FR2478178A1 - CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR A PIVOTING DOOR LOCKING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

A first force-measuring element (19) is arranged in the motor housing (48) of the motor drive for the door. The force-measuring element (19) is subjected to a force fM which corresponds to part of the swing moment between the support plate (45) and the motor housing (48). A second force-measuring element (26) is arranged in the door (44), and wires (60) lead from it to a circuitboard (61), to which the first force-measuring element (19) is also connected. The second force-measuring element (26) is exposed to the air-pressure difference between the inside of the door and the outside of the door. When the door is pushed open, the signals emitted by the two force-measuring elements are compared and the motor drive is put into operation. This ensures that the door cannot be opened by wind force, but can nevertheless be pushed open easily.

Description

 The invention relates to a control circuit for a locking system of a door mounted in a door frame and movable transversely to its plane, the locking system being supported between the door and its frame and capable of receiving. of a control signal switch to a position releasing the movement of the door and actively causing it to open.

Locking systems of various categories are known. These can be door locks with electromagnetic control in the simplest case (US PS 3 392 380) or door controls with one.

motor, in particular an electric motor (US PS 3 497 995). These systems keep a door closed until they receive a command signal.

 This control signal is generally produced by a passage detector which can have the configuration of a handle contact (DE AS 23 26 962), of a contact mat (US PS 3 039 764), of a photoelectric barrier, radar system or similar devices.

 The disadvantage of a handle contact is that you have to touch a well-defined point with your hand. It is frequently observed that people press on the door siding outside the handle. There is therefore a risk that such handle contacts are not actuated, by carelessness of the users, in the manner provided, the user colliding with the door which remains closed. We also studied impulse automation, a short impulse applied to the door triggering the automatic opening of the door (DE Gm 77 06 962). The disadvantage of these systems is that the control circuit cannot distinguish between the thrust exerted by a person on the door and that which the air can exert. Each air current accidentally opens the door and it no longer fulfills its main role of protecting from the wind.

The other people detectors react only to the mere presence of a person or to their movement, but they require a so-called detection zone in front and behind the door, which must be arranged in such a way that it can only be crossed by people who want to pass. This requires a lot of space and the installation itself incurs high assembly costs. Because of these essential detection zones, such systems cannot be used for doors located directly in the vicinity of a passageway located in front of them. Thus, the doors lining the corridors of hospitals cannot be equipped with self-opening facilities, although this system would in this case be useful.

The object of the invention is, therefore, the
creation of a control circuit of the type mentioned at the beginning, which guarantees that the door will not open under the effect of air, but that it will open by a simple operation carried out without possible error by a person , without any detection zone being essential in the vicinity of the door.

The invention solves this problem by the fact that in the kinematics of connection between the door frame, the locking system and a part of the door which can be supported by this system, is mounted a first dynamometric sensor delivering a proportional measurement signal to this force, by the fact that a second measurement sensor is mounted on the door and delivers a signal proportional to the force resulting from the difference in air pressure on the outside face of the door and on its inside face and acting on part of the surface of the door, by the fact that a comparator circuit is provided, the output signal of which is proportional to the difference of the measurement signal and the signal U2, and finally by the fact that at the output of the comparator circuit, a contactor with an engagement threshold is connected, delivering the control signal when a threshold value, which may otherwise be given in advance, of the aforementioned output signal, is exceeded.

The control circuit according to the invention makes it possible to distinguish, thanks to the measurement of the forces, whether a person exerts a pressure or a traction on the door or if the only air acts on it. The fundamental criterion corresponding to this difference is that an air pressure resulting from the difference of the pressures exerted on the inside side and the outside side always acts on the two dynamometric detectors in a predetermined way with precision, whereas qu 'a person cannot do that. The advantage presented by the invention is therefore that the control signal necessary for the liberation of the movement of the door is triggered by a simple pulse applied at any point of the door, the action of the wind or of a current d air cannot, however, cause this tripping.

 When the locking system has the conformation of a door locking, it is advantageous that the door can be equipped with a door closer, (for example a spring door closer) with a relatively low setting, because the door lock guarantees, even under the action of strong air currents, a secure closing position. A person, on the other hand, can open the door as if there were no lock, because this lock opens automatically as soon as a person (or even a pet) acts at any point to open the door. Furthermore, to open, the effort to be exerted is low due to the choice of a reduced taring door closer.

