FI89043B - Antistatic mixture, detergent composition containing it, and method for washing or drying of laundry - Google Patents

Abstract

Novel diamides and/or triamides contain moieties derived from trialkylacetic acids and diamines and/or triamines. The acids have 1-10C alkyl gps. to a total of 3-12C. The amines contain 2-100 alkylene gps. and/or poly(oxy(2-4C)alkylene)1-40 (1-10C)alkylene gps. Multi-functional amides derived from the latter have formulae (I) or (II); A = 1-20C alkyl or H; T = H or CH3; R = 4-13C neoalkyl; n = 1-40; x, y, z = 1-8; and x+y+z = 4-10. In (I) or (II), A = 1-3C alkyl; T = CH3; R has 4-9 (esp. about 9)C; x, y, z = 1-3 with a total 4-8(esp. 4.5-6); n = 2-7 (esp. about 5.6). Other pref. prods. are the diamides derived from 2-6C diamines (esp. ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine) and neodecanoic acid.

Description

! 89043

The present invention relates to a composition consisting of novel alkanoamides which have been found to be adsorbed from washing and rinsing water to fibrous materials such as household laundry garments, in particular polyester fabrics, and especially their synthetic polymeric fabrics. which have been found to give such fabrics particularly good anti-static properties so as to prevent the accumulation and development of electrostatic charges therein. More specifically, the present invention relates to a mixture of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamides of polyamine or polyamines which can be used as an antistatic agent for materials made of fibers or fibers. The mixture of the invention is characterized in that the trialkylacetic acid moieties of the polyamides have 1 to 10 carbon atoms in each of their alkyls and that the polyamine moieties of the polyamides contain 2 to 5 amino groups. These compounds will henceforth be referred to as polyamides and polyamines or multamides and multamines. They contain at least two amide and two amine groups, respectively. Also included in the invention are antistatic detergents, fabric softeners and other laundry detergent compositions, as well as methods for treating laundry with such compositions in washing, rinsing or other steps to impart anti-static properties to the laundry.

.... Neodecanoin and neopentanoic acids have recently been marketed by Exxon Chemical Americas and are described in an article in this company's publication entitled Neo Acids Properties, Chemistry and Applications (copyright 1982). Other neoalkanoic acids have been prepared, such as neoheptanoic acid, neononanoic acid, and a mixture of neododecanoic, neotri-decanoic, and neotetradecanoic acids. The amides of neoacids and their preparation methods are described extensively on page 10, column 1 of this publication and mention 2 89043 uses of various neodecanoamides, such as pesticides, plasticizers (for polyvinyl chloride), foaming agents, foaming agents, foaming agents, lubricants, . However, there is no mention of the doped multi-amides of the present invention or their use as antistatic agents in laundry.

A computer search of U.S. Patents 1950-1984 and Chemical Abstract Publications 1967-1985 discloses U.S. Patent 4,440,666 for a hydrocarbon liquid containing a minor portion of a reaction product of a polyalkylene polyamine and a neoic acid having 5 to 20 carbon atoms in which the amide acts as an anti-corrosion agent. This patent does not disclose any of the polyamides of the present invention and does not suggest that any of these compounds have antistatic properties.

Because modern synthetic organic detergents are such excellent cleaners, the laundry they wash often lacks the desired softness. Since synthetic polymeric fibers, which are present in a large proportion of the fabrics of such laundry, tend to accumulate unfavorably static charges generated during machine drying or when the fabrics rub against other materials which have such a tendency to accumulate static charge, resulting in discharging or sparking, researched and attempted to invent substances which, when added to detergent compositions or rinsing waters or otherwise used, would reduce the static charge of laundry or prevent the accumulation of such charge.

Quaternary ammonium salts such as di-lower alkyl-di-higher alkyl ammonium halides, for example dimethyl distearyl ammonium chloride, have been used as fabric softeners in detergents, fabric softening compositions to be added to rinse water, and in papers, sponges and the like. tumble dryers in which they transfer such cationic substances to rotary laundry. Some amines have also been found to be useful in some of these uses. But because such cationic agents react adversely with anionic detergents, their use in anionic detergent compositions results in the formation of detrimental reaction products and causes a loss of detergency. Such cationic substances also react with optical brighteners, causing a deterioration of the clarification result.

The present invention is based on the discovery of some neutral amides which are insoluble in water and which may be in the desired oily or plastic flowable or spreadable form at normal operating temperatures, for example 10-90 ° C, preferably 10-60 ° C. Particulate amides that have the desired physical properties and that can be adsorbed or otherwise deposited on laundry from wash water or rinse water in a washing machine, or that can settle on dry laundry in a dryer are polyamides of neoalkanoic acids. Such novel compounds for use in the invention are polyamides of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamine or amines suitable as antistatic agents for fibrous or fibrous materials, and the trialkylacetic acid moieties have 1 to 10 carbon atoms in each of its alkyls and the polyamine moieties contain 2 to 5 amino groups. Preferred polyamides are those in which the sum of the alkyl carbon atoms of each trialkylacetic acid moiety is 3 to 12 and the polyamine moiety is a diamine or triamine moiety in which the alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and / or polyoxyalkylene groups combine the amide groups of the polyamide. In such compounds, the oxyalkylene of polyoxyalkylene groups contains 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and the number of such oxyalkylene groups in each polyoxyalkylene group is 1 to 40, and the alkylene of the polyoxyalkylene-alkylene group has 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The invention encompasses detergent compositions, rinse compositions and "dryer products" containing said polyamides, and methods of using such polyamides in laundry for washing, rinsing and drying cycles.

In this description, the polyamides, component groups, parts and their substituents and reactants used in the invention will be referred to in unit form as well as the components of detergent compositions, rinse aids and dryer products, but it should be understood that mixtures thereof are also meant. When "neoalkyl" is mentioned, it is intended to mean a "residue" of neoalkanoic acid after its carboxyl has been removed.

Neodecanoic acid, commercially available from Exxon Chemical Americas, the best grade and grade, is prepared synthetically by reacting branched nonene and carbon monoxide at high pressure and elevated temperature with the addition of an aqueous acid catalyst (Koch reaction). The general mechanism involves the formation of a carbonium ion followed by complexation with carbon monoxide and a catalyst to form a "complex" which is then hydrolyzed to form the free acid. The formula for the free acid is: R2

, I

R1-C-COOH

13 R3 wherein the number of carbon atoms in the sum of R1 + R2 + R3 is 8; about 31% of neodecanoic acid is structured such that R 2 and R 3 are both methyl and R 1 is hexyl; 67% is of the formula wherein R 2 is methyl, R 3 is higher in carbon than methyl and lower than R 1, and R 1 is lower in carbon than hexyl and higher than R 3; and 2% is of the formula wherein R 2 and R 3 are both higher in number of carbon atoms than methyl and lower in R 1, and the number of carbon atoms in R 1 is lower than in hexyl and higher than that of R 2 and R 3. The dissociation constant (Ka) for neodecanoic acid is 4.20 x 10'6. Other 5,89043 neoalkanoic acids that are available and can be used include those having a carbon atom content of between 5-14 or 5-16 carbon atoms, such as neopentanoin, neo-heptanoin, neononanoin, neodecanoin, neodode-cananoin, neotridecanoin and neotetradecanoic acids. As previously mentioned, the polyamines are preferably diamines or triamines. Triamines are primarily alkylene-polyoxyalkylene triamines as sold under the trademark Jeffamine® by Texaco Chemical Company. Of these, Jeffamine T-403 of the formula is preferred

