FI95389B - Process for manufacturing fibrous composite material and fibrous composite material manufactured by the process - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing fibrous composite material and fibrous composite material manufactured by the process Download PDFInfo
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- FI95389B FI95389B FI923832A FI923832A FI95389B FI 95389 B FI95389 B FI 95389B FI 923832 A FI923832 A FI 923832A FI 923832 A FI923832 A FI 923832A FI 95389 B FI95389 B FI 95389B
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- composite
- impregnated
- web
- composite material
- bitumen
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
- B29C67/248—Moulding mineral fibres or particles bonded with resin, e.g. for insulating or roofing board
- B29C67/249—Moulding mineral fibres or particles bonded with resin, e.g. for insulating or roofing board for making articles of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/502—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] by first forming a mat composed of short fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/60—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Description
1 953891 95389
Menetelmä kuitumaisen komposiittimateriaalin valmistamiseksi ja menetelmällä valmistettu kuitumainen komposiittimateriaali 5 Keksinnön kohteena on menetelmä kuitumaisen kom posiittimateriaalin valmistamiseksi, jossa kuitumaisten lähtöaineiden sekoituksesta muodostetaan ainerata kuiva-muodostusperiaatteella tai vastaavalla. Keksinnön kohteena on myös menetelmällä aikaansaatu kuitumainen komposiitti-10 materiaali.The invention relates to a method for producing a fibrous composite material, in which a mixture of fibrous starting materials is formed into a material web by a dry-forming principle or the like. The invention also relates to a fibrous composite-10 material obtained by the method.
Rakennuksiin ja muihin vastaaviin kohteisiin käytetään lasikuitukomposiitteja, kuten lasikuituhuopaa, läm-möneristysmateriaalien ja kattohuopien yhteydessä. Eristemateriaalit, kuten lasi- ja mineraalivillat sekä poly-15 uretaani, jotka yleensä ovat mattojen, levyjen tai villojen muodossa, pinnoitetaan jälkikäteen tai valmistusprosessin yhteydessä kraft-paperilla, muovikerroksilla, alumiinilaminaateilla tai mainitulla lasikuituhuovalla lujuuden tai eristyskyvyn parantamiseksi. Vaativissa koh-20 teissä, kuten tasakatoissa, eristemateriaali ja vahvistava lasikuituhuopakerros suojataan kosteudelta päällystämällä sitä esim. bitumipohjäisellä tahnalla (piki) tai kattohuovalla. Edelleen vaat i viiruni s sa olosuhteissa, kuten teollisuuslaitosten ja kerrostalojen tasakattorakenteis-V 25 sa, eristemateriaali päällystetään bitumikerroksen lisäksi sorakerroksella, kattohuovalla tai molemmilla, jotta eristemateriaali kestäisi ihmisen painon ilman murtumia tai painaumia. Tällaisen katon rakentaminen on työlästä ja se tulee kaikkine kerroksineen kalliiksi.Fiberglass composites, such as fiberglass felt, are used in buildings and other similar applications in connection with thermal insulation materials and roofing felts. Insulating materials such as glass and mineral wool and poly-urethane, usually in the form of carpets, sheets or wool, are subsequently coated or in connection with the manufacturing process with kraft paper, plastic layers, aluminum laminates or said fiberglass felt to improve strength or insulation. In demanding applications, such as flat roofs, the insulating material and the reinforcing glass fiber felt layer are protected from moisture by coating it with, for example, bitumen-based paste (pitch) or roofing felt. In further demanding conditions, such as the flat roof structure of industrial plants and apartment buildings, the insulating material is coated with a layer of gravel, roofing felt or both in addition to the bitumen layer to withstand the human weight without cracks or dents. Building such a roof is laborious and will be expensive with all its layers.
30 Kattohuovissa lasikuitukerros muodostaa bitumima- ton kantavan kerroksen. Materiaalien valinnassa on lisäksi muistettava sekä asennuksen että käytön asettamat palo-turvallisuusnäkökohdat .30 In roofing felt, the fiberglass layer forms a load-bearing layer on the bitumen mat. In addition, the choice of materials must take into account the fire safety aspects of both installation and use.
