FR2476266A1 - FLEXIBLE PIPE, IN PARTICULAR FOR SUPPORT IN THE OPERATION OF UNDERGROUND MINES - Google Patents

Abstract

THIS FLEXIBLE WOVEN PIPE 12, PERMEABLE TO WATER, VERY RESISTANT, WHICH IS FILLED WITH CONCRETE 14, AFTER THE CONCRETE HARDENED, BONDS BY FRICTION AND BY INTERPENETRATION THE SUPPORT AND THE GROUND AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT IT IS WOVEN WITHOUT SEWING FROM CHEMICAL FIBERS WITH A BREAKING RESISTANCE OF 70CNTEX. AND THAT IT CONTAINS A WATER-RESISTANT PRIMER. PREFERREDLY, AT LEAST TWO SEAMLESS FABRIC PIPES ARE STRONGLY BONDED TO THEM. USE OF THIS PIPE FOR THE SUPPORT OF GALLERIES IN UNDERGROUND MINING FOR EXAMPLE.

Description

Flexible pipe, in particular for the operation of

underground mines.

  The present invention relates to a water-permeable fabric hose made from high-strength chemical fibers, particularly for mining underground mines, where after being filled with a hardening and hardening filler of it, it constitutes a bond by friction and interpenetration

  between the support and the ground.

  A pipe of this type is known from German Patent Application No. 26 27 256. The known pipe must be placed folded in the profile of the retaining arches, mounted beforehand, so as to open in a fan during filling with a hydraulic filling agent, for example concrete,

  sealing mortar or the like, and to be filled in

  the existing space between the retaining arches and the lot line. As a result of the water permeability of the fabric, the fluid of the hydraulic filler can be discharged out through the wall of the pipe without a loss of binding agents, thereby hardening process of the filler should be accelerated and already after a short time, a sufficiently high initial resistance, by

  example of 40 to 50daN / cm, can be obtained.

  The expression "high-strength chemical fibers" should be understood to mean wet-spun, dry, or in particular melt-spun fibers, of synthetic polymers, for example polyamides or polyesters, with resistance to breakage. fibers, in general in the form of

  endless filament yarns, which may be at least 65 cN / tex.

  German Patent No. 26 27 256 speaks of poly

  high strength ethylene terephthalate as the appropriate material

  required for pipes up to about

  cm (i.e. endless filament yarns).

  Tests with known pipes have shown that both for use with a diameter substantially greater than 4 meters and for a pipe diameter of about 23 cm, increasingly severe conditions are to be satisfied both for the textile material of the pipe only for the construction of the pipe and its finishing, for a hand to give a resistance

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  sufficiently high to the pipe which allows to fill it without danger and to ensure a sufficient function of soutimn during the hardening phase of -the material, and secondly, to ensure correct sizes of pores that actually pass-the liquid but no solids filler product outward through the wall

of the pipe.

  In addition, it has been found that even in the course of a particularly careful work on long galleries, the rocking can not be carried out exactly in such a way that the waist line is at all points unless

  about 20 cm above the retaining arches. In part-

  in galleries with faults, we arrive indefinitely

  finely to large intermediate spaces on which the pipe after its filling can not be applied by effect

  its weight and mechanical action on the ground.

  In order to be able to solve the problem of such surplus doltages, it is appropriate to use

  precautionary measure for pipes with a particular diameter

  tall. Pipes of this type, which require large amounts of chemical fibers, are expensive to manufacture and during their embedding they result in a need for a very high filling product, because

  the pipe must be completely filled in all points.

  The problem of the present invention is to obviate the drawbacks mentioned for known pipes and to provide flexible hoses for supporting tunnels, tunnels or the like for large diameter arches and / or for the large diameter of the pipe, can be filled without difficulty and that can fulfill their support function even for an excess - unpredictable

  without having to be overdimensioned.

  This problem is solved according to the present invention

  with flexible hoses of the type mentioned at the beginning,

  characterized in that this pipe, consisting of chemical fibers having a breaking strength of at least 70 cN / tex, is seamlessly woven and has a durable finish

  water partly obstructing the pores of the tissue.

  As chemical fibers with resistance to

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  at least 70 cN / tex, known polyester filament yarns can be used, particularly polyethylene terephthalate yarns having a tensile strength

at least 73 cN / tex.

  If the flexible pipe according to the present invention is to be used in underground mining) o severe safety conditions regarding fire behavior and surface electrical resistance are established, a polyamide fiber pipe is recommended, in particular a pipe in polyhexamethylene-adipamide filament yarn

  having a breaking strength of at least 73 cN / tex.

