FR2482073A1 - Hydraulically operated lift with top and bottom water tanks - has trimming tanks under cage and attached to counterweight with water transferred between elements by flexible tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The lift shaft (1) has a sump (2) and a machinery room (3) mounted above the building roof (4). The lift cage (6) is connected to the counter weight (7) by the cable (8). The cable passes over the pulleys (9) and (10). The balance cable (11) is connected under the cage. The system is supplied with a water tank (12) at the base and a top tank (13). The water can circulate from the bottom to the top tank through a pump. The cage also carries a water tank (14) and the counter weight carries a tank (15). Water can be transferred between the fixed top tank and the mobile tank and between the two mobile tanks and the fixed tank at the base. The transfer of fluid is controlled by valves in the pipes coupling the various elements.

Description

The subject of the present invention is a device controlling the movement of an elevator car and, more particularly, a device controlling this movement by the weight and the transfer of liquid admitted into several tanks.

While elevators are usually actuated by means of an electric motor with reduction gear placed in upper machinery, it has already been envisaged to actuate them by applying only gravity forces to them and by providing mass transfers, so that the cabin can move in the desired direction regardless of its load. Thus, it has already been provided that the masses moving the elevator car consist of cables or chains which can be transferred between the car and the counterweight. This process remains difficult to apply, taking into account that the cabin and the counterweight are mobile elements, so that the cables or channels form between the cabin and the counterweight loops with strands of variable lengths, therefore of variable weights, which provide We have also already envisaged a transfer of masses of liquid between the cabin and the counterweight, equipped with tanks; this principle, as it is currently known, requires pumps on the cabin and on the counterweight, the tanks of which are connected together by flexible hoses.

An achievement of this kind, if it existed, would remain very imperfect: there would be no permanent potential energy allowing instantaneous response to any new imbalance situation, and liquid would have to be constantly transferred between the cabin and the counterweight; that these transfers are carried out at least quickly, the pumps should be of a great power, which would pose problems considering that they are carried by the cabin and by the counterweight, and would go against the goal first pursued by such a system which is energy saving. Other problems remain to be solved for the practical implementation of a system of this type, and in particular that of the control of liquid masses so that the tanks of the cabin and the counterweight do not behave like communicating vessels.

The present invention aims to remedy all these drawbacks, by providing an improved device for controlling the movement of an elevator car by the weight and the transfer of a liquid, this device making it possible to have significant potential energy. at any time and whatever the desired displacement for the cabin, eliminating all the pumps on the cabin and on the counterweight, and allowing a real energy saving as well as a saving of power to be installed for an elevator of given capacity, while perfectly controlling the maintenance or transfer of liquid masses.

To this end, the device according to the invention comprises, in combination: a first fixed tank situated at the level of the lower bowl or halfway through the lift; a second fixed tank located at the level of the upper machinery of the elevator, and connected directly to the first fixed tank by a duct associated with a lifting pump; a first mobile tank carried by the elevator car, means being provided for transferring liquid between the top fixed tank and this first mobile tank, as well as between this first mobile tank and the fixed tank located at the bottom or at mid-race; a second mobile tank carried by the counterweight of the elevator, means being provided for transferring liquid between the top fixed tank and this second mobile tank, as well as between this second mobile tank and the fixed tank located at the bottom or at mid-race; and means for controlling the transfers of liquid between the top tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight, as well as for countering the transfers of liquid between the respective tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight and the tank situated below or halfway.

The device which is the subject of the invention is therefore characterized by the presence of four tanks, with a high tank filled by raising the liquid from a low tank or located halfway, this high tank making it possible to feed by simple gravity the mobile tanks of the cabin and the counterweight. The special feature of these two mobile tanks is that they can also be emptied by gravity into the low tank or located halfway. Means can be provided in addition to directly connect the respective tanks of the cabin and the ontrepoids, d 'other means then controlling the liquid transfers between these two tanks; all these means do not however include any pump, which constitutes their originality, on the other hand they include solenoid valves and non-return valves making it possible to perfectly control the maintenance of the liquid in the two tanks in question and the transfer of this liquid from a tank to the other.