 When the locking device is configured as a door control, the "impulse release" here also represents an advantage in terms of comfort, which can be used even on entry doors located directly near a public passage. The door controls are mostly designed so that once the door is opened, it can close after a predetermined time. If at this moment a person is still in the vicinity of the door hinge, the door contact closing with this person has the value of "impulse triggering" and the door control is reversed on "opening". It is particularly advantageous that this safety reversal can be caused by any obstacle (man, child, animal, etc.) regardless of the location of the door affected by this obstacle.

Since, according to the invention, the threshold value is adjustable, it is possible to take into account individually, according to the given conditions, the various forces which can act on the closed door. The control circuit is therefore adaptable to each use case.

 The invention is characterized in that in the kinematic chain, is mounted an elastic support element developing a thrust not applying to the first dynamometric sensor and by the fact that the force component is adjustable by the element d 'support. This measurement is used to adjust the optimal working range (and depending on the conditions of use) of the first load cell.

An advantageous form of the invention applied to a door lock is characterized in that the slide body intended for the bolt is mounted, with the possibility of limited pivoting, on a support which can be fixed on the door or on the frame. door, and by the fact that the dynamometric sensor detecting the oscillating torque between the support and the slide body is placed next to the pivot. The invention further provides that the support element is disposed horizontally next to the pivot and takes support between the support and the slide body, and that the first and second load cells are fixed to the support on which are also mounted. the comparator circuit and the contactor at the switch-on threshold.

 Another advantageous form of the invention applied to a door lock is characterized in that the slide body intended for the bolt is mounted, with the possibility of limited pivoting, on a support which can be fixed on the door or on the door frame, and by the fact that the dynamometric sensor detecting the oscillating torque between the support and the slide body is arranged next to the pivot. The invention further provides that the support element is disposed horizontally next to the pivot and takes support between the support and the slide body, and that the first and second load cells are fixed to the support on which are also mounted. the comparator circuit and the contactor at the switch-on threshold.

Another advantageous form of the invention applied to a door control is characterized by the fact that there is provided a housing in which is mounted a receiving shaft which can be driven by a motor, coupled receiving shaft, from the drive point of view, the door or the door frame, the casing being mounted with the possibility of limited pivoting on a support plate which can be installed on the door frame or on the door, the first dynamometric sensor detecting the oscillating torque between the plate -support and the housing being disposed next to the pivot.

 The invention further provides that the support element is arranged horizontally next to the pivot and takes support between the support plate and the casing, and that the first dynamometric sensor is fixed to the crankcase of the engine in which the comparator circuit and the contactor with switch-on threshold.

In the following, the invention is described in more detail with the aid of exemplary embodiments illustrated by figures. These represent:
Fig. 1, a sectional view of the locking system of
door according to the invention
Fig. 2, an assembly diagram of the control circuit according to the invention
Fig. 3, a door drive member according to the invention, in schematic view.

 On the closing side of a door 1, a support 3 is fixed in a housing 2 in a manner not shown in detail (by means of screws for example). On the support 3, a pivot 4 rests on which is mounted, with the possibility of limited pivoting, a slide body 5 intended for a bolt 6. In the slide body 5, there is a coil 7 which, when the current flows, recalls the bolt 7 in the unlocked position against the action of a spring 8. In the locked position in which it is shown, the bolt 6 is engaged at the rear of a baffle 9 a keeper It fixed in the usual way to the frame 10 of the door. The support 3 and the slide body 5 are covered cylindrically by a cover 12.

 At a greater radial distance from the pivot 4, a guide sleeve 13 guiding a support spring 14 and a support block 15 is formed in the support 3. The support block 15 is at contact, by its inclined front surface, of an adjustment key 16 which, by means of an adjustment screw 17 accessible from the facing of the door, can be positioned transversely and is guided in a transverse housing 18 of the support 3 The adjusting screw 17 therefore makes it possible to adjust the thrust FF that the support spring 14 exerts on the slide body 5.

 In the kinematic channel, is mounted, parallel to this device, a first torque sensor 19.