  So that the pipe during the filling process on the one hand can be placed in the profile of previously mounted retaining arches, and on the other hand adapt as well as possible to the irregular profile of the waist line, the Pipe according to the present invention is preferably made of chemical fibers having an elongation at break of at least 19%. For the behavior of the pipe during the filling process (until hardening of the filler), chemical fibers having a reference elongation of at least 12% for a load of 48 cN / tex are particularly suitable; having a yarn count of 1880 dtex, particularly suitable for the manufacture of the pipe because of their strength and their water permeability, this reference elongation is determined under a load of 90 N. For a diameter of the pipe up to at approximately 50 cm, polyethylene terephthalate or polyhexamethylene adipamide fibers are generally used, the strength of which can be increased to 100 cN / tex or more, depending on the conditions of polymerization, spinning and drawing. For larger pipe diameters and / or boom arches, which are related to higher filling pressures or larger pipe lengths, the electrical resistance and stability of the pipes can be further increased by the fact that they are made from ropes of polymer fibers mentioned and transformed into heavy rope fabric. In order to be able to maintain low pipe weights with such dimensions, it is recommended to manufacture the pipe of which at least the weft is of aramid yarn (aromatic polyamide yarn) having a breaking strength of at least cN / tex. Resistors with a sensitivity of 180 cN / teX or more are preferred. By using aramid yarns in the weft, it is recommended to arrange the warp filaments each time so that the weft filaments are

  protected from all sides with regard to damage, rubbing

  ment or the like. This protection can be achieved by

  example through a cross armor.

  In addition to their high strength, the aramid yarn pipes have a special fire resistance.

  which is particularly essential for underground use.

  Slots. Firstly, it was sought to use flexible hoses which have been made from normal fabrics by the fact that the strip of fabric is folded along its middle and that these two overlapping edges are sewn together with one another. 'other. This seam has proved to be a critical weak point of the pipes during their use. This is why the pipes according to the present invention must be woven seamlessly, that is to say that it is necessary to use fabrics which, as a result of their construction, must include a space

can be filled.

  For reasons of chūas and because of a series of construction advantages thus obtained, the flexible pipe is woven rectilinear and has on its periphery two longitudinal ribs diametrically arranged with at least 1 cm of

  large. Thanks to the rectilinear weave, one can manufacture simultaneously

  In large widths, several woven pipes are separated from each other by ribs having pre-determined widths: along these ribs, the pipes are then separated from one another. The longitudinal ribs that are arranged to the left and to the right of each

  straight woven hoses, offer a particularly solid

  higher than conventional seams; at the same time, they stabilize the position of the pipe during the filling process and indicate if the pipe was twisted during its placement in the profile of the support. In rectilinear weaving it is also possible, in place of almost endless pipes which are then cut to the desired lengths and which must be ironed at their ends, to weave at intervals transverse ribs a few centimeters in width corresponding to the lengths. If the pipes are separated from each other along these transverse ribs, a more preferred pipe shape is obtained which has transverse ribs at least 1 cm wide on both sides. of this kind can be put in place in the profile of the support without further operation, be provided with connections

  filling through the fabric and be filled.

  Another process for making pipes without

  sewing is weaving in circular shape (tubular weaving).

  But in this case, you can only make one job

  almost endless pipe, which is then cut into lengths.

  The ends of the pipe must then be closed, which can be done by binding, for example in a manner similar to the skin of sausages. Preferably, with the woven hoses in circular shape, the ends with a front face are folded and bDuten forming a transverse rib at least 1 cm wide, (possibly after one or two folds),

  sewn, pinched or closed in a similar and watertight manner.

  The pipes can be woven in various forms of armor. Cross armor has already been mentioned. For most applications, Panama weave (for example -) is particularly suitable because, on the one hand, it allows the count of filaments (number of filaments per cm of fabric width) necessary for stability. and, on the other hand, to obtain a high resistance to tearing initiated and to form separations between the groups of filaments remaining identical, which separations promote the permeability of the

fabric with water.

  For underground use of compliant pipes

  In the present invention, it is advantageous for the primer to resist

  water exhibits an antistatic effect so that the surface resistance (according to DIN 54 345) is

  less than 10 1 n, preferably less than 106 nm.

  The water-resistant primer can be applied after fabricating the fabric hose. But it can also be 24 7. Ai applied during the manufacture of yarn or during weaving

on the? various spun yarns.

  To easily obtain the low surface electrical resistances mentioned above, it may be advantageous for the chemical fibers of the pipes to contain antistatic additives, that is to say conductors, for example by incorporating into the spinning process a few percentages. in

  weight of black or using soul-structure fibers

  sheath having a conductive component as likes.

  If it is necessary to count with undesired excess bulging, a multiple pipe pipe is preferred wherein at least two seamlessly woven pipes are securely bonded to each other. In addition, two, three or more pipes placed on top of each other and / or side by side can be firmly connected to each other. Preferably, the multiple pipe is a twin pipe which consists of two woven pipes

Seamless bunk.