T

CH2 (OCH2 CH) jjNHj A-CCH2 (0CH2CTH) yNH2

CH2 (OCH2 CH) 2 NH2 T

where A «is ethyl, T = methyl and x + y + z = 5.3. In diamines, both of their amino groups are connected to each other via an alkylene-polyoxyalkylene moiety or via a lower alkylene group. Of the commercially available diamines containing oxyalkylene groups, Jeffamines are preferred and the formula of these compounds is

H2NCHCH2 (OCH2 CH) nNH2 T T

In the formula, T is methyl and n is 2-10, more preferably 2-7. Among these compounds that can be used are: Jeffamine D-230, where n is on average 2.6, Jeffamine D-400, where n is 5.6, and Jeffamine D-2000, where n is 33.1. Of these diamines, Jeffamine D-230 is considered the best. Useful non-alkoxylated diamines include alkylenediamines having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine.

Instead of neoalkanoic acids, the corresponding acid halides can be used to prepare the polyamides in question.

6,89043 These substances are normally used as acid chlorides, such as neodecanoyl chloride, available from the Lucidol Division of Pennwalt Corporation and described in their bulletin, Acid Chlorides, printed in September 1982, which also describes in general terms the reactions between acid chlorides and amines.

Polyamides of the formula T 0 are suitable for the mixtures according to the invention

I II

CH2 (OCH2 Cm ^ CR A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) yNHCOR

CH, (OCH, CH) NHCR

I II

T o ja

OH O

Il I II

RCNHCCH, (OCH, CH) _NHCR

I I

T T

wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and hydrogen, T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen, R is neoalkyl of 4 to 13 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 40 and x, y and z are each numbers 1-8, and their sum is 4-10, can be prepared by reacting neoalkanoyl chloride with a suitable polyamine, but cheaper synthesis occurs directly from the appropriate neoalkanoic acid by reacting it with such polyamine at elevated temperature. Unfortunately, the product of this reaction is often darker in color than would be desirable, apparently due at least in part to the fact that the reaction takes place at an elevated temperature. It has been found that the use of ethylene glycol in the reaction mixture as a "catalyst" allows the reaction to be carried out at a lower temperature, and in this way the color of the product is improved. Work is currently being done to find other catalysts that promote a direct condensation reaction to yield a product, 7 89043, which is a better color. The color of the product can be improved by using a more expensive reaction with neoalkanoyl chloride, but the possibility of a direct condensation method to obtain a product with a better color is constantly being explored.

In the direct condensation process, trialkylacetic acid (or neoalkanoic acid) and polyamine are often reacted at a suitable elevated temperature, often between 180-320 ° C, for example between about 230-250 ° C, for about 1 / 2-8 h, preferably 1-4 h and often using nitrogen or other inert gas as a "cover" over the reaction and stirring is continued throughout the reaction and water of condensation is continuously removed during the reaction. In some processes, especially exothermic, cooling may be preferred and reactions may occur at or slightly above room temperature. The melting points of the products are normally so low that the products are liquids, mainly viscous oily liquids. Such a physical state is unusual for primary and secondary amides of comparable or even lower molecular weight, as amide groups are characterized by strong intermolecular forces. However, the viscous oily liquid form of the substances used in the compositions according to the invention is considered to be very advantageous because it promotes an antistatic effect when added to antistatic detergent compositions. It is also important that the polyamides used in the invention are only sparingly water soluble and yet are able to readily decompose in the normal washing temperature of the supernatant aqueous medium, such as 10-90 ° C, often between 20-60 ° C. Thus, when selecting the reactants polyamine and neoalkanoic acid, by selecting the desired proportions of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (or butylene oxide), the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the antistatic agent can be controlled and thus "fine-tuned" the substance in the intended product or use.

β 89043

It has now been found that the best antistatic agents for use in detergent compositions or rinse compositions or in the wash and rinse steps are those made from neoalkanoic acid such as neodecanoic acid and polyoxypropylene triamine such as Jeffamine T-403. Other Jeffamines, such as Jeffamine D-230, D-400 and D-2000, can be used to make the polyamides used in the invention, and these are definitely the best Jeffamine D-230, apparently because other Jeffamines produce products that are less effective antistatic agents due to their higher the number of oxypropylene groups, higher molecular weights, and lack of hydrophilic properties, all of which contribute to reducing the adsorption on the surfaces of their fibers. When the polyamine is ethylenediamine or hexamethylenediamine, the antistatic effect of the polyamides is obtained during laundry washing, but it is not as effective as with polyamides prepared using the described trialkylacetic acid and Jeffamine T-403 or Jeffamine D-230.

Jeffamine polyamines useful in preparing the antistatic polyamides of the compositions of the invention are described in the booklet JEFFAMINE Polyoxypropyleneamines, published by Texaco Chemical Company, published 1978 by Jefferson Chemical Company, Inc. These polyamines have formulas on pages 2 and 3 thereof and have typical physical properties. The use of jeffamines has been described throughout the booklet, the most important of which is the use of synthetic resins such as epoxy resins and polyurethanes. The bibliography at the end of the booklet on pages 61-64 contains a list and summary of the use of Jeffamines and related substances in textiles. In some cases, it was reported that the antistatic finishing of textiles was done by reacting polyoxyethylenediamine or a similar polyamine with a suitable acid to give an anti-static polyamide. Useful literature sources included JP Patents 71/07 461; 71/29,914 and 71/32,519 and U.S. Patent 3,558,419. However, none of these sources mentioned in the Jeffamine Booklet discloses the polyamide used in the blends of the invention and its preferred properties. The preferred triamides have the formula

T O

I II

CH2 (OCH2 CIDxNHCR A-CCH2 (OCH2 CTH) yNHCOR

ch2 (och, ch) _nhcr

I II

T o wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and hydrogen. T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen, R is neoalkyl having 4 to 13 carbon atoms, and x, y and z are each the numbers 1 to 8 and the sum is 4 to 10. In particular, A is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, T is methyl, R is neoalkyl of 4 to 9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each the numbers 1 to 3, the sum of which is 4 to 8. Even more particularly, A is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, T is methyl, R is neoalkyl of 4 to 9 carbon atoms, and x, y and z are each numbers 1 to 3, the average of which is 4.5 to 6. Most preferably, A is ethyl, T is methyl, R is neoalkyl of 9 or about 9 carbon atoms, and x, y, and z are each numbers 1-3 with an average of about 5.3. The preferred diamides for the invention are

OOPS

Il I II

RCNHCCH, (OCH, CH) nNH CR

I I n

TT

. . wherein T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen, R

is neoalkyl having 4 to 13 carbon atoms and n is 1 to 40. More specifically, T is methyl, R is neoalkyl having 4-9 carbon atoms and n is 2-10. Even more particularly, T is methyl, R is neoalkyl having 4 or 9 carbon atoms and n is a number from 2 to 7. Most preferably, T is methyl, R is neoalkyl having 9 or about 9 carbon atoms, and n is on average about 5.6. Other useful diamides are those made from neoalkanoic acid having 5 to 10 carbon atoms and alkylenediamine having 10 to 690 carbon atoms. Of these compounds, N, N'-ethylene-bis-neodecanoamide and N, N'-hexamethylene-bis-neodecanoamide are preferred.