Tämän keksinnön tarkoituksena on aikaansaada mene-35 telmä uudentyyppisen komposiittimateriaalin valmistamisek- 2 95389 si ja komposiittimateriaali, joka soveltuu mm. eristemateriaalien päällysteeksi ja kattohuopien tukikerrokseksi rakennuksiin ja vastaaviin kohteisiin. Keksinnön mukaiselle menetelmälle on siten tunnusomaista se, että komposiit-5 timateriaali muodostetaan seuraavissa vaiheissa: sekoitetaan lasi- tai mineraalivillakuituja termoplastista sideainetta olevien ainesosien kanssa, jotka muodostuvat ohuista ja pitkistä kuiduista tai jauhemaisesta materiaalista, 10 muodostetaan sekoituksesta ainerata, tiivistetään ainerataa puristamalla, ja sidotaan ainerata komposiitiksi lämmöllä, sideainetta pehmentämällä tai osittain sulattamalla.The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a new type of composite material and a composite material which is suitable e.g. as a coating for insulating materials and as a support layer for roofing felt for buildings and similar objects. The method according to the invention is thus characterized in that the composite material is formed in the following steps: mixing the glass or mineral wool fibers with components of a thermoplastic binder consisting of thin and long fibers or powdery material, forming a mixture into a material web, compacting a material web, compacting into a composite by heat, softening or partially melting the binder.
Keksinnön mukaisella menetelmällä valmistetulla 15 komposiittimateriaalilla on tunnettuihin pinnoitteisiin nähden useita etuja. Keksinnön mukaisesti aikaansaatu komposiitti on sitkeä ja kestää suuriakin rasituksia murtumatta. Se on myös mittapysyvä, eli materiaalista valmistettu levy ei elä eikä muodosta saumakohdissa rakoja. Li-20 säksi keksinnön mukainen komposiitti saadaan helposti tii-viimmäksi kuin lasikuituhuopa, jolla on hyvin avoin, huokoinen rakenne. Tämä on eduksi mm. siinä, että sitä ei tarvitse tiivistää impregnoimalla sitä esim. bitumilla ainakaan yhtä paljon kuin lasikuituhuopaa. Tiivistämisen 25 tarkoituksena on estää esim. eristemateriaalin muodostus- vaiheessa nestemäisen polyuretaanin valumista komposiitti-kerroksen läpi.The composite material 15 produced by the method of the invention has several advantages over known coatings. The composite obtained according to the invention is tough and can withstand even high stresses without breaking. It is also dimensionally stable, i.e. a plate made of material does not live and does not form cracks at the joints. Therefore, the composite of the invention is easily made denser than a fiberglass felt having a very open, porous structure. This is an advantage e.g. in that it does not need to be compacted by impregnating it with e.g. bitumen at least as much as fiberglass felt. The purpose of the sealing 25 is to prevent, for example, liquid polyurethane from flowing through the composite layer during the step of forming the insulating material.
Tavanomaisista lasikuitukomposiiteista keksinnön mukainen komposiitti eroaa myös kuitutyyppinsä ja sidos-30 menetelmänsä osalta. Käytetty kuitu on villakuitua, ei . vedettyä lasia kuten tavallisesti. Lisäksi tavanomaisissa lasikuitukomposiiteissä käytetään sideaineena nestemäistä, verkkoutuvaa kertamuovia, kuten esim. polyesterihartsia.The composite according to the invention also differs from conventional fiberglass composites in terms of its fiber type and bonding method. The fiber used is wool fiber, no. drawn glass as usual. In addition, conventional fiberglass composites use a liquid, crosslinkable thermoset, such as polyester resin, as a binder.
Keksinnön mukaisella komposiitilla on lisäksi al-35 hainen neliöpaino, eli se on kevyt ja kestää hyvin tait-In addition, the composite according to the invention has a low al-35 basis weight, i.e. it is light and has a good resistance to bending.
Il Utu liiti lii i II ί 3 95389 tamista, puristusta ym. tilan säästöön tähtääviä pakkaus-toimenpiteitä .Il Utu liiti lii i II ί 3 95389 packaging measures aimed at saving space, compression, etc.
Keksinnön kohteena on myös kuitumainen komposiittimateriaali, joka on muodostettu kuitumaisten lähtöaineiden 5 sekoituksista muodostamalla ainerata kuivamuodostusperi-aatteella tai vastaavalla. Tunnusomaista keksinnön mukaiselle komposiittimateriaalille on se, että komposiittimateriaali muodostuu keskenään sekoitetuista lasi- tai mine-raalivillakuiduista ja termoplastista sideainetta olevista 10 ainesosista, jotka muodostuvat ohuista ja pitkistä kuiduista tai jauhemaisesta materiaalista ja jotka on muodostettu aineradaksi, puristettu ja sidottu komposiitiksi sideainetta pehmentämällä tai osittain sulattamalla.The invention also relates to a fibrous composite material formed from mixtures of fibrous starting materials 5 by forming a material web on a dry-forming principle or the like. The composite material according to the invention is characterized in that the composite material consists of mixed glass or mineral wool fibers and thermoplastic binder components consisting of thin and long fibers or a powdered melt or powdered material formed into a web of material, compressed and bonded.