  When carrying out the retaining of the galleries, we put the pipes replja, that of the lowest bottom, in the form of gutter retaining arches and we fill first the lower pipe until it marries, completely filled, most of the line of

  cut. The empty upper pipe is then inserted between the.

  lower pipe and ground. In the places of excessive dusting, one enters the upper pipe each time with a filling lance and one fills this part of the

  hose until the upper hose also complements

  the waistline. According to the present invention, the upper pipe is filled only locally, where it is necessarily effective. In other locations, the upper pipe is separated by pinching the filled lower pipe and the ground so that the filler simply fills the excavation pitches. If triple, quadruple or multiple pipes are used, in principle the same procedure is followed. The lowest pipe is filled each time completely first, the nearest ones are filled each time at the locations of the

  grossly surplus as far as necessary.

  The use of two or more small pipes instead of a large has the advantage of requiring particularly less chemical fibers because, for reasons of strength, it is necessary to have a weight ai m2 high (high count of filaments ), with pipes of large diameters. The other advantage is the possibility of only having to use the filling product in addition to the areas where the excavation is surplus. 1 The diameters of the various pipes firmly connected to each other may be identical or different. Since the pipe in each case being the upper pipe must represent only a reserve (for the locations of the

  surplus), hoses with different diameters

  are preferred. In general, a smaller diameter is given each time to the pipe being the pipe

superior.

  The solid connection between the various pipes of the multiple pipe according to the present invention can be achieved for example by flat gluing on one another bent elementary pipes. A link obtained by the technique of

  weaving of the various pipes is a means of technical

  elegant and trouble-free for later work, because stable. Thus, it is possible to weave between them the various pipes that make up the multiple pipe, especially on the binding points, that is to say that the filaments of the chains

  neighboring pipes are connected to each other.

  For the manufacture of multiple pipes according to the present invention, the rectilinear weaving is particularly suitable, the various pipes, as described in the present application, may have on their periphery diametrically arranged longitudinal ribs, which increase the

  strength and simplify the filling process.

  The present invention is illustrated by the descriptive and nonlimiting examples hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a retaining gallery comprising a pipe according to the present invention;

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  Figure 2 is a schematic transverse section through a straight woven strip having a plurality of woven tubes connected by longitudinal lines; Figure 3 is a schematic cross section through a pipe with longitudinal ribs in the state where it is filled with concrete; FIG. 4 represents an end with a front face of a flexible hose according to the present invention comprising a folded transverse rib; Figure 5 is a diagrammatic front view of a retaining gallery comprising a conventional pipe which in the area of an excess bridging-does not marry the waist line; Figure 6 is a section through the support according to Figure 5 along the line VI-VI;

  Figure 7 is a diagrammatic front view of a

  gallery tent according to Figure 5 comprising a multiple pipe according to the present invention; Figure 8 is a section through the support according to Figure 7 along the line VIII-VIII;

  FIGS. 9 to 11 are diagrammatic representations

  a plurality of multiple pipes according to the present invention being (a) in the folded state and (b) in the embedded state; Figures 12 and 13 are two other multiple pipes

  schematically represented in the folded state.

  In Figure 1, is shown schematically a retaining gallery. The rock 1 has a line of irregular size 2; at a distance of approximately 10 to 20 cm from the ground 3 are placed 4 steel buttresses, for example in the form of a gutter according to Figures 1 or 2 of German Patent No. 26 27 256; between the ground 3 and the thrust arch 4, is embedded a flexible pipe 5, according to the present invention, and which by filling.with a curable material, for example concrete, has been inflated so that it forms- in particular a connection by friction and by interpenetration between the ground 3 and the buttress bow 4. The opening 6 for the filling can, as represented by

  the figure, be placed on top of the support.

  FIG. 2 schematically represents a portion of a straight woven strip containing several woven pipes 7, 8, 9, with longitudinal ribs 10 and 11 being provided between the various woven pipes 7, 8, 9. By cutting the strip along these lines. ribs, we get woven pipes

seamless.

  Figure 3 represents, moreover, strongly

  schematically, a woven pipe 12 having two longitudinal ribs

  tudinal 13 diametrically opposed and actually to

  the state filled completely with concrete 14.

  Figure 4 finally shows a longitudinal end-to-end-end of a preferred embodiment of the pipe according to the present invention, here a circular-shaped woven pipe. The end of this pipe is folded and folded and also sewn, pinched or treated in a similar way, so that the pipe 15 has towards the end a transverse rib 16 waterproof having at least

1 cm wide.

  In Figures 5 and 6, there is shown a retaining gallery in which there is a flexible pipe 24 filled

  concrete 23-between the ground 21 and the retaining arc 22.

