opening of the regulator 32 for the arrival of the superheated steam in the treatment tank. As soon as the thermometer 33 and the pressure gauge 34 have appropriate values compatible with the nature of the material to be treated, the regulator 36 is opened to gently evacuate this treating water vapor as well as the water vapor which comes from the material towards a condenser for obtaining an aqueous distillate.

Pendant toute la durée du traitement, le régulateur 32 continue à débiter de la vapeur d'eau surchauffée pour le maintien de la température et de la pression requises dans l'enceinte du récipient.Throughout the duration of the treatment, the regulator 32 continues to deliver superheated steam to maintain the required temperature and pressure in the enclosure of the container.

 la fin de l'opération, on ferme les régulateurs 32 et 36 et on ouvre le robinet de décharge 35 jusqu'a' ce que le manomètre 34 indique la pression atmosphérique avant de commencer à ouvrir les couvercles 25 et 26 pour retirer la matière desséchée et de recommencer un autre traitement. At the end of the operation, the regulators 32 and 36 are closed and the discharge valve 35 is opened until the pressure gauge 34 indicates the atmospheric pressure before starting to open the covers 25 and 26 to remove the material parched and start another treatment.

En dehors de l'utilisation rationnelle du Dièsteur-déshydrà- teur universel envisagée pour la résolution du problème posé par les ordures ménagères, on peut lui en proposer d'autres et non des moindres telles que:
Le traitement du fumier de ferme qui répand une odeur nauséabonde, qui pollue les cours d'eau en s'infiltrant dans le sol et qui attend sa transformation en engrais sec pulvérisé;
La récupération des poissons de rebut dont on est obligé de rejeter dans l'eau qui constituent environ 30 % des prises en mer et qui demandent à entre déshydratés pour devenir de la farine de poisson nécessaire à l'élevage des animaux; ;
Le dégagement des déchets de pin provenant des industries du Gois et du papier qui traient dangereusement en foret et qui attendent pour devenir du bois de chauffage, de la colophane, de l'essence de térébenthine et de l'essence de pin. Apart from the rational use of the universal Drier-dehydrator envisaged for the resolution of the problem posed by household waste, we can offer others and not least such as:
The treatment of farmyard manure which spreads a foul odor, which pollutes watercourses by infiltrating the soil and which awaits its transformation into dry pulverized fertilizer;
The recovery of discarded fish which we are forced to reject into the water which constitute about 30% of catches at sea and which require dehydrated to become fish meal necessary for the breeding of animals; ;
The release of pine waste from the Gois and paper industries which are dangerously milking in the forest and waiting to become firewood, rosin, turpentine and pine essence.

Claims (4)

RENEN M CATIOiSRENEN M CATIOiS 1. Procédé de séchage et de distillation extractive des corps organiquss animaux et végétaux caractérisé en ce que la matière à déshydrater est soumise à un chauffage continuel à la vapeur d'eau surchauffée, maintenue à une température et à une pression qui ne dépassent pas les valeurs maximales admissibles, laquelle vapeur chauffante provoque la vaporisation de l'eau contenue dans. la matière et se détend continuellement avec elle dans un condenseur où l'on recueille un distillat aqueux. 1. A method of drying and extractive distillation of organic animal and plant bodies, characterized in that the material to be dehydrated is subjected to continuous heating with superheated steam, maintained at a temperature and a pressure which do not exceed maximum permissible values, which heating vapor causes the water contained in. matter and continuously expands with it in a condenser where an aqueous distillate is collected. 2. Appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir dans lequel on traite la matière à déshydrater est calorifugé et constatent réchauffé à l'aide de l'huile chaude, renouvelée par thermosiphon, qui circule dans une double enveloppe. 2. Apparatus for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir in which the material to be dehydrated is treated is insulated and found to be heated using hot oil, renewed by thermosiphon, which circulates in a double envelope. 3. Appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vapeur d'eau surchauffée destinée à alimenter les réservoirs de traitement est engendrée par un dispositif composé d'un faisceau de tubes et d'une batterie de réservoirs de charge chauffés indirectement, à l'huile chaude, dans l'enceinte d'une chaudière qui fonctionne à la pression atmosphérique. 3. Apparatus for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the superheated water vapor intended to supply the treatment tanks is generated by a device composed of a bundle of tubes and a battery of tanks load heated indirectly, with hot oil, in the enclosure of a boiler which operates at atmospheric pressure. 4. Appareil selon revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'alinentation en eau du générateur de vapeur est. effectuée à l'aide d'un régulateur, à partir d'un ballon en charge, équilibré en pression.  4. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the water supply of the steam generator is. performed using a regulator, using a pressure-balanced tank.
FR8020070A 1980-09-18 1980-09-18 COMBINED EXTRACTIVE DRYING AND DISTILLATION PROCESS FOR ORGANIC BODIES AND ITS DEVICE Expired FR2490114B1 (en)

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FR8020070A FR2490114B1 (en) 1980-09-18 1980-09-18 COMBINED EXTRACTIVE DRYING AND DISTILLATION PROCESS FOR ORGANIC BODIES AND ITS DEVICE

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FR8020070A FR2490114B1 (en) 1980-09-18 1980-09-18 COMBINED EXTRACTIVE DRYING AND DISTILLATION PROCESS FOR ORGANIC BODIES AND ITS DEVICE

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FR2490114A1 true FR2490114A1 (en) 1982-03-19
FR2490114B1 FR2490114B1 (en) 1985-10-04

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997032829A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Heniqui Gerard Multi-purpose biotechnological method with programmed operating modes for converting any biomass into novel industrial products having perfect bacteriological quality without producing end residues
WO1997033133A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Heniqui Gerard Biomechanical hydrolysis reactor for processing and converting a biomass into novel industrial products
CN109759417A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-05-17 韶关市诚湃新能源科技有限公司 A kind of environment-friendly microbial method refuse disposal installation and waste disposal method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190929568A (en) * 1909-12-17 1910-06-02 Martin Ziegler Improvements pertaining to the Treatment of Domestic and Street Refuse and Sludge for the Production of Gas therefrom.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190929568A (en) * 1909-12-17 1910-06-02 Martin Ziegler Improvements pertaining to the Treatment of Domestic and Street Refuse and Sludge for the Production of Gas therefrom.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997032829A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Heniqui Gerard Multi-purpose biotechnological method with programmed operating modes for converting any biomass into novel industrial products having perfect bacteriological quality without producing end residues
WO1997033133A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Heniqui Gerard Biomechanical hydrolysis reactor for processing and converting a biomass into novel industrial products
FR2745734A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Heniqui Gerard VERSATILE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCEDURE WITH PROGRAMMED OPERATING MODES FOR THE CONVERSION OF ANY BIOMASS INTO NEW INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS OF PERFECT BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY, WITHOUT ULTIMATE RESIDUES
FR2745726A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Heniqui Gerard MULTIPURPOSE BIOMECHANICAL REACTOR WITH PROGRAM OPERATION FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF BIOMASS INTO NEW INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS OF PERFECT BIOLOGICAL QUALITY WITHOUT ULTIMATE RESIDUES.
CN109759417A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-05-17 韶关市诚湃新能源科技有限公司 A kind of environment-friendly microbial method refuse disposal installation and waste disposal method
CN109759417B (en) * 2018-11-23 2020-11-24 安徽科柏盛环保设备有限公司 Environment-friendly microbial garbage treatment device and garbage treatment method

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