Keksinnön muille edullisille sovellutusmuodoille on 15 tunnusomaista se, mitä jäljempänä olevissa patenttivaatimuksissa on esitetty.Other preferred embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is set out in the claims below.
Keksintöä selostetaan seuraavassa tarkemmin esi-, merkkien avulla viittaamalla oheisiin piirustuksiin, jossa kuvio 1 esittää keksinnön mukaisessa menetelmässä 20 käytettävää komposiittimateriaalin tuotantolinjaa, kuvio 2 esittää keksinnön mukaisen komposiittimateriaalin ,rakennetta, ja kuvio 3 esittää keksinnön mukaisen komposiittimateriaalin käyttöä tasakattorakenteessa.The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a composite material production line used in the method 20, Figure 2 shows the structure of a composite material according to the invention, and Figure 3 shows the use of a composite material according to the invention.
25 Kuviossa 1 on esitetty keksinnön mukaisen kompo siitin ja keksinnön mukaisen menetelmän tuotantolinjaa, jossa kuitumaisten lähtöaineiden sekoituksesta muodostetaan ainerata 3 kuivamuodostuslaitteen formerissa 1 päättymättömälle viiralle 2. Tyypillisesti kuituaines sekoite-30 taan formerissa, edullisesti rumpuformerissa, ja seulotaan viiralle jatkuvana prosessina. Keksinnön mukaan komposiitin muodostavat kuidut ovat pääasiassa lasi- tai mineraa-livillakuituja, joiden pituus tyypillisesti voi olla esim.Figure 1 shows a production line for a composite according to the invention and a method according to the invention, in which a mixture of fibrous starting materials is formed in a dry forming apparatus former 1 on an endless wire 2. Typically the fibrous material is mixed in a former, preferably a drum former, and screened as a continuous process. According to the invention, the fibers forming the composite are mainly glass or mineral wool fibers, the length of which may typically be e.g.
6 mm ja halkaisija 4 - 6 pm. Sideaineen ainesosat muodos-35 tuvat tässä esimerkkitapauksessa samaa kokoluokkaa olevis- I < 9 95389 4 ta termoplastista materiaalia olevista kuiduista, esim. polypropropeenikuiduista tai bikomponenttikuiduista (esim. polyeteenillä päällystetty polypropeenikuitu). Sideaine voi myös muodostua jauhemaisesta termoplastisesta materi-5 aalista. Kuitujen seossuhteet riippuvat tuotteen halutuista ominaisuuksista. Koska lasi- tai mineraalivillakuitu on halvempaa raaka-ainetta kuin muovikuidut, pyrkimyksenä on luonnollisesti muovikuitujen tarpeen minimoiminen annettujen tuoteominaisuuksien puitteissa.6 mm and a diameter of 4 to 6 pm. In this exemplary case, the binder components are formed of fibers of the same size of thermoplastic material, e.g. polypropylene fibers or bicomponent fibers (e.g. polyethylene coated polypropylene fiber). The binder may also be formed of a powdered thermoplastic material. The blending ratios of the fibers depend on the desired properties of the product. Since glass or mineral wool fiber is a cheaper raw material than plastic fibers, the aim is, of course, to minimize the need for plastic fibers within the given product characteristics.
10 Kattohuovan tukikerrosta valmistettaessa voidaan tarvittavan lujuuden varmistamiseksi käyttää pitempiä kuituja ja sideaineena esim. polyamidikuituja tai polyesteri-pohjaisia PET- tai PET-bikomponenttikuituja, jotka huovan valmistusvaiheessa myös sietävät paremmin esim. paksun 15 bitumikerroksen kehittämän kuumuuden kuin polypro-peenikuidut.In the production of the roofing felt support layer, longer fibers can be used to ensure the required strength and, for example, polyamide fibers or polyester-based PET or PET bicomponent fibers can be used as binders, which also tolerate the heat generated by a thick bitumen layer than polypropylene fibers.
