FR2483533A1 - Vertical wind turbine energy converter - has vanes spaced around rotating drum extending outwardly and flush with drum circumference opposite sides - Google Patents

Abstract

The wind turbine has a number of vanes each pivoted about a vertical axis. The vanes are spaced around the periphery of a drum and in the working position, and project outwardly from the drum over half of its circumference. The vanes are pushed back to lie flush with the drum over the other half of its circumference under the action of the wind. Pref. the drum is supported by a roller bearing to rotate freely about a central vertical tube which can be supported directly from the ground or which is supported at the top of a mast. A casing is pref. also supported for rotation about the vertical tube (1) via a roller bearing and supports a deflection plate shielding the vanes on the closed side from the wind and diminishing its action on the open vanes at high wind speeds for velocity regulation.

Description

DESCRIPTION
WIND TURBINE WITH VERTICAL AXIS AND MOBILE SHUTTERS
The invention aims to recover the kinetic energy of the wind, its transformation into energy (electrical, mechanical or hydraulic.

 Figures 1, 2 and 3 show the principle installation.

The set includes
A) - A tubular vertical axis, reference 1, which can be fixed to the ground, (in the case of a clear environment, cliff beams, etc.) or mounted on a mast on a pylon, or on any other support allowing maximum use of winds from all directions that can blow at the place of installation.

B) - A drum, item 2, mounted on bearings and thrust ball bearings, item 3, or any other device with low friction (bronze, nylon bearings, etc.), rotates freely on axis 1.

C) - A series of flaps, item 4, with a carefully determined profile, is supported by the flanges of the drums by means of pins 5, fitted with pins and bushings with needle balls, in bronze, nylon or other devices.

The flaps carry, at their opposite ends of the axis 5, reference rollers 6, crazy on their axes.

Dr - One or more raceways, item 7, responsible for guiding the rollers and now - over most of the first half of the circumference of the drum, the flaps in the closed position: these are pressed against the drum as close as possible.

- On the major part of the second half of the circumference of the drum, the open position of the flaps, that is to say that the latter have a well-defined angle with respect to the wall of the drum. It is in this position that the flaps receive on their concave face the thrust of the wind.

Between these 2 portions of circorS r (-nce, the raceways have connection paths yes allow the rollers to pass: closed to open and open to close positions without cuts.

The raceways and rollers are made of materials eliminating noise, vibrations, etc.

so that the device is silent at all speeds (rubber, various plastics, tires for rollers, etc.)
E) - A carcass, item 8, also mounted on bearings and stops, item 9, capable of turning on axis 1 and supporting
o the raceways
F) o a roof., Mark 10, putting. sheltered a large part of the drum, shutters and the rest of the installation
G) o a deflector, item 11, the roll of which is to mask the effects of the wind on the part of the drum carrying the shutters closed. In addition, this deflector is extended forwards and backwards, in order to orient the device, like a wind vane, in the direction of the wind direction.

H) - A panel, reference 12, mobile, thanks to a vertical articulation, reference 13, serves to reduce the wind resistance of the open shutters, under the action of a speed regulating device.

I) - A set of circular baffles, item 14, makes it possible to receive runoff from rain, condensation, defrosting on the shutters and the drum,
- The tubes, item 15, are used for the evacuation of these runoff waters.

The operation is as follows the wind blows and the deflector is oriented thanks to its weather vane effect; by causing the carcass to rotate, therefore the raceways.

The flaps, not masked by the deflector and open, are subjected to the action of the wind and cause the drum to rotate under the pressure of the latter.

When r.t rars.is energize it - ie from the wind to the drum, the shutters thanks to rollers, close against the drum.

 ventilation effect is minimized between the drum and the deflector.

it is obvious that the clearances, the shapes and the positions of the parts involved will be determined and studied according to the constructive possibilities and the dimensions of the elements in order to obtain optimum performance, turbulence and minimum drag (see figure 4 clearances and b, coverage angle
etc ....)
The rotation of the drum allows by means of all the currently existing devices: - straight or bevel gears - flat, trapezoidal, toothed belts etc.