In a first large category of devices according to the invention, the first fixed tank is located at the level of the lower bowl of the elevator and thus constitutes a "low tank". Within this category, according to a first embodiment, the means provided for transferring liquid between the top tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and the counterweight, as well as between these last two tanks and the bottom tank, are vertical connections formed by very deformable tubular elements, moving along vertical guides.

It is understood that said tubular elements must be able to deform so as to ensure a continuous connection between each mobile tank and the two fixed tanks, despite the vertical movements of the cabin and the counterweight and in all possible positions, therefore of the floor lower on the highest floor to be served. In a variant, the means provided for transferring liquid between the high tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight consist of flexible pipes leading to these last two tanks and being wound on a drum with a horizontal axis, connected by a rotating connector to the top tank, while only the means for transferring liquid between the respective tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight and the bottom tank are constituted by tubular elements very deformable.

Of course, the unwinding or winding of the flexible pipes, which connect the high tank to the two mobile tanks, must be coordinated here with the movements of the cabin and the counterweight.

Advantageously, in the cases previously considered, the means for controlling the transfers of liquid between the high tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and the counterweight, as well as between these last two tanks and the low tank, are constituted by solenoid valves. placed on the connections formed by highly deformable tubular elements and / or by flexible pipes.

According to another embodiment of the invention, in which the first fixed tank is always located at the level of the lower bowl, the means provided for transferring liquid between the high tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight are constituted by a fixed pipe starting from the top tank and extending downwards with, at the height of each stage, orifices cooperating with respective receivers provided on the tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight, and the means provided for transferring liquid between the respective tanks of the cabin and the counterweight and the low tank are constituted by a fixed piping leading to the low tank and extending upwards with, at the height of each stage, orifices cooperating with respective pourers provided on the cab and counterweight tanks.

A “discontinuous” system is thus produced, in which the two mobile tanks can communicate with the two fixed tanks only when the cabin, and therefore also the counterweight, are in positions corresponding to the stop on a floor to be served, but this does not is not at all a drawback since transfers involving the mobile tanks take place anyway when the cabin is stopped. In this case, it is advantageously provided that the means for controlling the transfers of liquid between the high tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and the counterweight comprise rotary valves capable of closing the orifices of the fixed piping leaving from the high tank, as well as an electric opening control provided on the respective receivers of the tanks of the cabin and the counterweight, while the means to control the liquid transfers between these last two tanks and the low tank include electronic controls opening plates associated with the respective pourers of the cab tanks and the counterweight.

Another large category of devices in accordance with the invention, making it possible to limit the height of lifting of the liquid and to simplify the connections between the various reservoirs, includes the embodiments in which the first fixed reservoir is located halfway. According to a possible then conceivable, the means provided for transferring liquid between the top tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and the counterweight are constituted by flexible pipes, and the means provided for transferring liquid between the respective tanks of the cabin and of the counterweight and the tank located at mid-stroke are constituted by rotary valves, provided respectively on the cabin tank and on the counterweight tank, and making it possible to pour the water from these two tanks into the tank located at mid stroke, when the cabin and the counterweight are themselves on the floor located at half stroke. The connection of the two mobile tanks is in this case n continuous with the high tank, and "discontinuous n with the tank located halfway, which does not constitute a drawback insofar as the cabin and the counterweight pass regularly at mid The means to control the transfers of liquid between the high tank and the respective tanks of the cabin and the counterweight must always be appropriate and include for example, in this case, on each flexible pipe, a solenoid valve or a rotating tap as well. than a non-return valve.

In any case, the invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of nonlimiting examples, some embodiments of this device controlling the movement of a cabin elevator
Figure 1 is a general view, in vertical section, of an elevator according to the present invention, with low tank and high tank;
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are more detailed side or front views of three devices according to the invention, still with high tank and low tank;
Figure 5 is a partial side view, showing the cabin and the counterweight, of the device of which Figure 4 constitutes a front view;
Figure 6 is a side view showing yet another embodiment, with a fixed tank located halfway in place of the low tank;
Figure 7 is a detail view showing the special braking means associated with the adhesion pulley over which pass the traction cables connecting the cabin to the counterweight.