  The size line 25 is, as can be seen in FIG. 5, (see on the left edge or on the right edge) partly at a distance from the retaining arc 22 so small that the pipe 24 completely filled forms a connection between the ground 21 and the retaining arc 22 (compare with FIG. 6), by friction and by interpenetration. In the middle of FIG. 5, the waist line 25 moves so far away from the retaining arch 22 that the pipe 24 can not be placed on the ground 21 although it is completely filled and its diameter is maximum and fully exploited. In the figure, we see an excessive undesired shear 26 whose existence compromises the security of all the support

  and which must be deleted according to the present invention.

  In Figures 7 and 8 is shown how this problem is solved according to the present invention. In this case a multiple pipe MS is placed between the retaining arc 22 and the ground 21, which is constituted by a lower pipe 27 having in this example the same dimensions as the pipe 24 of FIGS. 5 or 6, and by a upper pipe 28 firmly bonded thereto which has a smaller diameter than that of the pipe 27.Firstly fills the lower pipe 27 until once completely full, it matches the waist line 25 (compare with Figure 5). The still empty upper pipe 28 is thus inserted between the pipe 27 and the ground 21 and hangs over the pipe 27 downwards (Item 28 '). At the locations of the excess sprag 26, a filling lance is driven into the upper pipe 28 and filled with concrete until the upper pipe

completely marry the ground.

  Like some examples shown in the figures

  9 to 13, the multiple pipe may also have a configuration

  different from those shown in Figures 7 and 8.

  The multiple pipe shown in FIG.

  staggered by two pipes 29, 30 of different size which are firmly connected to each other via a point of

  binding 31 common and which have lateral ribs 32.

  In Figure 10 is shown a triple pipe consisting of three superimposed pipes 33,34,35 among which

  the lower pipe 33 has the largest diameter.

  Figure 11 shows a triple pipe consisting of two

  pipes 37,38 fixed in parallel on a lower pipe 36.

  As can be seen from Figure 12, multiple pipe can be manufactured from a pipe 39 greatly

  dimensioned by weaving at least one inner partition 40.

  Finally, Figure 13 shows a quadruple pipe con-

  staked by two big pipes 41,42 and two smaller pipes

43,44 placed between them.

  Flexible hoses according to the present invention can be used preferably in underground mining for the purpose of retaining galleries. But they can also be used in mineral mines,

  salts, ores or in the construction of tunnels.

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Claims (16)

  1. Hose made from a permeable fabric obtained from high-strength chemical fibers, particularly for underground mining o, after introduction of a hardening filler   and the hardening of it, it constitutes between the support   and the terrain friction and interaction   penetration, characterized in that it consists of chemical fibers having a tensile strength of at least 70 cN / tex, that it is seamlessly woven   and has a water-resistant primer partially the pores of the fabric.   2. A hose according to claim 1, characterized   by the fact that this pipe is constituted by threads of   polyhexamethylene adipamide laments having a resistance at break of at least 73 cN / tex.   3. Hose according to claims 1 and 2,   characterized by the fact that this pipe consists of chemical fibers having an elongation at break of at least 19%.   4. Flexible pipe according to any one of the   1 to 3, characterized by the fact that this pipe consists of chemical fibers having an elongation of   reference of at least 12% for a load of 48 cN / tex.   5. A hose according to claim 1, characterized   characterized by the fact that this pipe contains at least in the weft yarns of aramid filaments having a resistance   at break of at least 170 cN / tex.   6. Flexible pipe according to any one of the   1 to 5, characterized in that it is woven recess   tiligne and that on its periphery it has two longitudinal ribs diametrically arranged having at least 1 cm wide.   7. A flexible pipe according to claim 6, characterized   terized by the fact that it presents on its two frontal faces   transverse veins having at least 1 cm wide.   8. Flexible pipe according to any one of the   1 to 5, characterized by the fact that it is woven in a circular shape and has two frontal faces   transverse ribs at least 1 cm wide.   9. Flexible pipe according to any one of the   1 to 8, characterized in that it is woven in Panama armor.   10. Flexible pipe according to any one of the   Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the water-resistant primer exhibits antistatic activity such that the surface electrical resistance (according to DIN 54 345) of the pipe is less than 10f, preferably less than o6.   11. A hose according to claim 10, characterized   because this pipe is woven into   filaments having an antistatic and water resistant primer.   Flexible hose according to one of the claims   and 11, characterized in that this pipe is constituted   chemical fibers containing antistatic additives ticks.   13. Flexible pipe according to any one of the   1 to 12, characterized in that this pipe is formed of multiple pipes, among which at least two pipes 30   seamless weaves are securely tied together.   14. A hose according to claim 13, characterized   characterized by the fact that the multiple pipe is a twin pipe   which consists of two super seamless seamless woven hoses posed.   15. A hose according to one of claims 13   and 14, characterized in that the pipes have different diameters.   16. A hose according to any one of the   13 to 15, characterized in that the various pipes constituting the multiple pipe are woven between them   via waypoints.