Muodostettu ainerata 3 kuljetetaan yhden tai useamman telaparin 4 ja 5 (kompaktori- ja embossingteloja) kautta, joiden muodostamassa nipissä ainerataa tiiviste-20 tään puristamalla. Osittain tiivistetty ainerata 3' viedään lämpösidonta- eli ns. thermobonding-uuniin 7, jossa sideainekuidut pehmennetään tai sulatetaan osittain lasi-tai mineraalikuitujen yhteensitomiseksi kolmiulotteiseksi rakenteeksi. Uunin jälkeen valmis komposiitti 8 mahdolli-25 sesti vielä kuumakalanteroidaan kalantereiden 9 ja 10 välissä, jolloin lopputuloksena saadaan enemmän tai vähemmän kompakti komposiittimatto 11.The formed material web 3 is conveyed through one or more pairs of rollers 4 and 5 (compactor and embossing rolls), in the nip formed by which the material web is pressed by a seal-20. The partially compacted material web 3 'is subjected to a thermal bonding or so-called to a thermobonding furnace 7, in which the binder fibers are partially softened or melted to bond the glass or mineral fibers into a three-dimensional structure. After the furnace, the finished composite 8 is optionally still hot calendered between calenders 9 and 10, resulting in a more or less compact composite mat 11.
Ainerataa voidaan em. prosessin aikana suihkuttaa erilaisilla lisäaineilla tietyn ominaisuusprofiilin ai-30 kaansaamiseksi. Kuviossa 1 on esitetty miten ainerataa 3' suihkutetaan suuttimista 6 ylhäältä ja alhaalta lisäaineella, kuten kertamuovihartsilla sidotun radan 8 jäykkyyden parantamiseksi. Komposiittia 8 voidaan myös impregnoida uunin jälkeen polymeerin esiasteella, kuten monomee-35 rilla jälkipolymerointia varten.During the above-mentioned process, the substance path can be sprayed with various additives in order to obtain a certain property profile ai-30. Figure 1 shows how the web 3 'is sprayed from the nozzles 6 from above and below with an additive such as thermosetting resin to improve the stiffness of the bonded web 8. Composite 8 can also be impregnated after the furnace with a polymer precursor such as monomer 35 for post-polymerization.
m 5 95389m 5 95389
Kuviossa 2 on esitetty poikkileikkaus keksinnön mukaista komposiittia hyödyntävästä eristemateriaalista Alimpana on eristemateriaali 13, esim. polyuretaani, seu-raava kerros 12 on keksinnön mukaista komposiittia joka on 5 kyllästetty bitumilla, ja päällimmäinen kerros 14 on polyeteenikalvosta tai nonwoven-kankaasta muodostettu suoja-kerros. Lähinnä varastointi vaatii tämän suojakerroksen, koska muuten pinoihin järjestetyt tai rullalle käärityt eristemateriaalikerrokset tarttuvat toisiinsa bitumipin-10 noistaan.Figure 2 shows a cross-section of an insulating material utilizing a composite according to the invention. At the bottom there is an insulating material 13, e.g. polyurethane, the next layer 12 is a composite according to the invention impregnated with bitumen and the top layer 14 is a protective layer of polyethylene film or nonwoven. Mainly, storage requires this protective layer, because otherwise the layers of insulating material arranged in stacks or wrapped in a roll will adhere to each other from their bitumen surfaces.
Tämäntyyppinen monikerrosmateriaali soveltuu erinomaisesti kattomateriaaliksi, eikä se vaadi muuta käsittelyä kuin levyjen tai mattojen saumojen tiivistämistä sekä kattobitumoinnin huopineen. Jättämällä eristekerros 13 15 pois ja muodostamalla bitumoitu komposiittikerros 12 riittävän paksuksi, on rakenne periaatteessa keksinnön mukaisella komposiitilla vahvistettu kattohuopa. Toisaalta, mikäli bitumointi kerroksessa 12 korvataan esim. alumiinila-minaattikerroksella, aikaansaadaan keksinnön mukaisen kom-20 posiitin avulla tehokas ja kaasutiivis eristysmateriaali mitä erilaisimpiin teknisiin tarkoituksiin.This type of multilayer material is ideal as a roofing material and requires no treatment other than sealing the joints of boards or carpets and roofing with felting. By omitting the insulating layer 13 15 and forming the bituminous composite layer 12 sufficiently thick, the structure is in principle a roofing felt reinforced with the composite according to the invention. On the other hand, if the bitumen in the layer 12 is replaced, for example, by an aluminum laminate layer, the composite according to the invention provides an effective and gas-tight insulating material for a wide variety of technical purposes.
