FR2479583A1 - BRUSH HOLDER FOR GENERATORS OF MOTORIZED VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

A. BRUSH HOLDER FOR MOTOR VEHICLE GENERATOR. B. BRUSH HOLDER FOR MOTOR VEHICLE ALTERNATORS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT A BRUSH HOLDER 45 ALSO INCLUDES FIXED CONTACTS 100, 110, 120 TO WHICH CORRESPOND COUNTER-CONTACTS 84, 83, 85 OF A RECTIFIER GROUP 60 INCORPORATED IN THE ALTERNATOR HOUSING. C. THE INVENTION IS INTENDED FOR BRUSH HOLDERS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE ALTERNATORS AND IS OF COMPACT CONSTRUCTION WITH EASY HEAT EXHAUST.

Description

The invention relates to a brush holder for alternating

  motor vehicle engines, comprising a support plate which can be fixed to the alternator housing, which carries, on one of its faces, a sleeve with the wiper blades and brackets for additional fixed contacts, sheath that can be passed through a mounting aperture of the housing, and on the other side of which is fixed a voltage regulator or a terminal device for a voltage regulator, voltage regulator or terminal device whose different terminals pass through the support plate

  and are connected to the fixed contacts. We already know a

  broom (DE-OS 28 30 338) o on both sides of a sleeve for the brushes brushes, a console respectively comes form

  on the support plate, console on which is respectively

  A fixed contact formed of a piece of pressed and folded head is repeatedly riveted. One of the fixed contacts has a contact surface approximately parallel to the support plate and which runs at a distance from this plate and which, when mounting the brush holder in the housing of the generator, comes to rest against an elastic contact tongue of the rectifier group; tongue whose contact surface is

  turned on the side of the mounting aperture of the crankcase

  for the brush holder. This fixed contact connects the regulator

  voltage with the output potential (D +) of the exciter diodes

  the rectifier, while the second contact brings

  potential minus (D-) to the voltage regulator by ground.

  For this purpose, the second fixed contact has an extension which extends against the side wall of the support plate and is electrically connected to a metal fixing sleeve introduced into the support plate. This extension remains inside the generator housing when the brush holder

is mounted on this case.

  The design of the stationary contacts, which enter the generator casing and have contact surfaces running roughly parallel to the sidewalls of the carrier plate, is disadvantageous in that it requires relatively large space, which is strictly measured for generators of this type. The sheath and brackets of the fixed contacts of the brush holder penetrate, in these machines, into a lateral chamber of the rectifier group, substantially in the form of a flange, to which, in many cases and for reasons of construction, it is impossible to give that a width such that it is still possible to accommodate, on both sides of the space remaining free to receive the sheath, a contact tab contact surface

  placed parallel to the side walls of the rectifier group.

  The arrangement according to the invention with the particulars of the main claim has the opposite advantage that the fixed contacts require little space in the plane of the mounting opening of the generator housing and that for conditions of identical constructions, it is therefore possible to house more contacts

  fixed only up to now. In addition, the additional benefit

  that the counter-contact of the rectifier unit corres-

  at the knife-contact of the brush holder, can be designed in the form of a contact by eyelet or in the form of branches of the

  same kind, coming into contact on both sides with the contact-

  knife, which allows to enlarge the surface of contact. Even-

  in addition to the fixed contacts of the execution used

  up to now and next to these, contacts can be arranged

  knives on the support plate of the brush holder.

  The measures listed in the subclaims

  make possible other advantageous designs of the

  position mentioned in the main claim.

  It is advantageous to arrange the knife contacts so that they run at least approximately parallel to the side surfaces of the wiper blades which are at right angles to the support plate. In this way, the knife-contacts do not prohibit the mounting of the brush holder in the generator housing when this door, to allow the insertion of the sleeve with the brushes by the opening of the mounting of the housing of the gexératrice, must

swing relative to this housing.

  If for construction reasons, the knife contact must be arranged in the displacement zone of a riveting tool to fasten the regulator by riveting.

  tension on the support plate of the brush holder, it is

  that the knife contact is formed of a sheet of metal foil with two longitudinal portions offset from one another, one of which carries the contact surfaces and the other of which is connected to a plate of fixed contact

  on the support plate and connected to one of the terminals of the

voltage generator.

  The strip forming the knife contact is, in this case, attached to the brush holder after fixing

  the voltage regulator so that it does not interfere with this process.

worked.