- friction rollers - transmission shafts (in the axis of the support, reference 1) etc.

Training. of - electric generators of direct or alternating current - pumps of water or hydrodynamic fluid - compressors etc ...

When the drum rotates at a normal and expected speed, the panel 12, is pressed against the deflector.
If the drum speed increases beyond a predicted value, a control device causes the panel to open and reduces the wind resistance of the open shutters while the.

speed remains high.

It is obvious that these devices will be built taking into account their place of installation, receiving for the prevailing winds a speed of rotation, a number of flaps, a construction method, an appropriate support etc.

Part of the determinations will be made by wind tunnel tests on models.

PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION
Depending on the required power, there will be various.

models.

, r,) - Low power installation according to Figures 5 and 6.

F. ' le is capable of driving a low voltage generator
(with or without a buffer electric storage battery) for - lighting an isolated house - heating a large volume of heat-transfer liquid, item 18 using resistors, item 17, in a heat-insulated container, item 19, possibly in association with solar heating batteries, item 20
The support can be a guyed mast, item 14, a pylon, item 16, or any other support.

A coil, item 21 allows the heating of sanitary batten, item 22,
Another circuit fitted with a reference 23 accelerator allows central heating.

The assembly will be of simple construction, requiring little maintenance, the shutters being possibly in molded plastic.

A speed regulator may be a mass regulator
Foolish, acting on the. wind catch panel.

In low power models, the raceways will probably be limited to the area "1 shutters closed" and to a curve causing the closure before the deflector in the direction of rotation.

Concentric springs on the axes, item 5, will cause the shutters to open in the work area. Pebble rubs will thus be canceled throughout the "open flaps" area.

 t.) - High power installation according to Figures 7 and 8.

This installation will include two symmetrical drums for a better balance of forces on the support and a better aerodynamic performance.

Each drum can be independent for driving separate machines.

The energies recovered can also be combined, by connecting the two drums by chains, belts or gears in order to obtain a single power on a line of shaft.

The latter can be mounted inside the general pivot, reperde 24, in order to transr-ettre the movement to the hase of the support.

Centrifugal couplers, slightly offset at increasing clutch speeds, will allow the progressive drive of machines, thus using the whole range of available sockets. The last to be put into service would be a hydraulic pump causing the opening of the flow limitation panels, item 12, towards the 2 tamhouri, by means of jacks, item 25, and an appropriate regulation.

This realization will be limited only by the technical possibilities of construction of the support pylons, large tamhours, flaps and deflectors of the body, reference 8, of the drift, reference 26, constructed in light metals, according to aeronautical techniques.

The problems relating to the driven machines and their regulation are solved by traditional techniques, as well as the lubrication of all the articulations.

All installations of intermediate powers are then carried out.

The use of a varied range of materials and different constructive details will be considered, depending on whether it is one. installation * simple of low capacity, economical to buy and maintain, or, more complex with good performance, and therefore allowing better use of each wind blast, but requiring, in return, a more expensive technology.

Claims (4)

1. F. vertical axis wind turbine for recovering the kinetic energy of winds from all directions, characterized in that flaps mounted on the periphery of a drum are open during the work-along phase. half of the circumference of the latter, then closed and sheltered from the fact of the wind along the other half of the circumference.  2. Unit according to revendi.cati.on 1. characterized by the fact that a deflector panel limits the "taking in the wind" under the action of a speed regulator.  3. Unit according to claims 1. and 2. characterized by its simple and economical construction, comprising a single drum, provides the electrical energy necessary for heating and lighting a house, 4. Unit according to claims 1. and 2., characterized in that it is equipped with two symmetrical drums, that it is constructed according to aeronautical techniques, or that it is of large dimensions, and allows the recovery of large- he amounts of kinetic energy of the winds.