Keksinnön mukaisen komposiitin ominaisuudet voidaan vaihdella lisäaineiden avulla, kuten lasi- tai mineraali-villakuitujen ja sidosainekuitujen välisen adheesion edis-", 25 tävillä aineilla (vrt. kuvio 1). Valmista komposiittia voidaan myös impregnoida polymeerin esiasteella, eli mono-meerilla, jolloin komposiitti valmistuessaan on taipuisa puolivalmiste, joka voidaan asennuspaikalla kovettaa esim. lämmön tai säteilyn avulla kovaksi kuoreksi. Vielä eräs 30 mahdollisuus on kyllästää keksinnön mukaista komposiittia ’ s superabsorbenttlaineella, esim. geelimuodossa olevalla superabsorbenttikuidulla, jolloin se pystyy imemään itseensä huomattavan määrän vettä rakenteen siitä huonontumatta .The properties of the composite according to the invention can be varied by means of additives such as adhesion promoters between glass or mineral wool fibers and binder fibers (cf. Fig. 1). The finished composite can also be impregnated with a polymer precursor, i.e. a monomer, is a flexible semi-finished product which can be hardened at the installation site, e.g. by heat or radiation, to a hard shell.Another possibility is to impregnate the composite of the invention with a superabsorbent, e.g. a gel-like superabsorbent fiber, so that it can absorb a considerable amount of water
« • « 95389 6«•« 95389 6
Kuviossa 3 on esitetty miten tasakattoisen rakennuksen katto päällystetään keksinnön mukaisella pinnoitteella varustetuilla eristyslevyillä. Rakennuksen 15 sisäkatto 16 voi muodostua laudoituksesta, peltiprofiilile-5 vyistä, betonilaatasta tms. rakenteesta. Sen päälle sijoitetaan vierekkäin keksinnön mukaisesti pinnoitettuja eris-tyslevyjä 17, jotka muodostuvat eristekerroksesta 18 sekä sitä päällystävästä bitumikyllästetystä komposiittikerrok-sesta 19. Kun koko katto on katettu eristelevyillä 17, on 10 se saumakohtien 20 tiivistämisen ja huovanlevityksen jälkeen valmis. Tiivistäminen voidaan tehdä esim. bitumilla sivelemällä tai muulla vastaavalla tavalla. Näin aikaansaadaan helposti ja edullisesti stabiili ja mm. kävelyä kestävä kattoeristys.Figure 3 shows how the roof of a flat-roofed building is covered with insulation boards with a coating according to the invention. The ceiling 16 of the building 15 may consist of a boarding, sheet metal profile strips, concrete slab or the like structure. On top of it, placed insulation boards 17 coated according to the invention are placed side by side, which consist of an insulation layer 18 and a bitumen-impregnated composite layer 19 covering it. When the entire roof is covered with insulation boards 17, it is ready after sealing and felting the joints 20. Compaction can be done, for example, by brushing with bitumen or in another similar way. In this way, a stable and e.g. walking-resistant roof insulation.
15 Alan ammattimiehelle on selvää, että keksinnön eri sovellutusmuodot eivät rajoitu yllä esitettyihin esimerkkeihin, vaan että ne voivat vaihdella jäljempänä olevien patenttivaatimusten puitteissa.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples set forth above, but may vary within the scope of the claims below.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI923832A FI95389C (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Process for manufacturing fibrous composite material and fibrous composite material manufactured by the process |
| PCT/FI1993/000333 WO1994004598A1 (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1993-08-25 | Method for the production of a fibrous composite material, and a fibrous composite material produced by the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI923832 | 1992-08-26 | ||
| FI923832A FI95389C (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Process for manufacturing fibrous composite material and fibrous composite material manufactured by the process |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI923832A0 FI923832A0 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
| FI923832A FI923832A (en) | 1994-02-27 |
| FI95389B true FI95389B (en) | 1995-10-13 |
| FI95389C FI95389C (en) | 1996-01-25 |
Family
ID=8535767
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI923832A FI95389C (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Process for manufacturing fibrous composite material and fibrous composite material manufactured by the process |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FI (1) | FI95389C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994004598A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0638414A3 (en) * | 1993-08-11 | 1995-04-26 | Gen Electric | Non-woven material used as substrates in thermoplastic composite roof panels. |
| US5681361A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1997-10-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method of making an abrasive article and abrasive article produced thereby |
| US8734613B1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2014-05-27 | Usg Interiors, Llc | Glass fiber enhanced mineral wool based acoustical tile |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2535246A1 (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-05-04 | Saint Gobain Isover | ROOF SEALING INSULATION PANELS, METHOD AND DEVICES FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE |
| IT1188405B (en) * | 1986-03-03 | 1988-01-14 | Montedison Spa | PROCESS FOR THE CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF THERMOFORMABLE THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES |
-
1992
- 1992-08-26 FI FI923832A patent/FI95389C/en active
-
1993
- 1993-08-25 WO PCT/FI1993/000333 patent/WO1994004598A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1994004598A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| FI923832A0 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
| FI923832A (en) | 1994-02-27 |
| FI95389C (en) | 1996-01-25 |
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