FI92546C - Trailed or semi-trailed seed drill or fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

92546

Trailed or semi-trailed seed drillMachine or fertilizer

The invention relates to a trailed or semi-trailed seeding machine or fertilizer which handles the material to be sown by the silo structure 5; shedsScrews attached to the structure for sowing; compacting the ground by means of a roller device divided into at least two sections of a wide drum or a plurality of laterally stationary jyres which are not rigidly supported relative to each other; possibly with the roller device at least in part acting as a transport gear for the machine; at least one hydraulic system for raising and lowering the hydraulic cylinder and the associated rims connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor, which is pressurized from the hydraulic system of the traction unit and is connected thereto, to provide a suitable working depth and transport position relative to the ground; and at least one weighting cylinder of the lifting and lowering cylinder acting on one or more parts of the roller device, the range of movement of the lifting and lowering cylinders being limited at least in the downward direction by a column of fluid system connected to the hydraulic cylinder and substantially connected to the drill.

In known seed drills or fertilizers, the roller device may consist, for example, of one or more metal toe rollers, cylindrical drums or other suitable elements, the side projection of which is rotary and mounted to rotate relative to the frame structures. In the case of trailed seed drills or fertilizers, the surface of the roller must also be soft, so that it is possible to drive on a hard surface during transport if the roller acts as a transport wheel.

If the working width of the drill or fertilizer is small, for example less than 2.5 m, the roller device may be rigid in construction; that is, it does not have to conform to the transverse ground surface irregularities of the machine 35. With a working width of 2,92546, more than 2.5 m, the rolling effect per seed row with a rigid construction begins to be compromised, because at such a large full width, even larger transverse surface irregularities in the machine may occur.

5 In one seed fertilizer, the roller device consists of a plurality of separately sprung roller hydrides for removing the above-described defect, the working depth of the rims being controlled by reaction rods attached to the roller suspension suspensions. The suspension of the JyrapyOrie is matched to the suspension of 10 rims. Such a seed fertilizer is mainly suitable for so-called no-till, ie so-called direct sowing. In conventional seeding, it is desired that the working height of the seed wheels be controlled to the level of the bottom of the working layer, and not in a forced manner as in the 15 machines in question, so that this machine is less suitable for general use and is often expensive with reaction wheels.

FI patent publication 82351 discloses a seed fertilizer in which a plurality of rollers are suspended, in the case preferably mentioned in publication 20, on a plurality of support arms, each with its own hydraulic cylinder between the arm and the machine frame structures. The cylinders are connected together in a closed system, where the cylinders are a common fixed volume oil space. In this system, the adjustment of the roller wheels to the unevenness of the ground • is undoubtedly good, but the machine is complex and expensive. An additional cost to this structure is that when the hydraulic cylinder system is closed, the hoop cannot be raised with the same cylinders in, for example, 30 field roasts, transport runs, etc. Thus, a separate lifting system has to be built on the hoop. Another disadvantage is that the hydraulic system, which is intended to be a fixed volume in use, is not a fixed volume due to leaks, but the amount of hydraulic fluid must be monitored and, if necessary, replenished as a separate step.

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The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks described above and to provide a seed drill or fertilizer with a large working width in which a sufficiently uniform weight of the roller device over the entire working width of the roller device is achieved at low cost and in a relatively simple manner. has adapted to the surface irregularities of the earth.

The set head is achieved with the seed drill or fertilizer 10 according to the invention, which is characterized in that the weighting cylinder is connected in parallel with the lifting and lowering cylinders by means of the construction of together with the lifting and lowering cylinder, a roller distribution with a desired, generally uniform weight distribution over its working width; and that the support structures of the parts of the roller device are connected to each other and to the support arms in a substantially rotatable manner in the direction of the axis of the roller device and articulated with respect to the direction of travel.

By means of the invention, it is possible to advantageously combine the advantageous properties of a rigid and ground-surface-conforming grain structure by forming a silent shape of a rigid structure with completely separately sprung pyrol; and utilizing the same hydraulic system, both the elevation of the silo structure and the associated rim and the weighting of the roller device can be realized. In addition, the hydraulic system is such that it is not necessary to substantially change the structure of the hoop and silo structure of the trailed seed fertilizer.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which 4 92546 Figures 1 to 3 show schematic rear view of embodiments of a machine according to the invention, and Figures 4 and 5 show an example of a hydraulic system

The seed fertilizers shown in the figures are used for sowing seed and fertilizer in silage structure 1, for cultivating 2 and 3 fertilizers connected to silage structure 1 and for fertilizing the seed, for fertilizing, sowing and fertilizing the soil. to a tractor not shown in the figures.

15 In addition, the seed drill comprises hydraulic cylinders 6 connected between the silo structure 1 and the roller wheel 4 and placed on the side of the machine for raising and lowering the silo structure 1 and the associated rims 3 and 4 with the ground, as well as with the two lifting and lowering cylinders 6. weighting cylinder 7.

