FR2469664A1 - Mechanical ventilation unit for dwellings - has modular construction for use with or without recuperative heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The unit consists of two blocks (2,3) one of which (2) has inlets (4,5,6) for extracted room air and an inlet (8) for outside air. It contains the circulating fans and has an outlet (7) for recirculated air and an outlet (9) on the same face for fresh air. The second block (3) contains a heat pump which transfers heat from the recirculated to the fresh air. It has inlets which match the outlets (7,9) of the first block. Its outlets (19,20) are in corresponding positions on the opposite face so that the outlet ducts can be connected either to these or directly to the first block if the second block is removed.

Description

"MODULAR DEVICE FOR CONTROLLED MECHANICAL VENTILATION OF A PREMISES
The present invention relates to a device of a new type of its kind
of those used to provide controlled mechanical ventilation of a lo
cal. This room can in particular be constituted by a house, office,
apartment, or individual house.

Due to energy saving problems, we know that thermal insulation
premises is currently more and more crowded. One of the aspects of it
solation consists in sealing openings, doors and windows, by systems
joint volumes. This seal is a source of savings but, if it was used
without precautions, it would lead to the appearance of condensations in the
premises, where otherwise bad odors would accumulate. To avoid this
drawback9 it is known to combine the sealing of looaux with a ventilation
which ensures the evacuation of condensation and bad odors, and
allows the air renewal necessary for the physiological needs of the oc-
oupants.

Among the known devices, only controlled mechanical ventilation allows
ensure air renewal in a controlled quantity adapted to the minimum
mus necessary for efficient ventilation without unnecessary loss of cba-
heavy. Known devices of controlled mechanical ventilation penetrate
the fresh air in the living rooms, while they extract the stale air into
technical parts (kitchen, bathroom, ws etc.).

Among these devices, so-called double flow devices are known where the air vi
cié, before being evacuated, passes through an exchanger where it gives up its sensi
ble to fresh air from outside, before blowing it into the water.

Certain known devices for controlled mechanical ventilation with double flow
no longer have a simple static heat exchanger but a ther recuperator
modynamic we heat pump, inserted between the relatively hot stale air
on the point other rejected outside, and the fresh air which comes other has
hacked cold. These known dual-flow systems provided with a ther recuperator
modynamic completely eliminate heat loss
due to the renewal of air and to provide additional calories
additional to fresh air before its insufflation in the premises.

This improvement is important since it eliminates loss of wedges.
by air renewal, which are generally evaluated at 1/3 of
all losses when using mechanical ventilation
without feedback device.

A controlled mechanical ventilation system fitted with a cha pump
They therefore have two functions:
- on the one hand, it allows the renewal of air essential for maintaining a healthy atmosphere in the premises, without condensation; on the other hand, it provides significant savings in heating (of the order of 30 to 40%).

In practice, a known installation comprises a relatively complex machine which is therefore subject to various breakdowns and requires periodic maintenance.

In addition, the thermodynamic part of the recuperator is subject to rapid teohnic evolution.

The material currently available on the market is presented in the form of a compact block, generally housed in the attic or other places more og less easily accessible.

This known embodiment has a great drawback. In fact, the thermodynamic recuperator cannot generally store a store repaired on site. It is therefore necessary to disconnect this technical unit and take it to the workshop. During the entire duration of the repairs, heat recovery and simple ventilation are no longer ensured inside the premises which become more or less habitable. If disputes arise, particularly in terms of the warranty on the device, this uncomfortable situation is extended accordingly.

 Finally, the user hesitates to reject the whole apparatus when the rapid technical evolution of the heat pumps makes appear on the market of recuperators with advanced technology.

The object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks by producing in modular form a controlled mechanical ventilation device with thermodynamic recuperator.

