FR2460187A1 - MACHINE FOR DRILLING A HOLE IN A BUILDING ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

MACHINE FOR DRILLING A HOLE IN A CONSTRUCTION PART 7. THIS MACHINE INCLUDES GENERATOR C OF A HYDRAULIC PRESSURE D FROM A DRILL B WHICH ALSO INCLUDES A CONCENTRIC TIGHTENING MANDRINA WITH A MECHANISM43, 71 CLOSES OR FAR AWAY FROM ONE OF THE OTHER OPPOSING JAWS57 INTENDED TO HOLD THE PIECE 37 BETWEEN TWO SURFACES60 WHOSE SHAPE CORRESPONDS TO THE SIENNA, AT LEAST ONE OF THESE JAWS57 CONTAINING A TOOL63 PLACED SO AS TO PERFORATE PART7 THUS IMMOBILIZED. APPLICATION FOR EXAMPLE TO THE MACHINING OF THE CHASSIS OF A CHILDREN'S CAR.

Description

The present invention relates to the improvement of a chuck

  concentric for immobilizing during its perforation a tubular element for example part of the frame of a car. A conventional frame of this type has a number of tubular elements. One of the methods applied to perforate or flatten

  in determined locations these tubular elements of the frame-

  sis aforesaid, of a handrail, etc., consists of squeezing them between a die and the support of a punch that he makes

or go down.

  This conventional method is suitable for perforating a tubular element at a location, but if several

  holes it is necessary to move it so that the location

  Each of these holes is just opposite the punch at each effective stroke of the punch. This is a difficulty that can lead to a faulty execution of the operation. The present invention therefore relates to a concentric chuck which, especially intended to immobilize and flatten or perforate at several points a tubular piece, can also

act as a conventional vice.

  Its simple and compact structure is due to the fact that only one extensible hydraulic cylinder is enough to bring the jaws closer to each other by means of pivoting levers, springs reminding them in the opposite direction, which makes it possible to do nothing. communicate this jack only by a single pipe with a source of hydraulic pressure, pressure that a device

  allows to grow in this behavior according to the

  it is desired to have the levers done.

  The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 represents in profile and partly in

  cuts a machine intended to increase a hy-

  hydraulics that a pipe transmits to an assembly for perforating a tubular piece FIG. 2, similar to FIG. 1, shows how the aforementioned perforation is executed; Figure 3 shows in perspective the assembly of Figure 1 Figure 4 is a cross section of the assembly of Figure 3; Figure 5 shows in elevation and partly in section a variant of the machining assembly of Figure 1;

  FIG. 6, similar to FIG. 5, shows the execution

  FIG. 7 is a plan view of the upper face of the machining assembly of FIGS. 5 and 6; FIG. 8 shows in elevation how assemblies of the two types are mounted on a support; invention for operating the machining of the tubular elements of a chassis; Figure 9 is a section along the line IX-IX of Figure 8; and FIG. 10 represents in plane the upper face of

  the machine of Figure 1 mounted on a support.

  In these drawings, the reference C denotes the generator of a hydraulic pressure, this apparatus comprising a pneumatic cylinder 1 'and a hydraulic cylinder 2' which communicates with

  a tank 4 of liquid under pressure.

  The pneumatic cylinder 1 'comprises a cylinder head 9 which a cylindrical envelope 10 connects to a lid 8, the latter

  also constituting that of the hydraulic cylinder 2 '.

  This cover 8 is in the form of a plate approximately circular

  forming externally in its central region a

  protrusion circular 11 and internally another protrusion cir-

  12 which is larger diameter than the previous one and

  separated by an interval of the peripheral surface of this neck.

circle 8.

  The outer projection 11 of this cover 8 is pierced with a hole 13, 14 in which one half is secured, on the

  screw means 29, one end of the cylinder 2 of the hydraulic cylinder

  2 'whose piston is constituted by the rod 5 of the piston 3 of the pneumatic cylinder 1', rod 5 engaged in the other half

14 of the aforementioned hole.

  Reference numeral 35 designates a feed duct which,

  passing radially in the cover 8 mentioned above, made

  connect the tank 4 and cylinder 2 of the hydraulic cylinder

  2 'by a hole drilled in the wall of the half 13 of the hole 13, 14.