It is, for example, a semiconductor component of the transistor type, the upper part of the bolier made of a membrane. Such a component, which bears the name of PITRAM, is described, as well as some examples of its assembly and its use, in the review "Industrie - Electrik - Electronik", number 5, 1970, pages 102 to 104. This dynamometric sensor 19 is inserted into a bore 20 made in the support 3 parallel to the guide sleeve 13, and its pressure-sensitive membrane is radially in contact with the slide body 5, near the pivot 4. The two faces of the membrane must be subjected to the same pressure of the outside air so that the force corresponding to the oscillating torque between the support 3 and the slide body 5 is exclusively measured. For this purpose, there is provided, next to the bore 20, a another hole 21 by which the pressure balancing takes place. The connection wires 22 of the coil 7 can pass through this bore 21 to reach a plate 23 on which the essential electrical circuits are arranged. This plate 23 is mounted in an empty space 24 reserved between the support 3 and the cover 12.

In the housing 25 of the support 3 leading to the external facing, a second dynamometric sensor 26 is fixed which can be, for example, of the same category as the first dynamometric sensor 19. The front face of its membrane is oriented directly towards the external facing of the door and the rear face of this membrane communicate with the interior facing of the door by means of the recess 25, of the empty space 24, of an opening 27 made in the cover 12 and of a transverse drilling 28 practiced in the door 1.The membrane is therefore, depending on its surface, subjected to a thrust fW resulting from the difference in air pressures acting on the interior facing and on the exterior facing of the door, a plate of sealing 29 preventing the pressure balance between the exterior facing of the door and the empty space 24. To improve the presentation, a decorative socket 30 can be mounted in the transverse bore 29.

When the door is locked in its closed position, different forces act. Thus, for example, a rubber seal 31 exerts a force FD and that in the same direction (FIG. 1), the wind pressure acts with a force FW on the total surface of the door. When a spring door closer is provided, it exerts a closing torque represented by the force acting on the door 1, a force which obviously acts in the opposite direction to the force FD; Since the bolt 6 bears against the bulkhead 9, the sum of these two forces generates an oscillating torque on the slide body 5, a torque which acts on this slide body against the thrust FF of the support spring 14 and against the reaction of the dynamometric sensor 19. The sum of the forces FW + FD - FS - FF is translated, taking account of the ratios.

ports of the lever arms, by a force fM which the dynamometric sensor transforms into a proportional measurement signal U1, which will be further discussed in the description illustrated in FIG. 2.

The lever arm ratios, differing in reality for each force, will for simplicity be represented by a transformation factor v. Equation 1 will then be = = v. (Fw + FD - F3 - FF)
it is now necessary to describe the control system which is the subject of the. Figure 2. The load cells 19 and 26 are represented by graphical symbols. They are connected according to the known technique of a differential amplifier. Control components normally required for mounting, will therefore be cited only as the supply 32, (which provides the operating voltages + UBI, UB1 and UB2), the transistor 33 (which keeps the overall current constant through the load cells 19 , 26), as well as the basic resistance 34, with which balancing is carried out.

 The collector terminals 35, 36 of the load cells 19, 26 are connected to the input terminals 37, 38 of a comparator circuit 39 (also called differential amplifier). Differential amplifiers are known electronic components; an arrangement of this category is, for example, explained in the review "Electronik", 1970, number 11, page 402. The output voltage UA collected at output 40 of this comparator circuit 39 is proportional to the difference of the two voltages input U1 and U2.

U1 is the measurement signal which, with a gain factor v ', is proportional to the force fM appearing in equation 1. U2 is the signal which, with a gain factor v ", is proportional to the force fv measured by the load cell 26.

So we can write
U1 = v '. v. (FW + FD - FS - FF) or
U1 = v'.v. FW + v'.v. (FD - Fs - FF) and
U2 = v "-fW
The circuit must be designed and balanced, mechanically and electronically, so that the condition is fulfilled
v'.v. FW = v fW
With UA = U1 - U2, we thus obtain :: UA = v'.v. (FD - Fs - FF)
The output voltage UA therefore takes a characteristic value for the door closing position independent of the air pressure conditions to which the door is subjected, since the force FW and the measured air pressure fW always vary identically and therefore have no influence on the output voltage UA.