In the exemplary cases according to the figures, the roller pyramid 4 is divided into three groups 4A stacked by several roller trays 4a. The roller gears 4a of each group 4A are supported on the same axis and are stationary with respect to each other, but the groups 4A can instead move in a substantially vertical direction with respect to each other. In the examples of Figures 1 and 2, the groups 4A are articulated to each other, the articulation being such that the articulation points 8 can rotate about a line substantially parallel to the direction of traction and that said points 8 can move in a substantially vertical direction. In the example of Figure 3, the groups 4A are supported on the storage structure 1 separately from each other.

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The range of movement of the lifting and lowering cylinders 6 is limited at least in the lowering direction, preferably also in the lifting direction. by means of said liquid column. The purpose of the weighting cylinder 7 is to press down or pull downwards on the roller wheel 4 a certain group 4A or on the roller wheel 4 from a certain point in order to obtain a uniform weighting over the entire width of the roller wheel 4. In the examples of Figs. wherein the weighting cylinder 7 acts on all groups 4A. In this case, the cylinders 6 act somewhat on the middle group 4A of myOs. In the pre-20 mark according to Fig. 3, the lifting and lowering cylinders 7 act only on the outermost groups 4A, and the weighting cylinders 7 in turn act on the middle group 4A, as well as on the inner edges of the outermost groups 4A.

In the hydraulic cylinder system described above, it is such that when the working height of the seed fertilizer is adjusted in the lifting and lowering cylinders 6, the pressure acting in the lifting and lowering cylinders 6 is distributed evenly between all cylinders 7, according to the weight cylinder. weighting over the entire working width of the seed chamber 30. This presupposes that the oil spaces of all cylinders 6 and 7 are suitably connected and that the lifting and lowering cylinders 6 do not bottom out during the lifting or lowering phase, i.e. their range of motion is limited as described above. the hydraulic system is connected to the tractor's hydraulic system 92546 6. tends to be evenly distributed in all cylinders 6 and 7, the epS flatnesses of the ground surface cause the valves of cylinders 6 and 7 to flow continuously in use and that the cylinders are constantly under the same pressure in all cylinders 10 and cylinders 6 and 7. in the positions, i.e. each point of the roller-hydride group 4A or the roller-hydrator 4 always presses the ground with the same force, regardless of the shape of the ground surface.

In the cases of Figures 1 and 3, the stability of the seed drill to prevent tilting can be provided by means of support arms 9 between the silage structure 1 and the outermost roller rails 4A, which are acted upon by the lifting and lowering cylinders 6, mechanically non-rotating with the seed drill. by constructing the mounting frames 10 shown in the figures, to which the roller wheels 4a are attached, sufficiently rigid.

In the case of Fig. 2, the operation may otherwise be in principle, as in the examples of Figs. 1 and 3, but anti-tilt stability is provided by a system in which one of the lifting and lowering cylinders 6 is a second slave cylinder and in which the oil from the traction is guided to the slave cylinder. to the cylinder 6. The structure of the mounting frames 10 corresponds to that shown in Figures 1 and 3.

According to Figures 4 and 5, the upper and lower positions of the lifting and lowering cylinders 6 can be arranged, for example, electro-hydraulically using limit switches or directly by a mechanically controlled valve 12. The absolute stroke measurement of the cylinder 6 can be used by placing, for example, an electrical measurement. 35 telema structures. Taildin can be used for measurement data and

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7 92546 using the control system 12, 13 controlling the cylinder 6 in the desired manner. A mechanism, position of limit switches, etc. can be obtained, in which case the penetration depth or rise height of the hoops 2, 3 is in the rain-5 range.

Figure 4 shows the limit switch principle (limit switches 11). Figure 5 illustrates the mechanical control of the valve 12. In the example of Figure 4, it is advantageous to use an electrically controlled valve 13.

In both cases, for example, during travel, the limiter members 11, 15 providing a lower position limiting function can be provided by a wire 14 or a spindle or other motor 15, whereby the working depth of the seed drill can be obtained during driving.

Assuming that the immersion of the wheels 4a in the ground, which partly determines the fullness of the machine, varies with the filling level of the silo structure and thus the pressure of the myGs cylinders 6, an automatic correction circuit 17 can be added to the system, which controls, for example, the cylinder 20 the depth at which the machine settles.

Since there is always a pressure in the cylinder 6, it is possible to take advantage of this feature, preferably by using the pressure gauge 18 of the cylinder 6 to monitor the degree of filling of the silicides in the siloOra field 1.

25 Today, drills and fertilizers are often of the so-called semi-trailer type, which means that part of the weight of the machine is in its own weight and the rest of the weight is transferred to the axle weight of the tractor. Semi-trailer machines can be connected to either the drawbar or the towbar of the tractor's three-point linkage. The height of the towbar is constant when driving, but the height of the towbars can be changed using the tractor's hydraulic system.