From the above formulas and the description of the ingredients and their substituents, it can be seen that the amine radicals of polyamines (such as diamines) have been completely converted to the amide form. But while such amides are definitely preferred, the use of incompletely "amidated" polyamines that are at least 2/3 amidated as antistatic agents is also contemplated. They have some detrimental properties of quaternary ammonium salts, as they may react with anionic detergents, but it is expected that such a reaction and the resulting reduction in washing capacity and increase in spots in laundry will usually be tolerable because only some of the amine radicals have become non-reactive. amides. Any adverse effects due to the presence of unreacted amine groups can be reduced by mixing said substances with fully amidated antistatic agents.

In the mixtures of this invention, diamides and triamides can be used in any desired and effective ratio. Thus, for example, with N, N'-ethylene-bis-neodecanoamide; N, N'-ethylene-bis-neodecanoamide can be mixed with N, N'-hexamethylene-bis-neopentanoamide; The tri-neodecanoamide of Jeffamine T-403 can be mixed with the di-neodecanoamide of Jeffamine D-230; and the tri-neodecanoamide of Jeffamine T-403 can be mixed with N, N'-ethylene-bis-neodecanoamide to name a few possible combinations. 3- and 4-part and other polyamide combinations can also be made.

The blends of polyamides of the invention can be used to treat various fibrous materials, such as polyesters, nylons, polyacrylates, and acetates, mixtures of some or all of these materials, and blends of any of these materials with natural fibers, such as cotton, to reduce their tendency to accumulate harmful static charges. They can also be used to treat non-fibrous polymeric materials such as video tapes, camera film and photographs, film, recording tapes, plastic films, and fused (or otherwise formed) plastic objects, such as articles made of polyvinyl chloride (or polyvinyl chloride film). In such a treatment, the polyamides can be added directly or in suspension or in solution, in the form of liquids, pastes, gels, foams or sprays, in relatively small amounts, and usually the ratio of polyamide to material to be treated is between 0.00005 and 0.1% by weight.

Although the antistatic agents in question can be used as such or in materials treated in suspension or solution to make them free of static charge, it is generally considered highly advantageous to add them to other compositions used for various treatments of such materials. Thus, it is preferred to add these antistatic agents to detergent compositions so that laundry washed with such compositions does not accumulate interfering static charges. These compositions contain, as a detergent, a synthetic organic detergent and a sufficiently high proportion of the polyamide of this invention to impart antistatic properties to the washed laundry.

The polyamide blends of this invention are particularly preferred as anionic detergent compositions because, unlike quaternary ammonium halides, they do not react adversely with anionic detergents and do not complex with optical brighteners.

Thus, they do not form greasy reaction products that can settle on the fabrics and tarnish the appearance of the washed laundry, nor do they cause a deterioration in the detergency of the detergent composition. In addition, they are effective antistatic agents that can be adsorbed on washed laundry, especially their synthetic polymeric fibers such as polyesters during washing. In the preferred detergent compositions of this invention, the synthetic organic detergent is of the sulfate and / or sulfonate type and usually contains a higher aliphatic chain, such as a higher alkyl group of 8-20 carbon atoms, predominantly 10-18, in its lipophilic moiety. Such materials are preferably in the form of water-soluble salts, for example sodium salts. Although the polyamides in question can be used in nonionic detergent compositions or in various types of detergent compositions such as amphoteric, ampholytic and zwitterionic detergents, the detergent is preferably an anionic detergent and is usually one or more of the following: higher alkylene alcohol; olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates; monoglyseridisul-phosphates; fatty alcohol etoksilaattisulfaatit; higher fatty acid sulfoesters of isethionic acid; higher fatty acyl sarcosides and acyl and sulfonamides of N-methyltaurine. These detergents usually carry a higher aliphatic or alkyl group, which is preferably straight and usually has 8 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 18. When the detergent has lower alkoxy chains, such as said ethoxylate disulfate, it usually has 3 to 30 ethoxy groups, preferably 3 to 10. Such detergents are usually used as sodium salts, although other water-soluble salts such as potassium, ammonium and triethanolamine salts may also be used depending on the conditions.

Under high performance laundry conditions, the detergent composition usually contains an enhancer to increase the detergency of the anionic detergent, especially in hard water. Of the several enhancers that can be used, the most preferred are: polyphosphates, sodium tripolyphosphate, and tetrasodium pyrophosphate; carbonates; bicarbonates; sesquicarbonates; silicates; seskvisilikaatit; citrates; nitriloacetate; and polyacetal carboxylates, all of which are water-soluble 13,69043 salts, and water-softening zeolites, such as hydrogenated Zeolite A, which are insoluble in water.

According to the invention, the proportion of neoalkanoamide in the detergent composition is such that it gives antistatic properties (the washed laundry adsorbs the polyamide according to the invention during washing) and this amount is usually between about 0.5-20% by weight of the detergent composition, preferably 1-10% and even more preferably 2-7 %, and most preferably 3-5%, for example 4%.

In addition to the polyamide, the detergent and the builder, the detergent composition of the invention, even when in solid or particulate form, usually contains some moisture. The moisture content of such solid products in particulate form is usually between 2-20%, for example about 8%. The particulate material is preferably in the form of spray-dried (or agglomerated or partially agglomerated) spheres of the detergent composition, and has a particle size in the range of 10-140, more preferably 10-100 U.S. sieves. Other forms of detergent composition may be made, such as liquids, gels, pastes, rods, or lumps, and compositions in particulate form and in these other forms will usually also contain functional and aesthetic excipients and may also contain excipients. Excipients usually make up the remainder of the detergents, such as: fluorescent or optical brighteners, such as stilbene brighteners, anti-re-adhesives, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polymers which promote stain removal, such as Alkaril QCF, polyoxyethylene , fabric softeners such as bentonite, gelling agents ·· * .pregnants (for use in a blender) such as citric acid and magnesium sulphate, dyes such as ultramarine blue pigment and dyes, bleaches such as titanium m-dioxide enzymes such as mixtures of proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes, and perfumes. Of the fillers and excipients that are sometimes used, sodium sulfate is preferred, although sodium chloride may also be used. Liquid detergent compositions may also contain water, lower alcohols, glycols, co-solvents, hydrotropes and antifreeze agents.