Figure 1 shows, in principle, a building elevator, with a cage 1 extending between a lower bowl 2 and an upper machinery 3 protruding from the terrace 4 of the building, this elevator serving a number of stages 5. The cabin 6 is connected to the counterweight 7 by traction cables 8 which pass, in the upper machinery 3, -on a traction sheave 2 and on a deflection pulley 10.

In known manner, the cabin 6 and the counterweight 7 are further connected by balancing rams 11, which with the cables 8 form a complete loop. According to the inventiog, the movement of the cabin 6 is controlled by the weight and the transfer of 'A liquid, such as water, which is admitted into several fixed and mobile tanks, and more particularly, in the example of Figure 1.

a fixed lower reservoir 12, housed at the bottom of the lower bowl 2; -a fixed top tank 13, placed in the upper machinery 3; a mobile tank 14, carried by cabin 6, and in particular provided below this cabin; another mobile tank 15, carried by the counterweight 7, and occupying in particular the lower part of this counterweight.

As shown for example in FIG. 2, the bottom tank 12 is provided with an overflow 16 and it is connected directly to the top tank 13 by a vertical duct 17, at the base of which is a lifting pump 18. The upper tank 13 also includes a direct water inlet 19, on which e-st disposed a tap or a solenoid valve 20. The same elements are also found in FIGS. 3 and 49 and partially in FIG. 6.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a vertical connection is made between the top tank 13 and the bottom tank 12 passing through the tank 14 of the cabin 6. Given the movements of the cabin 6,
this connection is constituted by tubular elements
very deformable 21 and 22, moving along guides
vertical 23. A solenoid valve 24 is placed at the start
of this connection, so under the bottom of the top tank
13; another 25 eSt solenoid valve placed under the bottom
of the tank 14 of the cabin 6. In the position shown
felt from this cabin 6, the elements 21 located between
the high tank 13 and the cabin 6 are very compressed
in height, while the elements 22 located between the
cabin 6 and the low tank 12 are on the contrary very
dilated in height.

Another similar vertical connection is made
between the high tank 13 and the low tank 12 in
this time passing through the tank 15 of the counterweight 7.

As before, given the displacements of the
counterweight 7, this connection is constituted by
highly deformable tubular elements 26 and 27, are de
placing along vertical guides 28. Two solenoid valve
nes 29 and 30 are placed on this connection, respectively
under the bottom of the top tank 13 and under the bottom
of the tank 15 of the counterweight 7.

In the embodiment of Figure 3, the
same connections exist but are made so
somewhat different The high tank 13 has
on its bottom a flow 31, connected by a swivel joint
to a drum 32 of horizontal axis 33, on which
roll two flexible pipes 21 'and 26'.

The first flexible hose 21 'ends at the reservoir 14
of cabin 6, a solenoid valve 24 being placed on
this pipe 21 'towards the top of the cabin 6. The second
flexible pipe 26 'ends at the tank 15 of the counterweight 7, a solenoid valve 29' being placed on this pipe 26 'towards
the top of the counterweight 7. When the conduits connecting
the tank 14 of the cabin 6 at the low tank 12, thus
that the tank 15 from the counterweight 7 to the bottom tank
12, their production by means of highly deformable tubular elements 22 and 27 does not differ from the production according to FIG. 2, and there are also the solenoid valves 25 and 30 in the same arrangement.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 establishes communications between the top tank 13 and the respective tanks 14 and 15 of the cabin 6 and the counterweight 7, as well as between these latter tanks 14 and 15 and the bottom tank 12, at by means of two fixed pipes 34 and 35.

A first fixed pipe 34, always full of water, starts from the bottom of the high tank 13, and it extends vertically downwards with, at floor screed height, orifices 36 capable of being closed off by rotating rotating bins. The respective tanks 14 and 15 of the cabin 6 and the counterweight 7 each have, at their top, a receiver respectively 37 and 38 with electric opening control, cooperating with the rotary valves of the orifices 36 to admit water in these reservoirs 14 and 15.

A second fixed pipe 35, leading to the low tank 12, extends vertically upwards from this low tank 12 with, at the height of each stage, orifices 39. The respective tanks 84 and 15 of the cabin 6 and of the counterweights 7 both have, at their base, a pourer 40 and 41 respectively with electric opening control, making it possible to discharge water into the pipe 35.