  The yoke 9 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 'is a substantially circular plate whose inner surface forms a circular projection 12 opposite that of the cover 8. These two opposite projections 12 hold together the cylinder 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 1' whose cylinder head 9 is connected to the cover 8 by tie rods 16 'and fastening nuts 17 which thus hold together the elements 9, 8 and 10 of the

  cylinder 1 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 '.

  As previously indicated, this cylinder 1 contains the body 3 of a piston whose rod 5 starts from its central region towards the cylinder 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 'which it

constitutes the piston.

  The above-mentioned body 3 is a circular plate whose peripheral surface is in sealing contact with the inner surface of the cylinder 10 by means of a liner 18. This piston (3, 5) moves forward or backwards by sliding in the next cylinder 10 which believes or decreases the pressure of the air injected into

this cylinder.

  The posterior end of the rod 5 axially forms a partially threaded rod 19 which passes through the center of the body 3 on the other side of which it is screwed into a fastening nut 21 intended to assemble the body 3 of the piston at its rod 5. As previously indicated, the latter constitutes the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 2 'in the cylinder 2 from which it slidably penetrates through the hole 14, 13 when the body 3 of the piston of the pneumatic cylinder moves towards the

hydraulic cylinder.

  In the base of the cylinder head 9 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 'are fixed two connectors 23 which communicate with the two internal chambers d and d of the cylinder 1', separated from each other by the body 3, nar via a pressure application channel 24 and a reduction channel 25

pressure respectively.

  The cylinder head 9 of the pneumatic cylinder and the lid

  8 of the two cylinders support each other, above the

  cylinder 10, the hydraulic tank 4.

  In the yoke of the cylinder 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 'is secured a connection 26, and its free end forms a peripheral flange 27 which is applied against the projection 11 of the cover 8 and is secured thereto by means of screws 29, so that this end of the cylinder 2 fits into the half 13

  the central hole 13, 14 of the cover 8.

  When compressed air is sent into the internal chamber of pneumatic cylinder 1 ', its piston advances in its internal chamber by entering the cylinder 2 of the

  hydraulic cylinder 2 's rod 5 which expels the liquid that con-

  holds this cylinder 2 in a pipe 6 communicating with the connector 26. Assuming that p is the pneumatic pressure exerted in the chamber of, that A is the effective area of the piston body 3, that P is the pressure . within the cylinder 2 of the cylinder 2 ', and that is the effective area of the rod 5, the equality px A = P xa shows that the hydraulic pressure P can be eleven to twenty five times greater than that of the pneumatic pressure p. The hydraulic pipe 6 comprises a manifold 30 from which a number of pipes 31 leave, one of which also communicates with a machining assembly B of which Figures 1 to 4 on the one hand and 5 to 7 on the other hand show two

embodiments.

  The first of these embodiments of the machining assembly B (FIGS. 1 to 4) comprises a hydraulic cylinder D actuating a concentric clamping mandrel A. The hydraulic cylinder D comprises a cylinder head 32, a cylindrical tubular core 34 and a cover 33 assembled by screwing, and it contains the hollow cylindrical body 44 of a

  piston whose rod 35 is also cylindrical and hollow.

  The yoke 32 has a circular plate 36 connected inwardly by a first shoulder to a

  soul 37 which connects itself by a second shoulder ver-

  tical 38 to a horizontal element 39 for guiding the rod 35 of the

piston 35, 44.

  In the rear portion of the yoke 32 is screwed a connector 40 communicating outwardly with the hydraulic pipe 31 and inwardly with one end of an annular conduit 4] whose other end opens into

the vertical shoulder 38.

  The reference 42 designates parts which connect on the one hand the cylinder head 32 and on the other hand the free end of the rod 35 of the cylinder piston to levers 43 which actuate

  mandrel A that will be described later.

  The piston of hydraulic cylinder D comprises an annular body or carcass 44 connected in one piece to its stem

  tubular 35 whose diameter is smaller. The surface area

  cylindrical notch of the carcass 44 and the piston rod 35 slides on the peripheral surface of the guide element 39 of the cylinder head 32, a seal 46 sealing

  contact, and the posterior surface of the body 44 of the pis-

  your tone comes up against the shoulder 38 of the breech 32 in

  plugging the adjacent orifice of the annular conduit 41.

  One of the ends of the cylindrical core 34 of the cylinder of the jack D is screwed onto the small diameter portion 37 of the yoke 32, an annular seal 47 sealing between this core and the yoke. The inner surface of this cylindrical core is in contact with the peripheral surface of the

body 44 of the piston.