The proportions of detergent, enhancer and polyamide antistatic agent and moisture in the antistatic detergent in the particulate form according to the invention are usually between 5-35%, 10-85%, 0.5-20% and 2-20%, respectively. The preferred ratios are 8-30%, 25-70%, 1-10% and 3-15%, respectively, and more preferably the ratios are 10-25%, 30-70%, 2-7% and 5-12%, respectively. The moisture content includes hydrate moisture that is removed by a standard moisture test by heating for one hour at 105 ° C, and this moisture removal is not included in the percentages given for the other components.

When the detergent composition is to be in particulate form, it can be prepared by spray-drying an aqueous mixer mixture comprising several of its ingredients, such as the polyamide antistatic agent of the invention, into free-flowing spheres using a well-known drying apparatus and a standard spray-drying method. , which is the product of the combustion of fuel oil or gas, runs either parallel or countercurrent to the falling spray droplets, and the droplets are sprayed from an aqueous mixer mixture to produce dried spheres that are removed from the bottom of the spray tower and then screened or otherwise classified as desired particle size. The resulting spheres are excellent detergents and their antistatic component is able to adsorb to laundry and reduce the tendency of laundry to accumulate static charges. However, an even greater antistatic effect is observed when the polyamide antistatic agent is not spray-dried with another detergent composition but is sprayed or otherwise applied to the spray-dried spheres of the rest of the detergent composition or to the base spheres of a detergent composition made by mixing together ( and preferably by agglomeration) its particulate components. In a preferred method of preparing nonionic detergent compositions, the polyamide is dissolved and / or dispersed relative to the formula of the liquefiable nonionic detergent at an elevated temperature (40-50 ° C), and the resulting liquid is sprayed onto and adsorbed onto porous spray-dried builder balls. Said improved antistatic results are also obtained by adding a polyamide antistatic agent to the wash water and separately adding the detergent composition or its components. For this or other use, the antistatic agent can be prepared in a convenient powder form, ready to be added to detergents to become Antistatic, and first mixed with a suitable carrier such as Microcel (synthetic calcium silicate powder), an excipient such as particulate sodium sulfate or a fabric softening agent such as bentonite, a synergist or a mixture of enhancers, or any other suitable agent or agents. Highly promising carriers are Fresh Start® Detergent Base Balls, which may be porous spray-dried mixed spheres of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate (phosphate-free detergents), or may contain sodium tripolyphosphate in spray-dried form. Such Fresh Start spheres may contain up to 40% polyamide, for example 25-35% neodecanoic acid and amine triamide, sold commercially as Jeffamine T-403, and still remain. still as free-flowing particles. The proportion of antistatic agent in a plurality of said carriers may be appropriate for the intended use and modified from particulate detergent compositions to liquid, gel or paste detergent compositions in which the proportion of solvent or liquid medium is different from that of solid or particulate products. be 5-95%, but is usually 10-35%. The proportions of detergent, antistatic agent, enhancer, if present, and excipients, if present, are adjusted accordingly, and usually their relative proportions are kept approximately the same as in the particulate solid composition, where the excipient content is usually 3-30%, and the filler content may be 5-50%. But the proportion of polyamide antistatic agent in such detergent compositions and other antistatic preparations is maintained at a level at which the polyamide is capable of imparting antistatic properties to the substance to be treated when the composition is used appropriately. One skilled in the art will be able to modify the formulations to provide products that are most beneficial and very stable. Likewise, the formulation is modified when it is desired to prepare compositions for use in a rinse or dryer. Rinse compositions may sometimes contain only the polyamide of the invention dissolved in a suitable solubilizing medium or dispersed in an aqueous liquid medium, often with the aid of a hydrotropic agent or other surfactant or solubilizer. The proportion of antistatic agent is preferably kept approximately the same as in the above-mentioned detergent composition in antistatic particulate form, for example 0.5-20%, although less could be used because in the absence of detergent and enhancer the antistatic agent is usually more substantive. Liquid preparations used in rinsing water usually have a solvent or liquid content of 50-90%, while the content of any surfactant or hydrotrope is usually between 0.1-5%. If a quaternary ammonium halide is also present, its proportion is preferably between one part of the quaternary compound per 1/2 to 10 parts of the polyamide antistatic agent. In addition, when a porous strip of polyurethane or cellulose or a fabric or paper substrate is impregnated with an antistatic agent of this invention (usually in a percentage by weight of 10 to 100% by weight of the substrate), a fatty substance such as a higher fatty acid monoglyceride or diglyceride may be present. 89043 in which polyamide settles on the surfaces of the fibers of the fabric. A suitable such substance is a diglyceride of coconut oil fatty acids.

When the polyamide-antistatic composition of the invention is applied to laundry during a wash or rinse step so that it is adsorbed to laundry from wash water or rinse, the concentration of the detergent composition or rinse preparation in the wash water is sufficient to . Such an effective concentration is usually between 0.002 and 0.05% of polyamide, and preferably this range is between 0.004 and 0.02%. The concentration of the detergent composition or rinse composition in the wash water is usually between 0.05-0.5%, preferably 0.08-0.2%. The temperature of the wash or rinse water is usually between 10-90 ° C, for example 30-50 ° C, and the lower end of the 10-90 ° C wash temperature range is typical of American household laundry practice and the upper end of this temperature range is common in European practice, especially when perborate is used. detergent compositions (the rinsing temperature is usually at the lower end of the temperature range at each). In American practice, the usual wash temperature is between 20-60 ° C, and in "cold water wash" and rinses, this temperature range is often 20-40 ° C (or even lower for rinsing). The washing step usually takes five minutes to one hour and rinsing takes two to twenty minutes of that time. The water used may be soft or hard and the hardness may range from 0 to 250 ppm (calcium and magnesium hardnesses, expressed as calcium carbonate). Under such washing and / or rinsing conditions, the polyamides used in the invention are sufficiently substantial for laundry, especially synthetic organic polymers such as polyesters, to be able to adsorb on them sufficiently to render the polymer antistatic and thus reduce all static charges. during (rotation) or by the action of abrasive forces on the surface of the polymer ie 89043, such as abrasion against another substance.

When the washed laundry is treated in a dryer with substrates on which the polyamide used in the invention or a mixture thereof with a quaternary ammonium salt is deposited, it is found that the resulting laundry has a lower tendency to accumulate static charges.

The results obtained using any of the methods described are generally better than those obtained using higher alkyl isostearamides, as described in U.S. Patent 4,497,715, and are even better than those obtained using mononeoalkanoamides as antistatic agents. as substances described in FI patent application No. 861 257. Although isostearamides and mononeoalkanoamides are very effective antistatic agents which do not react adversely with anionic detergents, at least some of the polyamides in question, for example Jeffamine T-403, neodecanoic acid polyamides, are even more effective in antistatic activity, so that the percentages and application rates of the formulation can be significantly reduced, leading to clear savings and better products.

Although any method of adding the polyamide blends of the invention to antistatic materials can be used and the treated material becomes antistatic in nature, it is within the scope of the invention to use most or all of these steps, such as washing, rinsing and drying, in the presence of an antistatic agent. . Likewise, the laundry may be brushed or sprayed with an antistatic agent in solution or dispersion, and other materials such as floor coverings may be treated in the same manner.