As shown in Figure 5, the respective tanks 14 and 15 of the cabin 6 and the counterweight 7 are here also connected directly to each other, by means of two flexible pipes 42 and 43. A first pipe 42, allowing the transfer of water from the reservoir 14 to the reservoir 15, comprises a solenoid valve 44 and a non-return valve 45 at its starting point, under the bottom of the reservoir 14. A second pipe 43, allowing the transfer of water from the reservoir 15 to the reservoir 14 , includes in the same way a solenoid valve 46 and a non-return valve 47 near its starting point, under the counterweight 7.

In the embodiment of Figure 6, the low tank housed at the bottom of the lower bowl 2 is replaced by a fixed tank 12 'located halfway.

The high tank 13, the tank 14 of the cabin 6 and the tank 15 of the counterweight 7 remain, and the tank 12 'situated at mid-stroke at directly connected to the high tank 13 by a vertical duct 17' associated with a lifting pump 18 ', analogous to the corresponding parts 17 and 18 of the preceding figures.

The top tank 13 is here connected to the bottom of the tank 14 of the cabin 6 by a first flexible pipe 48, comprising near its end point at the tank 14 a solenoid valve or a rotary tap 49, as well as a non-return valve 50. Another rotary tap 51, provided at the base of the tank 14 of the cabin 6, makes it possible to pour water from this tank 14 into the tank 12 'situated halfway, when the cabin 6 is itself stopped. on level 5 located halfway.

Likewise, the high reservoir 13 is connected to the bottom of the reservoir 15 of the counterweight 7 by a second flexible pipe 52, comprising near its point of termination at the reservoir 15 a solenoid valve or a rotary tap 53, as well as a non-return valve 54 Another rotary tap 55, provided at the base of the tank 15 of the counterweight 7, makes it possible to pour the water from this tank 15 into the tank $ {'situated at mid-stroke, when the counterweight 7 is itself halfway along the cabin.

Given the principle here chosen to control the movement of the cabin 6, the upper machinery 3 where the top tank 13 is located does not include the usual engine, but special braking means are provided therein, which are associated with the pulley grip 9 over which the traction cables 8 pass connecting the cabin 6 to the counterweight 7. These means, represented in FIG. 7, include an electromagnet whose fixed coil 56, supplied by wires 57, surrounds a movable core 58 coupled to a master cylinder 59. The latter controls, via a hydraulic circuit 60, brake pads 61 and 62 which are held by a support 63 and which cooperate with a disc 64 linked in rotation to the shaft 65 of the adhesion pulley Q the shaft 65 rotating in bearings 66 and 67. The means just described ensure not only the braking for stopping the cabin 6, but also the stabilization of the speed of movement of the cabin.

To this end, a roller 68, driven by friction from one of the cables 8 which pass over the pulley 2.

is coupled to a tachometer dynamo 69, itself connected to a central unit smbolized by the block 70, where the electric voltage delivered by the dynamo 69 is compared to a reference voltage.

The operation of the device described above will be explained below, taking for example the configuration according to FIG. 2, and assuming the presence of braking and speed stabilization means according to FIG. 7. Taking into account the high number of situa As possible, only one cycle will be described by way of nonlimiting example, in order to illustrate the operating principle by highlighting the transfers of water between the various reservoirs 12, 13, 14 and 15.

It is assumed here that initially cabin 6 is stationary, on an intermediate floor of the building, this cabin being occupied by no one. The brake control coil 56 is not supplied, which causes the disc 64 to be clamped between the pads 61 and 62, therefore prohibits any movement of the cabin 6.

If one or more people wish to enter cabin 6, on the floor where it is currently stopped, the call button located on this floor is actuated, which causes the doors to open and allows the person (s) entering the cabin. A push button of the cabin button box is then actuated, which determines a direction of movement (up or down) of cabin 6, and simultaneously causes the doors to close. A weighing system intervenes at this time, to determine the weight of cabin 6, that is to say the total of the dead weight, the weight of the person (s), and the weight of the liquid contained in the reservoir 14. The weighing system, having determined this weight, triggers a water transfer, or several simultaneous water transfers, involving the mobile tanks 14 and / or 15, so as to allow the displacement of the cabin 6 in the controlled direction.