  The cover 33 has a function similar to that of a

  blind nut whose threaded end is screwed onto the end

  anterior half of the cylindrical core 34. The bottom 49 of this neck

  vercle 33 is the fulcrum of one end of a spring 48 which is threaded on the rod 35 of the piston and whose

  the other end is in contact with the annular surface

the body 44 of the piston.

  The levers 43 are articulated by one of their ends with the end pieces 42 of the jack D and, in their central region, with projections 51 of the support 50 of the mandrel A with extreme projections 53 of which their free ends are

in touch.

  The pressurized oil that the machine C sends into the internal duct 41 of the hydraulic cylinder D via the coupling 40 pushes the piston 44, 35, which compresses the spring 8, passing through the annular chamber 54 delimited between

  they the guide element 39 of the cylinder head 32 and the cylindrical core

  34 of the cylinder D. The cylinder head 32 and the piston 44, 35 of the cylinder D then deviate from each other by extending the cylinder which, by means of the levers 43, pushes one towards the other the extreme projections 53 of the mandrel A. This mandrel A comprises the supports 55, incorporated at its base 50, two slides 56 which are secured jaws 57 for gripping a tubular element 7 of

chassis of a child's car.

  Each slide 56 forms a protrusion 53 rearwardly or outwardly and inwardly or forwardly a U-shaped groove 58 containing a damping member 59 which comes out a little on the side of the jaw. correspondent 57 whose

  opposite face forms a semicircular cavity 60.

  The sliders 56 and the jaws 57 are pierced with holes

  61 which are in the extension of one of the

  very and through which pass guide rods 62 along which these slides 56 and jaws 57 can thus move forward

or back off.

  The jaws 57 are pierced with small holes 64 which lead to

  are at the bottom of their cavities 60 and through which can pass the free ends of punches 63 whose other ends are fixed in the slides 56 by means of set screws 65, these punches 63 being intended to perforate

  the tubular element 7 clamped between the jaws 57.

  At the base 50 of the chuck A are secured supports

  in the form of an L, which maintain between them the protrusions cor-

correspondents 53 of the slides 56.

  The vertical branches 66 of these supports 55 are

  pierced with holes 67 through which rods 68 of guiding

  spring rods 71, these rods 68 being secured by their deep ends to the slides 56 while on their free ends nuts and locknuts 69

  retain washers 70 intended to serve as points of appli-

  and at the other ends of the aforesaid springs 71.

  The latter 71 are compression springs which are therefore supported on the one hand on the vertical branches 66

  supports 55 and secondly on the washers 70. The reference

  Reference 72 designates threaded rods for determining the positions of the jaws 57. They traverse the sliders 56 and, when rotated, they come into contact with the

  jaws 57 so as to bring them closer to each other.

  When extending the hydraulic cylinder D, the

  43 push towards each other the projections 53

  sliders 56 which thus approach one another against the antagonistic forces exerted by the

  return springs 71. These sliders therefore force, by the in-

  intermediate of the damping members 59, the two jaws 57 to get closer to each other and to sandwich them in

  their cavities 60 the tubular element 7 to perforate. The slides

  buckets 56 compress these bodies 59 and come into contact with the jaws 57, which has the effect of making out through the holes

  64 the punches 63 and to perforate the tubular element

  7. Thanks to the damping members 59, the punches 63 thus project only once the tubular element 7 has been gripped in the jaws 57, so that the punches can not perforate the latter irregularly and the desired place. ] .5 - When compressed air is injected into the chamber of the pneumatic cylinder of the hydraulic pressure generator C, this air causes the rod 5 of the piston of its pneumatic cylinder to retract from the cylinder 2 of the hydraulic cylinder of this generator. ,

  so that the oil contained in the chamber 54 of the hydraulic cylinder

  D flows in the pipe 31, in the cylinder 2 and through the conduit 15 in the tank 4. Due to the depression thus generated in this chamber 54, the cylinder head 32 of the cylinder

  D and the rod 35 of its piston return to their original position.

  tive, which shortens the jack D by bringing one end to the other 42 and rotates the levers 43. The upper ends of these levers 43 and move away from the extreme projections 53 of the mandrel A allowing the springs recall 71 to resume their original position of Figure 1 slides 56 and the jaws 57 of the mandrel. he

  it is then possible to extract from this mandrel the tubular element

perforated wall 7.