However, a significant advantage of these antistatic agents is their compatibility with anionic detergents in 19 89043 detergent compositions and wash waters, where antistatic amounts of quaternary ammonium salts often have detrimental effects on the detergency of anionic detergents and cause adverse reactions (often resulting in aging). laundry or other washable items.

The infrared absorption spectra of several typical polyamides of the compositions of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is such an absorption spectrum of polyoxypropylene triamine trineodecanoamide sold under the name Jeffamine T-403, Figure 2 is such a spectrum of is such a spectrum of neodecanoic acid and hexamethylenediamine dineodecanoamide, and Figure 4 is such a spectrum of neodecanoic acid and ethylenediamine dineodecanoamide.

The following examples illustrate, but do not limit, the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, in these examples, the specification and the claims, all parts given are parts by weight and all temperatures are in degrees Celsius.

Example 1 146 g of Jeffamine T-403 polyoxypropylene amine are reacted with 165 g of Exxon neodecanoic acid (first class) in a one liter three-necked glass flask fitted with a magnetic stirrer, a heating mantle and an ice cooler. The condensation reaction is carried out at 250 ° C and is monitored by monitoring the water collected from the condenser. After six hours, the reaction is almost complete and the flask is removed from the heating mantle. It is allowed to stand until it has cooled to room temperature and the contents are then transferred to a one-liter separatory funnel where they are washed successively with the following solutions: water, ethanol and hydrochloric acid; water and ethanol; aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; and distilled water until neutral. When the washing is complete, the excess water is drained off and the washed product is dried on a rotary vacuum evaporator to give 260 g of product.

The product is a relatively dark oil with a melting point below 0 ° C and a refractive index (Νβ 20 ° C) of 1.4745.

The infrared absorption spectrum of this polyamide, which is a triamide of neodecanoic acid and polyoxypropylene triamine, is given in Figure 1. The nucleomagnetic resonance spectrum is consistent with the expected structure.

When 10% by weight of the reactants (about 30 g) of ethylene glycol are present in the reaction mixture as a catalyst for the condensation reaction, the reaction temperature can be lowered to 230 ° C and the resulting amide is a lighter color.

An even lighter colored oily liquid product can be obtained by using neodecanoyl chloride instead of neodecanoic acid. In addition, the reaction temperature can be lowered. Therefore, the product is lighter in color. The reaction of neodecanoyl chloride with Jeffamine T-403 weighs 190 g of neodecanoyl chloride and is carried out at 30 ° C or lower (using an ice bath to maintain a low temperature; the reaction is exothermic) for three hours, after which it is considered complete. . In addition to the reactants mentioned, 700 ml of diethyl ether as reaction solvent of reaction 2i 89043 and granunamole (101 g) of triethylamine (which acts as HCl agent).

When the addition of neodecanoyl chloride is complete, remove the ice bath from the flask and allow the reaction mixture to reach room temperature, followed by stirring for an additional one to three hours. It is then transferred to a two-liter separatory funnel and washed twice with water, once with 5% aqueous hydrochloric acid and once with 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, followed by one or more washes with distilled water until the product is neutral to pH paper. Any remaining ether is removed in a steam bath and the product is finished on a rotary evaporator. The product obtained is water-white to light amber in color, is pure, and has the infrared and N.M.R. spectra shown above for the same product made by the condensation method.

Example 2

To prepare polyoxypropylene tri-neodecanoamide by the acid chloride method, a variation is made by adding 206 g of Jeffamine T-403 ml of polyoxypropylene to a three-liter three-necked flask equipped with a Chesapeake stirrer, condenser, thermometer, dropping funnel and ice bath. triethylamine. The temperature is kept below 30 ° C by controlling the rate of addition and 255 g of neodecanoyl chloride (obtained from Pennwalt Corporation) is added to the flask through a dropping funnel. After the addition of neodecanoyl chloride, the reaction mixture is kept at about room temperature and stirred for a further 3 h.

It is then washed twice with 500 ml portions of distilled water, twice with equal amounts of 10% sodium hydroxide solution (in water) and then with water until neutral on pH paper. The resulting polyoxypropylene •. a solution of tri-neodecanoamide in methylene chloride is filtered through anhydrous sodium sulfate, the methylene chloride is evaporated off and the amide compound is recovered.

22 89043

Example 3

Polyoxypropylene di-neodecanoamide was prepared by the condensation method and using a 500 ml three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a heater, a condenser with a Dean Stark retainer and a thermometer and a thermostat for the heater. The nitrogen line was connected to the flask so that nitrogen gas could be kept above its surface to protect the reaction mixture. To the flask were added 95 g of Jeffamine D-230 polyoxypropylenediamine having a molecular weight of approximately 230 (containing an average of 2.6 moles of propylene oxide per mole of diamine) and 172 g of neodecanoic acid. The mixture was covered with nitrogen, heated to 270-300 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 5 hours. The reaction is considered complete and the reaction product is then transferred to a separatory funnel and washed three times with 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, followed by three washes with distilled water. Excess water is removed and the product is dried on a rotary evaporator.

Esimerkki_4

Other amides of this invention were prepared according to the methods of Examples 1-3, but under the conditions set forth in Table 1 below.

23 89043

table 1

Amide labeling_ Method Starting materials Conditions

E-DEC acid chloride 60 g ethylenediamine-20-30 ° C

nia, 3 h 361 g neodecanoyl chloride 202 g triethylamine

E-DEC condensation 65 g ethylenediamine 300 ° C

344 g of neodecanoic acid for 5 h

H-DEC condensation 58 g of 1,6-hexane-270-280 ° C

amine 6 h 184 g neodecanoic acid

TRI-DEC condensation 200 g Jeffamine T-403 250 ° C

258 g of neodecanoic acid 5-1 / 2 h poa

TRI-DEC condensation 50 g Jeffamine T-403 195 ° C

65 g of neodecanoic acid- 5 h poa 24 g of ethylene glycol

J-DEC condensation 200 g Jeffamine D-400 165-175 ° C

172 g of neodecanoic acid for 16 h

TRI-HEP condensation 110 g Jeffamine T-403 220 ° C

98 g of neoheptanoic acid 10 h of acid The physical properties of the products of this example and Examples 1-3 are measured and infrared spectra and nucleomagnetic resonance spectra (proton and C 1) are prepared from some products. All products have melting points below 0 ° C. The refractive index of the ethylenediamine-neodecanoic acid condensation product is 1.4782; hexameth- ··. lenediamine-neodecanoic acid condensation product 1.4742;

Jeffamine D-230 neodecanoic acid condensation product 1.4667 and Jeffamine T-403 neodecanoyl chloride reaction product 1.4745. Copies of the infrared spectra of TRI-DEC, J-DEC, H-DEC, and E-DEC are shown in Figures 1-4 of Figures 1-4, respectively. These and all prepared multi-neodecanoamides subjected to infrared analysis had similar infrared absorption bands, for example: secondary amide bond (NH) with strong absorption at 3350 cm -1 S secondary amide carboxyl (C = 0) with strong absorption at a wavelength of 1633 cm S and an ether bond (CO) in which the absorption is very strong at a wavelength of 1100 cm -1 with polyoxypropylene amides (made of Jeffamines).

