FI95791C - compactor - Google Patents

Description

95791 Waste compactor The present invention relates to a waste compactor according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for demountable-type waste containers.

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Mobile waste bins are used for waste management in department stores, various industrial plants and construction sites, among others. The tank generally includes a steel tank section and a hydraulic press mounted at one end of the tank section to compress the waste into a smaller space against the opposite wall of the tank. The most common type of press consists of a plate in the form of a cross-section of the tank moving inside the tank 10, which is moved by hydraulic cylinders towards the end of the tank. The moving plate compresses the waste collected in the tank tightly, so that a considerably larger amount of waste can be collected in the tank than if the waste were not packed. The press plate is also used to push the waste out of the tank when emptying the tank. For emptying, there is a hatch at the opposite end of the container to the press plate 15, which is opened during emptying. Sealing reduces the need to empty the tank and thus reduces waste management costs, but a press tank is naturally more expensive to obtain than a standard open demountable. '20 A packaging and pressing device such as that described above has several weaknesses. The press plate with its transfer devices, which moves along the longitudinal axis of the tank part, takes up a lot of space.

Since the waste container can only be of a certain length to be suitable for transporting a truck, the press section reduces the transport capacity of the container. As a replacement tank with a press device is relatively expensive, it would be important to be able to handle and transport as much waste as possible at one time. Most of the price of the tank consists of a hydraulic machine and press equipment. A press apparatus based on a longitudinally displacing plate is quite expensive in structure because it must have sturdy guides for the press plate and long cylinders have to be used to transfer the plate due to the long transfer distance. The required pressing force becomes relatively large 3 0 because the surface area of the press plate is large. The tanks are usually square in cross-section, as this gives the unit transported by truck the largest possible volume. However, this shape is not the best in terms of strength 2 95791, and the walls of the tank have to be supported by various support structures.

The filling opening of this type of waste container is in front of the press plate 5 pulled into the rear position at the top of the container. It is therefore difficult to fill the tank because the waste has to be lifted high. Heavier batches must then be broken down into smaller and lighter batches or lifted into the tank by forklift or crane. To facilitate filling of the tank, it can be placed below the filling level in a suitable recess or a staircase and an elevated filling level can be built next to it. However, these structures complicate the placement of the container and make it difficult to move it, and the filling of the container remains difficult, especially when an increased filling level is used, as the waste still has to be lifted to and from the filling level.

In addition to the known solution described above, various fixed waste compactors are known which are used in conjunction with interchangeable containers and packers fixedly connected to waste collection trucks. However, they do not fall within the scope of this invention and differ in structure from presses connected to interchangeable containers.

The object of the present invention is to provide a simple waste press which takes up 2 o little space and can be easily installed in a waste container.

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The invention is based on a telescopic press plate hinged at one end of a waste container, the length of which can be changed by two hydraulic cylinders. Attached to the upper corners of the movable telescopic part of the plate are traction towers, the other ends of which are fixed to the end of the container below the hinge point of the press plate.

More specifically, the waste compactor according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.

30 The invention provides considerable advantages.

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The main advantages of the invention are the small space required and the low waste lifting height achieved by the end installation. The clamp is easy to install on the end wall of the tank and takes up almost no space outside the tank in the closed transport position. Thus, the packer does not increase the length of the container to be transported and is easily transportable by a standard demountable truck. The packer also needs almost no interior space of the container in the closed position, so that the useful space of the container in relation to the external dimensions is made large. The clamp is permanently mounted on the end of the tank, so that it does not have to be removed during transport or emptying.

In addition, it is also ready for operation during transport, so that waste from other collection points can be collected in the deficient tank 10 during the emptying journey 10. During transport, the press can be connected to the car's hydraulic system or operated with its own machine.

Because the press is mounted at the end of the tank and packs the waste into the tank through the opening in its end 15, the lifting height remains very low and is even less than half a meter.

The waste is thus very easy to place in the packer, and since it does not have to be lifted high, it is possible to lift even relatively heavy batches of waste onto the press plate without mechanical assistance. A container equipped with such a press can be easily reversed close to the shop door or a similar waste loading point, leaving a transport distance of 20 small. The end of the container to which the clamp is attached is preferably hinged to the container at its upper edge. This makes it easy to empty the tank by flapping • ‘- allowing the end wall to pivot outwards. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the container is in the shape of a truncated gentle cone and its diameter increases slightly towards the end wall on the press side. Due to the conicity, the container 25 empties easily when tipped and the circular cross-section is economically advantageous and allows a simple and light container structure.

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The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawings.

30 Figure 1 shows one side of a waste compactor according to the invention with its containers.

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Figure 2 shows a top view of the waste press of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 shows the press of Fig. 1 in an enlarged sectional side view.

Figure 4 shows the press of Figure 1 as seen from inside the container.