An improved device according to the invention is characterized in that it is in the form of two separate blocks, namely a first block grouping the ventilation and air distribution members (pipe blowers, valves and distribution deflectors) and a second block grouping the thermodynamic recovery organs (exchangers, compressors, heat pumps), while this second block comprises on one face systems and end pieces for connecting air duct identical to those of the faee of the first bloo on which it can be adapted to when on another face, the second block comprises members and connecting pieces of air duct connection identical to those of the fresh air inlet and stale air outlet pipes, so that the latter can be sorted: - either directly on the first block (ventilation, distribution) if the second removable block (thermodynamic cooler) has been removed; - or on the second block if it is normally assembled on the first.

This system according to the invention has the following advantages in particular - the first group group of devices such as valves, deflectors, fan pipes, etc., which are known to have very good endurance; they are capable of operating for years without failure;
the second block, or removable block, on the other hand, groups all the elements which require periodic maintenance and are liable to break down (compressor, heat pump, exchangers) O - in the event of a breakdown, only the second block must be dismantled and taken in workshop for repair the second block has reduced dimensions, and it is therefore easier to handle in the attic of a house, or in a more or less accessible place - throughout the duration of the repair, it is enough to connect the channels- fresh air intake and stale air evacuation directly on the first block which remains in place, to continue to ensure normal ventilation of the premises: only heat recovery will not be ensured during the repair , but this will not result in any discomfort for the occupants of the premises; the operating budget of the installation is significantly reduced, since the first block can be kept and the second one can only be replaced9 either when it is out of use or when it becomes obsolete after the installation tion on the market of more efficient thermodynamic recuperators.

The appended drawing given by way of nonlimiting example will allow a better understanding of the invention and the advantages which it provides.

Figure 9 is an overall view of a modular device according to the invention, when assembled and installed for normal operation.

Figure 2 shows the same device, considered in isolation, the two blocks being assembled.

Figure 3 is a similar view showing the two separate blocks.

Figure 4 is a perspective view illustrating a possible embodiment for the second block, or thermodynamic recovery block.

Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 1, showing how one can connect the first block to ensure ventilation of the premises, while the second block is sent to the workshop.

The drawings show a device according to the invention intended to provide controlled mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, for example in a residential villa. The device 1 according to the invention is produced in modular form, that is to say that it comprises two blocks 2 and 3 which are normally juxtaposed (FIG. 1), but which can be separated as illustrated in FIG. 50
The first block 2 groups all the ventilation and garlic distribution organs
It contains in particular one or more fans. If it has remained - to suck the stale air from the villa through orifices provided with connection nozzles such as 4,5, 6 to evacuate it by an orifice provided with a connection piece such as 7 - to suck outside the villa, fresh air admitted through one or more orifices provided with connection pieces such as 8, this fresh air then being blown inwards of the villa through an orifice provided with a connection end piece such as 9.

3ien understood, the suction tips such as 4, 5, 6, 8 can be distributed in any way on one or more of the faces of the first block 2.

The second block 3, or technical block, groups all the elements which require maintenance or which are liable to break down. In the example illustrated in FIG. * It has been assumed that these elements are as follows - the compressor 10 of a heat pump - the two heat exchanger batteries 11 and 12 of the heat pump, the battery 11 being interposed on the outgoing flow of hot and stale air while the battery 12 is interposed on the fresh air flow before its insufflation in the villa.

- A set of organs 13 which may relate to regulation or filtration.

All of these elements are housed in the fixed body 14 of the second block 3, possibly separated by partitions such as. These partitions 15 seal the separation of the various compartments, when a removable cover 16 is placed on the body 14. The fixatien of the latter can be assured by other rapid locking means 17.

According to one of the characteristics of the invention, the face 18 of the second block 3 comprises connection end pieces 19 and 20 respectively similar to the end pieces 7 and 9 with which the face 21 of the first block 2 is fitted. Furthermore, another face 22 of the second block 3 (FIG. 5) is fitted with connection end pieces 23 and 24 capable of adapting to the end pieces 7 and 9 of which they are complementary.