The proton and C 1-4 nucleomagnetic resonance spectra from TRI-DEC are consistent with the structure of this amide. These spectra are very complex due to the presence of isomeric structures.

Example 5

Component%

Straight chain sodium tridecylbenzene sulfonate 13.4

Sodium tripolyphosphate 24.0

Sodium silicate (Na 2 O: SiO 2 = 1: 2.4) 6.3

Sodium carbonate 4.5

Borax 1.0

Fluorescent brighteners 0, 3

Methylcellulose 0.5

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0, 2

Sodium sulphate 49.6

Perfume 0.2 100.0

A spray-dried detergent composition of the above formula is prepared by spray-drying an aqueous mixer device mixture containing 60% solids in a conventional counter-current spray-drying tower to obtain spray-dried detergent balls, without perfume, which are then perfumed by spray-spraying. by applying to them an amount of liquid perfume according to the manufacturing formula. The product is screened so that its particle sizes range from U.S. No. 10-100. Five parts of di-alkanoamide or tri-alkanoamide of the type described in the above examples are then sprayed onto 100 parts of spheres of the detergent composition to obtain antistatic detergent compositions. Instead of mixing the alkanoamide with the detergent composition to form an antistatic detergent composition, it can be mixed with the wash water and sometimes preferably added to the rinse. The effects of the presence of several antistatic agents on detergent compositions are evaluated by washing the test fabrics in top-loading Whirl pool washers and drying them in automatic tumble dryers, after which they are tested for static charge accumulation using both a rating board and an electric current meter. The washing machine uses a ballast load with test tags. The ballast load (2.27 kg) consists of: 1/3 wood-wool terry fabrics; 1/3 cotton percussion caps (size 35.6 x 38.1 cm); and 1/3 65% Dacronia; 35% cotton pads (size 35.6 x 38.1 cm) without permanent press finishing). The test pads used to measure the antistatic effect are: double knit action; 65% Dacron - 35% cotton, durable press; blue permanent press; nylon. In the test method used, the washers and dryers were first thoroughly washed using 3A denatured alcohol, followed by air drying, the washing machine was set for a washing time of 14 min and 64 μl of water, temperature 49 ° C, was used. "Hot" wash means the use of a normal wash cycle, which includes a cold rinse with tap water. A detergent composition containing an antistatic agent is added to the wash water after the machine is filled with water and allowed to rotate for about ten seconds, and then a ballast load of terry towels and other clothing (2.27 kg) and various synthetic polymeric materials are added separately. test strips while continuing to mix. The various fabrics are then removed and placed in an electric dryer where they are dried for about 2 h.

26 89043

The test strips and two terry towels from the ballast are then dried for another ten minutes and the test strips are evaluated for their static adhesion by a test panel of experienced reviewers. Before performing static measurements with the device, which are performed thereafter, the test strips are hung overnight in a room with low humidity (25% relative humidity). To determine static charges from the average test material by the device, after washing with an antistatic detergent composition, all static test pads are rubbed in a controlled manner with wool under controlled conditions at a relative humidity of 25-30%, after which the electrostatic charges of the test pads are measured and taken from each averages, after which the averages of the materials are taken again, resulting in a static index. It has been found that differences as small as six index units (in kilovolts) are significant and indicate that the consumer will notice a difference in static adhesion if the static indices of the washed material differ by six units.

The following table gives the static indices of the detergent compositions of this example, as well as some prior art compositions loaded into the washing machine at 105 g per load (100 g of detergent composition plus 5 g of antistatic agent), which is 0.155% based on the wash water.

27 39043

Table 2

Antistatic Automatic dry and detergent- After static waxing, the composition value of the selected static wax (5 g A + 100 g D.C.) (kilovolts) and adhesion

Control (not antistatic) 38 Very strong substance E-DEC 21 Weak H-DEC 23 Weak J-DEC (MW = 230) 22 Very weak J-DEC (MW = 400) 31 Moderate to severe TRI-DEC (MW = 403) 20.5 Not at all CISA (coconut stearamide, 25 Moderate U.S. Patent 4,497,715) T-DEC (talineodecanoamide, 24 Moderate to low SN-716,871) (MW = molecular weight) (DC = detergent composition) (A = antistatic agent)

From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that TRI-DEC is the most effective antistatic agent of these tested substances, both in terms of measured electrostatic values and in the absence of static charges and static adhesion, as reported by a test panel of experienced reviewers. But other tested products of this invention also resulted in improvements in static control of synthetic fabrics, such as polyesters, and are therefore useful components in detergent compositions for this purpose. When such substances are added to rinsing water in concentrations similar to the active ingredient, antistatic effects are obtained in the fabrics included in the laundry, especially in polyester garments. Similarly, when antistatic agents are present in the contact products used in the dryer, such as papers or polyurethane sponges, while the laundry is rotating in the dryer, or when sprayed on the laundry in the dryer, the desired antistatic effects are obtained, especially on polyester-containing garments. The proportion of antistatic agent used in the laundry dryer 28 89043 is approximately the same based on the dry laundry as used in the detergent compositions for washing the laundry and, for example, in the case of TRI-DEC, about 0.2%. But the proportions of antistatic agents used in rinses in drying products can be of the order of magnitude used in detergent compositions based on the laundry being treated.

By experimenting as described in this example, it has been found that static electricity is completely eliminated from a medium sized laundry charge containing synthetic fabrics such as polyester if at least 3.5% TRI-DEC is present in the detergent composition. In order to obtain a similar effect with other polyamides of this invention, there should be at least 5% non-cationic antistatic conductors prior to H-DEC, E-DEC or J-DEC (D-230), T-DEC and CISA, are usually used (to achieve the same antistatic effect) by at least 7.5% and 9%, respectively.

The relatively lower percentage of TRI-DEC required to completely eliminate static charges from washed and machine dried laundry facilitates the preparation of the detergent compositions of the invention. Since it has been found that spray drying the antistatic agent with the components of the detergent composition from the blender mixture reduces the antistatic effect, it is preferred to subsequently add the antistatic agent to the previously spray dried detergent composition spheres as described earlier in this example. Subsequent addition of larger amounts of a normally liquid antistatic agent can result in a particulate detergent with significantly poorer flow properties than one containing a less antistatic agent. Thus, the use of the antistatic agent of the present invention is more economical, and in addition, an effective product having more favorable physical properties, for example, free-flowing, can be produced.

29 89043

The several antistatic agents described above were also tested for their deposition on the surfaces of washed laundry using an ESCA (electric surface composition analysis) device. This testing revealed that the surface layer of Dacron textile molecules washed with the compositions of the invention contained 70% by weight of TRI-DEC, H-DEC, E-DEC and J-DEC were 38% by weight, 25% by weight and 36% by weight, respectively, and the reference substances CISA and T-DEC were 28% by weight and 35% by weight, respectively. Since the adsorptions of diamides and monoamides are approximately the same, while the antistatic activity of the diamides is higher, the antistatic activity of the compounds in question also depends on the amide content as well as the adsorption on the surface of the washed textiles. Triamides such as TRI-DEC contain more amide and are best adsorbed, resulting in excellent antistatic effects. This also explains why triamides such as TRI-DEC, which has a very high molecular weight, e.g., 5000 (due to the additional propylene oxide content) and therefore a low amide content, are less effective than TRI-DEC.