  The foregoing description relates to an advantageous form

  machine for producing the machining assembly B, this assembly

  constituting in this case a punching machine. It is possible

  It is also possible to replace the punches 63 with cutting tools and thus transform this assembly into a cutting machine, the punch 63 being then inserted into its housing and making

more function than cork.

  Figures 5 to 7 relate to a second form of embodiment

  B 'of the machining assembly. In this variant B 'the mandrel A' and the hydraulic cylinder D 'are assembled from

way to make body.

  The hydraulic cylinder D 'has substantially the same structure

  it is the same as that D of the previous embodiment, but its yoke 32 is immobilized by one of two fixed plates 73 which are parallel and separated from each other by a determined interval. These two plates 73 are secured by their bases to two angles 80 by means of fastening nuts 79. They are drilled at the four corners of 75 holes suralésés 74, holes in which are fixed by means of the aforementioned nuts 79 threaded ends 78 rods 77 for guiding a slide 76 which is part of the mandrel

  A 'of this second embodiment.

  In addition to this slide 76, this mandrel A 'comprises two jaws 81 intended to immobilize the tubular element 7 to be machined,

  a return mechanism 82 and a punching assembly 83.

  The slide 76 has the general shape of a U, and it is drilled at the four corners of holes 84 through which the aforementioned rods 77 for guiding it. Its rear surface is in contact with the piston rod 35 of the hydraulic cylinder D ',

  rod 35 which protrudes from the cover 33 of this ves-

  rin. The return mechanism 82 comprises a rod 85 and a

  spring 86. The first 85 passes into the tubular extension

  guide 39 of the cylinder head 32, passes through the ex-

  protruding end of the rod 35 of the piston of this cylinder, its free end being screwed into the slide 76, while its other end passes through the culasde 32 said jack, passes through a hole 87 of the plate 73 which is subject to this

breech and extends beyond.

  The spring 86 is a compression spring which is supported on the one hand on a part 88 secured to the aforesaid plate 73 and pierced at its center with a hole 87 through which the stem 85, on the other hand on another piece 88 analogous that a nut 89 holds on the corresponding threaded end of

the rod 85.

  The support E1 of the tubular element 7 comprises two jaws 90 and 91 which articulate by means of axes 93 in the

adjacent fixed plate 73.

  The first 90 of these jaws consists of a plate which forms in the middle a semicircular cavity 92 whose diameter is greater than that of the tubular element 7. The second 91 of these jaws fits into a superficial groove

  94 in U shape that forms the plate in question 73 in front of the sur-

  adjacent face of the slider 76. It forms a semi-circular cavity

  95, whose bottom is pierced with a hole 96 'which extends through the plate 73 and is intended for the passage of a

punch 96.

  The two jaws 90 and 91 thus enclose between them in their respective cavities 92 and 95 the tubular element 7 which they

so hold strong.

  The punching assembly 83 comprises a punch 96 and its support 97 that screws immobilize at the bottom of the groove 98 in U which forms the slide 76. The end of this punch 96 which passes through the support 97 is secured at the end.

  free or anterior of the movable rod 85.

  The pressurized oil discharged by the hydraulic pressure generator C thus pushes the rod 35 of the piston of the jack D 'against the elastic force exerted by the spring 48 which surrounds it, passing through the internal annular duct 41 of

  the breech 32 of the cylinder D 'and then in the chamber 54 which is

  between them the annular guide extension 39 of the cylinder head and the cylindrical core 34 of the cylinder. The stem 35 of

  piston thus advances by compressing the spring 86 and makes

  the slider 76 which itself perforated the tubular element

7 by the punch 96.

  When the hydraulic pressure decreases, a depression is established in the chamber 54, so that the spring 86 back the slide 76 and therefore the rod 35 of the piston of the cylinder, which makes resume the aforementioned elements their original position. The tubular element is then extracted

  7 and perforated between the jaws 90, 91.

  As in the previous embodiment, the whole

  B 'machining bleed thus described acts as a punching machine, but it is also possible to replace the punch 96 with a

  cutting tool to make this set a slitter.

  Figures 8 and 9 show an installation of an assembly according to the invention intended in this case to machine a tubular element 7 of the tubular frame 7 'of a car. The two ends of this tubular element are threaded on the ends 101 of the small diameter of two axes 100 fixed in supports 99 integral with a frame E. On the latter E bolts 103 fix on two angles 80

  examples B 'of the second embodiment of the set

  according to the invention and, by means of their fastening flanges 50, four copies B of the first embodiment of this same assembly, these devices being arranged

  opposite the part of the tubular element which is desired

ner.