To clarify this process, it is assumed that initially, the cabin 6 being stopped and empty is balanced by the counterweight 7, and that the controlled movement is a descent of the cabin. The addition of charge, resulting from the entry of one or more people inside the cabin 6, causes the solenoid valve 25 to open; a certain body of water then escapes from the tank 14 of the cabin 6 and, through the tubular elements 22, it reaches the low tank 12. Preferably, the solenoid valve 29 opens simultaneously, allowing transfer of a certain mass of water from the high reservoir 13 towards the reservoir 15 of the counterweight 7, through the tubular elements 26. When an imbalance allowing the displacement of the cabin 6 in the direction of descent is obtained, the weighing system controls the closing of the solenoid valves 25 and 29, as well as, via the control unit 70, the release of the brake.

The cabin 6 is then released and its downward movement begins by imbalance of the weights and by inertia, with a certain acceleration. The system comprising the tachometric dynamo 69 and the control box 70 limits the speed to a predetermined reference value , by controlling the brake. Thus, after an acceleration phase, the cabin 6 will continue its descent at a stabilized speed. As a variant, the control of the descent speed of the cabin could also be ensured by liquid transfer.

Approaching the floor corresponding to the first stop of the cabin 6, the movement of the latter is slowed down by progressive braking, and the brake completely immobilizes the cabin when the latter has actually reached this floor. The doors open automatically and allow the person (s) to exit. Thanks to the weighing system, the tank 14 of the cabin 6 and the tank 15 of the counterweight 7 rebalance, pending a new sequence.

During the movement of the cabin 6, and provided that the water in the low tank 12 reaches a determined level, detected by means of a float 71, the lift pump 18 starts to operate and transfers water, to through the conduit 17, from the bottom tank 12 to the top tank 13.

If the maintenance of the installation requires emptying, this is ensured by an additional duct 72, starting from the bottom of the low tank 12 and provided with a valve 73. The filling after emptying, or the addition of supplements possibly necessary water, is done by the upper inlet 19 already mentioned.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the sole embodiments of this device controlling the movement of an elevator car which have been described above, by way of example; on the contrary, all variants designed according to the same principle. It is thus, in particular, that the solenoid valves, rotary valves, non-return valves, can be replaced by any equivalent means or modified as regards their arrangement. It is also possible, without departing from the scope of the invention, to combine the characteristics described above in a few examples differently, for example by using a tank located at mid-stroke according to FIG. 6, in combination with fixed piping with orifices on each stage according to FIG. 4. The invention is also diverse and includes not only elevators, but also freight elevators. Finally, with regard to the power supply of the installation, this can be done either by the electrical current of the network, or by batteries, the latter solution being made possible by the elimination of the usual machinery. and by the use of pumps whose power remains fairly low, at least in the case of medium capacity elevators.

Claims (11)