In the example illustrated, it has been assumed that the face 21 has male end pieces 7 and 9, just as the face 18 has male end pieces 19 and 20. On the other hand, the face 22 has female end pieces 23 and 24 capable of come to be fitted respectively on the male end pieces 7 and 9. When the two blocks 2 and 3 are thus juxtaposed (in the case of FIGS. 1 and 2), their junction is ensured for example by rapid locking means 25.

The operation is salient:
When the entire device 1 is operating normally (FIG. 1), the end piece 19 is connected to a pipe 26 which evacuates the stale air towards the outside atmosphere, while the end piece 20 is connected to a pipe 27 which blows the fresh and heated air towards a distribution box 28. The latter has orifices such as 29 or 30 which are connected to bouohes blowing the fresh air towards the bedrooms or the living rooms of the villa.

Lines 25 and 27 are generally flexible.

The nozzles 4, 5 and 6 are connected to pipes which suck the stale air in the technical rooms, that is to say in particular the kitchen, the bathrooms, the toilets. Or the fittings 8 are connected to a pipe which opens onto the outside atmosphere in order to aspire to come fresh.

Of course, the installation can be completed by one or more filters arranged in the known manner.

In normal operation (FIG. 1) the device according to the invention therefore provides, in known manner, controlled mechanical ventilation of the accommodation premises, the heat pump 10 11, 12 moreover making it possible to recover the sensible heat from the exhaust air. before evacuating it to the outside. This sensible heat is transferred into the fresh air flow blowing in the pipe 27.

When the second block 3 must be subjected to maintenance or repair operations, it suffices to unlock the latches 25 and to disconnect the pipes 26 and 27, in order to be able to carry it conveniently (FIG. 5) 0 We see that the block 3 is a modular element of relatively small @ s dimensions, which facilitates its handling, especially when it is in the inaccessible attic of a villa.

In the meantime, it suffices to connect the pipes 26 and 27 directly to the fittings 7 and 9 of the faoe 21 of the block 2, so that the latter continues to ensure normal ventilation of the premises.

Once the devices of the second module 3 have been repaired, it suffices to bring the latter back and to insert it again between the first block 2 and the channels 26 and 27 to restore the normal situation illustrated in FIG. 1.

Claims (3)

RFVEhrDICaTIOPJS 1 - Device for ensuring the controlled mechanical ventilation of a room, with incorporated thermodynamic recuperator, characterized in that it is presented in a modular fashion, in the form of two separate blocks, namely a first block grouping the ventilation members and of air distribution (blowers, pipes, valves and deflectors of distribution) and a second block grouping the thermodynamic recovery organs (exchangers, compressors, heat pumps), while this second block comprises on one side systems and nozzles connection of air ducts identical to those of the face of the first bloo on which it can be adapted, while on another face, the second block includes members and connection nipples of air ducting identical to those fresh air inlet and stale air outlet pipes, so that the latter can be connected - either directly on the first bloo (ventilation, distribution) if the second removable block (thermodynamic recuperator) has been removed; - either on the second block if it is normally assembled on the first 2 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection end pieces 7 and 9 equipping the face 21 of the first block 2 intended to receive the face 22 of the second block 3, are male end pieces 7 and 9, identical to the connection end pieces m 19 and 20 fitted to the opposite face 18 of the second block 3. 3 - Device according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the connection end pieces equipping the input face 22 of the second block 3 are female end pieces 23 and 24 intended to be fitted respectively on the male connection end pieces 7 and 9 of the first block 2 4 - Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second recovery block 3 comprises a body 14 in which are fixedly mounted the thermodynamic recovery members 10, 11, 12, 13, as well as fixed partitions 15, while a removable cover 16 is capable of fitting onto the body 14 5 - Device according to claim 4 characterized in that means for quick-closing latch 17 are provided between the fixed body 14 and the removable cover 16. 6 - Device according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the cover 16 is put in place on the body 14, it also fits tightly on the ends of the partitions 15, thus dividing the interior of the second block 3 in separate compartments from each other, to ensure the circulation of stale air and fresh air in two flows between which thermodynamic recovery takes place