  The proposal to design the fixed contact contacts in the form of space saving contacts opens up the possibility of providing more permanent contacts on the brush holder than heretofore and thus isolating the voltage regulator in bipolar insulation or bring him more

  signals, preferably the "plus" potential of the battery

by the generator (B +).

  The invention will be better understood using the

  description below and the accompanying drawings showing a

  embodiment of the invention, drawings in which - Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a

  alternator of the type "claw poles", for a motor vehicle.

  FIG. 2 is a front view of the holder

  broom of the alternator according to Figure 1, on an enlarged scale.

  - Figure 3 is a view from above of the brush holder

of Figure 2.

  FIG. 4 is a section along line IV-IV

of Figure 3.

  FIG. 5 is a front view of the rectifier group and,

  - Figure 6 is the circuit diagram of the alter-

of Figure 1.

  - Figure 7 shows the rear of the brush holder with its boundary device for a voltage regulator

disposed at another place.

  The alternator comprises a stator 10 which carries a

  three-phase winding 12 and against which are clamped two shells

  casings 14 and 16 by means of tie rods 18. In the bottoms of the shells 14, 16 are housed bearings 20 and 22 in which a driven shaft 24 pivots, via a grooved pulley, not shown, by the combustion engine of the vehicle. The shaft 24 carries a fan blade 26 and a pole wheel 28 which consists of two flanges 30 and 32 with claw pins and an electromagnet 34, with excitation coil 35, clamped between the two. On the shaft 24 are further secured, with isolation, two rings 36 and 38 connected to the two terminals of the excitation coil 35. Between the ring 36 and the flange plate flange 32, a flange 40 made of plastic, having a axial annular groove 42 in its front face.

  The end of the ring 36 is mounted to the press on the shaft 24.

  On the rings 36 and 38 lie the brooms-rubs

  43 and 44 guided, with possibility of sliding, and

  held in a sleeve-45 of a brush holder 46. On the holder

  broom 46 has formed a support plate 48 fixed externally

  the housing part 16 and sealingly closing a mounting opening 50 of this housing part. In this

  purpose, the support plate 48 has a reinforcing

  52 (FIGS. 2 and 3) which, fitting into the mounting aperture 50, engages an O-ring 54 at its periphery which bears against the wall of the mounting aperture 50. The O-ring 54 is guided and held in an annular groove 56 of the reinforcing booster 52 of the support plate 48. This provision to this element design

  seal makes it easy to tilt the door

  broom 46 in the crankcase mounting aperture at the time of assembly without fear of slipping or warping

of this sealing element.

  At the bottom of the casing part 16 is internally fixed

  A rectifier group 60 comprises a plastic-shaped flange 61 and three sector-shaped supports 62, 63, 64 which are attached thereto for the rectifier diodes. FIG. 1 shows the rectifier group 60 along the section line II of FIG. 5. At the support plate 62 are fixed six "Plus" diodes 66 and an additional diode 67. On the support plate 63, there are three diodes Exciter 68 and on the support plate 64 are fixed six "minus" diodes 69 and an additional diode 70. The coupling of the diodes, visible in FIG. 6, is known and is therefore not explained further. At the support plate 62 is fixed a threaded spindle 72 for connecting the "Plus" pole of the battery (B +) that the alternator must supply. On the plate 63, there is a

  threaded spindle 73 which serves as a terminal for the excitation of

  ternator (D +). To the support plate 64 is fixed a spindle

  74 to which the "minus" pole of the battery (D-) can be connected. The three threaded pins 72, 73, 74 pass through the bottom of the housing part 16 towards the outside and

with insulation.

  The base 61 of the rectifier group 60 has a bore 76 through which the shaft 24 can pass with a certain clearance. This bore 76 comprises an axial collar 77, sector-shaped, which is housed, having a slight radial clearance , in the annular groove 42 of the flange 40. On the other side, the base 61 comprises a collar 78 whose front edge carries a sealing member 79 which bears against the bottom of the part 16 of the housing. The collar 78 surrounds a keyhole-shaped space 80 in which the rings 36, 38 are housed at the top and the brush holder 46 at the bottom. The space 80 is closed to

  prevent dust from entering the internal space

  both of the alternator casing and outside by the sealing element 79 surle neck 78, the labyrinth seal formed in the annular groove 42 of the flange 40 and the O-ring 54 of the support plate 48

Brush holder 46.

  The space 80 widens downwards and towards the sides, so that in addition to the middle zone which remains free for the sheath, already mentioned, 45 of the brush holder 46, there are still two zones lateral zones 81 and 82. In these lateral zones 81 and 82, contact elements 83, 84, 85 are arranged which collaborate with the fixed contacts situated on

  the brush holder 46 and that must still be described later.