In the accompanying figures, the waste press according to the invention is attached to the open end of the cylindrical container 1. The container 1 is placed on steel legs 2 and its other end is closed by a hemispherical cap. The opposite end is 10 open. The cylindrical part of the container 1 itself is slightly conical and expands towards the open end. A drain hatch 4 is mounted on the open end of the container 1, which is hinged at its upper edge by a hinge 5 to an edge reinforcement 3 which rotates around the edge of the open end of the container. A waste press is arranged in the middle of the drain hatch 4. Attached to the discharge hatch 4 on the sides of the waste press by hinges 12 are the side doors 6, which open to the sides of the press plate 8, 9 of the waste press and form a waste supply shaft with it. The side doors 6 can be supported in the open position by a support bar 7 placed between them in the upper corner of the doors 6. The waste press is shown in more detail in Figures 3 and 4. The basic idea of the invention 20 is to use a two-part, telescopic press plate. The press plate is fitted in a rectangular opening in the discharge hatch, which is preferably dimensioned approximately * so that standard-sized EUR pallets can be fed into the tank from the opening.

The second part 9 of the press plate is hinged by a joint 10 to the lower edge of the discharge hatch 4, and a movable press plate half 8 is fixed to its edge, which is arranged on the fixed half 9 of the moving ground in the longitudinal direction of the press plate. At the outer edge of the movable press plate half 8 there is a> flange 21 arranged at right angles to the plate. A hydraulic cylinder 14 is arranged on each edge of the press plate 8, 9. 21 to the end of the side. The movable press plate part 8 is further connected by two push rods 17 to the discharge hatch 4. The other end of the push rods 17 is articulated by a joint 16 to the end of the movable press plate part 8 in approximately the same line as the piston rod of the cylinder 14. The other end of the push rods is fixed by a joint 18 in the vertical direction of the container 1 lower than the hinge 10 of the press plate and in the longitudinal direction of the container 1 also at a distance from the hinge 10 of the press plate.

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At the lower edge of the opening of the emptying hatch 4 there is a movable closing plate 11 inside the container 1, which can be moved by two hydraulic cylinders 20 fixed to the sides of this plate 11. The movable closing plate 11 is placed behind a fixed closing plate 19. Its range of motion is from the lower edge of the opening of the discharge hatch 4 to approximately halfway through the opening. Attached to the upper edge 10 of the opening is a free-hanging rubber plate 13, the function of which is to prevent the contents of the container from spilling out when the press plate 8, 9 is in the open position.

The press device described above operates as follows. The container 1 equipped with a press device is transported to the collection point by truck and lowered to a suitable place.

The side doors 6 are now turned one on top of the other against the drain hatch 4 and are now opened and supported in place by a support bar 7. The hydraulic machine of the device is started and when the working pressure is reached, the press plate 8, 9 is turned down to the waste receiving position. In this case, the drive cylinders 14 of the press plate push the plate longer, whereby the push rod 17 turns the plate 8, 9 downwards, because the push rod 17 is articulated to a different point than the lower edge of the press plate. The distance between the pivot point 18 on the discharge hatch side 4 of the push rod 17 and the pivot point 16 on the upper edge of the press plate must remain the same, as the length of the plate increases it must turn towards the push rod 17 and its pivot point 18 on the discharge hatch 4 side.

Before the press plate 8, 9 starts to open, the closing plate 11 inside the emptying hatch 4 rises and prevents any waste already in the container 1 from spilling out onto the press plate 8, 9. The upper edge of the opening is closed by a rubber plate 13. When the press plate 8, 9 is lower in its position, it forms a sink with the supported side plates 6 in which the waste can be placed. The rim 21 at the end 30 of the moving press plate part 8 holds the waste placed on the press plate 8, 9 on the plate. When there is a suitable amount of waste on the press plate 8, 9, the movement of its working cylinders 14 is started and the cylinders 14 6 95791 pull the movable part 9 of the spray plate over the fixed part, whereby the moving part edge 21 pushes the waste into the container. At the beginning of the movement of the press plate, the closing plate 11 is moved to its lower position, whereby the discharge hatch opening is open and waste pushes into the container 1. While the cylinders 14 5 finally inside the tank.

As can be seen from the above, the press plate 8, 9 packs the waste in two different movements. The rim 21 compresses the waste in the direction of the press plate and the turning movement pushes the waste towards the rear of the container 1. The feeding movement by means of the turning movement is directed towards the upper part of the container 1, which always has the most empty space, so the packing movement is directed in the easiest possible direction. In addition, since all the displacements during the packing movement are effected by the linear movement of the working cylinders 14 of the press plate, there is no need to fear leaning of the cylinders 15 and the pressing movement is very strong by choosing the length of the push rod 17 and its articulation points correctly.

When using the device, no muscle force is required at all and it can be used, for example, with button control in the following way.

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First, the filling opening doors 6 are opened and supported in place. The "press plate down" button is then pressed to turn the plate to the packing position. Now the disc can be packed with waste. Next, the "press plate up" button is pressed, whereby the closure plate 11 in front of the plate is pressed down and the press plate is turned up and presses the waste into the container.