 At output 40 (FIG. 2) is connected a trigger threshold selector 41 which does not deliver at its output 42 a control signal Us until UA has exceeded a predetermined threshold. This threshold is preferably adjustable so as to allow adaptation to the forces Fs and FD, which depend on the type of the door, as well as the adjustment of FF. The threshold is to be adjusted so that it is above the output voltage UA which is established as a function of the forces described above.

When a person exerts on the door 1 as in FIG. 1 an effort F (by pushing or ti
p as), AU increases due to the relation
UA = v '.v. FD - Fs - FF) + v'.v.Fp
As soon as Fp has become large enough for Ua to exceed the adjustment threshold, the threshold selector 41 sends its control signal Us to a power stage 43 which then supplies current to the coil 7.

The bolt 6 is then recalled and the door can pivot.

 FIG. 3 shows, on an example of an electro-mechanical door control, the arrangement of the dynamometric sensors for producing the control circuit provided by the invention for this use case. The configuration of a motor and the associated reduction gear being known per se, the representation of these organs will only be schematic.

 On a door 44, a support plate 45 is fixed, for example by screws 46. On the support plate 45, a pivot 47 is mounted on which a motor housing 48 is articulated. On the opposite end of the plate -support 45, is mounted identically another pivot 49 on which is mounted the motor housing 48 by an oblong opening 50. This conformation serves to limit pivoting. Furthermore, a support spring 52 is guided in a bore 51 of the casing 48, a spring bearing on the one hand on a support plate 53 screwed into the casing 48 and adjustable in position, and on the other hand on a support plate 45. Near the pivot 47, a first dynamometric sensor 19 ′, which corresponds to the sensor 19 in FIGS. 1 and 2, is inserted in a hole 54 in the bottom 55 of the motor housing. This dynamometric sensor is subjected to a force 9 corresponding to a component of the torque exerted between the support plate 45 and the casing 48.

 The other dynamometric sensor 26 'is plugged into a socket 56 fixed in a hole 57 in the door 44. This hole 57 corresponds to the holes 58 and 59 made in the support plate 45 and in the bottom 55 of the casing. Through this channel, the connection wires 60 of the dynamometric sensor 26 'reach a plate 61 disposed in the casing 48, plate to which the first dynamometric sensor 19' is also connected.

 The dynamometric sensor 26 ′ is subjected to the difference in air pressure existing between the interior side of the door and the exterior side and its membrane is subjected to the thrust fW as a function of its surface. The same air pressure exerts on the door as a function of the total surface of the latter a thrust Fw. In the same direction, also acts, for example, the thrust FD of a joint 62.

 In the housing 48, are mounted an electric motor and the receiving shaft 64 which it drives by means of a reduction gear 63. This receiving shaft is connected in the usual way to a closing linkage 65 in two parts which, by its other end is hingedly mounted on a support 67 fixed to the frame 66 of the door.

 The control circuit of FIG. 2 can, in turn, be transferred to the door control of FIG. 3. The dynamometric sensors 19 'and 26' and the motor 7 'replace in FIG. 3 the dynamometric sensors 19 and 26 and the coil 7.

 The power stage 43 of FIG. 2 must receive, as a function of the modified receiver, the known conformation per se of a motor control which, the control signal Us being lacking, controls the motor 7 so that the control door exerts on the open door 14 a closing torque until it has reached the closed position in which it is shown. In this closed position, the receiving shaft 64 must then be locked mechanically or electromagnetically (for example using a limit switch). It is important that the control does not exert any permanent clamping pressure, because the dynamometric sensor 19 'would only measure a thrust corresponding to this clamping pressure, therefore a practically constant thrust. On the contrary, the door control must so lock the door 44 in a predetermined closed position.

In the case of present employment, therefore, the power relationships already explained with Figure 1 come into play and the law expressed by equation 2 also applies;
If therefore a person exerts an effort
F at any point of the door 44 locked by means of the door control, the initial voltage UA increases and, as soon as it has exceeded the setting threshold, the control signal US reaches the power stage 43 conformed to motor control, which causes the motor 7 ′ to invert in the direction of an automatic door opening.