  The contact layers 83, 84, 85 are formed of interconnected strips, so that the terminals and diodes of the rectifier can be seen in FIG. The contact elements 83 and 85 are perpendicular to the base plane of the base 61, are

  folded in the shape of a hairpin and are seized and now

  naked in bosses 86, in the form of a block, of the base 61.

  The element 84 is a U-shaped stirrup whose folding axis is parallel to the base plane of the base 61 and whose rear branch is riveted to the base 61. The front branch of the element 84 forms an elastic contact tongue which can move freely and perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and which, when the brush holder 46 is not mounted, is slightly

forward bias.

  The alternator comprises an electronic voltage regulator 90 fixed, by means of two rivets 91, to the face, opposite the inside of the housing, of the support plate 48.

  of the brush holder 46. Between the support plate 48 and the regulator

  Voltage transformer 90 is attached to a cooling plate 92 which has four flaps on the edge, disposed on the periphery of the housing of the voltage regulator 90, which move away from the

  support plate 48 and evacuate the heat in the ambient air.

  The voltage regulator 90 is connected, in the manner described below, to the contact elements 83, 84, 85 and

brooms-rubbers 43, 44.

  For this purpose, the voltage regulator 90 has three terminals designed as contact pins 94, 95, 96 and a third terminal formed from a strip, no

  visible on the drawing, the four terminals passing through

  The pin 94 is connected, next to the support plate 48 which is on the inside of the housing, to a stationary contact 97 in t8le stamped and folded, fixed by a rivet 98 to a console 99, provided on the side of the sleeve of the brush holder 46. The fixed contact 97 door to sh folded free end portion, a contact grain 100 which, when mounting the brush holder 46, bears against the element 84 forming contact and designed in the form of tongue, the group

rectifier 60.

  The pin 84 of the voltage regulator 90 is connected to a piece of head 101 fixed by a rivet 103 to a second bracket 102 of the brush holder 46. This piece of metal 101 has a lateral extension 106 whose free end is bent. 107 is welded to a strip 108 which is detached from the support plate 48. This strip 108 is counter-bent and thus has two longitudinal portions 109 and 110 offset relative to each other. The longitudinal portion 109 is connected to the lateral extension 106 of the strip 101 and further anchored in the support plate 48 by its free end. The longitudinal portion 110 forms a knife contact having two contact surfaces opposite to each other 112 which, when mounting the brush holder 46 in the housing of the alternator, are placed by tilting between the two branches of the element 83 and make contact with the terminal 74 and the

diodes "minus 69" of the rectifier.

  The third contact pin 96 of the voltage regulator 90 is electrically connected to a plate 114 which rests on the upper face of the bracket 99 and is fixed thereto by the rivet 98. To avoid a short circuit between the plates 114 and 97 there is placed under the head of the rivet 98 an insulating washer 115 and around its ft an insulating sleeve 116. Of course, it is also possible to avoid a short circuit in another way

  for example by fixing the plate 114 to another part of the holder

  broom 46. The plate 114 has a lateral extension 117

  whose free end 118 is bent to a sheet of paper

  bacon 119 which has a symmetrical force of the strip 108 and which

  rests in the support plate 48 and forms, like the sheet

  bacon 108, a knife contact 120. When mounting the holder

  Brush 46, the knife contact 120 is swung into the element of the rectifier group 60 and makes a connection of the regulator 90 with the terminal 72 for the p8le "plus" of the battery (battery sensing). The fourth terminal, not visible in the drawing, of the voltage regulator 90 corresponds to the control terminal usually referred to as DF, as shown in FIG. 60. This terminal is connected to the brush 44 and forms at its free end, FIG. contact that comes to cover the back

  the brush channel in the sleeve 45, which presses the resistor

  comes out of the brooms and is welded to the strand 122 of the brooms.

  The other blade 43 is welded via a strand 124, to a contact plate 125 formed integrally with the plate 97

  and which connects the brush 43 to pin 94 of the voltage regulator

  90. The mounting of the voltage regulator itself is of no particular importance in this case and is therefore not exposed. The voltage regulator maintains constant, as usual, the output voltage of the alternator by a more or less frequent and more or less long circuiting

the intensity of excitation.