When the "press plate down" button is pressed again, the closing plate 11 rises and the press plate 8, 9 pivots down again to the packing position. Thus, to use the device, all you have to do is put the waste on the press plate and press two buttons, so operation is very simple.

30 When the tank 1 is full, the press plate 8, 9 is driven up and the side walls 6 are turned over the emptying hatch 4 and locked. The tank 1 is then lifted onto the body of the truck by means of a wire-operated or hook-operated demountable device and transported for emptying. The press device can be connected to the car's hydraulic system during the transfer, so that more waste can easily be collected in the tank on the way. Of course, the device's own hydraulic machine can also be used during collection.

5 Tank 1 is emptied simply by tipping. When emptying, the lock at the bottom of the emptying hatch 4 is opened and the container 1 is turned up, whereby the emptying hatch 4 opens on the hinge 5 and the waste flows out of the container 1. The emptying of the container 1 is facilitated by its slight conicity.

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In addition to the above, the present invention has other embodiments. Instead of two working cylinders, one cylinder can be used, and in the simplest embodiment only one push rod can be used, but in this case it is difficult to build a sufficiently strong device. The working cylinders are most preferably placed between the parts of the press plate as described in Example 15, but alternatively the other end of the cylinders can be attached to a drain hatch or other suitable fixed structure, for example below the press plate hinge. In this case, however, the cylinder has to move around its articulation point when the press plate is turned, so that the structure is not as advantageous as described in the example. It is also a little more difficult to adjust the paths of the push rod and the clamping plate lever-2 0. Most importantly, however, the other end of the cylinder is attached to a fixed support point so that the attachment allows the press plate to pivot as described above.

The container of the press device may have a different shape than described above. One preferred embodiment could be an ordinary container, but it is more difficult to empty than a conical container. The press device can in principle be attached to the wall of any suitable container.

In principle, corresponding compressed air or electric devices can be used as actuators for the press device.

Claims (7)

1. A waste press connectable to a container (1) with 5. a press disc (8, 9) arranged in an opening present in the container (1), and - means (14, 17) for turning the press disc (8, 9) to a receiving position for the waste and from the receiving position towards the opening in the container (1) for pressing the waste into the container (1) through the opening, the means comprising a shock bar (17) and a drive device for turning the pressing disc (8, 9) characterized in that the press disc comprises at least one first disc part (9) attached to the edge of the opening in the container (1) by means of a threaded hinge (10) and one at the opposite edge with respect to the first part's hinge core (10). Provided in relation to the first part, movable press disc part 20 (8), the first end of the drive device (14) is fixed to a stationary support point (15) and its second end to the movable press disc part (8), so that the moving part (8) is provided slidable relative to the first disc The end (9) by means of the drive (14), and - the one end (16) of the at least one bump bar (17) is attached to the movable disc part (8) and its other end at the stationary support point (18) at a distance from the leading point of the first disk part (9), which enables the pressing disk (8, 9) to be forced by a pushing rod (17) to a pivotal movement by displacing the movable disk part (8). 95791 Dispenser press according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means, (14) and the push rods (17) are two in number and are arranged substantially at the edges of the press disc (8, 9). 3. Scraping press according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized by side plates (6), which are mounted on the lateral side of the pressing disc (8, 9) by means of thread and can be turned into a position where they form with the edges of the pressing disc (8, 9). . 4. Drainage press according to any of claims 1-3, characterized by a locking disc (11) arranged inside the opening (1) of the container (1), which can be lifted so that it at least partially covers the opening, and a rubber disc (13) arranged to be suspended at the upper edge of the opening and at least partially cover the opening. Drainage press according to any of claims 1-4, characterized by a bearing member (21) arranged at the outer edge of the pressing plate (8, 9), which prevents the discharge from sliding off the pressing plate (8, 9). 6. Drainage press according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the container (1) to which the pressing device is attached is a slightly conical container (1), one end of which is closed with a ball socket and whose other end is open. . 7. Drainage press according to claim 6, characterized by a discharge hatch (4), which at its upper edge is connected to the open end of the container by means of hinge 2. and has an opening for the pressing disc (8, 9) and can be opened for emptying the container. · 'Laren (1). «1Ά 95791 Whitenumerot - Jätepuristin / R. Nurmi Oy 1 säiliö 2 jalakset 3 reunavahvike 4 tyhjennysluukku 5 tyhjennysluukun Sarana 6 sivuovet 7 tukitanko 8 Liikkuva puristinlevyn puolikas 9 kiinteä purintinlevyn puolikas 10 puristinlevyn Sarana 11 Liikkuva sulkulevy 12 sivuoven Sarana 13 kuminen sulkulevy 14 puristinlevyn käyttösylinteri 15 käyttösylinterin kiinnitysnivel tyhjennysluukussa 16 työntötangon kiinnitysnivel puristinlevyssä 17 työntötanko 18 työntötangon kiinnitysnivel tyhjennysluukussa 19 kiinteä sulkulevyn 20 liikkuvan sulkulevyn käyttösylinteri 21 liikkuvan sulkulevyn reunus • il ii MS 113 «: '<