The washing tests described above were performed at normal washing temperature, 49 ° C, and at this temperature at 3.5% TRI-DEC detergent compositions, using a 2.27 kg ballast, with the polymeric test textiles showing weak static electricity in the opinion of the panel members, and electrostatic the value was 19 kilovolts. When the temperature of the wash water is lowered to 38 ° C, 27 ° C and 15.5 ° C, the electrostatic values fall to 16, 17 and 12, respectively, and in no case does the board detect a static charge.

It is at the various washing temperatures mentioned above that the detergent composition has the same washing ability whether or not it contains an antistatic agent. Thus, the antistatic agent does not adversely affect detergency, in contrast to quaternary ammonium halides, which interfere with the detergency of anionic detergents by reacting with them.

In addition to the detergent compositions described in Example 5, other detergent compositions are prepared using other di-alkanoamides and tri-alkanoamides as described above in this specification, for example di-pentanoamides, tri-decanoamides in place of those mentioned in this example. Mixtures of such polyamides are also made. These replace the polyamides of this example in the preparation formula of the detergent composition and result in the laundry washed with these compositions being effectively cleaned without any detrimental effect from the presence of antistatic agent (as opposed to using cationic antistatic agents), and a beneficial antistatic effect is found. synthetic polymers such as polyesters. This is also the case when the proportions of the various ingredients of the detergent composition, including the antistatic agent, are varied _ + 10%, + 20% and 30% as long as they remain within the scope given in the specification. In addition to changing the antistatic agent, the anionic detergent is converted and other anionic detergents and mixtures thereof, as described in the specification, are substituted for straight-chain sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate. For example, straight-chain sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium paraffin sulfonate having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the paraffin chain are used in this manner. In these cases, a beneficial antistatic effect on the laundry is observed and the antistatic agents do not interfere with the detergency of the composition.

Example 7 TRI-DEC is sprayed on the surface of porous, spray-dried, spray-dried FRESH START base spheres which do not contain phosphate and contain about 40% sodium carbonate, 40% sodium bicarbonate, 2% sodium silicate, 12% moisture and 6% various excipients (such as 31,89043 fluorescent brighteners, dyes and pigments) so that the content of antistatic agent becomes 30% by weight. Where possible, the base beads may also contain up to 30% sodium tripolyphosphate, with the carbonate and bicarbonate proportions being reduced to 25% each. The resulting product is free-flowing and is a useful additive in detergent compositions, especially anionic detergent compositions, to give them an antistatic and potentiating effect.

The invention has often been described by way of illustrative examples and embodiments, but is not limited thereto, as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art - the patent specification in question - will be able to use equivalent and substitute materials without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (38)