  In order to be able to connect, for example by welding, the terminals 94, 95, 96 of the voltage regulator 90, already before it is mounted on the doorbags, with the plate parts 97, 101, 114 which form the fixed contacts, support plate 48 has two edge recesses 126 and 128 which go to the holes of the pins 94, 95, 96 and which, after mounting of the voltage regulator are closed by parts

  adaptation 130, 132 which are housed there. Because of the counter

  Bending the strips 108 and 119, the folded free ends 107, 118 of the sheet pieces 101 and 114 are at a greater

  distance from one another than the knife contacts 110 and 120.

  This has the advantage that it is possible to steer on the support plate 48 the voltage regulator 90 before inserting and welding the strips 108 and 119, without its

parts can be an obstacle.

  When mounting the brush holder 46 in the housing

  of the alternator, it is first necessary to introduce,

  broom being at an angle, the brooms through the mounting aperture 50 of the casing, then we have to tilt the broom holder to put it

  in the intended position. In this operation, contacts-

  knives 110 and 120 are automatically housed in

  forming in the elements 83 and 85 of the rectifier group 60. In

  same time the grain 100 comes to rest against the elastic tongue.

  of element 84, so that one automatically realizes

  all the connections between the rectifying group and the

  voltage tester. The knife contacts 110 and 120 do not require

  In the plane of the mounting aperture 50, there is little room, so that it is convenient to accommodate them in addition to the connection of the contacts 100, 84. It is then possible advantageously to use the increased number of connections in the field. 'object of the request

  patent, to connect the voltage regulator 90 to the

  with a bipolar isolation (links 83, 95) and more to analyze another signal with the potential "plus" of the battery (connections 85, 96, battery sensing / detection of the

battery charge).

  The brush holder of FIG. 7 comprises, on the

  outer face, opposite to the inside of the housing of the alter-

  of its support plate 140, a terminal device for a voltage regulator which is at another location

  of the alternator. This device consists of three contacts-

  knives 142, 144, 146 connected to the fixed contacts which are

  wind on the other side of the support plate 140 and two axial bosses 148 and 150 integrally formed on the support plate and surrounding a space forming a female connector

  152 for a male connector of the control connection cable

  voltage generator. To ensure the connector, there is provided a wire stirrup 154 housed in the reinforcements 156 of the

  bosses 148 and 150 and having a middle portion 158 slightly

  curved shape, which can be tilted behind

  a shoulder of the connector once plugged.

Claims (1)

R E V E N D I C A T IO N S   ) Brush holder for motor vehicle alternators, comprising a support plate that can be fixed to the alternator housing, which carries, on one of its faces, a sleeve with the wiper blades and brackets for additional fixed contacts, sleeve that can be passed through a housing mounting opening, and on the other side of which is fixed a voltage regulator or a terminal device for a voltage regulator,   voltage regulator or terminal device whose differences   The terminals pass through the support plate and are connected to the fixed contacts which, when the support plate is mounted on the housing of the alternator, come into contact with counter contacts of a rectifier group disposed in the housing. of the generator, characterized in that at least one   fixed contact (110, 120) is designed as a knife contact   singing, at least approximately perpendicular, of the support plate (48).   Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that the at least one knife contact (110, 120) runs at least approximately parallel to the side surfaces of the brushes (43, 44) which are at right angles to the support plate.   Brush holder according to one of claims 1   o 2, characterized in that the knife contact is formed of a   strapping (108) against bent and having two portions lon-   g10, 110), one of which (110) carries the contact surfaces (112) and the other (109) is connected to a plate (101) attached to the wafer support (48) and itself connected to one of the terminals (95) of the regulator voltage (90).   Brush holder according to claim 3, characterized   in that the end portion (109), opposite to the contact surfaces (112), of the strip (108) is additionally anchored in the support plate (48).   ) Brush holder with the descriptive   claim 1 and in particular according to one of the claims   tions, characterized in that at least one contact   fixed on the support plate (48), preferably a   Knife (110) is used to realize the connection, with isolation, of the voltage regulator and the potential "minus" (D-) of the rectifier group (60).   ) Brush holder with the descriptive statements of claim 1 and in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fixed contact of the brush holder (46), preferably a knife contact (120) serves to connect the voltage regulator (90) to the 'plus' terminal   battery pack (B +) of the rectifier group (60).   ) Brush holder with the descriptive   the claim and in particular one of the claims   characterized in that between the support plate (48) of the voltage regulator (90) is clamped a cooling head (92) which has on the edge a plurality of flaps (93) distributed around the periphery of the voltage regulator ( 90) and folded down from the support plate (48) and by moving away from it.