  On a platform F that gallows stand

  above the frame E are mounted two hydraulic pressure generators C, a regulator 104, two solenoid valves 105 and an air filter 106, the frame E further supporting a control box G. The frame E and the platform F are part of the same set, the base of the frame E being provided with wheels 107 which

  allow to bring this set to the desired location.

  When, by means of the control box G, the solenoid valve 105 is actuated so as to introduce compressed air into the generators C, the desired machining is carried out in each one.

  aforementioned points of the tubular element 7.

  In the device just described, the two embodiments B, B 'of the machining assembly according to the invention cooperate to perform the machining of the tubular element 7. It is also possible to implement place several machining sets of the first or second type on the frame E. As described above, each of the sets

  machining device according to the invention comprises a hydraulic cylinder com-

  communicating with a hydraulic pressure generator and their simultaneous operation makes it possible to perforate at several points at the same time the tubular element 7, which greatly improves their efficiency of the system according to the invention with respect to the

of a classical system.

  Each of the hydraulic cylinders being connected to the hydraulic pressure generator and then implemented, it can develop a sufficient strength even if its dimensions are small. he

  It is therefore possible to produce on the one hand

  A small space saving swimming pool, each of which is incorporated a hydraulic cylinder and also a group also compact of these sets. It is of course also possible to change places these machining sets to put where it is necessary to flatten or punch the tubular element to be machined. In the context of the present invention, thus mounting on a same base a fixed support and a movable slider whose rear face is in contact with the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder. The latter axially contains a rod whose one end is fixed in the aforementioned slide. A spring recalls the piston rod in the opposite direction to the movement of the hydraulic pressure, so that it is necessary to communicate the cylinder only by a single connection with the hydraulic pressure source to perform

  a machining operation on a tubular element.

  It is therefore not necessary, as in the case of conventional hydraulic cylinders, to equip them with two connectors communicating respectively with the low pressure chamber and the high pressure chamber of their cylinders, which simplifies the structure of the assembly. the fixed support, the slide, the hydraulic cylinder and the springs

  part of the same set of low bulge.

  Still within the scope of the invention and according to a

  conde embodiment, the farthest ends

  one of the other with two jaws sliding on a support

  culminate with the corresponding ends of two levers whose other ends articulate one with the breech and

  the other with the end of the piston rod of a hy-

  hydraulics which, when lying down, makes one get closer to

  the other, the two jaws which clamp together a tubular element

  that it is thus possible to machine on both sides.

  Springs recall the two jaws to their primary position

  mitive, so that it is not necessary to communicate

  connect the hydraulic cylinder by two connections to a source of

  hydraulic pressure. which makes it possible to simplify the structure

  ture and also to reduce the size of the assembly thus designed. One of the ends of the aforementioned levers, the central region of which articulates with the support of the mandrel, is connected to the corresponding end of the hydraulic cylinder, the other ends of these levers being in contact with the farthest extremities. on the other of the two jaws of the mandrel, so that it is possible to increase the pressure

  hydraulic system transmitted by the supply line of this

  rin by extending the lever arms between the articula-

  of these levers with the support of the mandrel and their

  culations with the ends of the cylinder, or by shortening

  the lever arm between the first precise joints

  tees and the point where the free ends of the levers are

  contact with the farthest extremities one of the other

  be chuck jaws. This makes it possible to reach the goal

  followed in the context of the present invention.

  It goes without saying that many modifications can be made to the devices described and represented without

depart from the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

  1. Machine for perforating a structural element   tion (7), characterized in that it comprises the generator (C) of a hydraulic pressure that a pipe (31) transmits to the hydraulic jack (D) of a drill (B) which comprises by   a mandrel (A) with a concentric tightening   nism (43, 71) moves the opposing jaws (57) closer to or away from each other, which are intended to hold the element (7) between two surfaces (60) whose shape corresponds to its own, one at least one of these jaws (57) containing a tool (63) placed   in order to perforate the element (7) thus immobilized.   2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in   what said mechanism comprises levers (43) which   with the opposite ends, on the one hand, the mandrel (A) and on the other hand, the jack (D) which rotates them so as to move the bit (7) towards or away from the element (7).   (57) who enclose or free him thus.   3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the mandrel (A) also comprises springs (71) which oppose the pivoting movement of the levers (43) when the   movement tends to bring the jaws (57) closer to the element (7).