 It is known that the motor control can be constructed in such a way that it switches to closing after a predetermined time has elapsed after opening. During the closing phase, practically the same laws intervene; however, instead of the thrust FD of the joint 62, the friction force (directed in the same direction) of the hinges acts, as well as the slowing effect due to the mass of the door. The force of the wind Fw, however, does not intervene at the signal plane. The friction force being generally less than the thrust FD of the seal which acts in the closed position, there is established in the control circuit of the rant the process of closing the door an output voltage UA being first of all a a little more below the threshold than it will be later when the door is closed. If the door encounters an obstacle during its closing movement, there is an increase in fM to which no increase in fwe corresponds. however as a trigger criterion. UA therefore increases and as soon as this voltage exceeds the threshold, the motor control again receives the signal Us. The door control immediately stops door 44 and opens it again.

 Let us observe that on the principle exposed, a curity with impulse "can also be built, which stops the motor when the door while opening meets an obstacle. For the kinematics acting in opposite direction, it is only necessary to hold account of the arrangement of the load cells.

 Although the invention has been explained by taking the case of pivoting doors, it can find use for any door which, from its closed position, performs a directed movement practically transversely to its plane. It can be for example a door which moves by erasing parallel to itself. The control circuit can also be carried out with hydraulic or pneumatic control components and use dynamometric sensors and motor members related to these components.

Claims (9)

1) Control circuit for a locking system of a door mounted in a door frame and movable transversely with respect to its plane, the locking system being supported between the door and its frame and capable of receiving a signal switch to a position releasing the movement of the door and actively causing it to open, characterized in that in the connection kinematics between the door frame (10, 66), the locking system and a part of the door (1, 44) which can be supported by this system, is mounted a first dynamometric sensor (19, 19 ') delivering a measurement signal (U1) proportional to this force, by the fact that a second measurement sensor (26, 26 ') is mounted on the door (1, 44) and delivers a signal (U2) proportional to the force (fi) resulting from the difference in air pressure on the outside face of the door and on its inside face and acting on a part of the surface of the door, by the fact that a comparator circuit (39) is provided, the output signal (Ua) of which is proportional to the difference of the measurement signal (U1) and the signal (U2), and finally by the fact that at the output (40) of the comparator circuit (39), a contactor with an engagement threshold (41) is connected, delivering the control signal (Us) when a threshold value, which can be given in advance, of the signal is exceeded. abovementioned outlet (UA). 2) control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the threshold value to which responds the switch to the switching threshold (41) is adjustable. 3) control circuit according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the kinematic chain, is mounted an elastic support element (14, 52) developing a thrust not applying to the first dynamometric sensor (19, 19 ') and by the fact that the force component is adjustable by the support element. 4) Control circuit according to one of the preceding claims, for a locking system configured as a door lock to be opened electromagnetically, characterized in that the slide body - (5) intended for the bolt (6) is mounted with possibility a limited pivoting on a support (3) which can be fixed on the door (1) or on the door frame, and by the fact that the dynamometric sensor (19) detecting the oscillating torque between the support (3) and the slide body (5) is arranged next to the pivot (4). 5) control circuit according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the support element (14) is arranged horizontally next to the pivot (4) and bears between the support (3) and the slide body (5). 6) Control circuit according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the first and second load cells (19, 26) are fixed to the support (3) on which the comparator circuit (39) is also mounted and the latching switch (41). 7) control circuit according to one of claims 1 to 3, for a locking system configured in door control, characterized in that there is provided a housing (48) in which is mounted a receiving shaft (64) can be driven by a motor (7 '), receiving shaft coupled from the drive point of view to the door or the door frame (66), the casing (48) being mounted, with the possibility of limited pivoting. on a support plate (45) which can be installed on the door frame or on the door (44), the first torque sensor (19 ') detecting the oscillating torque between the support plate (45) and the casing (48) being disposed next to the pivot (47). 8) control circuit according to one of claims 3 and 7, characterized in that the support element (52) is arranged horizontally next to the pivot (47) and bears between the support plate (45) and the housing (48). 9) Control circuit according to claim 8, ca characterized by the fact that the first dynamometric sensor (19 ') is fixed to the motor housing (48) in which the comparator circuit (39) and the threshold contactor are also arranged. 'engagement (41).