If the position of the wheels of the semi-trailer seed drill or fertilizer, when viewed from the side, moves from the rear to the rear of the machine's center of gravity, the machine's 8 92546 drawbar weight will increase. This is the case in the applications presented above, which combine transport and roller & pydrSstd 4 behind the machine. For this reason, when smaller tractors are used as a tractor, it may be necessary to connect the implement to the towing of 5 tractor towbars located in the direction of travel and the rear axle, rather than the drawbars. When towing the drawbars, the tractor's maneuverability may be reduced, as the drawbar weight is applied to the ends of the drawbars behind the rear axle of the tractor.

10 If the drill or fertilizer is not attached

on the drawbar but on the towbar, when lifting the machine ylds, divide the height of the front of the machine as a problem, because the towbar is at a fixed height. The problem is strong in the application example according to the invention (Fig. 5), the rat-15 is stripped by placing the cylinder 19 in the machine drive device 5 or substantially influencing it so that as the length of the cylinder 19 changes the height of the drive point 5 relative to other machine structures. The easiest way to do this is for the angular position of the traction device 5 with respect to the frame structures of the machine 20 to change as the length of the cylinder 19 changes. The drive device 5 can be constructed to be mechanically controlled by its angular position, whereby when lifting the machine, the mechanism keeps the machine in a suitable position, most likely horizontally, during lifting.

Since it may be important that the sequence of movement of the actual lifting and lifting cylinders 6 and the cylinder 19 located in or substantially acting on the drive device 5, which may be one or more, when lifting or lowering the machine is essential for the operation of the machine, a valve system can be provided , mechanically or electrically controlled, which defines the ascending order. In addition to this, system systems can be arranged to pass? tusjSystem, which can be controlled, for example, from the cab of the tractor, in which case the driver can himself determine the ascent sequence in special mode.

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The foregoing description and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate the invention by way of example only. The details of the invention may vary considerably within the scope of the appended claims. Thus, the roller device may consist of, for example, two or more drums or the like substantially wider than one roller roller, the number of parts of the roller device being considerably smaller than the number of individual roller wheels and their placement being freely selectable, e.g. two weighting cylinders symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of said part.

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Claims (1)

A towed or semi-trailed seed drill or fertilizer that feeds the silage structure (1) with respect to the material to be sown; The rims (2, 3) connected to the silo structure (1) are sown; a compacting device (4) for compacting the ground, which is divided into at least two parts (4A) of the roller drum (4a) which are not laterally immovable relative to each other and which are not rigidly supported relative to each other; when the roller device is possibly operating, myOs is at least partially driven by the machine's transport wheel; a hydraulic cylinder (6) 15 pressurized from at least one hydraulic system of the tractor to raise and lower the hydraulic cylinder (1) and the associated rims (2,3) connected to the stump of the roller structure (4) to provide a suitable filling depth and transport position relative to the ground; and at least one weighting cylinder (7), lifting and lowering cylinder 20 (6) acting on one or more parts (4A) of the roller device, the range of movement of the lifting and lowering cylinder 20 (6) being limited at least in the downward direction by a valve system substantially connected to the seed drill; characterized in that the weighting cylinder (7) is connected in parallel with the lifting and lowering cylinder (6), the force exerted by the weighting cylinder (7) being imparted by the dimensioning and mechanism of the structures of the cylinder (7) and associated roller parts (4A), together with the lifting and lowering cylinder (6) for the roller wheel (4) at its working width-30a the desired, generally uniform weight distribution; and that the support structures (10) of the parts (4A) of the roller device are connected to each other and to the support arms (9) substantially non-rotatably in the axial direction of the roller device (4) and articulated with respect to the axis in the direction of travel. II 92546 Bogserbar or halbogserbar sånings- eller GOds-lingsmaskin, som omfattar en behållarkonstruktion (1) fbr 5 såningsmaterial; to the construction (1) of the bill (2, 3) fttr såningen; en vSltanordning (4) f5r komprimering av jorden, vilken anordning har delats i ämtmin-stone två delar (4A) omfattande en bred trumma eller flera i Århandlande till varandra sidledes ordrliga vaithjul 10 (4a), vilka delar inte har stdt to each other; varvid våltanordningen eventuellt fungerar Sven åtminstone delvis som maskinens transporthul; The feed and the traction of the hydraulic machine of the drag machine are equipped with a hydraulic system (1) and vTltanord-15 and (4) a hydraulic cylinder (6) with a hose and a connection with the hydraulic structure (1) and (3) and more flanders to the market for the purpose of transport and transport; samt ätminstone en belastningscylinder (7), som invertar på en 20 eller flera delar (4A) i våltanordningen, varvid h5j- och sånkcylinderns (6) sin hdjd kan regulleras med ett till maskinen aslutet ventilsystem; Kånneteck-25 nad darav, the helical cylinder (7) having a parallel assembly to the main and cylindrical cylinders (6), the colors being formed from the cylindrical cylinder (7) by means of a cylindrical cylinder (7) and the dimensioning and the mechanism of the longitudinal component (4A) construction of up to 30 monomers with a single cylinder and a cylindrical cylinder (6) with a cross-section (4); and a structural structure (10) and a transducer (4A) with a stem and a transducer (9) with a left-hand conveyor and a transducer (4).