- CLAIMS - 1. ~ Device controlling the movement of an elevator car by the weight and the transfer of a liquid admitted into several tanks, characterized in that it comprises, in combination - a first fixed tank (12; 12 ') located at the level of the lower bowl (2) or halfway up the elevator; -a second fixed tank (13) located at the level of the upper machinery (3) of the elevator, and connected directly to the first fixed tank (12; 12 ') by a conduit (17; 17') associated with a pump lifting (18.18 ') ;; a first mobile tank (14) carried by the elevator cabin (6), dividers being provided for transferring liquid between the high fixed tank (13) and this first mobile tank (14), as well as between this first mobile tank (14) and; the fixed tank (12; 12 ') located at the bottom or halfway; - a second mobile tank (15) carried by the counterweight (7) of the vacuum cleaner, means being provided for transferring liquid between the top fixed tank (13) and this second mobile tank (15), as well as between this second mobile tank (15) and the fixed tank (12, 12 ') located at the bottom or halfway; and means for controlling the transfers of liquid between the upper tank (13) and the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6), and of the counterweight (7), as well as for controlling the transfers of liquid between the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and of the counterweight (7) and the tank (12; 12 ') located at the bottom or halfway. of liquid between these two tanks (14,15). very average (44 to 47) then controlling transfers 2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that means (42,43) are further provided for directly connecting the respective reservoirs (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7), from at reservolr risé encre that the first / tlxe kl2) is located at the level of the lower bowl (2), and in that the means provided for transferring liquid between the high tank (13) and the respective tanks (14,15? the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7), as well as between these last two tanks (14,15) and the low tank (12), are vertical connections formed by very deformable tubular elements (21,22,26 , 27), moving along vertical guides (23,28). 3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, character 4.- Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first fixed reservoir (12) is located at the level of the lower bowl (2), and in that the means provided for transferring liquid between the upper reservoir ( 13) and the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and of a counterweight (7) are constituted by flexible pipes (21 ′, 26 ′) leading to these last two tanks (14,15) and s ’ winding on a drum (32) with a horizontal axis (33), connected by a rotating rac cord to the top tank (13), while only the means for transferring liquid between the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin ( 6) and the counterweight (7) and the low reservoir (12) are constituted by very deformable tubular elements (22,27). 5.- Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the means for controlling the liquid transfers between the high tank (13) and the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7 ), as well as between these two last reservoirs (14,15) and the low reservoir (12), are constituted by solenoid valves (24 or 24 ', 25 or 25', 29,30) placed on the connections constituted by display elements highly deformable tubulars (21,22,26,27) and / or by flexible hoses (21 ', 26'). 6.- Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first fixed reservoir (12) is located at the level of the lower bowl (2), in that the means provided for transferring liquid between the upper reservoir (15 ) and the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7) are constituted by a fixed piping (34) starting from the high tank (13) and extending downwards with, up to each stage, orifices (36) cooperating with respective receivers (37,38) provided on the tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and of the counterweight (7), and in that the means provided for transferring liquid between the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and of the counterweight (7) and the low tank (12) are constituted by a fixed piping (35) leading to the low tank (12) and extending towards the top with, at the height of each stage, orifices (39) cooperating with respective pourers (40,41) -provided on the tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and counterweight (7). 7.- Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the means for countering the transfer of liquid between the high tank (13) and the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7) comprise rotary valves capable of closing the orifices (36) of the fixed piping (34) starting from the high tank (13), as well as an electric opening control provided on the respective receivers (37,38) of the tanks (14, 15) of the cabin (6) and of the counterweight (7), while the means for controlling the transfers of liquid between these last two tanks (14,15) and the low tank (12) comprise associated electric opening controls to the respective pourers (40,41) of the tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and of the counterweight (7). 8.- Device according to all of claims 2 and 7, characterized in that the means provided for directly connecting the respective reservoirs (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7) consist of two flexible pipes (42,43), while the means controlling the transfers of liquid between these two reservoirs (14,15) comprise, on each of the two aforementioned flexible pipes (42,43), a solenoid valve (44,46) and a non-return valve (45,47). 9.- Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first fixed tank (12 ') is located halfway, in that the means provided for transferring liquid between the high tank (13) and the tanks respective (14,15) of the cabin. (6) and the counterweight (7) are constituted by flexible pipes (48,52), and in that the means provided for transferring liquid between the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7) and the tank if killed halfway (12. ') are constituted by rotary valves (51,55), provided respectively on the tank (14) of the cabin (6) and on the tank (15) of the counterweight (7), and making it possible to pour the water from these two tanks (14,15) into the tank located at the midpoint (12 '), when the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7) are themselves upstairs located halfway. 10.- Device according to claim 9, characterized in ee that the means for controlling the liquid transfers between the high tank (13) and the respective tanks (14,15) of the cabin (6) and the counterweight (7) comprise , on each flexible pipe (48,52), a solenoid valve or a rotary tap (49,53) -as well as a non-return valve (50,54). 11.- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, in the upper machinery (3) where the upper tank is located (13), are provided'deys braking and speed stabilization , associated with the adhesion pulley (9) over which the traction cables (8) pass connecting the cabin (6) to the counterweight (7), these braking means comprising a disc (64) linked in rotation to the shaft ( 65) of said pulley (9), an electromagnet (56,58) controlling, via a hydraulic circuit (60) the brake pads (61,62) which cooperate with the aforementioned disc (64) .