1. Mixture of polyamides of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamine or amines, variety is useful as an antistatic agent for materials made from trees or fibers, characterized in that the trialkylacetic acid units of the polyamides have 1-10 carbon atoms in each of their alkyl groups. and that the polyamines polyamine units contain 2-5 amino groups, and the oxyalkylene groups in the polyoxyalkylene groups have 2-4 carbon atoms and the number of such groups in each polyoxyalkylene group ranges from 1 to 40 and the alkylene groups in the polyoxyalkylene alkylene have 1-10 carbon atoms. 2. A mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the sum of the carbon atoms in the alkyl group in each trialkylacetic acid unit of the polyamides is 3-12 and the polyamine unit is a diamine or triamine unit with alkylene group or alkylene groups having 2-10 carbon atoms and / or polyoxyalkylene alkylene groups. which link the amide groups in the polyamide. Mixture according to claim 2, characterized in that the mixture contains diamides or triamides. 4. A mixture according to claim 3, characterized in that the mixture contains diamides of neodecanoic acid and alkylenediamine of 2-6 carbon atoms. 5. A mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that the mixture contains N, Ν'-ethylene-bis-neone decanoamide. 6. A mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that the mixture contains N, N1-hexamethylene-bis-neodecanoamide. A mixture according to claim 3, characterized in that the mixture contains a polyamide whose formula is 4389043 TOI II ch2 (OCH2CH) xNHCR A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) yNHCOR CH2 (OCH2CHLNHCR I II T 0 or OH 0 II I II RCNHCHCH2 (OCHs NHCR TT where A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1-20 carbon atoms and hydrogen, T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen, R is a neoalkyl of 4-13 carbon atoms, n is 1-40 and x, y and z is each tai from 1 to 8, and their sum is from 4 to 10. A mixture according to claim 7, characterized in that the mixture contains a polyamide whose formula is TO I II CH2 (OCH2CH) xNHCR A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) yNHCOR CH2 (OCH2CHLNHCR I II where A is an alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms, T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each number from 1 to 3, and their sum no from 4 to 8. A mixture according to claim 8, characterized in that A is an alkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms and the average sum of x, y and z is in the range 4.5 - 6. 44 89043 A mixture according to claim 8, characterized in that A is ethyl, R is a neoalkyl of about 9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each tai from 1-3, and their sum is 5.3. 11. A mixture according to claim 7, characterized in that the mixture contains a polyamide whose formula is OH 0 II I II RCNHCCH, (OCHoCH) nNHCR I I T T A mixture according to claim 11, characterized in that T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms and n is a tai from 2 to 10. A mixture according to claim 12, characterized in that R is a neoalkyl of about 9 carbon atoms and n is one from 2 to 7. Mixture according to claim 13, characterized in that n is on average about 5.6. A detergent composition comprising a detersive portion of a synthetic organic detergent and a portion imparting antistatic properties to washing during washing of mixed polyamides of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamine or polyamines useful as antistatic agents for materials made from trees or fibers, characterized in that each of the alkyl groups in each of the polyamides trialkylacetic acid units contains 2-5 amino groups. Detergent composition according to claim 15, which is in particulate form, characterized in that it comprises about 5-35% synthetic organic detergent of sulfate and / or sulfonate type, about 10-85% of amplifier for this synthetic organic detergent, about 0, 5-20% polyamides of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamine or polyamines which are useful as antistatic agents for materials made from trees or fibers, where the sum of the carbon atoms in the alkyl groups in each of the trialkylacetic acid units ranges from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the polyamine unit (s) is a diamine and / or triamine unit (s) and alkylene groups of 2-10 carbon atoms and / or polyoxyalkylene alkylene group or groups link the amide groups of the polyamide and the oxyalkylene of the polyoxyalkylene group or groups 2-4 carbon atoms and the number of these oxyalkylene groups in each polyoxyalkylene group range from 1-40, and the alkylene groups of polyoxyalkylene alkyl the unit has 1-10 carbon atoms and about 2-20% moisture and any balance of filler and / or additive or kits and the particles in the detergent composition are within the range no. 10-140 of the US Sight Series. Detergent composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the polyamides are diamide or diamides or triamide or triamides or mixtures thereof, that the amplifier is selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates, silicates, sesquicillicates, citrates, citrates , polyacetal carboxylates, zeolites and mixtures thereof, wherein the synthetic organic detergent is selected from the group consisting of linear higher alkylbenzenesulfonates, branched higher alkylbenzenesulfonates, higher fatty alcohol sulfates, olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, monoglyceride sulfates. . higher fatty alcohol ethoxylate sulfates, higher fatty acid sulfoesters of isetonic acid, higher fatty acyl sarcosides and acyl and sulfoamides of N-methyltaurine, and the proportion of anti-static polyamides of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamine or amines in the range of 1-10% in detergent composition. 46 89043 18. Detergent composition according to claim 17, characterized in that the polyamides are diamide or diamides of neodecanoic acid and alkylenediamine having 2-6 carbon atoms. 19. Detergent composition according to claim 18, characterized in that it contains N, N'-ethylene-bis-neodecanoamide. 20. A detergent composition according to claim 18, characterized in that it contains N, N1-hexamethylene-bis-neode-canoamide. 21. Detergent composition according to claim 17, characterized in that it contains a polyamide whose formula is either TOI II CH2 (OC2 CH2xNHCR A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) yNHCOR CH2 (OCH2CH) nhcr I II T o or OH O II I II RCMHCCH, (OCH2CH) nNHCR IITT or a mixture thereof wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1-20 carbon atoms and hydrogen, T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen, R is a neoalkyl of 4-13 carbon atoms , n is 1-40 and x, y and z are each tai from 1-8, and the sum thereof is equal to 4-10. 22. A detergent composition according to claim 21, characterized in that the polyamide has the formula 47 wherein the A is an alkyl having an alkyl having the formula 4789043 T0 I II CH2 (OCH2CH) xNHCR A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) 1-4 carbon atoms, T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each tai from 1-3, and their sum is up to 4-8. 23. Detergent composition according to claim 22, characterized in that in the polyamide compound A is an alkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms and the average sum of x, y and z is in the range 4.5-6. 24. A detergent composition according to claim 23, characterized in that in the polyamide formula A is ethyl, R is a neoalkyl of about 9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each tai from 1-3, and their sum is on average up to about 5. 3rd 25. Detergent composition according to claim 21, characterized in that the polyamide has the formula OH O II I II RCNHCCH, (AND, CH) nNHCR I I TT 26. A detergent composition according to claim 25, characterized in that in the formula for the polyamide T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms and n is a tai from 2-10. A detergent composition according to claim 26, characterized in that in the formula for the polyamide R is a neoalkyl of about 9 carbon atoms and n is on average about 5.6. 48 89043 28. A method of washing laundry and simultaneously lowering its capacity to generate and / or recover an electrostatic charge, characterized in that it comprises washing the laundry in an aqueous medium containing a detersive portion and an antistatic portion of a detergent composition. according to claim 15. 29. A process according to claim 28, characterized in that the detersive proportion of the detergent composition in the aqueous medium is 0.05-0.5%, that the antistatic proportion of the antistatic agent is 0.002-0.05% and that the antistatic agent is one. diamide of neodecanoic acid and alkylenediamine having 2-6 carbon atoms. 30. A method according to claim 28, characterized in that the detersive proportion of the detergent composition in the aqueous medium is in the range 0.05-0.5%, that the antistatic proportion is in the range 0.002-0.05% and that the antistatic proportion contains a substance whose formula is T O II CH 2 (OCH 2 CH) xNHCR A-CCH 2 (OCH 2 CTH) yNHCOR CH, (OCHoCH) _NHCR I II T o or RCNHCCH, (OCH, CH) -NHCR IITT or a mixture thereof, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1-20 carbon atoms and hydrogen, T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen , R is a neoalkyl of 4-13 carbon atoms, n is 1-40, and x, y and z are each tai from 1-8, and their sum is up to 4-10. Process according to claim 30, characterized in that the antistatic agent has the formula T 0 I II CH 2 (OCH 2 CH) xNHCR A-CCH 2 (OCH 2 CTH) γNHCOR CH, (OCHoCH) _NHCR I II T 0 where A is an alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms. , T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms, and x, y and z are each tai from 1-3 and their sum is up to 4-8. 32. A process according to claim 31, characterized in that in the polyamide antistatic agent formula A is ethyl, R is a neoalkyl of about 9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each from 1 to 3, the sum of which on average amounts to about 5.3. 33. A method of treating laundry for lowering its capacity to generate and / or retain an electrostatic charge, characterized by washing the laundry in a wash water containing a detersive portion of a detergent composition, rinsing the wash with a rinsing water. containing an antistatic portion of a polyamide mixture according to claim 1, and drying the laundry. 34. A method according to claim 32, characterized in that the antistatic portion contains a substance whose formula is SO 89043 XNHCR A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) yNHCOR CH2 (OCH2CH) -NHCR I II T 0 in which A is an alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms, T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms and x, y and z are each of tai from 1-3 and their sum is 4-8, the detersive proportion of the detergent composition being in the wash water is in the range 0.05-0.5% and the proportion of the antistatic polyamide mixture in the rinse water is in the range 0.002-0.05%. 35. A process according to claim 34, characterized in that the detergent proportion of the detergent composition in the wash water is about 0.15%, that the proportion of the antistatic polyamide mixture in the rinsing water is about 0.006%, and that in the formula for said antistatic agent A is ethyl, T is methyl, R is a 9-carbon neoalkyl, and x, y and z are each tai from 1-3, the sum of which is about 5.3. A method of treating laundry in an automatic washing dryer to lower its capacity to generate and / or retain an electrostatic charge, characterized in that it comprises application to the wash surfaces of 0.02-0.2% of the weight of the wash of a mixture. of polyamides of trialkylacetic acid or acids and polyamine or polyamines which are useful as antistatic agents for materials made of trees or fibers and in which the trialkylacetic acid units of the polyamides have 1-10 carbon atoms in each of their alkyl groups and the polyamine units contain 2-5 amino groups. si 89043 37. A process according to claim 36, characterized in that said mixture contains a substance whose formula is TOI II CH2 (OCH2CH) A-CCH2 (OCH2 CTH) yNHCOR CH, (OCH, CH) _NHCR I II T o or OH O II I II RCNHCCH, (OCHoCH) nNHCR IITT where A is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1-20 carbon atoms and hydrogen, T is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen, R is a neoalkyl of 4-13 carbon atoms, n is 1- 40, and x, y and z are each tai from 1-8, and their sum is equal to 4-10. 38. A process according to claim 37, characterized in that the antistatic agent has the formula TO I II ch2 (OCH2CH) xnhcr A-CCH2 (OCH2CTH) yNHCOR CH, (AND, CH) _NHCR I II T , T is methyl, R is a neoalkyl of 4-9 carbon atoms, and x, y and z are each tai from 1 to 3, the sum of which is equal to 4-8, and the amount applied to the surface of the wash is about 0.1% of the weight of the laundry.